Terms Of Concepts Research Articles

Time to rediscover task-oriented leadership? A multi-source, time-lagged study on leadership and well-being in public service jobs

ABSTRACT Although leaders have a considerable impact on the well-being of public employees, this relationship has not yet been fully disentangled in both conceptual and empirical terms. We develop a framework of how task- and relations-oriented leadership affect well-being (i.e. hedonic, eudaimonic, social dimensions). A multi-source, time-lagged study from a large Danish municipality shows that task-oriented leadership yields positive associations with both social and eudaimonic dimensions of well-being, while for relations-oriented leadership, we only find a positive association with hedonic well-being. The findings suggest rediscovering task-oriented leadership as an important but often overlooked quality of effective leaders.

The revered Perumale in Tiruppukal: a case study

Tiruppukal is a devotional poetry composed by poet-saint Arunagirinathar to promote glory of Lord Murugan, the ancient god of Tamils. A preliminary literature review of the text revealed the name Perumale (Perumal), synonymous with names Tirumal and Vishnu among Tamil Vaishanavites, is more often quoted in comparison to Murugan. Thus, this article tries to analyse Arunagirinathar’s intend in promoting name Perumale. This article approaches the subject using qualitative research incorporating library-based and descriptive methods to analyse and evaluate Arunagirinathar’s such intend. Findings revealed that Perumale is a conceptual term means “Great One” or “Lord of Lords” even though has connotation to deity Perumal. The name Perumale is used in social and linguistic contexts to depict Murugan as the Great God of the Tamils. Arunagirinathar also portrayed Murugan’s attributes and his three forms to alleviate Him from the Tamil folklore deity to a Great God of the South India. Arunagirinathar also used Perumale to syncretize Murugan and Skanda to bridge a cultural and religious unity between the North-South (India) while stamping Him with pan-Indian identity. Further, Lord Murugan’s bond of kinship with various divinities and deities of Hindu pantheon in context with name Perumale portrayed Him as Supreme Being in par excellence with Siva and Vishnu as well as illustrates sense of oneness, coexistence and harmonious interaction which binds the various Hindu divides. Thus, Arunagirinathar by means of the Perumale has portrayed Murugan as a pan-Hindu god who transcends religious and philosophical barriers in Hindu pantheon.

ECONOMIC CRIME IN THE FIELD OF REAL ESTATE

The scientific article is devoted to a comprehensive study of criminal law issues of economic crime in the field of real estate. The research paper examines a range of theoretical and practical issues of economic crime prevention and substantiates a number of provisions and conclusions that are new in conceptual terms and are important for legal science and law enforcement practice. The article proves that each state has a system of measures that protect each individual and society as a whole from offenders and restore justice. Insufficient research into the problems of economic crime and the validity of measures to prevent it has an extremely negative impact on the economic sphere of the state. The urgency of the problem is also growing due to the long-overdue need to improve the legal acts regulating the prevention of economic crime. A study of the state and trends of economic crimes has shown a sharp increase in their number under martial law, especially serious crimes. The article establishes that a significant part of economic crime is latent crime, the main reasons for which are the reluctance of the victims (mostly due to circumstances beyond their control) and, in most cases, the inability to report a crime committed against them, mainly in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. The authors studies and characterises two main levels of prevention of economic crime: general social and special criminological.

BRAZILIAN MUNICIPALITIES

This article aims to address the issue of federalism and its consequences in conceptual terms allowing some historical setbacks that contributed to the construction of the current model in the country. The focus is on the municipality as a federated entity, the result of the promulgation of the 1988 Constitution and its consequences emphasizing the municipality as a federated entity and its current constitutional incumbers. In this reflection I intend to point and make reflections on weaknesses, challenges and achievements derived from the performance of this federative entity, with emphasis on the educational sector, when I present elements gathered from a survey of studies with the purpose of identifying political-institutional, economic and cultural factors that imply its performance.

Trends in the Incidence of High-Risk Newborns Based on a New Conceptual Framework - Beijing Municipality, China, 2013-2022.

A new conceptual term, small and vulnerable newborns (SVN), bringing preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), or low birth weight (LBW) together is being advocated for assessing whether a child is at high risk. According to the new conceptual term, the increasing incidence of high-risk newborns (from 9.82% to 10.96%) has been observed among 2,005,408 newborns over the period from 2013 to 2022, which is higher than using any of the three definitions of SVN. Maternal age ≥35, primiparity, and multiple births are high risks for SVN. The new conceptual framework should be used to better assess the number of high-risk newborns. Attention should be paid to multiple births to prevent preterm-related SVN. To reduce term newborns who are SGA, we need to be concerned not only with multiple pregnancies but also with first-time mothers.

The role of telemedicine during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic: shaping our future health organisations and practices

Purpose In France, telemedicine was integrated into the Code of Public Health in 2009, but adoption and use were slow until the beginning of the COVID-19 health crisis, when telemedicine arguably became the only way to ensure continuity of care for non-COVID patients, reduce viral transmission and streamline strained medical resources. Despite growing enthusiasm, criticism persists. Design/methodology/approach User satisfaction will be essential for the sustainability and development of telemedicine, yet this remains an under-researched area. Framed by the first lockdown in France (March–May 2020), this two-step mixed-methods study uses secondary quantitative data (n users = 2,511; n doctors = 254; n nurses = 248) and primary qualitative interviews (n = 5) among healthcare professionals and patients in France to analyse satisfaction levels among telemedicine users. Implementing an inductive approach, it identifies key themes in the adoption and use of telemedicine, the impact on user satisfaction and evolution in perceptions over time. Findings The findings contribute to the literature by identifying and explaining the shift in telemedicine practices and offering recommendations for addressing ongoing obstacles through pragmatic strategies. Originality/value This research addresses a gap in knowledge to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the uptake, perception and satisfaction of telemedicine experienced by users. Recognising telemedicine as a complex innovation in conceptual and practical terms, this paper investigates the degree of acceptance among users and the process of assimilation in the system.

Intersectional challenges in post-trafficking reintegration of survivor women of trafficking

ABSTRACT This article reviews the available literature to address a fundamental question concerning the impact of intersectional discrimination on women during their post-trafficking reintegration. The problem under examination involves two conceptual terms: ‘intersectionality’ and ‘reintegration’. We scrutinise the existing literature to understand the profound effects of multiple forms of discrimination on trafficked women during their post-trafficking reintegration by employing ‘intersectionality,’ a theoretical framework introduced by Crenshaw (1989). We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature, identifying articles published in English between 2010 and 2021. The articles included in our review either reported on original research or were conceptual studies focusing wholly or partially on the trafficking of women and the intersectional challenges they face during reintegration interventions. Our review presents compelling findings that highlight the influential role of intersectional identity on the rights of trafficked women, contributing to systemic discrimination against them during their long-term reintegration. Regarding outcomes, this article proposes a comprehensive solution for long-term reintegration, addressing a variety of needs, including therapeutic intervention, economic sustenance, gender-sensitive healthcare, and social inclusion.

Women's Shelter, a prison in reverse: when the protection of victims imprisons them.

This article aimed to know a Shelter for women in situations of intimate partner violence at imminent risk of death located in the state of Rio de Janeiro from the perception of its professionals. To this end, this qualitative research adopted semi-structured interviews with seven professionals directly involved with the care and assistance to the Shelter's user population. The findings were interpreted through Bardin's thematic content analysis. Moreover, the profile of the women and children sheltered in 2021 was drawn based on the data provided by the institution. In conceptual terms, this work focused on intersectional feminist theoretical references. Among the results, we argue that the shelter is permeated by contradictions, from its normative idealizations to institutional practices: on the one hand, the shelter represents the possibility of salvation, that is, of interrupting the escalation of violence and, therefore, preventing femicide. However, on the other hand, it appears as an upside-down prison, which "incarcerates" the victims. We highlight the importance of thinking about new ways to ensure protection for women who need this shelter.

Safeguarding adults: A concept analysis

AbstractAimsThis article aimed to examine the concept of safeguarding adults and establish an operational definition for application to practice, research and policy.DesignRodgers' evolutionary and inductive method of concept analysis was used.Data SourcesA systematic search was conducted across four electronic databases, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and PubMed, covering the period from January 2014 to May 2023. This systematic database search aimed to gather a broad spectrum of research and scholarly literature to inform and support the concept analysis. A total of 10 peer‐reviewed articles were reviewed using a data chart to identify the context, definitions, antecedents, attributes and consequences of safeguarding adults.ResultsThe analysis of the included articles helped to develop a better understanding of safeguarding adults by offering a practical operational definition tailored to the specific needs of practising nurses. The implications for practice, research and policy are discussed, highlighting the potential for improving the quality of care and ensuring the well‐being of adults at risk of abuse.ConclusionBy employing Rogers' evolutionary concept analysis method, we developed a deeper insight into safeguarding adults in health care. A synthesis of literature revealed the intricate layers and adaptations within safeguarding practices. This concept analysis lays the groundwork for future research, policy development and educational initiatives, enhancing the well‐being and safety of adults at risk of abuse within care.ImpactBy undertaking a concept analysis of the term safeguarding adults' nurses can be more prepared to engage in and reinforce the key principles of safeguarding adults, providing guidance to ensure the protection and well‐being of adults at risk of abuse.Patient or Public ContributionNot applicable.What this Paper Contributes to the Wider Body of KnowledgeThis concept analysis helps to define and clarify the conceptual term ‘safeguarding adults’ promoting a shared understanding of the key components of adult protection and providing a comprehensive framework for assessment and management of adults at risk of abuse in this field of practice.

Deliberate Ignorance and Myopic Intellectualist Understandings of Expertise: Are Philosophers of Education Epistemic Trespassers in Initial Teacher Education Programmes?

AbstractThis paper considers in conceptual terms the extent to which pre-service teachers’ disengagement with philosophy of education might usefully be explained in terms of the mistaken charge of (1) ‘epistemic trespassing’ frequently levelled against philosophers of education. This cohort charge philosophers of education with being ultracrepidarians—those who proffer opinions on subjects that they know nothing about. Contra this view, I argue that casting philosophers as epistemic trespassers—lofty theorists with nothing meaningful to contribute to professional practice—is a wrongful charge, or ‘epistemic vice’, based on a series of epistemic mistakes. These, individually and collectively, lead to a series of troubling costs in terms of impoverished professional formation and practice. To diagnose a plausible explanatory account of this phenomenon, I briefly turn to what I consider the main causes of this misattribution—more precisely—the four secondary category mistakes pre-service teachers make. Naturally a qualification is required. I contend these epistemic mistakes can rightfully be attributed to *some pre-service teachers in such determinations, which include: (2) misunderstanding standpoint epistemology (SE) in terms of automatic privilege being coextensive with first-personal authority (FPA); (3) overestimating the added value of deliberate/rational ignorance; (4) misguided intellectualist views of skills and expertise; and, (5) uncritical technicist attempts to emulate TikTok Exemplars with the allure of ‘Insta results’.

Interpreting Confucianism in Chinese Philosophical Context with Qualia Structure

Chinese philosophy understood through the key philosophical terms has been made familiar to Western readers by first “Christianizing” it, and then by “Orientalizing” it. Many of new translations of these canonical texts are uncritically perpetuating the same formula for rendering key philosophical terms proffered in the earlier efforts at cultural translation. Those who are working with the Master of Confucianism in China reconsider the Confucian values and attempt to interpret Confucianism in Chinese philosophical context. This paper employs the qualia structure (Pustejovsky 1991) to verify the validation of three important Confucian concepts, rén (仁), lǐ(礼) and dé (德), of the total 92 Confucian conceptual terms from The Analects (Lúnyǚ,《论语》) and Tao-Te Ching (Dàodéjīng,《道德经》) as the case studies. The qualia structure investigates the semantic information of the core characters in both source and target text which can effectively clarify the correspondence in Chinese-English translation in that the equivalent semantic information can be regarded as the equivalent translation. Furthermore, through this research, misunderstandings can be avoided and foreigners will find it easy to understand Chinese culture.

Concepts and Contexts: Towards a Theory of “Hermeneutical Bastardization”

Abstract This paper theorizes and defends a process I term “hermeneutical bastardization.” This concept tracks the way in which some hermeneutical injustices arise not from a gap in a shared pool of hermeneutical resources, but from the decontextualization of an advantageous hermeneutical resource into another (typically dominant) hermeneutical domain. This decontextualization bastardizes hermeneutical resources by severing the concept from its original meaning and significance. I focus on the term “trans woman” and examine the way in which dominant epistemic agents rewrite and redefine the concept according to prominent and prevalent pernicious representations. Specifically, once decontextualized, the term “trans woman” denotes an individual who is thoroughly erotic and sexual in nature. Hermeneutical bastardization can illuminate how hermeneutically marginalized groups are reconstructed by other dominant epistemic agents according to these pernicious representations and can be silenced whilst their concepts, or rather their terms, are being utilized in sets of dominant hermeneutical resources in ways that severely diverge from their original intra-communal conceptualization. This type of hermeneutical injustice does not arise from a lacuna in our set of resources, but instead depends on the uptake of a concept's term and its subsequent decontextualization.

Features of geriatric status in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease (review)

Background: Among the geriatric syndromes associated with the pathology of the cardiovascular system, in particular arterial hypertension (AH) and coronary heart disease as one of the causes of their occurrence, researchers call the syndrome of falls, senile asthenia syndrome (SAS), depression and cognitive impairment. The listed reasons indicate the relevance of their study and the implementation of preventive measures to reduce the prevalence in conceptual terms. The aim of the study: To analyze the geriatric status in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease, which will allow creating a plan for preventive measures to reduce the prevalence of geriatric syndromes in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease. Materials and methods: The analysis of the literature data on the geriatric status of patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease published over the last decade was carried out: PubMed, Elibrary, Scopus. Results: Analysis of literature sources has shown that in the age cohort of senile persons, the prevalence of falls syndrome occurs in almost every second person, while 15-30% is in the group of 60-74 years. It has been shown that in predicting non-fatal complications with existing hypertension in geriatric patients with SAS, the pulse rate, systolic pressure, and laboratory parameters should be taken into account. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease with various geriatric syndromes in different populations of countries ranges from 0.5 to 73.0% and its frequency depends on the diagnostic method used by the researchers. Despite the heterogeneity of the available information, it is indicated that depression occurs on average in 26.8% of AH patients with geriatric syndromes. Cognitive impairments were observed in 60.0% of AH and coronary heart disease patients with geriatric syndromes, and they develop due to the fact that in patients over 65 years of age, previous drug treatment has been ineffective for many years. Conclusion: The collected data may make it possible to create a plan for preventive measures to reduce the prevalence of geriatric syndromes in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease. Further research in this area will improve the quality of life of this population, which accounts for a significant proportion of hospitalizations and outpatient visits.

The education of human rights in Japan: a comparative analysis of civics textbooks in senior high school between the 1970s and 2010s

ABSTRACT The education of human rights, or Human Rights Education (HRE), has been increasingly vital for the preservation and dissemination of human rights values in contemporary time. Japan, as an East Asian democracy, is not an exception. Yet there has been limited scholarship in English on the efforts that the Japanese government has invested in educating human rights through formal citizenship education. To what extent did (does) Japanese formal citizenship education value human rights concepts and address domestic human rights issues? This study approaches the civics textbooks of Japanese senior high schools published in the 1970s-2010s by adopting comparative content analyses. It suggests that, first, there is an increasing usage of human rights conceptual terms with Liberty as the most frequently found word in the textbooks. Second, however, limited knowledge and empowerment are provided when the human rights issues of three underprivileged groups in Japan – the Burakumin, the Ainu, and foreign residents – are taught. This study suggests the government to put greater efforts into educating students about domestic human rights issues. Future studies are also suggested to continue investigating the development of HRE in Japan and to locate the reasons behind the reluctance in teaching domestic human rights issues there.

The moral economy of the English football crowd: The European Super League and the contingency of football fan activism

On 18 April 2021, six of the most storied clubs in English football – Arsenal, Chelsea, Manchester City, Liverpool, Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur – announced they would be joining a new breakaway European Super League. These proposals triggered vehement opposition from football fans, which catalysed the intervention of the UK government in the form of a fan-led review of football governance. The reaction to the European Super League – which collapsed within 48 hours – demonstrates that the commodification and globalisation of football is contested. This article applies the lens of moral economy to analyse the contemporary mobilisations of football fans in England counter to these processes. The novel application of a moral economy framework provides a fresh perspective within the extant literature on football fan activism. This article represents the first systematic application of a moral economy approach to the political sociology of contemporary sport and its fandom. Employing an expanded understanding of moral economy, the article extends its application beyond the analysis of pre-modern food riots popularised by E.P. Thompson, incorporating the insights of Karl Polanyi and Andrew Sayer. Adopting this broader meaning, the concept of moral economy enables us to explore emergent and dynamic forms of fan activism, which seek to contest the commodification of football. The supporter mobilisations against the European Super League are examined to illuminate this perspective. Through an exploration of the contingency of the moral economy of football fandom, this article expands, in conceptual terms, the literature on football-based social movements, connecting it to the wider commodification and financialisation of football (as an important aspect of everyday life) and the internal contradictions and crisis of advanced capitalism.

Ecological Conscience and Peace in the Social Doctrine of the Church

In a time when wars emerge again with their devastating effects, both material and spiritual, there is an indispensable need to build a peace-making culture based on ecological conscience. After highlightening the transdisciplinary process of emergence and development of an ecological conscience through the prophetic insights of scientists, philosophers and theologians, the recent contributions of the Social Doctrine of the Church are summarized with their content of innovation and faith in both a peaceful human society and a sustainable planetary community. Suggestions for ecolinguistic developments and improvements in favor of ecological conscience and peace-bulding attitudes are both recognised and advanced as meaningful tools for positive “framing” in a communication society. Innovative conceptual terms, like natural capital, biosphere, noosphere, anthropocene, ecosystem services, sustainability, integral ecology, ecological spirituality and ecological conversion are recognised as typical eco-linguistic emergences arisen within a context of holistic framing of reality. They constitute the eco-linguistic cascade that has innovated the recent development of the social doctrine of the Church such as that expressed in the Encyclical Letters and in The World Days of Peace Messages for building a culture of peace based on ecological conscience. The Church’s contribution to the advancement of ecological conscience has been exemplary for providing human beings with the necessary spiritual energy to become “peace operators.”

Working in the shadows: differentiation processes through and beyond the curriculum. Introduction to the special issue

ABSTRACT The aim of this special issue is to analyze the dynamics of differentiation in education. In particular, the conceptual term of differentiation will be explored by focussing on various arenas of curriculum making. ‘Differentiation’ entails much more than instructional or didactical considerations and strategies: At the heart of the curriculum making lie ideas and assumptions about socio-cultural and political processes and their consequences. Curriculum developments and differentiation processes connected to it are highly dynamic in nature. They emerge across various spatial and temporal contexts within diverse discursive settings. This special issue aims to elaborate on broader, sociologically and historically oriented concepts of differentiation in education systems. This brief introduction to the special issue is disposed of in the following way. Firstly, we define the term differentiation. We do this with a sociological meaning and then connect it to education research. In particular, concerning the latter, we define research gaps, which this special issue aims to approach. Then, we present the six contributions to this edition with their individual contribution to understanding differentiation in education. Finally, we discuss the contributions’ similarities and differences.

A Critical Network Governance Issues in Social Sciences Discipline: A Literature Review

Some scholars have underlined network governance issues in theoretical, conceptual, operational, and practical terms. However, it is still requested to core map this issue, as past scholars have lacked attention. Therefore, this paper explores network governance’s pivotal issues and proposes a theoretical model. A systematic literature review was conducted using Scopus database sources, and NVivo 12 Plus software was used as an assistive qualitative data analysis tool. This study revealed several viewpoints. First, network governance has received much attention over the last decade. Second, some essential core key terms are linked to network governance issues, such as social, public, government, policy, actor, political, institutional, and organizational. In addition, we proposed a theoretical model that can be used as a recommendation for future studies.

<em>Mal du Siècle</em>. From the Disenchanted Youth of the Romantic Age to the Disillusionment of Today’s Young Graduates

Organisational absurdity is an emerging field of study in management sciences. Often described in conceptual terms in the existing literature as a loss of meaning arising from the collapsing frontiers of rationality, there have been few attempts to engage empirically with this absurdity, particularly from the perspective of new recruits joining organisations, and more specifically those who have recently completed their studies. Our research seeks to explore the ways in which young graduates respond to organisational absurdity and its consequences. To do this, we use an original empirical approach, which has been recognised elsewhere as a pertinent means of tackling absurdity, namely, fictional analysis. We thus propose an analogy between today’s young graduates and the young Romantics of the 19th century, invoking a number of literary references for heuristic ends, in order to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon in question. Now as in centuries past, upon coming face-to-face with absurdity, a considerable number of young people respond by retreating from their professional responsibilities. This state of affairs is illustrated by a series of 35 interviews, revealing a profound sense of disenchantment, which, in many cases, can lead young professionals to turn inwards and withdraw from their professional environments. In the face of this distress, our research invites organisations to rethink the way they manage young graduates.

Crime and Criminality – Problems of Definition, the Ability to Analyze this Issue in Conceptual and Structural Terms

This publication is addressed to students of security studies who attempt to define crime and describe criminogenic phenomena when working on their undergraduate or graduate theses. It is intended to help students decide which specific categories of crime to study and later describe. The main focus of the study is on specific categories of crime, including common crime, organized crime, drug-related crime, and juvenile crime. Students are presented with proposed definitions within selected criminological categories of crime as well as with suggestions on how to describe these phenomena in statistical terms. The hypothesis is that common crime remains the largest category in overall crime statistics, but it does not clearly prevail in terms of actual crime. The contents of this article are the product of the authors’ considerations, supported by many years of police experience, with reference to selected items of literature.