Research Terminology Research Articles

The Dictionary of Musical Terminology (1930) as an Artifact of Culture of the First Third of the 20th Century and a Historical Source of Modern Musical and Lexicographic Research

One of the first Ukrainian music dictionaries is analyzed in the article. Such books have marked collectively the formation of musical lexicography as a separate section of Ukrainian musicology. This is A Dictionary of Musical Terminology, prepared and published by the Institute of Ukrainian Scientific Language of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (1930). The article is aimed at the to understanding of the mentioned work as the monument of science, through which the content of Ukrainian musical culture of the first third of the 20th century is read – the state of its structure, contacts and typological kinship with contemporary European trends and achievements in music and musicology, peculiarities of one’s own musicological tradition, etc. At the same time, the chosen text is analyzed as a historical source of modern musical and lexicographical studies. The specified special analisys of this outstanding monument of Ukrainian musicology has not been carried out before. This determines the novelty of the submited research. The following methods are used in the work: phenomenological – in the differentiated study of various aspects of the lexical content of the Dictionary of Musical Terminology in its synchronous and diachronic connections with the processes of the development of culture and science; historical – in the interpretation of the chosen musicological text as an artifact of culture of the first third of the 20th century; new historicism in the intertextual analysis and reinterpretation of the analyzed text as well as relevant textual and contextual interactions taking into account the current state of Ukrainian musical lexicography. The conclusions of the conducted research are related to the understanding of the importance of the analyzed Dictionary of Musical Terminology for modern musical and lexicographic research, the unity of the history of Ukrainian musicological science.

Contemporary uses of "lethal" or "life limiting" terminology in perinatal research.

A life-limiting fetal diagnosis (LLD) refers to a medical condition identified during pregnancy that is expected to lead to stillbirth, preclude ex utero survival, or significantly reduce neonatal life expectancy. The terms 'lethal' or 'life-limiting' are used to prognosticate early death for various anatomic or physiologic causes, although the expected timeframe is nonspecific. The purpose of this manuscript is to review how the terms 'lethal' or 'life limiting' are used in contemporary perinatal research. Depending on the study design, 'life-limiting' is defined either prior to data analysis (such as prospective cohort studies), or after outcomes are assessed (such as case series). When 'life-limiting' is defined prior to data analysis, study-specific specific definitions may include timeframes from birth to death, probability of neonatal mortality, or a list of diagnoses based off billing codes. Professional societies have guidelines to standardize the reporting of vital statistics, including early death. While these fall short of defining LLDs comprehensively, they present an opportunity for more specific prognostication following prenatal diagnosis, which may improve research standardization to facilitate a clearer understanding of LLDs in clinical practice.

The benefits of Indigenous-led social science: a mindset for Arctic sustainability

The Peoples of the Arctic and Arctic health and sustainability are highly interconnected and essentially one and the same. An appropriate path to a sustainable Arctic involves a shift away from individual learning and achieving toward community leadership and the betterment of society. This article draws upon mindset theory from Western psychology and Indigenous relational accountability to propose and outline a model for achieving sustainability in the Arctic. The geographic focus is the North American Arctic. The principles of the argument and the foundations of the model may apply across the Circumpolar North. The paper is a call to action for social scientists and policy makers in the Arctic to implement an Indigenous-led and self-determined social science. Empowering and supporting Indigenous leaders and scholars to direct and conduct autonomous social science research would inherently produce well-being and sustainability for Indigenous communities and regions. The arguments are supported by an inductive analysis of peer-reviewed literature, and the model is organized and illustrated using a schematic of concentric circles. The foundational elements of the model include: Indigenous sovereignty, Indigenous ontology, Indigenous models of sustainability, and Indigenous scholarship. Environmental scientists, resource managers, and policy makers are directed to better understand, accept, and support Indigenous science as a comprehensive and valid knowledge system; change how they use key terminology in research; rethink research roles; and amend processes and timelines for research development and funding. To achieve the desired outcomes for community well-being and Arctic sustainability, Arctic social scientists should seriously consider centering Indigenous science, especially in Indigenous communities.

Assessment of Chat-GPT, Gemini, and Perplexity in Principle of Research Publication: A Comparative Study

Introduction Many researchers utilize artificial intelligence (AI) to aid their research endeavors. This study seeks to assess and contrast the performance of three sophisticated AI systems, namely, ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity when applied to an examination focused on knowledge regarding research publication. Methods Three AI systems (ChatGPT-3.5, Gemini, and perplexity) were evaluated using an examination of fifty multiple-choice questions covering various aspects of research, including research terminology, literature review, study design, research writing, and publication-related topics. The questions were written by a researcher with an h-index of 22, and it was later tested on two other researchers with h-indices of 9 and 10 in a double-blinded manner and revised extensively to ensure the quality of the questions before testing them on the three mentioned AI systems. Results In the examination, ChatGPT scored 38 (76%) correct answers, while Gemini and Perplexity each scored 36 (72%). Notably, all AI systems frequently chose correct options significantly: ChatGPT chose option (C) correctly 88.9% of the time, Gemini accurately selected option (D) 78.9% of the time, and Perplexity correctly picked option (C) 88.9% of the time. In contrast, other AI tools showed minor agreement, lacking statistical significance, while ChatGPT exhibited significant concordance (81-83%) with researchers' performance. Conclusion ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity perform adequately overall in research-related questions, but depending on the AI in use, improvement is needed in certain research categories. The involvement of an expert in the research publication process remains a fundamental cornerstone to ensure the quality of the work.

A Practical Approach to Terminological Research in Specialized Translation

This article aims to show translators facing terminological challenges a practical way of overcoming problems related to the search for terms’ and concepts’ meanings. It uses mixed methods. Firstly, it assesses and interprets terms’ meanings in the syntactic contexts in which they are found. Sometimes, some terms have different meanings in different contexts. The search for the meaning of a specific term is carried out in a corpus that shows many occurrences of the term. Secondly, the number of occurrences is counted and the term's meaning in every context is interpreted. By so doing, the translator does the work of a terminologist who defines terms’ meanings (i.e. a micro-definition) and delineates their contours in a specific corpus. The findings of this research include the following: (1) the meaning of a term can be investigated and defined by the translator as a result of a terminological exploration; (2) corpora provide adequate sources for research on lexical semantics; (3) dictionary definitions have limitations and can be complemented or challenged by terminological definitions; (4) meaning is a dynamic notion that evolves with time and in space; (5) a practical approach to lexical semantics is the way forward.

Redefining cross-resistance, co-resistance and co-selection: beyond confusion?

The similarity of current definitions of 'cross-resistance' and 'co-resistance' continues to cause confusion both in the scientific community as well as in understanding policies and in particular when looking at resistance from a risk assessment perspective. Further, lack of harmonized definitions of these terms in the regulatory space is challenging for interpretation. The purpose of this article is to: (i) provide an overview of the ambiguity in existing terminology related to cross-resistance, co-resistance and co-selection; (ii) emphasize the challenges created by the use of poor terminology in research and scientific literature; and (iii) propose a clear set of harmonized definitions that could be put into use through international regulatory agencies and institutions, such as the World Health Organization, Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, Center for Disease Control, Committee for Veterinary Medicinal Products, World Organization for Animal Health/Office International des Epizooties and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Factors affecting individual sports consumption motivation towards sports consumption behavior: A bibliometric analysis

The purpose of this research is to present a bibliometric analysis of the literature on the ways in which the motivations of individual sports consumers impact the creation of sports infrastructure and the creation of sports-related policy. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the PRISMA approach and information gleaned from the Scopus database, 2605 publications were found to be pertinent to the subject. We conducted a literature analysis of trends and patterns using VOSviewer-based knowledge mapping. Findings: Recent years have seen a proliferation of scholarly publications on the topic of individual sports consumption motivation and its influence on policy formulation and infrastructure development. This suggests that interest in this field is expanding. The list of eminent journals, decision-makers, and organizations involved in this issue demonstrates its global influence. The interdisciplinary nature of the subject is reflected in the study’s emphasis on the most widely published authors and key research terminology. Originality/value: This study closes significant knowledge gaps regarding the complex interactions between societal, environmental, and individual factors that affect the motivation to consume sports and how these motivations influence decisions about sports infrastructure and policies. It does this by using bibliometric techniques and the most recent data. The project aims to create a more thorough picture of how public health policy, sports governance, and urban planning are impacted by the motivations behind sports consumption. Policy implications: Policymakers, planners, and sports organizations can use the results to generate more targeted and effective strategies for the development of sports infrastructure and policy formulation. The study highlights how important it is to make well-informed policy decisions and participate in customized involvement in order to improve public welfare and the overall sports consumer experience.

Employing popular heritage in the Iraqi theatrical actor’s performance of the play

In the history of Iraqi theater, popular heritage has always been a rich and abundant source of inspiration for artists. Heritage is considered an integral part of the cultural and social identity of the Iraqi people, as it carries within it values, traditions, and stories that constitute a large part of the collective consciousness. In this research, we will discuss how to employ popular heritage in the Iraqi theatrical actor’s performance of the play “The Thread and the Bird” as a model, as the actor aims to revive the heritage and present it in a way that is consistent with modern times, which helps to enhance cultural identity and connection to the roots, as popular heritage was used in the play The thread and the bird are touched in many ways, such as language, fashion, music, and dances. And motor performance. Through the above, the researcher will attempt to study this research in four chapters. The first chapter represents the methodological framework of the research problem around the following question: Was the Iraqi actor able to employ the popular heritage according to his motor and vocal tools in presenting the play The Thread and the Bird? Then the importance of the research and its goal through revealing and identifying the most important skills. The performance techniques that are compatible with the characters carrying the popular heritage in presenting the play The Thread and the Sparrow 0, then the limits of the research and definition of terminology. The second chapter, the theoretical framework, includes two sections: the first: the popular heritage (a historical view). The second section: the popular heritage and the performance of the theatrical actor, then what resulted from the theoretical framework. Of indicators, the third chapter includes procedures that include the research community, its sample, the research site, and sample analysis, then the fourth chapter includes results, conclusions, recommendations, and proposals, and the research concludes with sources Keywords: employment, popular heritage, actor’s performance.

What Makes History Nobel Prize Worthy? Claudia Goldin and the Relevance of History of Education

AbstractIn 2023, Claudia Goldin received the Nobel Prize for her groundbreaking research in economics. In this article, I use Goldin’s research to reflect on the role of history of education in academic research. I argue that Goldin’s remarkable achievement underscores the need for historians of education to reach a wider disciplinary audience in the humanities and social sciences. Goldin’s success lies not in isolating her focus to a subfield, but in connecting historical research to wider concerns in the discipline of economics. Goldin’s research thus reminds us of the skills required of historians of education: to understand the research interest and terminology of other research fields, and to use historical methods to address the key problems that those research fields explore. That is, we need to learn how to apply historical methods to what are essentially nonhistorical problems.

DISCIPLINARY MATRIX OF THE SCIENCE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AS A METHODOLOGY TOOL

The article reveals the importance of the disciplinary matrix of the science of public administration as a methodological tool in the relevant field of knowledge in the context of solving the dilemma «state administration – public administration». Arguments are given in favor of the fact that the disciplinary matrix of the science of public administration is important for uniting the community of scientists who unite around the problems of public administration and the formation of its methodology. The components of the latter include values, beliefs, fundamental knowledge organized into a terminological system, principles, methods and approaches of scientific research in the field of public administration science and public administration practice. In this regard, it is claimed that the disciplinary matrix has two structural components: a) a social submatrix, which indicates the affiliation of the community of scientists to a specific science (discipline); b) methodological sub-matrix as a system of certain methodological rules within the given discipline, which are followed by the scientific community. It is shown that the use of the concept of public administration and the terminology derived from it largely ignores the requirements of the already formed disciplinary matrix and the previously outlined prospects for its development. This situation, firstly, erodes the structure of the social submatrix, and secondly, violates the logic (unity) of the already formed methodological submatrix. The mentioned discussion, in the opinion of the author, can be constructive and promising in the event that in its process the existing shortcomings of the already formed methodological submatrix will be revealed, and its terminological apparatus will be supplemented with new concepts that are consistent with the existing realities of state management practice. In this regard, it is emphasized that there is no need to create a new disciplinary matrix based on the concept of «public administration». The disciplinary matrix based on the concept of «public administration» should remain the key starting point for solving the «state administration – public administration» dilemma. This task should be implemented based on the results of fundamental research of the new terminology, its codification and standardization in accordance with the requirements of the methodological submatrix of the science of public administration, coordination with the administrative and legal systems of Ukraine.

Long-Duration Energy Storage—A Literature Review on the Link between Variable Renewable Energy Penetration and Market Creation

The relationship between a region’s dependency on variable renewable energy (VRE) and the viability of long-duration energy storage (LDES) technologies is recognised through various electricity grid modelling efforts in the contemporary literature. Numerous studies state a specific VRE penetration level in total electricity generation as an indicator of the emergence of an LDES market. However, there is considerable variability across studies when comparing VRE penetration levels in conjunction with LDES technology utilisation, and significant diversity exists in electricity grid modelling approaches. This review aims to highlight these inconsistencies by offering an overview of disparate findings and dissecting the influencing variables. Sixteen parameters are identified from reviewed studies, complemented by an additional five recognised through in-depth analysis. This comprehensive examination not only sheds light on critical aspects overlooked in previous reviews, requiring further investigation, but also provides novel insights into the complexity of this correlation, elevating the understanding of LDES market creation by unravelling the factors that influence the technology adoption across various contexts. Furthermore, it provides clarity in LDES research terminology by rectifying ambiguous language in the existing literature. Altogether, seven databases were explored to produce a trustworthy foundation for the study.

The Role of Assistive Technology in Enabling Older Adults to Achieve Independent Living: Past and Future.

In this viewpoint, we present evidence of a marked increase in the use of assistive technology (AT) by older adults over the last 25 years. We also explain the way in which this use has expanded not only as an increase in terms of the total number of users but also by going beyond the typical scopes of use from its inception in 1999 to reach new categories of users. We outline our opinions on some of the key driving forces behind this expansion, such as population demographic changes, technological advances, and the promotion of AT as a means to enable older adults to achieve independent living. As well as our review of the evolution of AT over the past 25 years, we also discuss the future of AT research as a field and the need for harmonization of terminology in AT research. Finally, we outline how our experience in North Norfolk (notably the United Kingdom's most old age-dependent district) suggests that cocreation may be the key to not only successful research trials in the field of AT but also to the successful sustained adoption of AT beyond its original scope of use.

Where is the ‘WIL’ in Work-integrated Learning Research?

ABSTRACT Research often defines Work-integrated Learning (WIL) as an educational approach that provides students with work-based experiences. In this article, we argue that this approach definition of WIL is nonsensical and maintains a research terminology that fails to capture what WIL is, namely, a multidimensional learning phenomenon. Drawing on this argument, this article aims to explore and problematise how the term WIL is used in contemporary research. To achieve this aim, we draw on contemporary research and conduct a text analysis of 48 extended abstracts that were accepted for an international WIL conference in December 2022. The text analysis generated three recurring research phenomena that we relate to research. These are (i) WIL avoidance, when the WIL term is evaded although it could very well have been used, (ii) WIL washing, when the WIL term is used in a hollow manner, and (iii) WIL ambiguity, when the WIL term is used vaguely. We scrutinise how these research phenomena and the approach definition of WIL pose challenges to establishing a comprehensive research terminology that can bring about an increased understanding of what WIL is. Finally, we call for research to use a more careful and nuanced terminology that acknowledges WIL’s multidimensional nature.

“What You Post in the Group Stays in the Group”: Examining the Affordances of Bounded Social Media Places

This study focuses on the affordances of bounded social media places (BSMPs), low visibility places within social media platforms like private messaging and private groups. While researchers have focused on BSMPs within specific platforms, this study presents a systematic examination of BSMPs across multiple platforms to facilitate theoretical durability. Interviews with users of BSMPs across diverse platforms ( N = 35) reveal that BSMPs discourage the affordance of visibility as they are considered private due to visibility management mechanisms and trust in known audiences. They encourage personalization as users believe they receive relevant content from and can send relevant content to specific audiences, in the absence of algorithms. BSMPs also encourage synchronicity by facilitating continuous conversations. The strength of encouragement or discouragement of these affordances varies across different BSMPs and is informed by users’ social positions. This study therefore contributes a framework and shared terminology for future research on BSMPs across social media.

Sound Terminology in Sonification

Sonification research is intrinsically interdisciplinary. Consequently, a proper documentation of and interdisciplinary discourse about a sonification is often hindered by terminology discrepancies between involved disciplines, i.e., the lack of a common sound terminology in sonification research. Without a common ground, a researcher from one discipline may have trouble understanding the implementation and imagining the resulting sound perception of a sonification, if the sonification is described by a researcher from another discipline. To find a common ground, the author consulted literature on interdisciplinary research and discourse, identified problems that occur in sonification, and applied the recommended solutions. As a result, the author recommends considering three aspects of sonification individually, namely 1) Sound Design Concept, 2) Objective, and 3) Evaluation, clarifying which discipline is involved in which aspect and sticking to this discipline’s terminology. As two requirements of sonifications are that they are a) reproducible and b) interpretable, the author recommends documenting and discussing every sonification design once using audio engineering terminology and once using psychoacoustic terminology. The appendixes provide comprehensive lists of sound terms from both disciplines, together with relevant literature and a clarification of often misunderstood and misused terms.

Systematic Review of Gender and Sex Terminology Use in Arthroplasty Research: There Is Room for Improvement

BackgroundThere is increasing appreciation of the distinction between gender and sex as well as the importance of accurately reporting these constructs. Given recent attention regarding transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) and intersex identities, it is more necessary than ever to understand how to describe these identities in research. This study sought to investigate the use of gender- and sex-based terminology in arthroplasty research. MethodsThe 5 leading orthopaedic journals publishing arthroplasty research were reviewed to identify the first twenty primary clinical research articles on an arthroplasty topic published after January 1, 2022. Use of gender- or sex-based terminology, whether use was discriminate, and whether stratification or adjustment based on gender or sex was performed, were recorded. ResultsThere were 98 of 100 articles that measured a construct of gender or sex. Of these, 15 articles used gender-based terminology, 45 used sex-based terminology, and 38 used a combination of gender- and sex-based terminology. Of the 38 articles using a combination of terminology, none did so discriminately. All articles presented gender and sex as binary variables, and 2 attempted to explicitly define how gender or sex were defined. Of the 98 articles, 31 used these variables for statistical adjustments, though only 6 reported stratified results. ConclusionsArthroplasty articles infrequently describe how gender or sex was measured, and frequently use this terminology interchangeably. Additionally, these articles rarely offer more than 2 options for capturing variation in sex and gender. Future research should be more precise in the treatment of these variables to improve the quality of results and ensure findings are patient-centered and inclusive.

Ontologies and knowledge representation in terminology: Present and future perspectives

This contribution reflects on the current role of ontologies in terminology research and practice and their future role, especially with a view to the creation of fully digital terminographic resources. The very notion of (domain) ontology, its concept and term, is discussed, highlighting metaterminological differences and substantial ambiguities arising from the interdisciplinary contact between Ontology Engineering and Terminology. Major challenges in ontology building, e.g. subjectivity, are mentioned, also with respect to the distinction between realist and non-realist ontologies and their relevance in Terminology. In addition, this contribution presents some examples of terminology resources with a distinct ontological component, showing a diversity of approaches depending on the purpose of the resource and its scope. In this context, more specific topics are addressed, such as the acquisition of ontological data and suitable formats and models for representing domain knowledge. The contribution ends with a vision of the integration of complex concept systems such as ontologies in future terminology work: here, the development of models based on terminology-specific requirements and typical users will be fundamental.

The Phyloperiodic Approach Removes the “Cryptic Species” and Puts forward Multilevel Organismal Diversity

The notion of the “cryptic species” has recently become an important agenda in biodiversity research. In this study, we show, by applying a periodic-like morphological and molecular framework to the nudibranch genus Cadlina from the world’s least explored locations in the Kuril Islands in the northwestern Pacific, including a description of six new species, that the term “cryptic species” should be removed from biodiversity research terminology. We explicitly show that different species of this complex have various degrees of molecular phylogenetic distances and morphological distinctness, revealing a truly multilevel system of fine-scale differences and similarities. Therefore, to designate any of these species as “cryptic” or “non-cryptic” would be completely arbitrary, non-operational, and generally meaningless. By this, we finally strongly propose to remove the notion of “crypticity” and the term “cryptic species” (in the sense of an “indistinguishable species”) from the arsenal of modern biology, including phylogeny and taxonomy. The importance of fine-scale species differentiation in the multilevel framework is shown for addressing conservation and global warming challenges. Six new species are named after scientists who have not always received the honours they deserve, including two women who did not receive their respective Nobel Prizes.

Collaborative design of a health research training programme for nurses and midwives in Tshwane district, South Africa: a study protocol

IntroductionNurses are essential for implementing evidence-based practices to improve patient outcomes. Unfortunately, nurses lack knowledge about research and do not always understand research terminology. This study aims to develop an...

Assessment of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) among physiotherapists in Cameroon: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundEvidence-Based Practice (EBP) is reported to ease effective and adequate decision making for all works of life including health professionals. Investigating the level of implementation of EBP among physiotherapists helps to identify barriers and propose solutions for its extensive implementation. Despite available data on EBP elsewhere, it remains limited or non-existent in Cameroon. This study was designed to establish the current state of EBP among physiotherapists in Cameroon, by assessing knowledge, practice, and barriers to its implementation.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted online among French- and English-speaking physiotherapists in Cameroon over a period of six months from April to July 2023, using the EBP2 questionnaire. This enabled us to collect socio-demographic data from participants and information on their knowledge, understanding and practice of EBP and possible barriers to EBP according to 5 domains (Confidence, Relevance, Terminology, Practice, Compatibility) scored out of 100. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS 25.0 software and Pearson correlations (95% CI) and significance (p < 0.05).ResultsA total of 110 physiotherapists practising in the 10 regions of Cameroon participated in the study. The majority were male (54.5%), the median age was 34 years (age range 20 to 50), the median year of graduation was 2019 (range 2004 to max 2022) with 72.7% never having knowledge or training in EBP. Participants scored below 50/100 for 3 domains (confidence, relevance, and compatibility) showing poor general knowledge and understanding of EBP, although they generally had a positive attitude towards EBP. The use of EBP in practice was low (26.3/100 SD. 6.5), despite that they appeared to have a good understanding of research terminology (55.4 SD. 17.2). Level of study of participants did not appear to significantly influence domain scores (P > 0.05). The main barriers to practice were lack of time (75.1%), workload (66%), cost of access to information resources like databases for seek informations about recent support protocols (60%), ease of access to computers (49%), and lack of resources or skills (49%).ConclusionPhysiotherapists in Cameroon have a poor knowledge of EBP and a low level of practice of EBP, despite an overall positive attitude towards it. These results could inform stakeholders of higher education on the need to improve training of physiotherapy students in the domain of EBP in Physiotherapy. Also, it will help in raising the level of scientific research and promoting the implementation of EBP in Cameroon.