Terms Of Culture Research Articles

The Strategy of Translating Indonesian Texts With Cultural Nuances Into English

This research discussed the strategies for translating Indonesian cultural texts into English. This research aims to 1) to describe the types of translation found in the process of translating Indonesian culture into English, and 2) to analyze the obstacle in translating Indonesian cultural terms into English. The data were collected from two novels, each written by Pramoedia Ananta Toer entitled Bumi Manusia, translated by Max Lane with the title This Earth of Mankind, and Ahmad Tohari with Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk, translated as The Dancer by Rene T.A. Lysloff. Data analysis techniques were carried out through descriptions after receiving respondents' responses. Thus, this research applies reception theory and cultural semantic theory. The application of this theory has led this research to answer the three objectives of this research. The results of the study indicate that the translation of culturally nuanced Indonesian texts into English has complex forms and variations due to the adjustment of the Indonesian cultural context into other cultural contexts in English.

Promoting South Asian primary care research and projecting family medicine practitioner-scholars: A matter of critical importance

ABSTRACT South Asia, constituting India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bhutan represents the most populous region in the world burdened with significant multilevel poverty. Primary care is well-documented to reduce the burden of diseases (both chronic and acute) and associated morbidity and mortality; be cost-effective and improve health outcomes and health equity for both individuals and populations. Any field, for it to stay relevant and to effectively achieve its stated mission, needs to produce its own knowledge through research. This translates into patient care, practice models, education, and advocacy for health systems strengthening and reform. In primary care, weaving experiential wisdom with clinical evidence lies at the heart of translation. In this editorial, we highlight: a) that local context, in terms of geography, community, culture, language and beliefs, influences the clinical context and practice and therefore research. Thus, relying on primary care research done elsewhere in the globe will not suffice; b) effective primary care is based on a generalist approach that involves certain ways of being, knowing, perceiving, and doing guided by the values of humility and intellectual curiosity, diversity and inclusion, equity, holistic approach to evidence, integrity, transparency, accountability and adaptability, and communication; and c) that the South Asian Region (SAR) has a number of groups experimenting and innovating with various healthcare delivery systems, much of which is not known to the larger field. The WONCA SAR Primary Care Research Network has been set up to facilitate and support scholarship, writing, and publication in primary care especially by practising family physicians. In conclusion, it will be critical to simultaneously promote grounded theory research that integrates both the family medicine/primary care perspective and the voices of families and address the ‘hidden curriculum’ that shapes the attitudes and aspirations of young doctors at both the undergraduate and postgraduate level. Family Physicians treat a variety of patients on a daily basis, in order to improve the quality of care and impact of primary care, it is imperative that the understanding and application of research is enhanced by specialists of this discipline.

Determination of the seismic performance of a historical masonry structure using the equivalent seismic load method

Mosques and masjids are the most important parts of Islamic culture in terms of their architectural and structural characteristics. These structures also provide an important insight into the construction techniques and historical process of the region in which they were built. Many of these structures are still in use around the world. However, most historical mosques and masjids are vulnerable to earthquakes or are not strong enough. Therefore, it is important to know the risk status of these important structures with respect to earthquake forces and to carry out the necessary strengthening works. In this study, the performance of the historical Ahi Musa Masjid (built in 1185) was investigated using the linear earthquake solution method, which provides a practical approach to determining the earthquake performance of historical structures. Firstly, studies were carried out to determine the geometric and material properties of the historical Masjid. A finite element model of the historical Masjid was then constructed and linear performance analyses were performed under vertical loads and equivalent earthquake loads. As a result of the analyses, the displacement ratios, compressive and shear stresses of the historical Masjid were obtained and evaluated according to the collapse prevention performance level for the earthquake level DD-3, which is one of the performance levels recommended for historical structures of local importance in the Guidelines for the Management of Earthquake Risks for Historical Structures. The aforementioned stress and drift ratio values remained below the reference values. In conclusion, the Masjid will safely withstand the potential effects of an earthquake.

Research on the modernization of the spirit of marathon sports culture based on information dissemination mechanism

Abstract This paper first explores the mechanism of marathon information culture dissemination by first calculating the time required for each layer of receivers to obtain the information and further obtaining the upper bound of the time required for the information to travel throughout the dissemination. The maximum allowable number of transmissions is obtained according to the protocol, and the lower bound of the propagation time is further obtained to find the time range of information propagation. Then, the structure of marathon sports culture is studied, and the marathon sports culture is divided into surface, middle and bottom layers, and the marathon spirit is discussed in depth. Finally, the communication effect of marathon sports culture under new media is analyzed in terms of the ways of communication and the comparison of new media and traditional media content. In the comparison between new media and traditional media, for the content of sports material culture in terms of sports architecture or sports sculpture and sports logo or clothing introduction, traditional media accounted for 11.9% and 9.8%, while new media were 3% and 4% more than traditional media. Among the topics and effects, the top three average reads were the topics of event information, registration and recruitment and brand promotion, with 490,963, 91,563 and 773,243 reads, respectively. The rise of new media has promoted the spread and development of marathon sports culture.

Decomposition of meaning in translation of cultural terms in the novel Alfu Laylah Wa Laylah into Indonesian

The This study is objected to describe the decomposition of meaning that includes distortion, narrowing and expansion as well as omissions in the translation of cultural terms in a novel titled alfu laylah wa laylah along with their impact on target text. This research utilized a descriptive method with a qualitative research approach. The data collection method used in several stages, as follow: 1) reading the entire contents of the novel; 2) identifying; 3) recording and; 4) giving code and page on each data. The data were subsequently analyzed in several steps including 1) classifying the types of cultural terms in the novel; 2) identifying the meaning of cultural terms in source language and target language; 3) comparing two words in source language and target language; 4) interpreting the findings in form of analysis. It was 29 data found, there were seven cultural terms that experience meaning distortion, twelve with narrowing and expansion of meaning, and ten others underwent omission. In conclusion, four factors of information reduction result in loss.

역사문화거리 사운드스케이프의 유형에 따른 분석

The purpose of this study is to investigate the concepts related to typology-based historic and cultural districts and soundscapes. The study is based on Chinese historic and cultural districts and is limited in four aspects: geographical, chronological, spatial, and physical. This study mainly adopts the literature research method to analyze the characteristics of historic and cultural districts, classify them according to their functions and environmental images, and analyze the characteristics of different types of districts. Then the characteristics and associated constituents of the soundscape are analyzed from the perspective of history and culture, the soundscape is classified according to the sound source, and the characteristics and associated constituents are combined to derive the characteristics that the soundscape has in terms of history and culture. Based on the results of this study, the concepts related to the characteristics, constituent elements and features of different types of historic and cultural district soundscapes can be derived to provide a basis and foundation for further research.

Morwa biała (Morus alba L.) w ujęciu naukowym i kulturowym. Od jedwabnictwa do papieru

White mulberry (Morus alba L.) in scientific and cultural terms. From silk to paper Sericulture dates back to ancient China. Today it is defined as a branch of agriculture dealing with the cultivation of mulberry for the purpose of silkworm farming and the production of silk. Due to the fact that the mulberry silkworm larvae eat white mulberry leaves, it is a plant inextricably linked with silkworm farming and, consequently the production of silk. Although white mulberry is mainly associated with the cultivation of mulberry silkworms, thanks to its numerous and unique properties, it is a plant that can be used in various branches of the economy, as well as a research object of interest to scientists representing various fields of science. Thanks to the content of many bioactive substances, micro- and macroelements and vitamins, it has been used in herbal medicine, pharmacology and medicine. The richness of bioactive compounds makes it also an attractive raw material for the food and cosmetic industry. At the same time, due to its high energy value, mulberry belongs to the group of energy crops. Both the unique properties of mulberry and the traditions associated with its cultivation have made it a plant appreciated not only by science, but also left its mark in culture, as it has accompanied people for centuries. It is not surprising, therefore, that mulberry was recorded in poems, folk proverbs and on painting canvases, including the most famous brush by Vincent van Gogh – “Mulberry Tree in Autumn”. On the other hand, the processing of mulberry silkworm cocoons into high-quality yarns, and ultimately into delicate but durable fabrics, had a significant impact on the development of art. Both in terms of the so-called applied arts, but also those referred to as beaux-arts. And although the definitions of art have changed throughout history – regardless of period or era – silk was invariably appreciated by artists and craftsmen. Thanks to its properties, quality and aesthetics, silk fiber offers a wide range of possibilities for use in papermaking, which is also important in the cultural context.

Pembentukan POKDARWIS untuk Pengembangan Potensi Agrowisata di Desa Beji, Kapanewon Ngawen, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul

Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) is one of the mandatory courses that must be fulfilled by Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta students in order to obtain a bachelor's degree. The implementation of the Community Service Program for the 2021/2022 academic year is carried out online considering the spread of the COVID-19 called KKN Society 5.0. Group 26 as part of the UAJY KKN consisted of 10 students from various study programs at UAJY accompanied by one lecturer who got placement in Beji Village. Beji Village is located in Ngawen District, Gunungkidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Beji village has a lot of potential in terms of culinary, culture, and nature tourism. Beji Village relies on the agricultural sector as a driving force for the village economy. Group 26 has 2 work programs to support Beji Village so that it can become an agro-tourism village so that other potentials from Beji Village can also be further developed. The program consists of the establishment of a Beji Tourism Awareness Community and the Formulation of an Agro-tourism Village Promotion Strategy. The work program is outlined in the form of group reports, pocketbook e-books, village potential e-books, and explanatory videos. It is hoped that the 2 programs that have been planned can become a source of reference for the village government in formulating village policies and become a guide for villagers in developing the potential of Beji Village.

Board of directors and environmental practices: the effect of board experience, culture, and tenure

AbstractThis study analyses whether board diversity in terms of gender and culture, as well as members’ experience and tenure, has a positive influence on the undertaking of environmental practices. The analysis was performed on a broad sample of international companies from 29 countries, on the basis of an index made up of 55 environmental activities. We designed a Tobit model in which the index of environmental practices is a function of several features of the board. The findings confirm that more diverse boards, with more experienced and long-tenured members, are more prone to the environmental commitment by promoting a broader range of environmental initiatives. The article provides new insights in terms of the influence of board diversity in culture, experience, and tenure. We extend previous literature by analysing these factors, whose effects have been less studied, rather than other drivers (such as board size and independence). Corporate governance mechanisms, and more specifically, the board of directors, may play an essential role in ensuring congruence among a firm’s actions, stakeholders’ demands, and societal expectations. The advantages derived from a wider knowledge base and diversity in the board lead to a pro-environmental vision on behalf of the company.

Analysis of Students Chinese-Indonesian Translation of Cultural Terms Translation

<p>This research aims to analyse students’ translation work of Chinese cultural terms. Cultural translation has difficulties with specific cultural terms whether in words or idioms. This research is using descriptive qualitative method. Data was collected from the work of students in translating Hong Lou Meng and Hua She Tian Zu. With the theories as a reference, the author analyses the error and quality of students' work. According to Newmark’s V diagram translation method, the students’ translation from Chinese language to Indonesian language mostly used word-for-word translation and Literal translation. In student translation works, there are also several mistakes found, such as the vocabulary, word order, or structure that influence the quality of translation. Chinese translate into Indonesian language as TL is too stiff and lack of natural language. From the weakness of student’s translation ability, here are suggestions to increase their translation ability: 1) More experience to use Chinese language in daily activities can help to increase the sense of language.Language cannot be separated from culture; 2) Students have to learn and experienced more about Chinese culture; 3) Students can learn and practice translation from many sources. </p>

“Failure to control blood sugar” experiences of persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the experiences of persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus having poor glycemic control. MethodsA narrative qualitative study was conducted. Eight participants were recruited at a hospital’s primary care unit (PCU) in northeastern Thailand from October to December 2021. The data was collected using in-depth interviews, field notes, and non-participatory observation. It was then analyzed based on the thematic analysis guide of Braun & Clarke (2006). ResultsThe results revealed four main themes and eight sub-themes: lifestyle practice (inappropriate eating behaviors, taking diabetes drugs irregularly, exercising irregularly); perception of self-care (misperceptions about self-care practices, diabetes was a genetic disease and therefore had to be accepted); awareness regarding complications (not being aware of glycemic control, issues with social gatherings); stress from socioeconomic issues (feeling stressed in daily life). ConclusionsIt is the role of healthcare professionals to stress the importance of healthy behaviors to improve glycemic control in terms of diet, exercise, medication use, perception, awareness, culture, and beliefs. The study results could aid healthcare providers in developing innovations in nursing care or interventions to change unhealthy behaviors.

When sustainability aligns with adolescent motives: development and validation of the Sustainability Motive-Alignment Scale (SMAS)

The sustainability motive-alignment hypothesis posits that adolescents will be motivated to act sustainably when they view sustainable behavior as aligned with their motives for autonomy and peer status. Based on this hypothesis, we developed the Sustainability Motive-Alignment Scale (SMAS), a brief self-report scale of individual differences in sustainability motive-alignment. In four studies across two relatively individualistic (U.S., Netherlands) and two relatively collectivistic countries (China, Colombia), the SMAS was reliable and valid as a single-factor scale; measurement invariant in terms of age and genders but measurement noninvariant in terms of culture, suggesting cultural differences in adolescents’ construals of sustainability motive-alignment; and positively associated with measures of sustainable attitudes, norms, self-efficacy, behavior, and climate change knowledge. Thus, sustainability motive-alignment can be assessed as a conceptually distinct psychological dimension underlying adolescents’ sustainable tendencies. We hope that our brief, psychometrically sound instrument will spark developmentally informed research on the psychological underpinnings of adolescent sustainability.

Domestication and Foreignization in Translating Cultural Terms from English into Kurdish in George Orwell’s Animal Farm

— Translation of culturally specific terms is considered a challenging activity. The current study explores the Kurdish translations of cultural terms found in the novel Animal farm written by George Orwell in 1945 and translated by three different translators. The study particularly attempts to identify the type of cultural terms according to Newmark’s (1988) taxonomy. In addition, the study uses Venuti's (1995) strategies of domestication and foreignization to identify the three translator’s choices, and uses Newmark's (1988) translation procedures to operationalize those two strategies. The results of the study reveal that all the five main categories of cultural terms were discovered including ecology, material culture (artefact), social culture (work and leisure), social organizations as well as gestures and habits. Material culture was the most frequent category of cultural terms found in the data. The translators employed various procedures, with cultural equivalent being the most common and deletion being the least. Furthermore, the translators' tendencies towards domestication and foreignization vary. Translator 1 demonstrates a greater inclination towards foreignization, while Translators 2 and 3 lean more towards domestication, with a notable similarity in their preferences. This study will be a contribution to the field of literary translation by offering insights concerning domestication and foreignization in translating CTs from English into Kurdish.

Kent Kimliği Açısından Önemli Bir Ermeni Kilise Mimarisinin İncelenmesi: Digor Khtzkong Manastırı

Cultural heritage enables us to have information about past civilizations that form the identity of the built environment in a residential area. While cultural heritage structures reflect the material properties and techniques of the period they belong to, the architectural styles they adopted, and the level of civilization, they express the societies they belong to and the way of life of the societies, world view, management style and religious structure. For this reason, the sustainability of cultural heritage is important for the preservation of the local identity of societies and the continuity of cultural values. However, historical buildings such as mosques, churches, monasteries, chapels, synagogues, madrasas, inns, baths and castles, which reflect the identity of different regions, were built in masonry. Masonry structures, on the other hand, are not resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes. 
 In this context, it is aimed to examine the monastery, which consists of five churches from the Armenian churches in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. This monastery is Khıdskonk Monastery, which consists of the Churches of St. Karapet, Virgin Mary (Surp Asdvadzdzin), St. Stefanos, St. Krikor and St. Sarkis. The churches, which differ in terms of culture and architecture, are important in terms of having the first church plan typologies. The problem of the study is that the remains of four of the five churches that were built in the same region and that were recently built, and that only one church is partially preserved. Based on this problem, it is aimed to document and archive these churches, which are important for the Kars region, and to examine their plan typologies. In this context, the relationship between earthquake damage and typologies was investigated and evaluations were made for the churches surveyed in the sample area. As a result, by emphasizing the importance of cities for their identities, suggestions were made for the protection of cultural heritage.

On the Translation of Online Product Promotions from the Perspective of Eco-translatology

After the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce, its development focus has shifted from scale to quality. It is urgent to improve the quality of translation for the cross-border e-commerce industry when the translation demand is soaring. Commodities are exposed and introduced to foreign buyers through online promotions on cross-border e-commerce platforms, since their translation can affect click-through rates, sales and images of Chinese sellers. Eco-translatology, which combines ecology and translation, provides a theoretical basis for many disciplines and fields. Taking footwear as an example, this study analyzes problems in current translation through the comparative analysis of commodity promotions on Amazon in the United States and AliExpress in China, two major cross-border e-commerce platforms. Then it studies the English translation of online product promotions from the three-dimensional transformation in terms of language, culture and communication under the guidance of Eco-translatology to put forward some suggestions for the online product promotions translation. It aims to provide references for Chinese sellers to engage in cross-border e-commerce and help enterprises and commodities go global successfully.

An Analysis of the Cultural Differences Between China and Spain in "Alcarrs" and "Return to Dust" Based on Hofstede's Theory of Cultural Dimensions

With the development of globalization, the number of cross-cultural studies is increasing, among which the articles that use film as a medium for cross-cultural studies mostly focus on the cultural differences between China and the United States, but there are relatively few articles that studied the cultural differences between China and Spain. Based on Hofstede's theory of cultural dimensions, this paper analyzes the differences between China and Spain in five cultural dimensions through a comparative study of "Alcarrs" and "Return to Dust", two films shortlisted for the 2022 Berlin International Film Festival and both portrayed rural lives. The study finds that Chinese and Spanish cultures differ significantly in multiple dimensions, with the most apparent differences in the dimensions of masculinity and femininity, power distance, individualism and collectivism, and the more minor differences in the dimension of uncertainty avoidance between the two cultures. There are also differences between Chinese and Spanish culture in terms of long-term and short-term orientations, although the plot of the two films do not show much of this.

As an emerging market Turkish culture’s quest to be positioned on Meyer’s cultural map

PurposeThis study aims to reveal Türkiye's place on the global cultural map through eight dimensions compared to other countries with the help of these two subresearch questions: “Where is Türkiye positioned on Meyer's map, and how is the positioning when country groups are taken into account?”.Design/methodology/approachThis issue is considered necessary regarding the country’s business culture, which is an emerging market. For this, 17 senior executives engaged in international trade activities were selected as cases. The eight dimensions of Erin Meyer’s culture map were analyzed by considering the interview data obtained from the executives.FindingsAs a result of the analysis, it was determined that Türkiye is in a position that can be called an east–west synthesis in terms of culture, even though it is geographically evaluated within MENA and that it is located close to the middle of the continuum axis on the basis of almost all dimensions. However, the three dimensions out of eight – communication, deciding and trusting – are relatively far from the middle. The authors believe that this situation is closely related to Türkiye’s unique historical characteristics.Research limitations/implicationsThe placement of the nations on a cultural map may be useful for practitioners. By looking at the relative position on this map and taking it into consideration while building connections and negotiating, for instance, businesses and policymakers who wish to enhance their ties with Türkiye can be aware of the distinctions between their own countries and Türkiye. The inhibiting nature of qualitative research prevents generalization; however, much bigger data set may be used for a comparable approach. Further research can be done to solve this issue because the cases under examination do not permit comparisons specific to the American continent.Originality/valueThe theoretical contribution of this study lies in its focused revelation of Turkey’s cultural positioning within the context of emerging markets. Positioning the countries on the cultural map can provide some convenience to the practitioners. Türkiye is a crucial clustering center when global production is considered. This opens the country to contact other cultures and enables intercultural transfer and learning.

Results and scientific significance of the Sibiryakov’s (Yakut region) expedition (1894 -1896)

This article considers the scientific results of the first comprehensive stationary expedition studying the indigenous peoples of Eastern Siberia – the Sibiryakov’s (Yakut region) expedition of the East Siberian Department of the Russian Geographical Society (1894-1896). This study aims to identify the scientific significance of publications based on the results of the expedition in the source study aspect, which will allow us to consider the history of the accumulation of knowledge about the Yakut language (Sakha language) and Yakut literature (Sakha literature) of the 19th-20th centuries, and will replenish the source study base of historical and literary science. During the research, systematic and holistic approaches, as well as contextual, interpretive, historical-literary and comparative methods of scientific research were used in the study of the source. In this regard, the study of the dictionary of the Yakut language by E.K. Pekarsky gains increasing relevance in the problematics of supertext, both its linguistic value and its significance in the historical and cultural terms are highlighted. As a result of the study, special importance is given to the role of a persons exiled for political reasons to Yakut region, who became participants in this expedition, which undoubtedly had a favorable effect on the results of field research and the fate of the exiled themselves. Precisely the involvement of these young people in the work of the expedition enabled to collect and publish scientific works on the beliefs of the Yakuts (Sakha people), folklore and the Yakut language, which laid the foundation for the development of the Yakut people’s verbal folklore. It is no less valuable that owing to the work of the exiles, it was possible to attract representatives of the local population to further scientific study of their language, culture and region, the spiritual and moral influence of the Russian language and culture on the development of the national region as a whole.

Probiotic effects of Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides on stress and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans.

The short lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans enables the efficient investigation of probiotic interventions affecting stress and longevity involving the potential therapeutic value of Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides isolated from organic basil. The lactic acid bacteria were cultured from the produce collected from a local grocery store in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and then identified through 16S rDNA sequencing and biochemical tests. To dive deep into this analysis for potential probiotic therapy, we used fluorescent reporters that allow us to assess the differential induction of multiple stress pathways such as oxidative stress and the cytoplasmic, endoplasmic reticulum, and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. This is combined with the classic health span measurements of survival, development, and fecundity, allowing a wide range of organismal observations of the different communities of microbes supported by probiotic supplementation with Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. These strains were initially assessed in relation to the Escherichia coli feeding strain OP50 and the C. elegans microbiome. The supplementation showed a reduction in the median lifespan of the worms colonized within the microbiome. This was unsurprising, as negative results are common when probiotics are introduced into healthy microbiomes. To further assess the supplementation potential of these strains on an unhealthy (undifferentiated) microbiome, the typical axenic C. elegans diet, OP50, was used to simulate this single-species biome. The addition of lactic acid bacteria to OP50 led to a significant improvement in the median and overall survival in simulated biomes, indicating their potential in probiotic therapy. The study analyzed the supplemented cultures in terms of C. elegans' morphology, locomotor behavior, reproduction, and stress responses, revealing unique characteristics and stress response patterns for each group. As the microbiome's influence on the health span gains interest, the study aims to understand the microbiome relationships that result in differential stress resistance and lifespans by supplementing microbiomes with Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides isolated from organic basil in C. elegans.

Legal Reconstruction of the Authority of Tapping by the Corruption Eradication Commission in Corruption Crime Investigation Based on Justice Value

This study aims to analyze the weaknesses and reconstruct regulations on the Authority of the Corruption Eradication Commission in Wiretapping Corruption Crimes which have not been fair so far because the regulation regarding wiretapping authority is still sectoral in nature and there is no specific law on wiretapping using the constructivism paradigm, the type of research in the form of non-doctrinal law, and a juridical-empirical approach. The results of this study show that the weaknesses in terms of legal culture include evidence used in criminal proof that is still limited to the Criminal Procedure Code and the law enforcement culture in Indonesia is still positivist in nature. The phrase "accountable to the supervisory board" in Article 12C paragraph (2) of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) Law) is not based on Pancasila values of justice and does not have binding legal force. Therefore, a legal reconstruction is needed by strengthening the authority of the Corruption Eradication Commission to carry out wiretapping to prevent and eradicate criminal acts of corruption through the reconstruction of Article 12C in particular Article 12C paragraph (2) of Law Number 19 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 30 of 2002 concerning The Corruption Eradication Commission stated that "Wiretapping which has been completed must be accounted for to the Leaders of the Corruption Eradication Commission and notified to the Supervisory Board no later than 14 (fourteen) working days after the Wiretapping was completed".