This article is devoted to the study of the spatio-temporal relations of the novel “Two Captains” by V. Kaverin as genre-forming, which makes it possible to define the genre originality of the work as a synthetic form of an adventure novel with elements of a growing-up novel. The aim of the study is to identify the specifics of the chronotopic organization of V. Kaverin’s novel. The scientific novelty is determined by the fact that for the first time the genre originality of the novel “Two Captains” is comprehended through the identification of chronotope types and a detailed study of chronotopic relationships. As a result, it was found that, firstly, the chronotope of the novel is represented by a linear-chronological type (the stadial way of the protagonist); secondly, the temporal layers included in it (conceptual, perceptual, adventurous time) play a fundamentally significant semantic and plot role; thirdly, space is represented by the opposition of two key types of toposes (local space and geographically unlimited space of the outside world), which gradually expand as the personality of the protagonist develops.