Territorial Structure Research Articles

Комплексная оценка пространственного развития Ростовской области

At present, such a scientific category as the spatial development of territories is still insufficiently studied and in need of further conceptualization. And although the main directions of the country’s and region’s spatial development are presented in scientific discourse and government documents, their implementation in the region requires their specification, taking into account regional natural resource conditions, the characteristics of the socio-economic and environmental development of territorial entities. The present study attempts to fill this gap. It is devoted to presenting the results of the development of an original methodology for assessing the level of spatial development at the regional level. The Rostov region was chosen as the object under study, on the example of which the essence of the developed methodology is revealed. The presented methodology includes spatial differentiation of the territory, establishing the territorial structure of the region, determining the level of socio-economic and environmental development of territorial entities, assessing their balance, identifying problems and prospects for spatial development. In addition, this paper highlights the main factors of the spatial development of the region, which include economic, demographic, natural resource potentials, the state of the environment, the level and quality of life of the population. In the work, on the basis of calculated and detailed integral indicators for each municipality of the Rostov region, the territorial features of socio-economic and environmental development and the main problems of the spatial development of the Rostov region are established, the territories that are characterized by the maximum imbalance of development are identified.

Территориальная структура профессионального футбола в Северо-Кавказском федеральном округе

Introduction. The article examines the territorial structure of football on the territory of the North Caucasus Federal District. Spatial analysis of the functioning of professional football clubs has shown the presence of several periods of football development in the region. At the present stage, the territorial structure is narrowed, the professional level of football has been preserved only in the regional capitals and cities of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. Two types of intraregional territorial structure of football are distinguished. The monocentric type is characteristic of Chechnya, Ingushetia and Karachay-Cherkessia. During the transformation, the monocentric structure also became in Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia and Dagestan. Stavropol Krai is characterized by a polycentric territorial structure. Materials and research method. In the course of the study, a spatial analysis of the development of professional football clubs was carried out, methods of comparative geographical and historical geographical description and analysis were used. Research results and their discussion. Four stages in the development of the territorial structure of football in the NCFD have been identified. At the moment, there is a reduction in the number of professional football clubs and a contraction of their territorial network. This reduction occurred sequentially. The large number of clubs in the region in the early 1990s is explained by the transition from the Soviet football hierarchy and the rise of semi-professional clubs in the Russian football league system. In 1994, there was a sharp decline in the number of football clubs in the region. By the end of the 1990s, the football network was recovering and growing. A new decline occurred in the second half of the 2000s. After a short period of stability in 2014, the maximum compression of the network occurs. To date, the number of clubs has grown slightly. Conclusions. Professional football in the NCFD has gone through different periods in its development and has experienced a transformation – from a deep underdeveloped periphery in the Soviet period through expansion and development in the 2000s to compression and simplification in modern times. There are four periods in the change of the territorial structure of professional football in the region, each of which had its own characteristics and the main centers of the region. At the moment, the territorial structure of football is narrowed, it has been preserved only in the regional capitals and cities of the CMW, which was primarily due to economic reasons. Two types of intraregional territorial structure are distinguished – monocentric and polycentric. The main centers of the territorial structure of football in the region are regional capitals.

Контрастность границ между российскими регионами по траекториям достижения национальных целей развития

The relevance of the study lies in the fact that when studying socio-geographical borders, the main attention has been paid to state borders and their impact on the socio-economic development of border and cross-border regions. The object of the study is the system of national development goals of Russia, and the subject of the study is the spatial and temporal inequality in achieving development goals between Russian regions. The aim of the study is to determine the differences between neighboring regions of Russia along the trajectories of achieving national development goals in order to identify contrasting borders and clarify the emerging territorial structure. The values of 19 indicators of achievement of national development goals in 2021–2030 for 85 Russian regions are used. The sequence of isolation of individual regions and groups of regions using contrasting borders is determined. This made it possible to identify a specific territorial structure for achieving the national development goals of the Russian Federation, consisting in the existence of a capital territory that differs from all, surrounded by regions with relatively similar rates of achieving the goals and “displacing” contrasting regions to the southern (south-western) and northern (north-western) state borders in European part of Russia, as well as beyond Ural Mountains. This structure differs significantly from the distribution of Russian regions by Federal Districts, clusters of promising economic specialization, macro-regions and geostrategic territories. Due to the relative divergence of the trajectories of the development of regions within the federal districts, it is possible to assume the complexity of effective coordination in achieving the set goals through the system of federal districts of Russia. The macro-regions and geostrategic territories approved in the spatial development strategy, according to their territorial structure, also cannot be used to coordinate the trajectories of achieving national goals. The results obtained can be used to adjust national goals and monitor the implementation of the schedule for achieving the goals. Seven directions of further research are proposed.

Attitude to the family of urban and rural residents

Contradictory phenomena in family and marriage relations, in relation to family and children in modern society, have, among other things, a territorial and settlement aspect. The overwhelming majority of respondents (residents of different territorial settlement structures) recognize the family as hope and support in life. Residents of villages and small towns show higher ratings of the family (its significance, value); residents of the megalopolis show noticeably less high ratings of the family. The differences in the assessments of the family among different social groups suggest the need to search for special approaches in socio-economic, socio-cultural, and demographic policy in relation to the development of different territorial settlement structures. The study of people's needs in the family variant of living and the search for options for social planning and management, taking into account the needs of family collectives, can be considered a promising area of scientific research and practical municipal and regional management.

МУНИЦИПАЛЬНАЯ ПУБЛИЧНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА В КОНТЕКСТЕ УКРУПНЕНИЯ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ

The purpose of the article is to present the results of a study of municipal public policy (hereinafter MPP) in the Vologda Municipal District in 2023 in the context of reforming the local government system. The basis of the concept under study is laid within the framework of bill No. 40361-8 “On the general principles of the organization of local self-government in a unified system of public authority.” The latest bill proposes a reform that “centralizes” local government (hereinafter LSG), significantly changing the principles of its territorial and organizational structure. In particular, by consolidating municipalities through the abolition of the settlement level and the transition to a single-level LSG model; this significantly reduces its powers, transferring a significant part of them to the discretion of the regions. In a system of public authority created on this basis, local self-government may face a lack of representativeness of public interests and the final loss of its own purpose. The multi-layered nature of the concept of MPP allows us to assess the optimal balance between the political and administrative properties of state and municipal authorities, that combines administrative regulation and the use of forms of public participation. Based on the index approach, the features of the state of institutions and mechanisms of MPP in the municipal district are presented according to the criteria of consistency and indicators of the completeness of the functionality of actors and subjects of MPP, its typological features are identified and analyzed, which make it possible to minimize the negative consequences of the transition to a new model of the territorial and organizational structure of local authorities in the Vologda region areas.

Diachronic analysis of medieval livestock and present-day bullfighting livestock: effects on territorial structure in Cádiz province (Spain)

La importancia de la ganadería en la estructuración productiva del territorio gaditano se ha documentado desde la baja Edad Media, cuando el arrendamiento de pastos perfila una divisoria entre aprovechamientos agrícolas y ganaderos, respectivamente al norte y al sur del río Guadalete y su principal afluente, el Majaceite. La expansión agrícola hacia el sur ha enmascarado los factores geográficos causantes de esa nítida distribución original. Su análisis permite detectar patrones locacionales similares a los actuales recintos asociados a la ganadería de lidia. En conclusión, la coevolución de ganadería y paisaje en la campiña gaditana ha definido las líneas básicas de la estructura territorial originando un excepcional patrimonio natural e histórico-cultural, señas de identidad a conservar como activo fundamental en la necesaria reactivación territorial.

Theoretical and methodological issues of creating the “ECO FERGANA” mobile application of tourist objects and resources of Fergana region

In this article, based on the creation, grouping and classification of a database of tourist sites and resources of the Fergana region in the ArcGIS program, an electronic map of ecotourism in the Fergana region was created, as well as issues of creation, design and methodology. A cartographic basis for managing tourism in the region according to its territorial structure has been developed. Tourist resources, development factors and objects of the Fergana region, identified on a cartographic basis, have been identified. A mobile application “Eco Fergana” has been developed, which evaluates the possibilities of using these components and forms the basis of the regional tourism organization. The appendix evaluates the bioclimatic level of tourist conditions in the region (plain, mountain and foothill areas). The map serves to determine the economic and geographical opportunities for tourism development, divide them into regions, develop new tourist routes, and attract a flow of tourists to these objects. Based on the application, the geographical location of the Fergana region, specialization, and convenience of transport routes for transferring excursion routes are shown. Based on an assessment of the potential of tourism resources (high, medium, low), the boundaries of tourist regions are identified. Based on new tourist routes of a complex type (ecological, agricultural, business, pilgrimage, historical, archaeological, extreme, recreational, gastronomic, industrial) at the regional level, these directions are highlighted on the map.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FORMATION OF AN EFFECTIVE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR BUILDING A FAIR INNOVATIVE KAZAKHSTAN

This article examines the challenges associated with forming an effective system of public administration and local self-government within the executive branch of government. It specifically focuses on the proposals made by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan regarding the improvement of the country’s administrative and territorial structure, the decentralization of public administration, and the development of local self-government. The planned structural economic reforms necessitate a comprehensive reboot of the public administration system. The authors identify fundamental issues and present the conceptual foundations for decentralizing the public administration system. This approach is grounded in functional analysis and emphasizes the importance of establishing an effective system of public administration and local self-government as a crucial condition for building a fair and innovative Kazakhstan.

КОНСТИТУЦИОННО-ПРАВОВАЯ ДОКТРИНА ПУБЛИЧНОЙ ВЛАСТИ И ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЕ И ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫЕ ПРЕДЕЛЫ ВЛАСТИ

The article examines how changes in the territorial and spatial structure of the state are reflected in the mechanism of public authority. The trends of transformation of the category "territory" are indicated, the issues of its possible replacement by the category "space" are considered. The features of federal territories, reflecting the specifics of the territorial structure of the state, the features and strategic goals of developing a part of the territory of the state without changing the form of the state structure, are considered. The trends in the development of the doctrine of public authority are revealed, taking into account the peculiarities of the territorial and spatial development of the state.

Система расселения Монголии и ее опорный каркас: особенности, динамика, эффекты

The peculiarities of the hierarchy of administrative-territorial division and the system of settlements of Mongolia are revealed. Somons (330 in total) – the second level of this division - were accepted as the initial territorial units of the study. The dynamics for 1980-2021 of the population of the country as a whole is considered, the trends of changes in the number and proportion of urban (including Ulaanbaatar) and rural (including nomadic) populations are clarified. It is established that the main demographic indicators of Mongolia are significantly more favorable than similar indicators of neighboring Siberian regions of Russia. A significant differentiation of population dynamics by somons and urban settlements over the past two decades has been revealed. It is determined that in conditions of constant natural population growth, an important contribution to the formation of its territorial structure was made by the migration factor, primarily migration from rural areas to the capital and individual aimag centers. The basic framework of settlement is highlighted, which is formed by the capital and the centers of the aimags (as nodal elements) and the railways connecting them and the main national paved roads (as linear elements). A high effect of the importance of linear elements of the frame (highways) has been established for the concentration of the population of Mongolia. At the same time, the size of the effect of saving actual distances in the framework of the country compared to the theoretical ones is insignificant, which indicates a relatively uniform placement of centers compared, for example, with a more heterogeneous Siberia. The main problems of the settlement system of Mongolia and its supporting framework are formulated, possible directions of their solution in the future are outlined.

The Environmental Dimension of City Dwellers’ Quality of Life and the City’s Social and Spatial Variability

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to attempt an analysis of the environmental dimension of the quality of life using quantitative surveys conducted among residents of Gdansk. In the paper, we make reference to the theoretical assumptions ensuing from the concept of a comprehensive and integrated approach to the development of the urban environment, whilst noting the profound impact humans bring to their evaluation of the environmental components. The paper focuses primarily on the inhabitants’ attitudes to the environmental values of their place of residence in relation to things such as the condition and accessibility of green areas, air quality, potable water quality and noise intensity. The surveys indicate that views on the city’s environmental values are determined by numerous factors, such as the city’s territorial structure (districts) and its demographic structure (sex, age), and psychosocial features, such as a subjective sense of mental well-being.

ТАЛАССОЦЕНТРИРОВАННОСТЬ ПРИМОРСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ РОССИИ: СЕЛИТЕБНОЕ И ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ

In the XXI century, the development of the resource potential of the World Ocean is the basic condition for socio-economic development; this problem is also actualized for modern Russia, initiating the focus of human-geographical research, including directly on the coastal territories. The article is devoted to the conceptualization, parameterization and typologization of the phenomenon of “displacement to the sea” of the components of the spatial structure (residential and economic) of coastal territories, defined as “thalassocentricity”. The causes, manifestations and consequences of the thalassocentricity of multi-scale territorial socioeconomic systems are revealed, the place and role of this category in the conceptual and categorical apparatus of Human geography are shown. Based on demographic and economic statistics for 155 Russian municipalities with direct access to the sea, a multi-criteria assessment of the degree and dynamics (for 2010–2021) of the thalassocentricity of the coastal subjects of the Russian Federation is proposed. It was found that out of 26 coastal regions of the country, in six (Khabarovsk Krai, Kalmykia, Karelia, Yakutia, as well as the “new” – DNR and Zaporozhye Region), the effects of thalassocentricity occur exclusively at the local level (closing in the contour of the coastal municipalities), in two more (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Krasnoyarsk Krai) according to as marine economic activity increases, they spread to the vast Arctic periphery. The remaining 18 are classified as thalasso centered.

Оцінка динаміки зміни водонафтових контактів та встановлення ефективних товщин за результатами комплексних геофізичних досліджень

The purpose of the work is to assess the reliability of the results of geological and geophysical studies of complex-constructed Neogene deposits by electrical methods and to develop optimally reliable approaches to the selection of hydrocarbon-saturated rocks with an assessment of their reservoir parameters. In addition, to establish the factors that affect the ambiguity of geological and geophysical conclusions in the process of research of complex lithological and stratigraphic strata, which ultimately causes the omission of reservoir rocks saturated with hydrocarbons. The obtained experimental results of the research of the core material taken from the wells of the adjacent gas condensate fields made it possible to identify the main factors and parameters that determine the filtration-capacity parameters of Neogene deposits. Based on the above, there is a need to substantiate and develop methodological aspects of the use of electrical methods to determine the nature of reservoir rock saturation and to determine the dynamics of water-gas-condensate contacts. The subject of research is the electrical parameters of water- and gas-saturated reservoir rocks. In addition, the substantiation of the effect of pressure and temperature on the performance of electrical methods in the process of researching complex-constructed Neogene reservoir rocks and the peculiarities of the dynamics of changes in water-oil and gas-water contacts. The decrease in oil and gas production from complex geological sections is due to both economic and technological factors that arise in the process of researching the lithological and stratigraphic strata of the Bilche-Volytsa zone. The geological structure of the above-mentioned territories is extremely complex and represents, in particular in the Bilche-Volitsa zone, a classically expressed wing of the platform type, weakly dislocated by upper Miocene molasses.

Specific features of the energy sector in Russia’s eastern regions and their influence on shaping the Eastern direction in the new geopolitical landscape

The paper presents an analysis of regional features of energy systems in the eastern regions of Russia. The analysis aims to identify their effect on the development of the territorial and production structure of the energy sector, energy consumption, the transportation infrastructure, the export of energy resources to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, and the efficiency of energy supply to consumers in the off-grid and hard-to-reach territories. Several categories of features are distinguished for the regional energy systems in the eastern regions of Russia. These are socio-economic, infrastructural, sectoral, environmental, and climatic. All these features are interrelated and require consideration when building the energy development scenarios, in particular those with a focus on the transition to low-carbon technologies.

Philippines. Economic and Social Activities of a Religious Institute: The Example of the Diocese of Butuan

In the study, the authors consider the territorial and administrative structure of the Philippine’s Roman Catholic Church (RCC) and the factors of its transformation at the present stage in the context of the importance of the religious institution in the economic and social life of society. The purpose of a comprehensive study is to identify the economic, social, territorial and institutional aspects of the RCC’s activities in the Philippines and to identify the areas on which it has a significant impact. The model of relations between the RCC and the state in the Philippines is not typical for the Asia-Pacific region. This fact allows the authors stating that the experience of their implementation may be relevant for solving issues related to the formation and development of the confessional space of Russian regions, including the Far East, in social and economic aspects. For an objective characterization of the elements of the confessional space in the presented study the mathematical and statistical tools were used. By analyzing the available data published in English, the main directions of the project activities of non-profit Catholic organizations in the field of economic and social development of the country were identified. The authors reveal that the RCC actively implements activities in the field of social responsibility at the regional and local levels by allocating its own funds, labor resources, providing for the use of its buildings for religious and other purposes for organizing and holding socially significant events, in many ways contra-typing state functions. Finally, the authors conclude that the RCC in the Philippines is an influential institution that plays a significant role in various areas of the country’s economy and contains prospects for expanding the field of its activities in the mentioned direction

The Roman Catholic Church of Chile: a comprehensive description of the majority religious organization

A comprehensive description of the national Roman Catholic Church is presented on the example of one of the Latin American countries. Based on the synthesis of initial information and analytical processing of data presented on the official electronic web-sites of individual dioceses of the National Catholic Church of Chile, the main types of social activities of the majority religious institute of the country are revealed. The results prove the fact that despite the sharp decline in adherents of Catholicism in the population structure in recent decades, the Church remains an influential public institution that duplicates some functions of the state. Providing material support to the poor and vulnerable segments of the population, advisory assistance in the adaptation of immigrants, vocational training and retraining of those who need employment, conducting public educational and cultural events, etc. are highlighted among the types of social responsibility implemented by the Roman Catholic Church of Chile. The territorial and administrative structure of the religious organization under consideration is reflected in detail. The coefficient of territorial concentration/diversification` is calculated. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that there is a high degree of unevenness in the placement of church parishes of the Roman Catholic Church of Chile within the country.

Opportunities for local fishing action groups for transformation of rural areas

The importance of territorial governance structures in the context of neo-endogenous and locally based development is increasing for the development of rural areas in the European Union. EU policy and practice of involving stakeholders and building public-private partnerships (PPPs) are among the main tools for implementing this type of governance in rural and fishing areas. Local Action Groups (LAGs) and Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) work within the framework of Community-Led Local Development (CLLD) and ensure the participation of local residents in the planning and implementation of their Local Development Strategies (LDSs). The purpose of the report is to assess the distribution, development and problems of FLAGs and their role in the transformations and development of fishing territories. Opportunities and guidelines for their development during the current programming period should be presented on this basis. In the assessment of the development and problems of FLAGs, information from primary and secondary sources was used for the implementation of the Maritime and Fisheries Operational Programme (MFOP) and for the implementation of the Community-Led Local Development approach.

Cameroon: Problems of National Development

Cameroon: Problems of National Development

Морфотипный подход в изучении пространственно-планировочной организации городского ландшафта (на примере города Cтаврополя)

Introduction. The article discusses the features of spatial planning organization of urban landscape in Stavropol based on the selection and analysis of morphotypes of urban buildings, as spatial and territorial formations of the same type of functional, historical and planning structure, formed by choice, architectural and temporary objects, and undergoing constant change, taking into account the development of urban environment. The study gives general assessment of the importance of identifying morphotypes of the urban landscape and the possibility of morphotype consideration at different stages of the analysis of its territorial organization and structure. Materials and research methods. The work is based on the analysis of historical cartographic material, topographic plans and modern data of remote sensing of the Earth. The main methods for studying the urban landscape are historical, diachronic analysis, cartographic, aerospace, GIS technologies. Research results and their discussion. The historical prerequisites for the formation of morphotypes of the Stavropol urban landscape are revealed. A diachronic analysis of the landscape of the city of Stavropol was carried out in the period from 1777 to 2022, and on its basis, a map of the formation of the spatial planning organization of the urban landscape was developed. The main morphotypes of the development of the city of Stavropol are determined. The analysis of changes in the morphotype of the urban landscape was carried out by the example of a city quarter with determination of important quantitative indicators characterizing the intra-quarter morphology of the urban space. Conclusions. As a result of the morphotype analysis of urban landscape, it is possible to obtain data that allow carrying out a landscape-ecological assessment of the urban environment, assessing the current and future state of the spatial planning organization of the urban landscape, regulating urban development and forming the urban environment. It also provides an opportunity to determine the vector of city development in the spatial, socio-economic and landscapeecological respect.

The radio broadcasting formation in Sumy region in the 20-30s of the 20th century

Introduction. The development of radio broadcasting in Sumy region is ambiguous. On the one hand, this process took place in the context of the development of radio broadcasting in Soviet Ukraine in general, on the other hand, it had certain features that were due to a number of both objective and subjective reasons, in particular, the territorial and administrative structure of Sumy region in the 20-30s 20th century. Relevance and goal. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that it makes it possible to introduce unknown or little-known facts related to the formation of radio broadcasting in the 20-30s of the 20th century into the scientific circulation of journalism in Sumy region. The goal of the article is to organize data on the peculiarities of the formation of radio broadcasting in Sumy region in the 20-30s of the 20th century. Methodology. Historical, retrospective methods, the method of document analysis and system analysis were used to study the outlined issue. The results. Radiofication in the Sumy region began in 1920 and was determined by the socio-economic need – the delivery of information to the population in the shortest possible way, and the mobilization of workers. First of all, “radio” came to the northern district towns of Sumy region, where industry was most developed. 1920–1922 were key in the spread of radio on the territory of Sumy region. The next stage of radio broadcasting dates back to 1924, it is connected with the beginning of its own broadcasting in Ukraine. The number of receiving radio stations is increasing. Attention was also paid to rural areas, especially to those settlements where the process of collectivization was successful. We have been observing the revival of radiography since the beginning of the 30s of the 20th century. This was especially true in rural areas. The spread of radio broadcasting was mostly entrusted to local organizations – collective farms, cooperatives, etc., which were supposed to provide funds. The final stage of radio broadcasting in Sumy region was the creation of the Sumy region State Radio Studio in August 1939. Conclusions. The process of radio broadcasting in Sumy region in the 20-30s of the 20th century reflects the main stages and regularities that occurred at that time in general. However, the territorial-administrative structure of the Sumy region had a significant influence on him.