Tendency For Occurrence Research Articles

Investigating the Physiological Changes in the Cardiovascular System Across Ages 25 to 75 Years

The aim of the present study was to investigate the physiological changes that occur in the cardiovascular system with advancing age. 50 males and females, in the age group of 25–75 years, participated in the study. Clinical evaluation included assessment of heart rate, blood pressure, complete lipid profile and blood glucose in addition to details of medical history and personal habits, with particular regard to smoking habits and alcohol intake. Results showed that VO2max, sub-maximal heart rate and maximal heart rate were significantly negatively correlated to age (r = -0.523, -0.745 and -0.824 respectively), whereas blood pressure was significantly positively correlated to age (r =0.383). The study concluded that aging has a depreciatory effect on the cardiovascular functions causing a decline in the various physiological parameters of the cardiovascular system across ages 25 to 75 years, with an increased tendency of occurrence after 45 years of age.

Analysis of Industrial Waste in Wood Pellets and Co-combustion Products

The present work aims to explore the blending of inorganic industrial residues and wood in the pelletization and evaluate the effects in the combustion products. This procedure can provide an alternative route for residues disposal with the added benefit of energy recovery. However, as this study shows, some problems can arise. The pellets were produced from a mix of sawdust and six different residues: plastics, polymeric mould wastes, tire fluff, polishing dust, textile and shoemaking residues; in quantities ranging from 5 to 10 %. The chemical composition and physical characteristics, of both the raw residue materials and the different types of pellets produced, were evaluated. Afterwards, the combustion of the pellets was studied, and gas emissions and ashes were analyzed. The pellet production process presents some problems. The structure of some residues such as plastics, textiles and fluff, can decrease the mechanical strength and increase pellet fines. The co-combustion gas emissions of pellets with 10 % of shoemaking residues, 5 % of textiles and 10 % of plastics do not meet the legal concentration limits for CO. Moreover, the total concentration of heavy metals proved to be problematic in pellets with incorporation of 5 % of fluff. The pellets with incorporation of 10 % of plastics and 10 % of polishing dust presented some problems related to the formation of ash in the domestic boiler used. Indexes of slagging and fouling prediction indicate a high tendency for ash problems occurrence given the total alkalis present in all the pellets, and the silica/aluminum complex in the pellets with 10 % plastics.

Relations between epileptic seizures and headaches

PurposeTo describe headaches in patients with epilepsy and try to identify relations between epileptic seizures and headaches. MethodsCross-sectional study, with 304 patients from the epilepsy out-patient section of University Hospital of Federal University of Alagoas (Brazil) between February 2007 and February 2008. The presence of headaches and their relationships with the epileptic seizures were analyzed. ResultsFrequent seizures were associated with a greater tendency of occurrence of headaches (odds ratio=1.6 times, p=0.077). Headaches occurred in 66.1% of the cases. The highest occurrence was of migraine (32.9% of the patients), followed by tension-type headaches (9.2%). Two syndromes with a continuum epilepsy–migraine in the same seizure are worth mentioning: migralepsy in 6.6% and epilepgraine in 10.2% of the patients with epilepsy. ConclusionsA high prevalence of headaches in patients with epilepsy was observed, with emphasis on hybrid crises of epilepsy and migraine.

Modeling occurrence tendency of adventitious sounds and noises for detection of abnormal lung sounds

Diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema by using a stethoscope is based on the common knowledge that abnormal respiratory (adventitious) sounds usually appear in patients with pulmonary emphysema. However, the spectral similarity between adventitious sounds and noises at auscultation makes highly accurate automatic detection of adventitious sounds difficult. In this paper, we have proposed a novel method for distinguishing between normal lung sounds in healthy subjects and abnormal sounds, including adventitious sounds in patients, taking into account the occurrence tendency of adventitious sounds and noises. According to our investigation results, adventitious sounds occur repeatedly in successive inspiratory/expiratory phases of patients. On the other hand, noise sounds mix at random in lung sounds of both patients and healthy subjects. In our method, the occurrence tendency of these sounds is described using Gaussian distribution of a random variable obtained by subtracting the acoustic likelihood for abnormal respiration from the likelihood for normal respiration. The spectral likelihood calculated using hidden Markov models and the validity score of the occurrence tendency of the adventitious/noise sounds are combined to derive the classification result. Our method achieved a higher classification rate of 94.1% between normal and abnormal lung sounds than that achieved using the conventional method (87.4%).

Identification and characterization of calcium sparks in cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells.

IntroductionCa2+ spark constitutes the elementary units of cardiac excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling in mature cardiomyocytes. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes are known to have electrophysiological properties similar to mature adult cardiomyocytes. However, it is unclear if they share similar calcium handling property. We hypothesized that Ca2+ sparks in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs)-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) may display unique structural and functional properties than mature adult cardiomyocytes.Methods and resultsCa2+ sparks in hiPSC-CMs were recorded with Ca2+ imaging assay with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Those sparks were stochastic with a tendency of repetitive occurrence at the same site. Nevertheless, the spatial-temporal properties of Ca2+ spark were analogous to that of adult CMs. Inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels by nifedipine caused a 61% reduction in calcium spark frequency without affecting amplitude of those sparks and magnitude of caffeine releasable sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content. In contrast, high extracellular Ca2+ and ryanodine increased the frequency, full width at half maximum (FWHM) and full duration at half maximum (FDHM) of spontaneous Ca2+ sparks.ConclusionsFor the first time, spontaneous Ca2+ sparks were detected in hiPSC-CMs. The Ca2+ sparks are predominately triggered by L-type Ca2+ channels mediated Ca2+ influx, which is comparable to sparks detected in adult ventricular myocytes in which cardiac E-C coupling was governed by a Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) mechanism. However, focal repetitive sparks originated from the same intracellular organelle could reflect an immature status of the hiPSC-CMs.

2019 – Case report: comorbidity of malignant forms of anorexia nervosa and narcissistic personality disorder

Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder with a prevalence of circa five percent in young women population, with an increased tendency of frequent occurrence over the past twenty years. Although the diagnosis is relatively simple and straightforward, the treatment of these patients is often time-consuming and challenging for clinicians, as the occurrence of malignant and persistent forms of the condition is becoming ever more common. Resistant clinical diagnoses usually arise through comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. Counted among them, first of all, are personality disorders. A.N. is treated by means of using various groups of psychopharmacological drugs in combination with psychotherapeutic treatment, with intention to establish a favorable therapeutic relationship and stability of the patient. Psychotherapeutic part of the treatment gains in importance when the condition occurs in comorbidity with personality disorders. Supportive treatment measures, namely aggressive rehydration, caloric values compensation via probes and and catheters are often an integral part of the treatment, and become particularly important when faced with treating malignant forms of the condition. Presented case will show that the malignant forms of Anorexia Nervosa can only be understood through insight into the psychological foundations of personality and frequently accompanying disorders on Axis II (DSM-IV). The female patient in question displays a base borderline personality structure with dominant narcissistic tendencies which prompted the development of a malignant form of the condition and thus made the treatment significantly more difficult. Only early intervention with emphasis on the psychotherapy treatment can ensure a better long-term prognosis in such cases.

Recent Trends of Fire Occurrence in Sumatra (Analysis Using MODIS Hotspot Data): A Comparison with Fire Occurrence in Kalimantan

MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) hotspot and precipitation data for the most recent 11-year period (2002 to 2012) were analyzed to elucidate recent trends in the seasonal and spatial fire occurrence in Sumatra and the relationship with precipitation. Using a latitude line of S 0.5°, Sumatra was divided into two regions, N. (north) and S. (south) Sumatra. Different trends in seasonal fire occurrence were discussed and further defined by considering two different precipitation patterns. Analysis of hotspot (fire) data was carried out using 0.5° × 0.5° grid cells to evaluate recent trends of spatial fire occurrence. Analysis results of hotspot and precipitation data were also tallied every 10-day to find the relationship between seasonal fire occurrence and the dry season. Standard deviation (SD) and variance (V) were then used to evaluate fire occurrences in Sumatra and Kalimantan objectively. The relatively mild fire occurrence tendency in Sumatra compared to Kalimantan could be the result of different stages of forest development or the high deforestation rate in Sumatra compared with Kalimantan. This paper also shows that the two different seasonal fire activities in N. and S. Sumatra were closely related to the two different dry season types: a winter and summer dry season type (WD & SD) in N. Sumatra, and a summer dry season type (SD) in S. Sumatra. Extreme fire occurrences in the Dumai region in 2005 and Palembang region in 2006 could be partially explained by a severe drought occurrence enhanced by two different kinds of El Nino events.

Temporal patterns in severe hemoptysis requiring bronchial artery embolization

Background: Although some authors have suggested that there is some seasonal periodicity in hemoptysis, temporal patterns of hemoptysis have been poorly investigated. The aim of this study is to describe the temporal pattern of severe hemoptysis which required bronchial artery embolization (BAE). Methods: All consecutive patients with at least one episode of hemoptysis which required BAE during a 13-year period were included. Recurring hemoptysis requiring BAE in a patient with previous embolization was included as a new hemoptysis event, unless it occurred within one month from the prior event. Lineal regression was applied to compute the tendency of occurrence of cases along 13 years of record data. The daily and monthly distributions of embolizations were used to study the weekly and monthly seasonal indexes. Results: Hemoptysis requiring BAE occurred with some monthly variation demonstrated with two monthly peaks, with the first one occurring during April and the second one during November. Conclusion: Hemoptysis occurred with two monthly peaks. This seasonal trend might be due to different prevalence of respiratory tract infections or to some weather variables. Identification of significant environmental factors could be useful to improve preventive measures.

Temporal patterns in severe hemoptysis requiring bronchial artery embolization

BackgroundAlthough some authors have suggested that there is some seasonal periodicity in hemoptysis, temporal patterns of hemoptysis have been poorly investigated. The aim of this study is to describe the temporal pattern of severe hemoptysis which required bronchial artery embolization (BAE).MethodsAll consecutive patients with at least one episode of hemoptysis which required BAE during a 13-year period were included. Recurring hemoptysis requiring BAE in a patient with previous embolization was included as a new hemoptysis event, unless it occurred within one month from the prior event. Lineal regression was applied to compute the tendency of occurrence of cases along 13 years of record data. The daily and monthly distributions of embolizations were used to study the weekly and monthly seasonal indexes.ResultsHemoptysis requiring BAE occurred with some monthly variation demonstrated with two monthly peaks, with the first one occurring during April and the second one during November.ConclusionHemoptysis occurred with two monthly peaks. This seasonal trend might be due to different prevalence of respiratory tract infections or to some weather variables. Identification of significant environmental factors could be useful to improve preventive measures.

춘파호밀 리빙멀치가 잡초억제 및 콩 생산성에 미치는 영향

Establishment of mechanized soybean production system without herbicide is required for organic soybean production in recent. Effects of mechanized soybean planting with partial tillage between growing rye living mulch, which was sown in April or early May, on weed suppression, soybean early growth and yield were investigated with different rye sowing dates and locations in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Effect of rye living mulch on weed suppression at 40~50 days after soybean planting was high as much as 70~90% regardless of rye sowing dates. In particular, a strong suppression effect on the occurrence and growth of Echinochloa crus-galli which occupied 60~80% of total weed biomass was observed. Rye living mulch sown on April 9, of which biomass was more than that sown on April 27, inhibited soybean early growth severely and reduced soybean grain yield in 2007. However, soybean grain yield was no t reduced despite suppression of early growth of soybean plant by living mulch sown during from late April to early May compared with conventional planting. Rye sowing before late April was not proper considering tendency of weed occurrence in spring because of unfavorable changes in weed suppression, early growth and grain yield of soybean according to amount of living mulch.

Study of Predictive Method Based on SVM Optimal Model Selection

The computation time consuming and poor efficiency of prediction exist in the model selection of traditional SVM. By studing on kernel matrix, a SVM-based prediction method for selecting the optimal model framework SVR-D1.2 was proposed with the help of the kernel matrix’s symmetry and positive definition and kernel alignment. The method was applied to the prediction of wheat scab, and comparison experiments were done with the main existing methods. The result shows the method has more efficiency and precision of prediction in the occurrence tendency of wheat scab. Meanwhile, it is simple, practicable.

The behavior of some winter barley varieties in the climatic conditions of the central Moldavian plateau

This paper presents the enviromental testing research results of seven romania varieties of winter barley, experienced on Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) of Secuieni, Neamţ county, Romania, during 2007 - 2010. By this was followed the zoning of the most adjusted and efficient genotypes, increasing their biodiversity so that to reduce the genetic and ecological vulnerability of the agroecosystems. In the last three years (2007 - 2010) was revealed the tendency of large fluctuations occurrence, both in terms of rainfall and temperature, from a normal crop year (2007 - 2008) in a dry year (2008 - 2009) and a rainy year (2009 2010). In the crop year 2009 - 2010, because of spring weather conditions that favored the installation of pathogen agents (Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei, Pyrenophora graminea, Pyrenophora teres, Puccinia hordei), but especially of the rainfall fallen in the last decade of June, which negatively influenced the evolution of the barley crop and contributed to the quantity (by shaking the beans in the ear) and quality deteriorating of

Foundry Coating Technology: A Review

The importance of foundry coating in improving the surface quality of castings cannot be over emphasized. The application of mould and core washes creates a high thermal integrity barrier between the metal and the mould resulting in the reduction of the thermal shock experienced by the sand system. These thermal shock leads to series of surface defects such as veining/finning, metal penetration, burn-on/in, scab, rat tail, erosion etc. The use of coatings reduces the tendency of occurrence of these defects. However, the understanding of the coating, its components, characteristics and mechanism of action is important. In this review, a detailed description of these topics and examples are provided where necessary. A potential area of research in foundry coating development, using sol-gel process is suggested. The application of sol-gel technology in the development of foundry coatings is a novel approach.

Effect of Autonomic Dysfunction on P-Wave Dispersion in Patients with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

To provide information about the effect of autonomic dysfunction on P-wave dispersion, as a predictor of atrial fibrillation, in patients with spinal cord injury. Thirty patients with chronic traumatic spinal cord injury and 27 healthy controls were included in this study. The initial assessment of the patients included routine physical examination and evaluation of 12-lead electrocardiography. In the patient group, blood pressure and electrocardiography recordings were obtained during urodynamic assessment. The measurements of the P-wave duration were performed manually by two blinded investigators. P-wave dispersion was calculated as the difference between maximum P-wave duration and minimum P-wave duration. P-wave dispersion values of resting electrocardiography recordings in control and study groups were compared. In the patient group, subgroup analyses were also performed according to the injury level and severity and existence of autonomic dysfunction in examinations. P-wave dispersion values were greater in patients with spinal cord injury than in healthy controls. There was statistically significant difference between P-wave dispersion values of the patients with and without autonomic dysfunction. P-wave dispersion values at initial sensation of vesical filling were greater than those of the resting state in the patients without autonomic dysfunction. Our findings indicate that P-wave dispersion increases significantly in chronic spinal cord injured patients with autonomic dysfunction. This finding suggests a tendency for atrial fibrillation occurrence in patients with spinal cord injury, which may cause further cerebrovascular complications in this special subset of patients by creating a thromboembolic milieu.

철심과 권선을 이용한 전류제한기에 적용시킨 안정화층이 다른 YBCO Coated Conductor의 전류제한 특성에 관한 연구

The yttrium-barium-copper-oxide (YBCO) coated conductor, which supplement the fault of the existing superconducting current-limit materials YBCO thin film, bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper-oxide(BSCCO) wire and bulk, has been improved its mechanical weakness and has high index; hence, after quench YBCO coated conductor could limit the fault current effectively because of fast resistance occurrence speed. Furthermore, it has wide applicable area as an current limit material because it shows different resistance occurrence tendency by the thickness and kind of stabilization material sputtered on the superconducting layer. Therefore, many researchers are carrying out the study of application of YBCO coated conductor to superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) for making high quality current limit element, based on resistance type. On the other hand, the study for other type except resistance type has been rarely conducted for the application of YBCO coated conductor to SFCL as an current limit element. Consequently, in this study, YBCO coated conductor with different stabilization layer Cu and Stainless steel, is applied to SFCL using iron core and coil, and examine the many index points as an current limit element, such as current limit characteristic, the tendency of resistance occurrence, response time, the temperature trend for stability.

水先人の港内業務水域における衝突海難の発生傾向 : 伊勢三河湾・大阪湾港内業務水域の場合(奨学褒賞)

水先人の港内業務水域における衝突海難の発生傾向 : 伊勢三河湾・大阪湾港内業務水域の場合(奨学褒賞)

Evaluating and predicting the collapsing tendency of fully penetrated gas tungsten arc weld pools

In numerical modelling and simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena, it should be ensured that the output data have practical meaning, so that the models are capable of automatic judging and evaluation of functions to predict the collapsing tendency of a fully-penetrated weld pool for any input process parameters. In this study, a subprogram is combined with a comprehensive model for weld pool behaviours in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) to evaluate and predict the tendency or possibility of the weld pool collapsing so as to avoid over-penetration and/or burn-through. The forces acting on a weld pool are analysed in detail. A model of static force conditions for a fully-penetrated weld pool is developed, and a criterion is set up to judge and evaluate the tendency for occurrence of over-penetration and/or burn-through defects. The transient variations of the forces affecting surface deformation and collapse of the weld pool are computed, and the percentages of their influencing roles are obtained. For a specific material and workpiece thickness, the threshold values below which the burn-through phenomenon does not occur are determined, and compared to the experimental results.

지게차용 습식 브레이크 스퀼소음의 특성 및 측정실험에 관한 연구

Elimination of squeal noise occurred during brake application is an important task for the improvement of comforts in an industrial forklift. In this paper, a test rig was developed which was possible for testing of brake noise and an experimental measurement on squeal noise was performed. The causes of the brake noise are identified by experimenting how the factors such as automatic transmission fluid and rpm of drive axle affect the squeal. In order to identify the squeal characteristics, the signal analyses for noise are performed by using frequency spectrums. Also, brake test using a forklift was carried out to confirm the reliability of test results by using a test rig comparing with the occurrence of squeal noise. Experimental results showed that the tendencies of occurrence of squeal noise are well agreed at two test methods by using the test rig and forklift.

Information service platform of forest pest forecast based on WebGIS

Taking Linkou Forestry Bureau, Heilongjiang Province, China as the demonstration plot and Dendrolimus pinidiatrea as an example, we developed a WebGIS-based information service platform for forest pest forecast using J2EE and ArcGIS Server technology. The service platform is able to predict the occurrence period, amount of pest, occurrence tendency, and pest zones in the B/S environment and realized the display, querying, analysis and editing of the spatial data and the automatically integrated control of multilevel Data. Additionaly, the service platform offers the visualization of geographic service and predicted results. It provides a solution for prediction of forest pest and forest resource management.

水先人の乗下船および乗船時の人身事故発生傾向

水先人の乗下船および乗船時の人身事故発生傾向