Individual Terms Research Articles

FunPredCATH: An ensemble method for predicting protein function using CATH

MotivationThe growth of unannotated proteins in UniProt increases at a very high rate every year due to more efficient sequencing methods. However, the experimental annotation of proteins is a lengthy and expensive process. Using computational techniques to narrow the search can speed up the process by providing highly specific Gene Ontology (GO) terms. MethodologyWe propose an ensemble approach that combines three generic base predictors that predict Gene Ontology (BP, CC and MF) terms from sequences across different species. We train our models on UniProtGOA annotation data and use the CATH domain resources to identify the protein families. We then calculate a score based on the prevalence of individual GO terms in the functional families that is then used as an indicator of confidence when assigning the GO term to an uncharacterised protein. MethodsIn the ensemble, we use a statistics-based method that scores the occurrence of GO terms in a CATH FunFam against a background set of proteins annotated by the same GO term. We also developed a set-based method that uses Set Intersection and Set Union to score the occurrence of GO terms within the same CATH FunFam. Finally, we also use FunFams-Plus, a predictor method developed by the Orengo Group at UCL to predict GO terms for uncharacterised proteins in the CAFA3 challenge. EvaluationWe evaluated the methods against the CAFA3 benchmark and DomFun. We used the Precision, Recall and Fmax metrics and the benchmark datasets that are used in CAFA3 to evaluate our models and compare them to the CAFA3 results. Our results show that FunPredCATH compares well with top CAFA methods in the different ontologies and benchmarks. ContributionsFunPredCATH compares well with other prediction methods on CAFA3, and the ensemble approach outperforms the base methods. We show that non-IEA models obtain higher Fmax scores than the IEA counterparts, while the models including IEA annotations have higher coverage at the expense of a lower Fmax score.

Factorization of non-global LHC observables and resummation of super-leading logarithms

We present a systematic formalism based on a factorization theorem in soft-collinear effective theory to describe non-global observables at hadron colliders, such as gap-between-jets cross sections. The cross sections are factorized into convolutions of hard functions, capturing the dependence on the partonic center-of-mass energy ŝ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\sqrt{\\hat{s}} $$\\end{document}, and low-energy matrix elements, which are sensitive to the low scale Q0 ≪ ŝ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\sqrt{\\hat{s}} $$\\end{document} characteristic of the veto imposed on energetic emissions into the gap between the jets. The scale evolution of both objects is governed by a renormalization-group equation, which we derive at one-loop order. By solving the evolution equation for the hard functions for arbitrary 2 → M jet processes in the leading logarithmic approximation, we accomplish for the first time the all-order resummation of the so-called “super-leading logarithms” discovered in 2006, thereby solving an old problem of quantum field theory. We study the numerical size of the corresponding effects for different partonic scattering processes and explain why they are sizable for pp → 2 jets processes, but suppressed in H/Z and H/Z + jet production. The super-leading logarithms are given by an alternating series, whose individual terms can be much larger than the resummed result, even in very high orders of the loop expansion. Resummation is therefore essential to control these effects. We find that the asymptotic fall-off of the resummed series is much weaker than for standard Sudakov form factors.

Variation in seizure risk increases from antiseizure medication withdrawal among patients with well-controlled epilepsy: A pooled analysis.

Guidelines suggest considering antiseizure medication (ASM) discontinuation in seizure-free patients with epilepsy. Past work has poorly explored how discontinuation effects vary between patients. We evaluated (1) what factors modify the influence of discontinuation on seizure risk; and (2) the range of seizure risk increase due to discontinuation across low- versus high-risk patients. We pooled three datasets including seizure-free patients who did and did not discontinue ASMs. We conducted time-to-first-seizure analyses. First, we evaluated what individual patient factors modified the relative effect of ASM discontinuation on seizure risk via interaction terms. Then, we assessed the distribution of 2-year risk increase as predicted by our adjusted logistic regressions. We included 1626 patients, of whom 678 (42%) planned to discontinue all ASMs. The mean predicted 2-year seizure risk was 43% [95% confidence interval (CI) 39%-46%] for discontinuation versus 21% (95% CI 19%-24%) for continuation. The mean 2-year absolute seizure risk increase was 21% (95% CI 18%-26%). No individual interaction term was significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] risk increase across patients was 19% (IQR 14%-24%; range 7%-37%). Results were unchanged when restricting analyses to only the two RCTs. No single patient factor significantly modified the influence of discontinuation on seizure risk, although we captured how absolute risk increases change for patients that are at low versus high risk. Patients should likely continue ASMs if even a 7% 2-year increase in the chance of any more seizures would be too much and should likely discontinue ASMs if even a 37% risk increase would be too little. In between these extremes, individualized risk calculation and a careful understanding of patient preferences are critical. Future work will further develop a two-armed individualized seizure risk calculator and contextualize seizure risk thresholds below which to consider discontinuation. Understanding how much antiseizure medications (ASMs) decrease seizure risk is an important part of determining which patients with epilepsy should be treated, especially for patients who have not had a seizure in a while. We found that there was a wide range in the amount that ASM discontinuation increases seizure risk-between 7% and 37%. We found that no single patient factor modified that amount. Understanding what a patient's seizure risk might be if they discontinued versus continued ASM treatment is critical to making informed decisions about whether the benefit of treatment outweighs the downsides.

Many-body potential for simulating the self-assembly of polymer-grafted nanoparticles in a polymer matrix

Many-body interactions between polymer-grafted nanoparticles (NPs) play a key role in promoting their assembly into low-dimensional structures within polymer melts, even when the particles are spherical and isotropically grafted. However, capturing such interactions in simulations of NP assembly is very challenging because explicit modeling of the polymer grafts and melt chains is highly computationally expensive, even using coarse-grained models. Here, we develop a many-body potential for describing the effective interactions between spherical polymer-grafted NPs in a polymer matrix through a machine-learning approach. The approach involves using permutationally invariant polynomials to fit two- and three-body interactions derived from the potential of mean force calculations. The potential developed here reduces the computational cost by several orders of magnitude, thereby, allowing us to explore assembly behavior over large length and time scales. We show that the potential not only reproduces previously known assembled phases such as 1D strings and 2D hexagonal sheets, which generally cannot be achieved using isotropic two-body potentials, but can also help discover interesting phases such as networks, clusters, and gels. We demonstrate how each of these assembly morphologies intrinsically arises from a competition between two- and three-body interactions. Our approach for deriving many-body effective potentials can be readily extended to other colloidal systems, enabling researchers to make accurate predictions of their behavior and dissect the role of individual interaction energy terms of the overall potential in the observed behavior.

Applying Systemic Functional Linguistics in Translation Studies: Instantiation, Individuation, and a Three-Dimensional Model

This study aims to provide a detailed investigation of applying Systemic Functional Linguistics (hereafter SFL) in translation studies from the perspective of instantiation and individuation. Revisiting instantiation and individuation along their history in SFL and introducing the recently developed concepts, the studies on the application of instantiation, individuation and a three-dimensional model are examined respectively. It is noted that instantiation and individuation complement the translation studies by treating the translation process as a linguistic process and interpreting many translation issues in terms of individuality and trajectories of allocation and affiliation, such as the differentiation of equivalence, translation strategies, and translator's choices. As a result, it enables the study of translation products, translation process, and people involved (i.e., the translator, writer, and reader) within a single architecture.

The semantic complexity of Hausa kinship terms

Abstract This study aims at analysing the absolute semantic complexity of kin terms in Hausa, i.e. to measure the amount of semantic information of individual kin terms. Each kin term is defined by a set of sufficient and necessary conditions (i.e. properties and relations) derived from the construction of a genealogical “space”. In order to calculate semantic complexity, properties (e.g. x is male, x is older than y) and relations (e.g. x is married to y, x is father of y) are encoded as a series of predicates. The terms are defined in a feature matrix system: for each property and relation each kin term is assigned a value on a truth table. Resorting to predicate calculus, the complexity coefficient c of kin terms is calculated as the negative dyadic logarithm of the relative number of trues according to the formula proposed by Lehmann (1978) and adapted from Carnap and Bar-Hillel (1952). Being culture-independent, the definition of kinship terms in a feature-matrix system allows for a) cross-linguistic comparison; b) a consistent treatment of polysemous instances based on the principles of intension and extension; and c) further analysis and applications in representations of kinship systems formulated with genealogical or algebraic approaches.

How can a black horse have brown fur?

Hungarian equine coat colour-related terminology is a largely unresearched subject. Its unique situation as a rapidly developing jargon results in multiple nomenclatural systems used simultaneously in the specialised literature. The analysis of the nomenclatural systems’ inner structure suggests the usage of two differing methods of categorisation, one based on the visual properties of the subject, the other based on non-visual genetic factors of the described animal.
 The paper reviews the colour categories’ main traits that influence their categorisation process and compares them with the Hungarian equine coat colours’ characteristics. The comparison reveals that Hungarian equine coat colour terms are in many ways similar to the conventional colour terms, but due to their differences they create a separate colour-motivated class of specialised terms.
 The analytic part focuses on the different methods of categorisation present in the various nomenclatural systems in the equine coat colour related literature. It defines their main features and the underlying cause of their existence. It explores the division of the nomenclatural systems in accordance with their categorisation process and provides a detailed description of the traits of both traditional and modern nomenclatural systems discussing them on the basis of specific examples.
 The further part of the analysis explores the semantic relationship between the conventional colours and the equine coat colours in the context of equine coat colour terms sharing their forms with Basic Colour Terms.
 The research material consists of a database of Hungarian equine coat colour-related terms, gathered from a variety of zootechnical, sport and hobby literature and commonly available internet sources on the topic. The nomenclatural systems presented in the sources are visualised in the form of diagrams, illustrating the meaning of individual terms and the systems’ internal hierarchies.
 The presented findings showcase the complexity of the specialised colour-motivated terms and their difference from the conventional colour terms. They present how external, non-linguistic factors like the development of the natural sciences may influence the relatively hermetic colour-motivated terminology.

The First Magistrates of Potchefstroom

Although the history of Potchefstroom has been studied extensively already, not much is known about the early judicial officials appointed there. This contribution in honour of Professor Willemien du Plessis upon her retirement attempts to remedy this by taking a closer look at the various individuals appointed as the magistrates for Potchefstroom in chronological order from 1839 to 1862. The scope of this contribution does not allow for an in-depth discussion of each magistrate. Instead, the focus of this study is to determine who the first appointees were and to establish the starting and ending dates of each magistrate's term in office. Where possible, the discussion also includes some personal information and anecdotes about each individual magistrate in order to distinguish them from their predecessors and successors to give the reader a better idea of the personality behind the name. Important judicial (or political) events that took place during each individual's term in office are also highlighted.

Democratic Control of the Defence Sector in Ukraine

Ukraine has declared membership in the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization as its goal. One of the prerequisites for joining both organizations is the stability of institutions that guarantee, among other things, democracy and the rule of law. For Ukraine, exercising effective democratic control is a crucial issue of civil-military relations. The article analyzes individual words, phrases, and terms defining democratic control of the security and defence sector. Due to the method of synthesis, the elaborated material is generalized. The article's results are also based on the author's experience in the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine and cooperation with foreign advisers who provided advisory assistance to the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. The article considers democratic control as a problem of democratic governance of the defence sector. It is concluded that democratic defence governance allows for responsive, transparent decision-making, policy development, and policy implementation in a manner, which reinforces democratic control.

Economic Analysis of Induction versus Elective Cesarean in Term Nulliparas with Supermorbid Obesity.

We sought to evaluate the economic benefit of the induction of labor compared with elective cesarean delivery in individuals with supermorbid obesity (body mass index 60 kg/m2 or greater) at term. We developed an economic analysis model to compare induction of labor with elective cesarean delivery in nulliparous individuals with supermorbid obesity at term. The primary outcome was the total cost per strategy from a health system perspective with elective cesarean delivery as a reference group. Pregnancy outcomes for the index and subsequent pregnancies were considered. When available, probabilities of pregnancy outcomes were extracted from our institutions. Rare pregnancy outcomes, relative risks, and costs were derived from the literature. All costs in this analysis were inflated to 2022 USD (U.S. dollar). To determine the robustness of the decision model, we conducted one-way sensitivity analyses by changing point estimates of variables. We then performed a probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulation repeating 1,000 times to test the robustness of the results in the setting of simultaneous changes in probabilities, relative risks, and costs. In the base-case analysis, assuming that 72.7% of nulliparous individuals undergoing induction of labor would have a cesarean delivery, induction of labor would cost $41,084 compared with $40,742 for elective cesarean delivery, resulting in a higher cost of $342 per nulliparous individuals with supermorbid obesity. In a sensitivity analysis, we found that induction of labor compared with elective cesarean is less economical if the probability of cesarean delivery after induction of labor exceeds 71%. Monte Carlo simulation suggests that elective cesarean delivery was the preferred cost-beneficial strategy with a frequency of 53.5%. Among our patient population, induction of labor was less economical compared with elective cesarean delivery at term for nulliparous individuals with supermorbid obesity. · The prevalence of obesity in the United States continues to rise.. · Morbid obesity compared with normal weight is associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes.. · Induction of labor was less economical compared with elective cesarean delivery at term for nulliparous individuals..

Social norms and social practices

Theories of social norms frequently define social norms in terms of individuals’ beliefs and preferences, and so afford individual beliefs and preferences conceptual priority over social norms. I argue that this treatment of social norms is unsustainable. Taking Bicchieri’s theory as an exemplar of this approach, I argue, first, that Bicchieri’s framework bears important structural similarities with the command theory of law; and second, that Hart’s arguments against the command theory of law, suitably recast, reveal the fundamental problems with Bicchieri’s framework. I then draw on Hart’s critique to develop and defend an alternative approach, arguing that we should conceive of social norms as the norms internal to a “socially sanctioned representational practice.” This approach makes social norms conceptually independent of individuals’ beliefs and preferences by locating them within social practices that transcend their individual participants, structuring the social landscape even before individuals form their own beliefs and preferences.

External Bias Field Control of Domain Wall to Skyrmion Conversion in a Typically Designed Magnetic Nanotrack

Understanding the evolution and tunable control of skyrmion dynamics is crucial for the effective development of next generation Racetrack Memory (RM) devices. In this study, we present the micromagnetic simulation demonstrating precise control of skyrmion motion in a magnetic nanotrack composed of two (three) narrow and a wider nanochannels under the influence of spin transfer torque (STT) and out of plane bias field. Our results reveal that out of plane magnetic field assists in efficient conversion of Domain wall (DW) pair to skyrmion and results in the achievement of uniform velocity for each skyrmion. Furthermore, a thorough analysis of individual and total energy terms during the DW pair to skyrmion conversion provides detailed insight into the role of bias field in overcoming the pinning potential at the junction of the narrow and wide nanochannel. The ability to precisely control the skyrmion motion stabilized from a DW pair under the influence of an external bias field is of significant importance for developing skyrmion based memory devices.

The concept of glorification as an attribute of corpus delicti envisaged by article 4362 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine

The article systematizes and highlights the directions and factors of glorification. It has been found that the consequences of glorification carry public danger, since the actions covered by it are nothing more than an uncritical attitude towards war and its consequences. Also, individual changes to the current Criminal Code of Ukraine due to the act of aggression of the Russian Federation are being investigated. It is noted that, in accordance with these changes, new concepts appeared in modern criminal law that were previously unknown to Ukrainian criminal law. One of these terms of modern criminal legislation and law is the unusual concept of «glorification», which is provided for in Art. 436-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The analysis of scientific literature and reference sources shows insufficient research of the mentioned concept both at the linguistic and legal level. It is noted that there is a controversy regarding the need to introduce this very concept into the legal system of Ukraine. It is determined that according to the current legislation of Ukraine on criminal liability, only natural persons can be «glorified». Responsibility for the glorification of other phenomena in accordance with the mentioned norm does not exist today, which is defined as a deficiency of the current legislation. A general theoretical interpretation of the concept of «glorification» is given.
 It was found that, despite the fact that since the introduction of criminal liability for the above-mentioned acts, enough time has passed for the formation of judicial and investigative practice of bringing people to criminal liability, the theoretical basis for the interpretation of individual terms has not yet been created. In general, the scientific conclusions obtained in the article can be the beginning of the formation of such a foundation.

Gradient Statistics-Based Multi-Objective Optimization in Physics-Informed Neural Networks.

Modeling and simulation of complex non-linear systems are essential in physics, engineering, and signal processing. Neural networks are widely regarded for such tasks due to their ability to learn complex representations from data. Training deep neural networks traditionally requires large amounts of data, which may not always be readily available for such systems. Contrarily, there is a large amount of domain knowledge in the form of mathematical models for the physics/behavior of such systems. A new class of neural networks called Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) has gained much attention recently as a paradigm for combining physics into neural networks. They have become a powerful tool for solving forward and inverse problems involving differential equations. A general framework of a PINN consists of a multi-layer perceptron that learns the solution of the partial differential equation (PDE) along with its boundary/initial conditions by minimizing a multi-objective loss function. This is formed by the sum of individual loss terms that penalize the output at different collocation points based on the differential equation and initial and boundary conditions. However, multiple loss terms arising from PDE residual and boundary conditions in PINNs pose a challenge in optimizing the overall loss function. This often leads to training failures and inaccurate results. We propose advanced gradient statistics-based weighting schemes for PINNs to address this challenge. These schemes utilize backpropagated gradient statistics of individual loss terms to appropriately scale and assign weights to each term, ensuring balanced training and meaningful solutions. In addition to the existing gradient statistics-based weighting schemes, we introduce kurtosis-standard deviation-based and combined mean and standard deviation-based schemes for approximating solutions of PDEs using PINNs. We provide a qualitative and quantitative comparison of these weighting schemes on 2D Poisson's and Klein-Gordon's equations, highlighting their effectiveness in improving PINN performance.

Socioeconomic status of international students and its relation to the brain drain: evidence from Greek PhD holders

PurposeThe study examines potential differences in socioeconomic status (SES) and emigration patterns between Greek international students (IS) and non-international students (non-IS) and their relationship to the brain drain from Greece.Design/methodology/approachThe study draws on a unique database including all the Greek PhD holders and provides detailed information on their SES and mobility patterns. Furthermore, an individual-level SES index is constructed including both human capital and socioeconomic indicators to estimate the magnitude of the brain drain in terms of the SES that emigrated abroad between 1,985 and 2,018.FindingsFirst, Greek IS have a higher educational, professional and economic status compared to Greek non-IS. Moreover, they exhibit a more international profile, inasmuch as they are more likely to remain abroad after graduation to seek employment. Second, the magnitude of the brain drain in terms of SES emigrated abroad (22.5% of the total) is greater than in terms of individuals who moved abroad (13.4% of the total). Specifically, the SES that outflows with an additional Greek skilled emigrant (that is, an additional IS and non-IS residing abroad) is 1.1 times greater than the SES that remains in Greece with an additional non-IS residing in Greece.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the scientific discussion that relates the SES of IS and highly skilled migrants to brain drain and fills the gap in the relevant literature.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-09-2022-0607.

Discovery grants for education innovation- supporting the adoption of people-centred design in HE one step at a time

In this reflective paper we describe an approach for supporting university educators to adopt person-centred design which heavily scaffolds and ‘chunks’ stages of the design process. Having run these ‘Discovery Grants’ in two UK universities, we reflect on our experiences and the conversations we have had with grant holders. Design is a radical departure from taken-for-granted ways of working in HE both in terms of individuals’ professional identities and practices, and institutions’ processes and resource allocation. We explore whether our approach can support adoption of these new ways of working. Through exploring the scholarly literature on design curricula and pedagogy, and barriers to design-informed approaches to working in organisations beyond HE, we identify useful frameworks for making sense of our practice. Given that our approach is relatively resource-light and creates value for educators, we suggest this approach as potentially useful for others.

Regional institutional quality and territorial equity in LTC provision

We show how regional governments affect the appropriate – in terms of territorial equity – assignment of a national LTC benefit. We analyse the case of Italy, featuring a three-layers setting, where eligibility criteria are defined by the central government (which bears the fiscal cost of transfers), but the assignment decision is taken by regional medical commissions, while applications are activated by individual potential beneficiaries. Combining administrative and survey data, and accounting for regional variation in eligibility prevalence, we document large territorial disparities in need-adjusted benefit assignment. We investigate the determinants of such disparities both in terms of individuals’ differential propensity to claim, and of regional discretionary behaviour, as shaped by the underlying quality of regional institutions. While several data limitations recommend caution, the empirical results suggest – in line with our conceptual framework – that regional discretion plays a role in LTC provision: in more detail, lower regional institutional quality appears related to more opportunistic benefit adjudication decisions.

Addressing the “Whys” of UK Children’s YouTube Use: A Purposes Approach

Despite the widespread use of YouTube by children, there has been limited research undertaken on the “why” questions of their use. Past theoretical approaches have framed these questions in terms of broader individual needs and their relation to media use, though this work has mainly focused on adults and adolescents. This article presents relevant findings from a mixed methods study of children’s (aged 0–16) uses of social media in the United Kingdom to consider instead the “purposes” of children’s YouTube use, drawing on: (1) an online family survey; (2) family case studies; (3) child focus groups; and (4) child telephone interviews. “Purpose” is theorized in the article in relation to the ways children themselves make sense of and articulate the reasons they use YouTube or, in the case of parents and carers, for allowing, facilitating, or encouraging their children to use YouTube. Parents tended to frame the purposes of children’s YouTube use more instrumentally, focusing on perceived educational benefits and their own convenience needs. While sharing a focus on instrumental purposes, children sometimes emphasized broader dimensions of purpose, with an increased focus on humor, sensory, and hedonic dimensions. Children’s responses also emphasized the autotelic nature of play. The study foregrounded the extent to which the purposes of others (such as commercial entities) are served by children’s YouTube use. Seven child-centered, parent-centered, and “other” purposes for children’s YouTube use are discussed: cognitive, corporeal, cultural, collaborative, creative, commercial, and convenience.

ОБРАЩЕНИЕ СО СЛУЖЕБНОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИЕЙ В МЧС РОССИИ: ГАРМОНИЗАЦИЯ ТЕРМИНОЛОГИИ

The purpose of the article is to study the logical and sematic accuracy of the use of technical terms in the organizational, legal and organizational and administrative documents of EMERCOM of Russia for the protection of service information, streamlining individual terms in the field of information security. The formation of the conceptual apparatus in the field of information security is singled out as a general methodological problem of information security. The definition of departmental terminology and its harmonization with common approaches allows increasing the security of information. The content of the goal of protecting information of limited distribution is studied and it is proposed to clarify it in the governing document of EMERCOM of Russia. Deals with the concepts of the term information carrier, the types of carriers are reviewed. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that, in view of the internationalization of education, the terminological system of the educational sphere of the russian and english languages today needs to be harmonized. As a result of comparison with similar documents of other state bodies and analysis of the content of terms, inconsistencies in the terminology used in individual departmental documents on the organization of the protection of confidential information were revealed. In order to protect such information, discrepancies have been established between the norms of federal legislation and the departmental procedure for handling proprietary information of limited distribution.

Legal regulation of legal interpretation technique: analysis of perspectives in modern conditions.

The rules of legal interpretation are an integral part of modern legal practice. Legal interpretation plays a direct role in the process of giving meaning to the legal text, which is crucial for determining the effectiveness and feasibility of legislation. The legal interpretation technique ensures consistency, predictability and fairness in making legal decisions. However, the lack of uniformity of methods and techniques of legal interpretation in different legal systems and even among different subjects of official interpretation within the same system can create confusion and unpredictability, which will lead to contradictory and unfair results. This article aims to determine the significance of the rules of the legal technique of interpretation in modern legal practice and the prospects of their legal regulation in Ukraine. The issue states the existence of an agreed scientific position in Ukraine, that the legal technique of interpretation includes principles, methods, rules, methods, technologies, which are used by the subject of interpretation in the implementation of legal interpretation activities. However, legal practice found itself in the conditions of the absence of unified algorithms for the use of techniques and methods of official interpretation objectified in normative sources. It is indicated that the regulation of the technique of interpretation of legislation can also contribute to the protection of human rights and the rule of law by ensuring transparency and accountability in the adoption of legal decisions in the process of interpretation. The author analyzed international experience and various approaches to the normative consolidation of rules and principles of interpretation of legal texts. In addition, the article reveals the content of the newest idea of substantiating interpretive law as a part of legal regulation. According to the author, legal standardization of legal interpretation can be carried out in various ways: as an element of the legal technique of law-making, it is possible to ensure authentic interpretation through the adoption of normative legal acts of the same level, in which the legislator clarifies individual terms, phrases, etc.; by adopting, together with a specific act, the desired methods by which this act should be interpreted (special instructions that take into account the peculiarities of the interpretation of a specific legal text); by adopting general interpretive principles and rules for use in the interpretation of any legal texts or for each of their varieties. Finally, the article substantiates the need to establish priority approaches, general standards and principles of official interpretation of legal texts at the regulatory level, to define the main techniques and methods, to clearly outline the range of subjects of official interpretation and the consequences of legal interpretation activity. Key words: legal interpretation, legal interpretation activity, interpretation technologies, rules of interpretation, legal technique, official interpretation, legal regulation, interpretive law.