Economic Development Of Territories Research Articles

Оценка вклада корпоративных структур строительного бизнеса в экономическое развитие территорий

The article considers the development of methodology for assessing the contribution of corporate structures of the construction business to the economic development of territories. In the article, a specific theoretical approach is used, i. e. when choosing the instruments of regional administration, it is required to use precisely those, which with a minimum impact will lead to maximum effectiveness. When working on this hypothesis, appropriate estimates are used to assess the contribution of large corporate structures of the construction business to the creation of the Gross Regional Product with the usage of correlation- regression models. The adoption of effective management decisions to a large extent depends on the selection of the right areas of impact on those types of businesses that form the largest share of value-added. This approach allows us to highlight the tools to support the corporate structures of the construction business in developing the economic policy of the region.

Инструменты стимулирования экономического развития территорий

Инструменты стимулирования экономического развития территорий

КООПЕРАЦІЯ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ ЧЕРКАСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ

The nominal increase of gross agricultural output does not ensure adequate socio-economic development of rural areas and improvement of rural populations’ life quality. There is important to create favorable conditions for comprehensive development of rural territories, formation of a highly efficient competitive agricultural sector at level of regions and country as a whole. It becomes important effective use of rural territories potential, in particular the development of cooperation as an effective tool for forming a competitive entrepreneurial environment. The purpose of the article is to substantiate place and role of cooperation in ensuring the revival and sustainable development of Cherkassy region rural areas. The article deals with the role of cooperatives in ensuring rural territories economic development at Cherkassy region, in particular agricultural service cooperatives. The quantitative characteristics of agricultural service cooperatives of Cherkassy region are presented, in particular: number of cooperatives and their participants, volume of services provided, size of unit fund, number of workplaces created. The peculiarities of cooperatives financial support at the region, in particular by costs of local budgets and grant financing, are investigated. The examples of financing involvement in agricultural cooperatives development at Cherkassy region are considered. Existing deficiencies have been identified and characterized. The peculiarities of farms and peasant households functioning at Cherkassy region as potential participants of cooperatives which produce one third of region agricultural production are investigated. There was investigated their logistical and personnel support level, employment trends in rural areas, level of employees’ education, level of agricultural land development, structure of agricultural production, technical support level of production process. Three-component model of rural territories economic development, key role in which the state belongs, was proposed. The main obstacles that hamper the cooperation development in rural areas of Cherkassy region are characterized. The advantages of merging small producers into agricultural service cooperatives are presented.

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД: ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД

Дана стаття присвячена висвітленню наукових положень світового досвіду забезпечення сталого розвитку територій з обґрунтуванням ключових моментів для використання вітчизняними об’єднаними територіальними громадами. В процесі дослідження обґрунтовано сутність поняття «економічний розвиток громади» у поглядах зарубіжних вчених, висвітлено генезис підходів до забезпечення розвитку локальних територій. Досліджено основні складові та параметри соціально-економічного розвитку громад у зарубіжній практиці. Узагальнено теоретичні підходи щодо економічного розвитку територій та сформовано перелік теорій місцевого економічного розвитку, розроблених світовою науковою спільнотою. Виокремлено ключові засади місцевого соціально-економічного розвитку на основі зарубіжного досвіду і визначено основні шляхи їх забезпечення у вітчизняних об’єднаних територіальних громадах.

Assessment of the economic activity greening level and the green economy development directions

Sustainable development is a priority in a modern world. The essence of sustainable development is to ensure such economic growth that allows to preserve the natural environment for present and future generations. One of the effective tools for this is the development of green economy. The authors consider the problems of sustainable development and a green economy on the example of Russia. The purpose of the study: (1) to develop a method for assessing the development of a green economy based on a comparison of environmental and economic indicators; (2) to test this method on the materials of the Russian regions, to assess their economic activity greening level; (3) to offer recommendations for improving policies and regulation in the development of the green economy. In this study, in order to assess the level of ecologization of the regional economy, a method of assessing ecological and economic territorial development is used, based on the calculation of the integral index. This technique allows for a comparative analysis of Russian regions in terms of environmental and economic development. The authors give a comparative quantitative assessment of the level of greening of the Russian regions. On this basis, the priorities and directions of development of the green economy are proposed. It is recommended to use these proposals in the regulation of regional development in order to achieve the main goal – sustainable development. These recommendations do not reflect only the specifics of the Russian Federation, and therefore may also be applicable in the international practice.

DEVELOPMENT MODELING OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMY IN THE INDUSTRY 4.0 CONDITIONS

The development of the Russian economy should take into account the implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept. This concept does not have clear assessment parameters. Estimating such parameters is problematic. The development of high-tech industries is one of the main objectives of the implementation of Industry 4.0. Prediction of economic development in modern conditions is possible on the basis of mathematical modeling methods. The difference in technological stage of the domestic economy determines the feasibility of a regional approach. Agent-based modeling is the optimal approach to solving this problem. This approach allows simulating the activities of agents. The simulated environment sets the conditions for the agents to function. A gravitational model proposed to assess the economic system functioning environment. The proposed gravitational model allows us to assess the relationship between regions on the basis of high-tech trade. The approbation carried in the Sverdlovsk region conditions. As a result of the study established, the development of the Sverdlovsk region high-tech environment, covering the main industrial regions of The Urals, Volga and Siberian federal districts, and the Central Region. Purpose: Construction of the spatial development an assessing model of high-tech environment in the agent-oriented model of territories economic development in the Industry 4.0 conditions. Methodology: methods of system, structural and logical analysis, tools of gravitational modeling. Results: The proposed gravitational model allowed us to assess the interregional interrelations of Sverdlovsk region on the basis of high-tech trade. Practical implications: The results can be useful for assessing the environment of the economic system in the context of Industry 4.0 in the agent-oriented approach.

Economic development management in a water-capacious economy

The world tendencies of spatial development, namely the availability of limited resources (primarily water) and the growth of the world’s food needs focus on the resource specialization of the region. On this basis, the purpose of the article is to study the impact of the water-capacious economy on the economic development of the country and its regions. The study used the traditional and special methods, including: historical and logical method – to analyze the functioning of regional socio-economic systems under limited water resources; and system analysis methods – to evaluate the impact of the water-capacious economy on the economic development of the country and its regions. The research results have important implications for the management of the territories. The authors show that the production specialization of the regions of Ukraine on the export/import of water-capacious products is not determined by their water supply. They also suggest that stimulating the region’s water-efficient activity should lead to a minimization of the water capacity of gross regional product and the reproduction of water capital, taking into account the water security of the regions. The authors also show that the water resources of the country and its regions and the natural water potential of the territories in the current situation become significant restriction to the economic development of territories, which allows to state the need to change the approaches to the regulation of regional development based on limited water resources.

Innovative and Technological Development of the Russian Arctic

The article presents an analysis of the innovative and technological development of the Russian Arctic. Innovative development has a great significance for the economy of the country. Economic development of territories should be based on new knowledge and innovation. The purpose of the study is to assess the innovative and technological development of the Russian Arctic in order to forecast and create a strategy for the Russian Arctic based on knowledge and innovation. The author issues theoretical approaches to the problem of innovative and technological development of countries. The author suggests a methodology for innovative analysis and assesses the innovative and technological index of the Russian Arctic regions using the index method based on integrated index calculation. The analysis is based on the official data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation of 2015. The results of the study show that Arctic regions can be divided into three groups, namely: 1) regions with a high level of innovative and technological development (Krasnoyarsk region); 2) regions with a medium level of innovative and technological development (Arkhangelsk region, Komi Republic, Yamalo-Nenets and Chukotka Autonomous Areas); 3) the least developed regions (Nenets Autonomous Area). The results of the study can be used to create a strategy of innovative and technological development for each group of Russian Arctic regions.

Promoting Eco-Innovation in Academic Eco-Systems

AbstractUniversity incubators are an opportunity to promote the dissemination of research, change teaching practices and contribute to territorial economic development. In this article we present a structural and dynamic analysis of such an innovation system of a Swedish eco-innovation system by proposing elements for analysing the success of such innovation systems.

FORMATION AN INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES

The object of the study is to monitor the economic development of territories. As a result, a detailed analysis revealed the absence of a single action algorithm for diag-nosing the economic development of territories. As a result of the analysis of the ter-minological apparatus, the essence of monitoring the economic development of territo-ries is clarified, by which is meant the process of measuring, fixing, evaluating, con-trolling, analyzing and forecasting key characteristics based on information technolo-gies and intended for current and strategic goals of managing the country’s territory. The paper proposes a model for the formation of an information-analytical system for monitoring the economic development of territories, based on the use of IDEF0 func-tional modeling and includes a specific set of stages, each of which solves a set of tasks with an indication of mechanisms and tools. The practical implementation of a functional model for the formation of an information-analytical system for monitoring the economic development of territories will effectively organize the collection of information, objectively assess the dynamics of changes in the regions, and also forecast the development of economic processes in the country.

Geopolitical Changes as a Stimulus for Integrated Development of Transport and Logistics Systems in Eastern Siberia and Mongolia

There are global changes associated with many factors in the external environment of economic systems at the present time. The influence of environmental factors on economic systems and their complex interaction is a significant scientific problem. The authors analyze the complex of external factors in terms of their impact on the development of transport and logistics systems in Eastern Siberia and Mongolia. The geopolitical factor is the most important one. Degree of influence of the geopolitical factor on the prerequisites for integration of transport and logistics systems in Eastern Siberia and Mongolia in relation to other factors (geographical location, economic development of territories, historical relationship) is estimated. The role of the «New Silk Road» concept for integration of transport and logistics systems of Eastern Siberia and Mongolia is emphasized. Recommendations for the executive and legislative authorities aimed at enhancement of efficiency in cooperation of two countries are given, taking into account the prevailing economic environmental conditions.

Higher Education in the Far Eastern Macroregion: Compliance with Development Needs and Demand

This research article studies the compliance of educational services offer in the macroregional (Far Eastern Federal District) system of higher education with the needs of the social and economic development of the territory and the demand for these services. Accelerating the growth of the economic potential of the Far Eastern region requires the availability and training of highly qualified personnel in the region to serve the needs of a developing economy. The purpose of the article, as set by the authors, was to analyse the correspondence of the Far Eastern macroregional higher education system to the current and future needs of its social and economic development, as well as to the applicants’ demand. The research, in the context of each subject of the Russian Federation as a part of the Far Eastern Federal District, studied the state supply of training specialists with higher education. This supply was compared with the relevant personnel’s current and future economic needs. In addition, the figures on the population’s demand for higher education programmes were studied, and then correlated with the structure and scope of supply in the context of integrated groups of specialties. The study is based on the data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation and the website of the Unified Information System to support the activities of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. As a result, for most regions of the Far East the study revealed the non-compliance of the system of personnel training with the needs of social and economic development of territories and with the demand of the population. The authors see the solution of this problem in redistributing responsibilities of federal, regional, and macroregional bodies of higher education, in strengthening the mechanisms for taking into account the capabilities and needs of territories when determining the structure and scope of higher education services for the medium term.

Universities and Business: Prospects of Development of Diffused Structures and Processes

Universities are in a state of active transformation both in the field of developing technologies for creating, storing and transmitting knowledge and in their organizational development. The globalization of education and research markets has formed a steady trend of universities' integration. The last decade sees the general process of institutes merging in many countries. Active reorganization of universities through their integration took place in theRussian Federationas well. Currently, the focus of organizational development of universities is shifting from intra-system restructuring to the formation of project and structural partnerships with key stakeholders, primarily belonging to the sphere of business. The impulse to searching new solutions in the universities' transformations originates from a whole range of state programs. Thus, in many regions of the Russian Federation 2017 saw the start of work on forming university centres of innovation, technological and social development of regions in partnership with enterprises and organizations. According to the results of the 2017 competitive selection, 51 universities received the status of such centres, including 22 key, 3 national research and 10 federal universities from 39 regions. Within the national technology development initiative, the project to create 15 research and educational centres puts forward theoretical and applied issues on designing a new type of universities' structural organization, which would represent diffusion, interpenetration of universities and their key stakeholders. This article aims at discussing the readiness of universities and their partners to create such structures, as well as at analysing existing practices, and institutional constraints. The study is new, as it introduces the term «dif- fuse structures» denoting a new type of weakly formalized universities with key stakeholders, and analyzes the level of maturity of such structures based on surveys. The purpose of the article is to study the attitude of regional stakeholders of universities to the formation and development of diffuse structures and processes that ensure effective interaction for solving the objectives of social and economic development of territories and industries.

Spatial polarization of peripheral territories of Stavropol Krai on the level of social and economic development

The research of a condition of peripheral territories is of special interest within formation of a spatial paradigm of development of regional social and economic system. Differentiation of level of social and economic development of peripheral territories is natural process and is subject to complex studying for formation of adequate instruments of management within spatial social and economic policy. In article special attention is paid to formation of system and diagnostic approach for identification of level of social and economic development of territories on the basis of the composite indicator and also to justification and calculation of indicators of unevenness of development of peripheral territories.

Spatial Development of Russia: Regional Disproportions

Introduction. The topic of interregional differentiation is relevant due to the existing increase in disproportions in the Russian regions, which has an impact on the development of the state economy. The main objective of the study is to assess the level of interregional differentiation. Materials and Methods. The study used the indicator of “general entropy”, in particular, the Theil index. The research methodology includes economic and mathematical methods of data processing, statistical data analysis packages, etc. Results. In the course of the work, the research tasks were set and fulfilled: the development of Russian regions in the period of structural transformations was analyzed; indicators making it possible to assess the level of economic development of territories were provided; a coefficient was chosen, based on the calculation of which the level of interregional differentiation was estimated; the level of interregional differentiation was assessed. It has been proved that the periods of economic growth are characterized by faster rates of development of weak regions due to the state support and redistribution of budgetary funds mitigating territ orial differences. During the periods of economic recession, the state support is provided to the regions with competitive advantages, capable of changing the negative dynamics of the country’s economic development in order to accelerate economic growth. Discussion and Conclusion. The results achieved can be used when designing the program of development of economic entities or drafting strategic documents. Interregional differences and disparities in most territories determine the dynamics of their development and the opportunities for economic growth, on which the economic policy pursued by the regional authorities should be based. In a competitive environment, the identification and further gaining strength from the advantages of the regions make it possible to form the policy of the region’s development which helps to make management decisions.

STREAMLINING THE TOOLS FOR ANALYZING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STATE POLICY OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE RF REGIONS

Purpose: development of tools for analyzing the effectiveness of the state policy of energy efficiency in the regions of the Russian Federation to increase the feasibility of decisions in the field of managing the economic and economic development of territories. Discussion: the state energy efficiency policy, actively pursued in the past 8-10 years, needs the performance monitoring. However, the Russian system of accounting for energy consumption and energy saving is characterized by an insufficient degree of development. In this regard, It is very actual to add for exists methods some new methods proposed by the author: methods for calculating and analyzing the index of the electrical intensity of the physical volume of GRP; method of decomposition analysis of the electricity consumption increase by main factors; methodology for assessing and analyzing generalized regional energy efficiency indices; method of classification of RF regions by types of their energy-economic development. Conclusion: application of proposed methods can contribute to the improvement of tools for impact analysis of state policy of the RF regions energy efficiency.

Importancia de la educación cooperativa. Una experiencia cubana

Este trabajo trata sobre la importancia de la educación cooperativa en asociados y actores vinculados al sector cooperativo. Se pretende resaltar que es necesaria la educación sobre los valores y principios del cooperativismo, al igual que el desarrollo económico de la cooperativa. Se exponen los resultados de un proceso de educación a cooperativistas y actores relacionados al sector cooperativo en un municipio cubano. Los resultados se relacionan a la propuesta educativa desarrollada. Las acciones se desplegaron en dos niveles: a nivel de actores locales y al interior de las cooperativas. En el último caso a cooperativistas del sector no agropecuario, de reciente formación en Cuba. En el proceso se sensibilizan a los actores locales y a los cooperativitas sobre la importancia de ver al cooperativismo como movimiento cuya ideología tiene como base sus valores y principios. Tales resultados fueron parte de las acciones del proyecto “Promoción del desarrollo económico local y territorial desde los Gobiernos Municipales e instituciones locales en la actualización del modelo económico cubano”, desplegado de 2012 a 2015 y financiado por Ayuda Popular Noruega.

ПРОСТОРОВИЙ КОНЦЕПТ ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

Для умов України важливим є пошук нових форм організації господарської діяльності, що забезпечать подолання стану «наздоганяючого» світову економіку. Проблему доцільно вирішувати з позицій встановлення особливостей національного простору сталого розвитку. При цьому об’єктивно виникає необхідність адаптувати визначення «простору» як такого до практики управління еколого-економічним розвитком. З методологічних позицій питання полягає у використанні постіндустріальних підходів до опису економічних процесів з акцентуванням уваги на категорії «інтерес». Оскільки економічний простір постіндустріального типу формується потоками «інтересів» суб’єктів господарювання, які циркулюють і визначають його структуру, то увагу зосереджено на домінуванні енергії та інформації в комунікативних процесах.Ефект від економічної діяльності з позицій функціонування належного комунікативного поля забезпечується за рахунок зниження параметрів тривалості трансакцій, а відтак і зниження витрат, що відповідатимуть прийнятному рівню. Еволюція системи комунікацій указує на зміну характеру взаємодії суб’єктів господарювання з навколишнім середовищем. Головними є питання еколого-економічного кодування простору життєдіяльності, які поступово перетворюються на повсякденну реальність і формують відповідні когнітивні фрейми. Тому важливим моментом стає пошук сучасних форм економічного самозабезпечення функціонування екологічних систем на рівні вимог до їх безпечного існування за рахунок раціонального використання природно-ресурсних активів. Підкреслено доцільність спрямованості на децентралізовані форми управління процесом забезпечення еколого-економічного розвитку територій з урахуванням відповідних компетенцій локальних господарських систем у межах визначення їх комунікативних полів. Зазначений підхід повною мірою вирішується в межах так званої платформної економіки. Як феномен макроекономічного рівня вона дає орієнтири щодо зміни механізму формування вартості на низовому рівні. Еколого-економічний концепт сталого розвитку вписується у загальні тенденції, що пов’язані з трансформацією роботи ринків у напрямі поширення мережевих взаємодій, оскільки за подібними до природних екосистемними законами починає розвиватися й бізнес.

Aspects of Development of Rural Territories in the Russian Federation

Background/Objectives: The research presented in the article is devoted to the problems of rural areas development in the Russian Federation, as well as to land-use planning based on the cadastral data. The authors have analyzed the notion of rural areas, revealed several directions of sustainable development of rural areas based on the state programmes and strategies, adopted in the Russian Federation. Several particular problems (establishing the boundaries of settlements and inter-settlement territories) are presented through an example of concrete municipalities of the Saratov region. Methods: The study is based on the methods of scientific research: systemic, geoinformational and statistical method. Findings: Introduction of changes into regulatory legal acts will stimulate identification of boundaries of settlements, establishment of boundaries of the land plots, which are situated on inter-settlement territories, but have address reference points of settlements; and vice versa, the boundaries of some settlements comprise land plots, which are located on the territories of other categories. It is a difficult process of ordering of the state cadastral registration of boundaries of settlements. This process is basic and principally important for the execution of documents for strategic planning of a municipality development and, generally, for further effective development of rural territories. Applications/Improvements: Boundary delimitation of land plots, establishment of boundaries of settlements, determination of the legal status of lands will have an impact on the investment policy, which contributes to social and economic development of territories, to the development of agricultural businesses, thus attracting labour resources and raising the social standard of living of rural population. Consequently, it will lead to sustainable development of rural territories of the Russian Federation.

Role of human capital in territorial social and economic systems development

Role of human capital in territorial social and economic systems development