Territory Of City Research Articles

STUDY OF TEMPORAL CHANGES IN THE TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION OF 1:50,000 SCALE MAPS FOR THE CITY OF RIVNE AND ITS SURROUNDINGS

According to the State Geo Cadastre of Ukraine, 98.4% of topographic maps reflect information from more than 10 years ago, and 70.3% of maps show the state of the terrain from more than 20 years ago. This negative situation with the provision of cartographic materials has become particularly noticeable since the beginning of the war, which has been going on in Ukraine for almost two years. The purpose of this paper is to study the temporal changes in topographic information of 1:50,000 scale maps, which is an urgent and very important scientific and practical task. The object of the study is the territory of Rivne city and its outskirts within two nomenclature sheets of the 1:50,000 map. The changes in topographic information that occurred between 1979 and 2021 were analysed. A digital vector map of the area was created in ArcGIS Pro software from a 1979 map using raster scanning technology. The data was updated based on satellite imagery of 11.06.2021. The results of the research indicate intensive temporal changes in topographic information - almost 50% of the territory has changed over 42 years. There has been an aggressive expansion of settlements into the surrounding agricultural land - towns and villages have more than doubled their territory. The rate of change in topographic information is 2.3 square kilometres per year. This applies to maps with a scale of 1:50,000. On maps of larger scale, such changes occur much faster. Therefore, in order to keep the information on topographic maps up-to-date, a differentiated approach to the frequency of map updates is proposed, depending on the scale and territory. Recommendations on update periods require further research for other map scales and different territories.

Options for adaptation of depressive industrial territories of large cities

The article discusses the issue of adaptation of former industrial buildings in industrial areas. The world experience of transforming industrial heritage is analyzed, the features of working with these objects are revealed, taking into account their historical value and the recorded legislative status of the cultural heritage object. Options for adaptation of depressed industrial areas have been identified, depending on the degree of influence and intervention both in the architectural appearance of the building and its space-planning structure, and in its urban planning characteristics: restoration with adaptation, new non-capital construction, reconstruction, new capital construction. Models for adaptation of industrial heritage sites in the urban environment are proposed, depending on the interaction of the industrial territory with the city infrastructure.

IMPROVEMENT OF TERRITORIES: CONCEPTS, MEANS, ELEMENTS, OBJECTS, TECHNIQUES, AND PRINCIPLES

The formulations and content of the concept of "urban improvement" have been analyzed. The most comprehensive definition is: "Improvement of populated areas is a complex of works on engineering protection, cleaning, drainage, and greening of the territory, as well as socio-economic, organizational-legal, and environmental measures to improve the microclimate, sanitary cleaning, noise reduction, etc., carried out in the territory of a populated area with the aim of its rational use, proper maintenance and protection, and creating conditions for the protection and restoration of the environment conducive to human life. Measures for the improvement of populated areas are activities on restoration, proper maintenance, and rational use of territories, protection, and organization of landscaping objects taking into account the peculiarities of their use." The elements of improvement include: - surfacing of squares, streets, roads, driveways, alleys, boulevards, sidewalks, pedestrian zones, and paths; - public, restricted, and specialized green spaces; - buildings and structures of the household waste removal system; - means and equipment for external lighting and outdoor advertising; - technical means of traffic regulation; - structures of the engineering protection system of the territory; - complexes and objects of monumental art; - facilities and equipment for children's play areas, sports fields, and other recreational spaces located in public areas and other improvement sites; - small-scale architectural structures; - other elements of improvement defined by regulatory legal acts. Projects for the improvement of public use territories must necessarily include city transport parking and guest parking for cars. The main means, elements, objects, principles, and techniques of urban territory improvement have been defined. A list of goals and requirements for the placement of improvement objects at different stages of urban planning design - the general plan of the city, the zoning project of the city territory, the design of the residential area and microdistrict, as well as the group of residential buildings - has been formulated. Using the example of the "Poznyaky" residential area in Kyiv, the main techniques and the state of improvement have been considered. Recommendations for improving the quality of microdistrict territories through engineering improvement have been developed.

ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРНОЙ СРЕДЫ ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫХ ПРОСТРАНСТВ В УСЛОВИЯХ СЛОЖНОГО РЕЛЬЕФА

The mountain landscape distinguishes the location of urban routes, the functional-spatial structure and layout of public areas from the design of an urban environment on flat terrain. This study examines the issues of rational use of urban areas in conditions of complex terrain using the example of the territory of the largest city of Chongqing, located in the central part of China. The research is based on an integrated approach, methods of urban planning analysis and functional-spatial modeling. Various aspects of the transformation of complex natural landscapes to expand public urban spaces and form their identity are analyzed using the example of public spaces in the structure of high-density residential development in Chongqing. The study identified the characteristic problems of the planning organization of public areas on difficult terrain (insufficient insolation, lack of green areas, non-standard location of transport infrastructure, irrational organization of pedestrian traffic, lack of public access to public areas, isolation and incoherence of public spaces, etc.). Functional planning models for the organization of public recreational spaces are proposed, which are promising for use both in areas of existing high-density development and for the development of undeveloped territories in the mountainous regions of China. Prospective directions for the development of public spaces in the Baixiangju residential area in Chongqing have been identified.

Transformation of an Industrial Zone Into an Urban Park: Reconstruction of Buildings

Statement of the problem. To solve the problem of shortage of land resources in the territory of modern cities, a promising direction is the redevelopment of derelict manufacturing plants, including the reuse of unexploited industrial buildings for cultural and commercial purposes. The main task of the Changchun Vanke Blue Mountain project (Jilin Province, China) presented in this article was to maximize the preservation of cultural heritage and the unique atmosphere of the industrial zone while creating an entertainment park. Results. The article describes the technical solutions that made it possible to implement this concept as part of the buildings’ reconstruction of the gear wheel manufacturer and the stamping shop with the technical office. Not only the preservation of ruins was implemented, but also the maximum possible rehabilitation of buildings using original building materials, along with the addition of new annexes built in a modern style. The features of the main street design with an emphasis on the architectural components of reconstructed buildings are provided. Conclusions. The implementation of the Changchun Vanke Blue Mountain project made it possible to popularize the history of the former plant, to show its crucial role in the formation of the city. At the same time, it was possible to create original architectural solutions using modern methods of architectural reconstruction of industrial facilities.

Light Planograph for Insolation Energy Characteristics of Buildings and Territory of Multi-Storey Structures Modelling

This article discusses the problems associated with physical and hygienic studies aimed at determining the influence of insolation – an important climatic factor – on the light, radiation and thermal regime of buildings, and territories in urban development. The article proposes the design of an insolation device of a flatbed type, known as a Svetoplanograph‑2, which can be widely used in solving architectural, construction, urban planning, and energy problems in summer in regions with a warm climate. A method of step-by-step assessment of the insolation-light-thermal regime of buildings and territories with a complex morphological structure of buildings, which is a model of the energy characteristics of insolation, has also been developed. The use of a tablet-type device makes it possible to solve practical urban planning tasks, providing an opportunity to calculate and evaluate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the insolation regime in order to improve the environmental and climatic situation in urban buildings and development in the summer. The developed method of forecasting the insolation regime using a tablet-type device is the basis for modelling the energy state of insolation in a human environment in buildings and territories of cities with a hot climate.

Theory and practice of applying the principle of continuity of pre-university and university levels of violin teaching in China

This article examines the issue of violin education in the People's Republic of China from the point of view of theory and practice. A historical excursion is conducted and a retrospective of the formation of professional university violin education in China is given. The educational process in the leading conservatories of China is studied on the example of programs, as well as the activities of teachers and professors. The author comes to the conclusion that due to the application of the principle of continuity of pre-university and university levels of violin playing in China, Chinese violin art by the turn of the XX-XXI centuries not only reached the world level, but became one of the brightest, independent and deeply original areas of the world violin art. The article uses theoretical methods of research: analysis, synthesis, classification of the results obtained, as well as the method of generalization. The violin is one of the most popular European musical instruments in China, so many people want to master this instrument. There are so many applicants that there are not enough educational institutions for them, which operate only on the territory of large cities. In this regard, private music education is widespread in China. In parallel with the formation of the performing arts, the technique of playing the violin has received multilateral development and scientific justification. The development of Russian and European teaching systems has become the basis of the Chinese methodological system adapted for China and taking into account the individual characteristics of students. Thanks to the application of the principle of continuity of pre-university and university levels of violin playing in China, Chinese violin art by the turn of the XX-XXI centuries not only reached the world level, but became one of the brightest, independent and deeply original areas of world violin art.

Epidemiological intelligence, investment in information technologies and new perspectives for the use of data in health surveillance

In the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the incorporation of the concept of epidemic intelligence and technological resources has supported new perspectives for the use of data by health surveillance, since the COVID-19 pandemic. This article presents the Epidemiological Intelligence Center (CIE) and the tools and products developed in its coordination. The CIE was inaugurated in March 2022, with a multiprofessional team, supported by the premises of transparency and integration of various data sources for early detection of changes in the trends of events of importance in Public Health. The initial acquisition of a data lake favored changes in the consumption, management and security processes for the data processed. This data lake currently stores the Carioca Base - a retrospective cohort of individuals with a history of COVID-19 vaccination and/or events related to the disease. Descriptive and analytical dashboards have been developed and made available, respectively for public use and for health surveillance administrators. An alert panel, aimed at monitoring trends in care in the urgency and emergency network, was implemented and subsidizes rapid response actions in the city's territories. The CIE developed the concept of epidemiological intelligence in the Brazilian Unified National Health System and this paradigm shift was made possible by investments in physical/human resources, the integration of epidemiological, statistical and data science methods, as well as the incorporation of different data sources in data analysis.

Spatial distribution of 137Cs; 40K, 226Ra, 232Th in soils of Monchegorsk city (Murmansk region)

The purpose of the study was to establish the patterns of spatial distribution of radioactivity of technogenic 137Cs and natural radionuclides 232Th, 226Ra, 40K in urban soils of Monchegorsk. Location and time of the study. Soil samples, were collected in summer 2018 in the Monchegorsk city, Murmansk region, Russia. To study the specific activity of radiocesium and natural radionuclides, soil samples were taken from topsoil (0-5 cm) at 82 sites, including 68 sites within the city territory (urban soils) and 14 sites beyond the city limits in the subtorch areas strongly affected by the Severonickel factory. Similar studies of urban soils in Monchegorsk had not been carried out previously. Methods. During expeditionary work and laboratory research, soil, radiological, and mathematical and statistical methods were used. When carrying out gamma spectrometric measurements, radionuclides 137Cs, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were determined on a low-background semiconductor gamma spectrometer ORTEC (USA) based on a high-purity coaxial germanium detector GEM10P4–70 (HPGe) with a SBS-75 pulse signal processor and Gamma-software. The resolution of the gamma spectrometer along the 1.33 MeV line (60Co) was 1.75 keV, and the relative efficiency was 15%. Calibration and quality control of gamma spectrometric measurements was carried out using volumetric activity measurements with 1-L Marinelli vessels of different densities (RITVERZ, Russia-Germany). Main results. The values of specific activity of radionuclides in soil samples were as following: in the technogenic 137Cs up to 31.3 Bq/kg and in the subtorch soils up to 63.4 Bq/kg. Specific activity of natural radionuclides in urban soils reached to 14.2 Bq/kg for 226Ra, whereas in the subtorch soils it reached 21.6 Bq/kg. The specific activity of 232Th in urban soils reached 18.3 Bq/kg, with 17 Bq/kg registered for the subtorch soils. As for 40K, its specific activity reached 498 Bq/kg in the urban soils and 317 Bq/kg. Conclusion. The gamma survey of the Monchegorsk territory did not reveal any anomaly in radiation. The dose rate of gamma radiation in the city does not exceed 0.074 μSv/hour, which is less than the values elsewhere in Russia, ranging from 0.04 to 0.20 μSv/hour. The obtained data about specific activity of technogenic 137Cs and natural radionuclides 232Th, 226Ra, 40K in the Monchegorsk soils are typical for the Murmansk region.

Внешний облик населения средневековой крепости Плёс

The present study is devoted to the restoration of the appearance of the population (XI-XIII centuries), that lived on the territory of the modern city of Ples, Ivanovo region. The craniological material comes from two necropolises: Varvarinsky - 8 skulls (5 male, 3 female) and the cemetery on Cathedral Hill - 6 skulls (3 male, 3 female). Whole skulls were selected for the work, according to which a reliable reconstruction of the lifetime appearance is possible. The calculation of the lifetime size of the head was carried out based on the size of the skull according to the program “Algorithm of the Appearance”. Graphic reconstructions of the face and profile of four individuals were performed in different techniques: a pencil drawing and a photograph image. A sculptural reconstruction of a representative of the local population of Kostroma Merya, made earlier, is given. In addition to creating individual craniofacial reconstructions, the article presents a new method for visualizing paleoanthropological data - a generalized portrait reconstruction based on craniological materials. This method is an analogue of the generalized photo portrait in studies of the modern population. Only here, at the first stage, a generalized image of the skull is performed and, based on it, the average lifetime appearance is restored. The generalized portrait reconstruction illustrates the morphological features of the paleoanthropological group as a whole, allowing for visual comparison with modern populations and correlating the results obtained with generalized portraits of modern groups. Men and women of the medieval Ples have a narrow head, somewhat elongated in the frontal-occipital direction, weak development of the brow relief, an orthognathic face, medium height and width, a high nose bridge, a protruding nose, small eyes and a rather large lower jaw. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

Techniques for the formation of the natural and ecological framework of riverine cities (on the example of Rostov-on-Don)

The article deals with the formation of the landscape of the territories of riverine towns in time and space. Special attention is paid to the formation of the natural and ecological framework of the riverine city and its elements that contribute to the sustainable development of its territories, as well as the creation of comfortable living conditions for the population. The use of methods of an integrated approach in combination with elements of factorial and system analysis required consideration of various aspects in this work. On the example of the city of Rostov-on-Don, the main historical stages of the development of the city territory are presented, taking into account the peculiarities of its natural landscape. The landscape of the territories contributed to the development of settlements from isolated dotted ones to their linear fusion along the water area and their transformation into large urban formations with a complex ecological situation. The current situation is due to a number of mistakes made, including urban planning. In order to create a comfortable urban environment, a developed conceptual model of the natural and ecological framework of the city of Rostov-on-Don with a spatial structure and vertical tiering is presented. Recommendations have been developed for the restoration and formation of sustainable development of the territories of riverine cities by transforming their landscape structure as a whole, as well as the creation of urban landscape parks in order to improve the comfort of the environment for the population to live.

New records of Pipistrellus kuhlii in Prague, Czech Republic (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)

The paper presents three new findings of handicapped individuals of Pipistrellus kuhlii from the territory of the capital city of Prague in the years 2022 and 2023. All three individuals were admitted to the Wildlife Rescue Center in Prague. One find comes from the hibernation period, two finds come from the end of the summer period and the early period of autumn migrations. Two finds come from built-up areas, one find is from the outskirts of Prague. The probability of the existence of a maternity colony in central Bohemia is discussed.

OUTLINE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPEAN FORTIFICATIONS IN THE 15th-19th CENTURIES

The study of the evolution of the development of defensive European forts as a monument of military architecture is relevant nowadays. Wars caused the construction of fortifications to protect the territories of cities. The evolution of medieval fortresses was accompanied by technical progress in construction tools and techniques and the technical skills of military engineers. Fortification complexes in Europe over the centuries, with the development of firearms, were modernized and improved in accordance with the requirements of the time. The reason for the evolution of fortifications was the introduction of new methods, tactics and military strategies. In the process of research, the principles of defense art, fortification technologies in the development of the construction of European forts were studied. Experimenting with new fortification systems, military engineers and architects created defensive complexes that impress with the wisdom of construction, aesthetic and landscape sensitivity. The article traces the evolution of the development of defensive forts in Europe during the 15th - 19th centuries, which characterize the cultural landscape and form the cultural defense heritage.

Ways to restore the landscape of city transport areas

Architectural and landscape reconstruction of the city territory and its separate parts in areas of conflict, including former industry, transport, changing the ecological situation in areas that do not meet ecological requirements, using different approaches in the reconstruction of these areas, with increasing the components of nature, are the main measures of change its content is explained. In the article, greening and beautification works in the regions, when using decorative plants in climatic and construction zones, selection of plants based on the analysis of bioecological characteristics, the use of the method of “adaptation - introduction” of the components of nature to the structure of the transport area, the design of the landscape environment of the cities of Uzbekistan issues of complex organization are analyzed. It is also recommended that the transformation of the slopes of the railway planters into cascading - floor-by-floor compositions using linear plantings of plants will open up new possibilities in the design of hills sloping down to city streets.

Analysis of the concentration of traffic flows in cities and towns when assessing the potential noise level in residential areas

The paper is aimed at analyzing the concentration of traffic flows that influence the noise pollution nature in the urban environment (using the city of Murom as an example). It has been established that the historically established structure of the city traffic flows, interregional freight traffic through the city, and, especially, the territorial division of the city into two large districts with natural restrictions on transport connections between them, lead to the formation of potentially increased noise level zones. Areas of the city territory where noise level measurements should be carried out were identified. Under these conditions, a conclusion was made about the relevance of creating a noise passport for large and small cities.

Geospatial analysis of the territory for solving urban planning problems

The purpose of the study is to conduct a geospatial analysis of the territory, taking into account urban planning characteristics, for the location of a shopping center. The study characterizes the factors that turn cities into diverse and complex forms of settlements that are constantly changing. The process of urban settlement, which is reflected in their space, is analyzed. It is determined that spatial factors lead to differences in the scale and shape of cities, types of development and methods of spatial planning. The necessity of studying the spatial structure of cities, which has the characteristics of a relatively complete theoretical justification and wide coverage, is established. It is determined that the process of spatial development of cities is multidimensional and complex, which is manifested in spatial planning, transformation of many functions and expansion of the territory. The direction of research on the spatial analysis of the selected city territory is determined. Various characteristics of the site are considered, including views, transport links, access and other constraints that may affect the future development of each approach to the shopping center. A spatial analysis of the shopping center location was conducted. This analysis determines the transport accessibility of the shopping center, the accessible distance to residential development, service areas, etc. It also determines which parts of the territory are suitable for a particular type of use. The results are obtained regarding the location of the shopping center in the city. The estimated number of regular visitors to the projected shopping center is determined, provided that the level of its attractiveness is the same as that of its competitors. The increase in the level of attractiveness of the projected shopping center in comparison with competitors is calculated. Based on the results of the geospatial analysis, the stages of design and survey work were developed to draw up a large-scale topographic basis for the development area.

Study of traffic safety on the street and road network of Ternopil

The road safety issues in the city of Ternopil are studied in this article. The found actual deficiencies were structured according to the main indicators. Based on the analysis of the movement of traffic flows in the morning period, the most problematic sections of the SRN (street and road network) were identified. In general, the speed of traffic flows along the SRN in the evening peak period was found significantly lower than in the morning peak period. To analyze road traffic safety in the city of Ternopil, a cartographic method was applied. Based the obtained results, the road accidents in Ternopil mostly occur along main streets without clearly defined places of concentration. In this regard, a conditional indicator of the danger of transport corridors of Ternopil was derived, which allows analyzing the predominant location (clustering) of road accidents with victims in each district of the city. The current policy and practices of Ternopil in the field of road safety management need improvement. However, the volume of performed measures does not fully cover the need in traffic safety insurance and information provision of traffic participants. In general, it can be stated that proactive actions in the field of ensuring traffic safety are just starting in Ternopil (“starting city”). Thus, it differs favorably from the vast majority of other regional centers, in which the problem of traffic safety has not been even discussed so far. In addition, the plan for sustainable urban mobility is under consideration in the Ternopil City Territorial Community.

FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LOCAL BUDGETS: PROBLEMS AND DIRECTIONS OF INCREASING EFFICIENCY

Objective. The objective of the present article is to identify problems and directions for improving the effectiveness of the formation and execution of budgets of territorial communities. Methods. In the research process, the following general scientific methods and methods of cognition were used: methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis (for researching theoretical aspects of the budget process at the local level, determining the main problems of the formation and implementation of local budgets, developing directions for improving the efficiency of the formation and implementation of local budgets), systemic generalization (to determine the influence of advantages and disadvantages of decentralization on local budgets), statistical analysis (to assess the effectiveness of formation and implementation of local budgets). Results. According to the results of the conducted research, the essence of local budgets, the positive and negative consequences of the impact of decentralization on local budgets were considered, the main areas of evaluation of the effectiveness of the formation and implementation of local budgets were determined (analysis of financial stability (balance, financial independence, overall effectiveness of the budget); analysis of efficiency (financial productivity, economic and social efficiency)). Based on the example of the the Kryvyi Rih City Territorial Community, an analysis of the main indicators of the formation and implementation, as well as the effectiveness of the budget during 2018 - 2022, was carried out, according to the results of which the general trends of increasing tax revenues, decreasing the implementation of planned indicators of budget expenditures, increasing the level of financial sustainability of the budget, multidirectional trends were established indicators of budget efficiency (increase in the indicator of financial productivity, social efficiency; decrease in the coefficient of economic efficiency). General problems in the management of revenues and expenditures of local budgets have been identified: limited budget resources; insufficient financial stability; problems of forming the revenue part of local budgets and the need to identify reserves for their increase; failure to receive possible income from rent and payment of land tax from land plots of communal property that are not used; application of minimum land tax rates; ineffective management of communal property; nonreceipt of personal income tax due to informal employment of the population; improper use of interbudgetary transfers; insufficient transparency of budget formation and execution. Areas of increasing the efficiency of local budgets have been determined (increasing the revenue and expenditure capacity of the budget and making tax payments; ensuring stability and effective use of available funds, effective risk management and ensuring openness, public accounting, optimization and improvement of cost efficiency, involvement of local residents and other stakeholders in the process formation of the budget, implementation of measures to support the development of local economic potential to provide additional sources of income and increase their efficiency).

FEATURES OF THE FORMATION, INTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE IRON-CONTAINING COMPONENT IN THE WATER SUSPENSION OF THE DNIEPER RIVER WITHIN ZAPORIZHZHIA CITY

The article presents the results of research devoted to one of the aspects of environmental issues, namely: the determination of the distribution features of the solid component of the river suspension containing iron oxide; investigation of the morphological characteristics of iron-containing particles; and the discovering of their genetic affiliation to various technological processes of metallurgical production. The results of many years of continuous comprehensive research on the distribution of iron in the suspended matter of the Dnieper water within Zaporizhzhia city are presented. Field observations were carried out by scientists of the Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGS) in cooperation with specialists from the State Institution “Scientific Hydrophysical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine” (SHC). Analytical studies of the solid phase of the suspended matter were done in the Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Educational and Scientific Institute “Institute of Geology” of Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University. The publication considers the seasonal features of the distribution of the total iron content in suspension and the relationship of its monthly changes with the distribution of concentrations of such heavy metals as copper, chromium, nickel, zinc. Considerable attention is paid to the examination of iron-containing particles present in suspension, their chemical and trace element composition and the allocation of their individual categories in accordance with the technogenic processes during which they were formed. Comprehensive analysis of suspension samples made it possible to identify and classify a group of typical iron-bearing formations that are inherent in the territory of Zaporizhzhia city. Based on a set of characteristics, three main genetic categories have been identified: spherical mineral aggregates represented by iron oxide; clastic fragments of Fe2O3, and aluminosilicate spherules (formation, the main or essential component of which is aluminum oxide with an admixture of iron). The obtained data showed a significant influence of the metallurgical industry on the chemical composition of the Dnieper suspension within Zaporizhzhia. Comparison of iron-containing particles observed in the Dnieper suspended matter with the substance filtered out by gas purification systems of various parts of metallurgical production and slag deposits showed that the most active emission to the environment occurs during the preparation and smelting of iron ore.

Датировка скальных виноградодавилен Юго-Западной Таврики в современной историографии

In the south-western area of Taurica, there are more than 230 stationary rock-cut wine-presses. From the moment when F. Dubois de Montpereux discovered them in the early 1830s, they became the subject of particular research. These production facilities for the primary processing of grapes testify to the agricultural specialization of the local population in the early Middle Ages. In the 1970s, the Soviet scholarship developed the “Khazar” interpretation of the origins and dating of the said wine-making complexes (from the eighth and ninth or ninth and tenth centuries). The evidence base for this attribution is presented by E. V. Veimarn’s publications. Hypothetically, the flourishing of local winemaking was associated with the conquest of the Crimean Peninsula by the Khazars, in result of which safe trade routes towards the Khazar khanate developed to make the latter the main outlet for the Crimean wine, which was exported in locally produced Black Sea amphorae. In the future, the said interpretation gained support from V. N. Danilenko, A. I. Aibabin, A. G. Gertsen, and other researchers. The modern historiography, such as the articles of A. G. Gertsen, V. E. Naumenko, and other scholars, hypothesized a narrower dating of the Crimean wineries from the second half of the ninth to the first half of the tenth century (“Byzantine” version). The publication of the materials from the backfill of winery no. 10 at Mangup and carved-in-bedrock pits in the vicinity of the Eski-Kermen wine-presses, which were covered during the construction of new quarter I, clearly defined the chronology when typologically closed wine-presses ceased to exist as the second half of the tenth century. The researchers have explained the beginning of their construction as the purposeful policy of the Byzantine empire for the development of this region following the establishment of the theme of Klimata in 841. This is indicated by the similarity of the Crimean rock-cut wine-presses and similar complexes discovered in Byzantine Anatolia. Local viticulture and winemaking corresponded to common Byzantine traditions. There is no direct connection between the dates when the production of the Black Sea amphorae started in the Crimea and the functioning of the rock-cut wineries. Presumably, the manufacture of grooved amphorae (A. L. Iakobson’s variant 2 or class 36 of the Chersonese classification of 1995) was related to the production of wine in the South-Western Taurica. From the finds of the said amphorae both on the sites of the Saltovo-Maiaki culture and on the territory of the coastal Byzantine cities and towns there are reasons to reconstruct a more extensive trading network in Crimean wine than it was considered before.