Teenagers Research Articles

Factors influencing Teenage Pregnancy among Girls attending Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Uganda

Teenage pregnancy and subsequent childbirth to women less than 20 years of age continue to be a major global public health concern in both developed and developing countries, affecting more than 16 million girls and young women, or an estimated 11% of all births worldwide. This study determined the factors influencing teenage pregnancy among teenage girls aged 13–19 attending ANC at KIU-TH, Bushenyi District. A cross-sectional study design was employed for this study. Quantitative data was collected using structured interviews. Questionnaire tools were checked for their accuracy and data completeness, then the data was coded and entered into Epi Info version 7, then exported into SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify the determinant factors. A collinearity diagnostic test was conducted using tolerance to check for collinearity between independent variables and the interaction effect. Variables in the bivariable analysis having a p-value <0.2 were considered for the multivariate analysis to adjust the confounders. The strength and presence of a statistical association were assessed by the OR, p-value, and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Variables with a p-value ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant determinants of teenage pregnancy. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-offit test (p = 0.9289) was used to assess the fitness of the model. A total of 310 adolescents were included in the study, with a response rate of 100%. The majority (39.7%) were aged 16–17, and more than half (59.0%) were from rural areas. The proportion of teenage pregnancies among study participants was 19.0. In the multivariate logistic regression model, age, residence, parents’ marital status, level of education, monthly income, substance abuse, history of use of contraceptives, age of first sexual contact, and awareness of safe sex were statistically significant. The study showed a high prevalence of teenage pregnancy. Age, residence, parents’ marital status, level of education, monthly income, substance abuse, history of use of contraceptives, age of first sexual contact, and awareness of safe sex were found to have a statistically significant association. Keywords: Teenage pregnancy, Childbirth, Girls, Marital status, Age.

Gender and regional differences in the manifestation of emotional intelligence of the adolescents

The subject of the research is the study of sexual and regional differences in the manifestation of emotional intelligence of the adolescents. The object of the study is the emotional intelligence of the adolescents, which affects their self-regulation, relationships and expression of emotions. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the social environment, economic order and additional opportunities that determine the emotional stability and development of adolescents. Special attention is paid to the study of regional differences on the example of the quality level of educational institutions and cultural traditions. In addition, the peculiarities of adolescence, human rights, religion and religious education also lead to differences in the development of emotional intelligence. Each region has its own unique characteristics that affect how teenagers feel, react to other people and are able to solve life problems. The study used: the methodology "Diagnosis of the level of empathic abilities" (V.V. Boyko), the test "Assessment of emotional intelligence" (N.Hall), the test "Measurement of social intelligence" (J.Guilford), the methodology "Indicator of coping strategies" (adapted by V.M. Yaltonsky), a questionnaire "Learning with the help of 16 personality factors" (R.B. Ketell), the test "The level of personality claims" (V.K. Gerbachevsky). The main conclusions of the study are that by comparative analysis of the development of emotional intelligence of adolescents, considered by region, is possible to understand the influence of socio-cultural (regional) environmental factors and conditions on the experiences, goals and situations of adolescents. The peculiarities of adolescence, human rights, religious and upbringing lead to differences in the development of emotional intelligence of adolescent boys and girls. The main contribution of the author to the topic of the study is the confirmation of significant differences in terms of dominance and subordination (Y=37062,000; p"0.05). Thus, the desire for dominance is stronger in teenage girls than in teenage boys. The advantage of teenage girls is that they are most able to understand concepts, control their emotions, and establish empathic relationships with others, which plays an important role in increasing their emotional stability. Teenage boys are stronger in self-expression than teenage girls. Their skills of self-expression and negotiation make them stronger in their quest for dominance.

Level of menarche anxiety before and after adolescent reproductive health education in SDN 19 Lahat Students

Women experience menstruation at different ages which makes it difficult for young girls to explain what is happening to their bodies. The lack of information they get from them makes them unprepared and unable to manage their menstruation properly. Thus, teenage girls have feelings of fear, anxiety, discomfort which are signs of anxiety. Anxiety can be reduced by providing interventions in the form of adequate reproductive health education to female students before menarche through video media, presentations, discussions and questions and answers. The experimental approach will be used in this study, with a pre-experimental design and a pretest and posttest one group design. Because the study was conducted on variables for which data did not yet exist, it was necessary to modify the process by administering certain treatments to the research subjects, which were then observed/measured. From 38 respondents, before the intervention, it was known that 22 respondents (58%) were known not to be anxious, 4 respondents (11%) experienced mild anxiety, 7 respondents (18%) experienced moderate anxiety, 5 respondents (13%) experienced anxiety severe and there were no respondents with very severe anxiety. Folowing the health education interventin, it was discovered that 25 respondents (66%) did not experience anxiety, 6 respondents (16%) experienced mild anxiety, 4 respondents (11%) experienced moderate anxiety, 3 respondents (8%) experienced severe anxiety and did not There were respondents with very severe levels of anxiety. There is a significant difference in the level of anxiety facing menarche before and after being given reproductive health education to SD Negeri 19 Lahat students.

Syndrome of hyperandrogenism in adolescent girls

The diagnosis of hyperandrogenism may be based on clinical manifestations or on determining the blood level of androgens. Causes of hyperandrogenism in the peripubertal period are polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), non-classical forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH), androgen-producing tumors, obesity, idiopathic hirsutism, and other rare causes. Physiological hyperandrogenism of peripubertal period passes within 2 years. PCOS affects from 4 to 21% of women of reproductive age and from 6 to 18% of adolescent girls. To date, there is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria for PCOS in teenage girls. At least, three symptoms are necessary: menstrual disorders, clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. Diagnosis of NCCAH includes measurement of the level of 17-hydroxyprogesterone and a test with adrenocorticotropic hormone. The purpose of the treatment of these diseases is to reduce the manifestations of hyperandrogenism, regulate the menstrual cycle and improve the quality of life. Effective methods of pharmacotherapy are combined oral contraceptives and antiandrogens. An important stage is lifestyle changes in PCOS and obesity patients.

The Relationship Between Animal Protein Consumption Patterns and the Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls at MTS Darul Hidayah Sriminosari, East Lampung

MTs Darul Hidayah is one of 7 schools whose teenage girls experience anemia at the highest rate of 70% in the Labuhan Maringgai Community Health Center Nutrition Program. The condition of iron nutritional anemia is caused by several interrelated factors, including the insufficient amount of iron in food due to low consumption of animal protein sources. Therefore, research was conducted which aimed to analyze the relationship between animal protein consumption patterns and the incidence of anemia in young women at MTs Darul Hidayah. The type of research is quantitative with an analytical survey method using a cross sectional design approach. The research was carried out in December 2022 at MTs Darul Hidayah. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling. The population in this study were all 101 young women at MTs Darul Hidayah classes VII, VIII and IX. The total sample after screening was 69 young women who had anemia, where each class had a sample to represent and meet the inclusion criteria. Data on animal consumption patterns was obtained using the FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) Form. Hemoglobin levels were measured using a Family Dr. The statistical test used for analysis is the Fisher Exact Test. The research results show that 69.6% of young women never consume animal protein, 53.6% have chronic energy deficiency and 55.1% have moderate anemia. The results of the statistical test analysis show that there is a relationship between animal protein consumption patterns and the incidence of anemia in young women at MTs Darul Hidayah Sriminosari East Lampung with a p-value = 0.007 (p-value <0.05). So, it is concluded that there is a relationship between animal protein consumption patterns and the incidence of anemia in young women at MTs Darul Hidayah.

Media’s Effect in Arbitrating the Status and Concept of Womanhood from the 20th & 21st Century

This investigation depicts a multitude of influences that the media and literature have on the understanding of what precisely the definition of feminism is within modern-day society. Regarding the media, especially when at the hands of young teen girls, it can be highly excruciating as a plethora of young girls have access to debilitating and intoxicating sites such as those that are known as “pro-ana” websites, which encourages the unhealthy view of girl’s bodies. Conversely, the movie “Barbie” has had impactful strides when vying to enforce hyper-feminism and bimbo feminism within the Western hemisphere. Within the applications regarding social media, most women have encountered a haven to express their experiences and the traumatizing past events that have shaped them, including the MeToo movement. Throughout the utilization of surveys via online means, women have identified as feminists who vie to fight for women’s rights, yet they majorly downplay the adverse effects of femininity. The literature that contains feminist viewpoints often is not by each other, which promotes diverse thinking but inhibits a constant view of what feminism is. Additionally, feminist movements have risen throughout the globe, especially in Iran, after the assassination of a young woman after a hijab violation, which shows that no nation is entirely free of feminist aspirations and ideologies. Thus, many countries with diverse feminist perspectives have collaborated to promote feminist interconnectedness.

Individual and community-level determinants of knowledge about fertile periods among adolescent girls and young women (10–24 years) in Sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel mixed effect analysis of a recent demographic and health survey

BackgroundIdentifying fertility periods accurately will protect teenage girls and young women from unintended pregnancies and related complications. However, in Sub-Saharan Africa, knowledge of the fertile period among adolescent girls and young women is not well studied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess adolescents' and young women's knowledge regarding fertility periods and its determinants in Sub-Saharan Africa. MethodsThe most recent demographic and health surveys' data were used. The study had 140,064 participants in all. The data was analyzed using STATA/SE version 14. Using a multilevel logistic regression model, factors associated with knowledge of fertile periods have been determined. P-values <0.05 showed the significance of the factors associated with the outcome variable. The data were interpreted using the adjusted odds ratio and confidence interval. The best-fit model was determined to be the one with the highest logliklihood ratio and the lowest deviance. ResultsOne in five (20%) women between the ages of 10 and 24 had accurate knowledge about the fertile period. Age (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.40, 1.49), educational level (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.60, 1.77), knowledge of family planning (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.27, 1.39), distance (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI: 2.02, 2.98), residence (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10), and low community poverty (AOR = 3.06, 95% CI: 3.01, 3.12) had higher odds of knowledge about fertile period. ConclusionThis research finds that adolescents and young women in sub-Saharan Africa have low knowledge of the reproductive period. It was discovered that factors at the individual and communal levels influence women's knowledge of the fertile period. While developing policies and strategies, the health ministries of Sub-Saharan African countries had to take into consideration input from women whose experiences indicated that obtaining reproductive health services was hindered by distance.

Peningkatan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja melalui Pos Kesehatan Remaja di SMPN 1 Rancaekek dan SMA 5 Muhammadiyah Wilayah Puskesmas Rancaekek

Adolescence is a period of rapid growth and development, both physically, psychologically and intellectually. Adolescent reproductive health problems include premarital sex, early marriage, early pregnancy, drugs, and HIV/AIDS. WHO (2015) states that around 21 million teenage girls become pregnant every year and almost half (49%) experience unwanted pregnancies. Another problem that affects adolescent health is anemia. According to WHO, the prevalence of anemia in Indonesian women is 23.9%, which has an impact on stunted physical growth, behavioral and emotional disorders, decreased productivity, impaired mental and intellectual development, as well as decreased body immunity and morbidity. Along with physical and psychological changes, teenagers must adapt to the changes that occur to them. During the menstrual period, the problem of dysmenorrhea appears, which has an impact on the daily activities carried out by teenagers at school. The Community Service that will be carried out is the Formation and Training of Adolescent Health Post Management (PoKeRja) and Providing Health Education to all students. The results of implementing this activity showed that before providing education, more than half had sufficient knowledge (53.8%) and after providing education, they had good knowledge (59.6%) regarding health in adolescents. The Adolescent Health Post has been established with support from partner schools SMA 5 Muhammadyah and SMPN 1 Rancaekek as well as students who are administrators of the adolescent health post at their school.

Strategies for recruitment of adolescent girls into physical activity programmes: a systematic review protocol.

Physical activity is essential for youth physical and mental health, yet just 15% of adolescent girls versus 22% of adolescent boys worldwide meet the World Health Organization guideline of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day. As activity patterns established in adolescence often persist into adulthood, there is a looming risk of adverse health outcomes due to insufficient physical activity. A persistent challenge faced by physical activity providers, however, is recruiting adolescent girls into their programmes. This systematic review will quantitatively synthesise existing knowledge surrounding the recruitment of adolescent girls into physical activity interventions and aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for optimal recruitment practices. Five electronic databases will be searched to identify randomised controlled trials of physical activity interventions for adolescent girls worldwide. Hand-searches of reference lists of included randomised controlled trials, relevant systematic reviews, and author publications will also be conducted. Data will be extracted regarding study, participant, and intervention characteristics, pre-determined recruitment goals, recruitment strategies employed, and the number of participants screened, eligible, approached, randomised, and retained. Outcomes will include whether pre-determined recruitment goals were met, recruitment rate, and any adapted or extended recruitment measures required mid-study. Descriptive statistics, including the median recruitment rate for all included studies, will be calculated and stratified by subgroups such as the type or setting of physical activity. Recruitment strategies will be categorised, and the percentage of studies using each category, along with their associated recruitment rates, will be documented. If sufficient studies are found, multi-variable regression will be employed to determine if the use of a specific recruitment strategy increases enrolment. Application of the findings of this review by physical activity programme providers may enhance their recruitment processes, potentially increasing teenage girls' physical activity enrolment worldwide. PROSPERO CRD#42023475858.

Reported language choice and usage of teenage Mauritians

Abstract This article investigates language choice and usage of teenage Mauritians and possible variations due to gender differences. Drawing on quantitative and qualitative data from our investigation, we analyse language differences in male and female students when interacting with peers, using social media, evaluating language preference and making future plans. The findings reveal that teenage girls are more likely to use trilingual combinations (English, French, Kreol) in everyday interactions with friends and on social media whereas boys tend to favour Kreol predominantly. Respondents’ language attitudes towards English and French were influenced by academic success, opportunities for global mobility and employment. Positive attitudes towards Kreol were associated with its role as the Mauritian native language that allows ease of communication. Quadralingual combinations (English, French, Kreol and an Asian heritage language) were low, but preference for heritage languages was related to one’s cultural and ancestral ties as well as career prospects.

Effectiveness of Adding Tomato Juice to Fe Tablet Supplementation on the Hemoglobin Levels of Anemic Adolescent Girls in Class XII at SMK Negeri 1 Sukanagara, Indonesia

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in adolescent girls is a serious public health problem. Iron supplementation is one of the most effective efforts to control ADB. The addition of tomato juice to Fe tablet supplementation is expected to increase iron absorption and reduce side effects. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of adding tomato juice to Fe tablet supplementation on the hemoglobin levels of anemic teenage girls in class XII at SMK Negeri 1 Sukanagara, Indonesia.&#x0D; Methods: This research used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest with control group design. The research sample was 60 anemic teenage girls in class Fe tablet supplementation. The intervention was carried out for 4 weeks. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after intervention. Data were analyzed using the t-test.&#x0D; Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels between the intervention group and the control group after the intervention (p&lt;0.05). Hemoglobin levels in the intervention group increased by an average of 1.2 g/dL, while in the control group, they only increased by an average of 0.5 g/dL.&#x0D; Conclusion: The addition of tomato juice to Fe tablet supplementation is effective in increasing hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls.

PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MENUJU REMAJA SEHAT BEBAS ANEMIA

Anemia often occurs in teenage girls. Lack of knowledge and awareness in efforts to prevent anemia are factors causing the high incidence of anemia in adolescents. There are many impacts that occur when anemia is left untreated, and can even have long term impacts. This community service activity uses a participant active learning approach with interactive lecture and discussion methods focusing on health education about anemia with 80 participants. The result of this health education activity is an increase in participants knowledge. The hope is that participants can apply the knowledge gained in everyday life, such as consuming balanced nutricious food, doing regular physical activity and taking blood suplement tablets.&#x0D;

The Effect Of Education With The Adolescent Reproductive Health Module On Increasing Peer Counselors' Knowledge About Family Life Planning In Pelamunan Village

Early marriages in Indonesia result in various detrimental impacts, encompassing psychological, social, and health aspects. Psychologically, teenagers marrying early often struggle to navigate their emotional well-being amidst household challenges, contributing to an escalating divorce rate within this demographic. Additionally, early marriage poses significant risks to reproductive health, particularly for teenage girls, leading to complications such as premature birth, bleeding, and low birth weight (LBW) babies. Consequently, this trend contributes to the rising maternal and infant mortality rates. To address these issues, an analysis is conducted to understand the impact of providing education through e-modules on enhancing teenagers' knowledge concerning family planning preparation. The research employs a Quasi Experiment pre-test post-test design with a control group. The study focuses on peer counselors within the Kramatwatu Family Planning Hall work area, totaling 17 students, utilizing total sampling as the sampling technique. Findings reveal a notable improvement in peer counselors' average knowledge, increasing from 61.47 before education to 75.59 afterward, indicating a difference of 14.09. Statistical tests using the T-Test result in a significant p-value of 0.000 ? 0.05, leading to the acceptance of Ha or rejection of Ho. Hence, it can be concluded that there is a substantial increase in knowledge among peer counselors in the control group regarding Family Life Planning. Future research endeavors should explore the development of peer counseling modules covering diverse topics beyond family planning to comprehensively address the needs of adolescents.

Features of measures to prevent victim behaviour among adolescents in Kazakhstan

Relevance. The relevance of the study is due to the need to expand the methods of prevention of victim behaviour, which are taught by future social educators, due to the growing demand for reducing the level of domestic violence in Kazakhstan by helping teenage girls in difficult life situations.Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to identify effective methods of preventing victim behaviour in adolescent girls and compile a methodology for preventing the consolidation of the victim component of the personality.Methodology. The leading approach to this problem is the longitudinal research method, which allowed achieving the set goal and evaluating the effectiveness of the developed methodology for preventing victim behaviour. The following methods were also used in the course of the study: testing using the methodology for determining the propensity to victim behaviour, natural experiment, observation, classification, comparative method, system analysis, synthesis, deduction, and analysis of scientific sources.Results. The paper presents the results of a longitudinal study, which showed the effectiveness of the proposed technique at the level of 37.9% for teenage girls with previously identified victimisation. The paper also reveals the individual factors of victim behaviour formation, describes the processes of social and personal activity that directly affect the formation of a person's self-esteem, identifies the features of self-esteem of teenage girls, suggests a number of measures and practices aimed at preventing and reducing victimisation by adjusting self-esteem to a normal level, justifies the choice of proposed measures and practices aimed at to prevent and reduce victim behaviour in the selected category.Conclusions. The materials of the study are of practical value for theorists and practitioners of social pedagogy due to the fact that the developed programme for the prevention of victim behaviour has been tested empirically and has shown its effectiveness when used in working with students of middle and high schools.

EFEKTIVITAS PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MAGIC SPINNING WHELL TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PERSONAL HYGIENE REMAJA PUTRI SMPN 1 SERIRIT

Maintaining the correct and adequate application of personal hygiene by teenagers can prevent infections and co-morbidities. The provision of health knowledge needs to be given through a media that is easy to understand and interesting, hence that teenagers are motivated to know, understand and accept the information given. One example is by using a colorful game media namely the magic spinning wheel. The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of health education through the media of a magic spinning wheel on the personal hygiene knowledge of teenage girls at Junior High School 1 Seririt. This study employed a quantitative research design with the Pre-Experimental method through the One Group Pre-Test and Post-Test design. The sample recruited in this study was 89 teenage girls through probability sampling and simple random sampling. The data were analyzed through the Non-Parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test had a p-value of 0.000. The treatment in the form of health education through the media of a magic spinning wheel was proven to be effective on the personal hygiene knowledge of teenage girls at Junior High School 1 Seririt. Conclusion it is suggested that health workers and teachers could use the magic spinning wheel media as one of the health education methods for teenage girls at school, hence it would be more interesting and could foster curiosity among teenage girls about health information.

Changes in mental rigidity and attitude to one's body during treatment of adolescent girls suffering from anorexia nervosa

The authors, considering domestic and foreign studies of cognitive rigidity/flexibility and ideas about one's own body in anorexia nervosa, note the practical lack of research on both dynamics and ideas about the existence and nature of the connection between these psychological characteristics of girls suffering from anorexia nervosa. The object of the study was psychological characteristics, namely, mental rigidity, cognitive flexibility and the attitude of teenage girls suffering from anorexia nervosa to their bodies. The subject of the study was the change in the level of rigidity/flexibility and negative attitude towards one's body, as well as their relationship during inpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa. Objectives of the study: to identify changes in the characteristics of mental rigidity and attitude to one's body, as well as in the nature of the relationship between cognitive rigidity, flexibility and attitude to the body from the beginning to the end of inpatient treatment of adolescents suffering from anorexia nervosa. Teenage girls (13-17 years old) with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa participated in the study conducted at the Center for the Study of Eating Disorders (CIRP) in Moscow. Used: the classic J. R. Stroop test, a simplified version of the Tomsk rigidity questionnaire, a questionnaire of cognitive flexibility, a questionnaire "Attitude to one's body". A factor analysis of the relationship of the studied parameters was carried out. A special contribution of the authors of the study is proof that a negative attitude towards one's body in anorexia nervosa, both at the beginning and at the end of inpatient treatment, positively correlates with a high level of rigidity and a low level of flexibility, as well as the fact that the nature of this relationship fundamentally changes from the beginning to the end of inpatient treatment. The novelty of the study lies in the discovery that from the beginning to the end of inpatient treatment, a shift in the psychological problem occurs: low cognitive flexibility, as well as the inability to identify with one's body, cease to be the main problem, and a negative assessment of the attractiveness of one's body for oneself comes to the fore, which at the end of inpatient treatment should become a specific target for psychotherapeutic work. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that it allows to identify the targets of psychological work (psychotherapeutic, correctional, rehabilitation) and their change from the beginning to the end of inpatient treatment.

Pelatihan dan Bimbingan Permainan Bola Voli untuk Remaja di Usia Produktif

The aim of this activity is to provide training and guidance in playing volleyball for teenagers of productive age. The method used is a demonstration which consists of two stages. In stage I, the team provided material that was carried out during service activities, such as passing, smash, serve and block techniques. Stage II is direct practice of the material that has been delivered until completion while the service team carries out the activities. In phase II, the team did it in stages over several weeks. The team carries out training three times a week so that what the team provides can be quickly understood by them so they can be more enthusiastic and healthier. On the first day when providing training, the teenagers were enthusiastic about doing the exercises, but they got tired easily because it was the first time doing the activity, but their enthusiasm and enthusiasm was enough to make the team happy because many people took part in the training. The team was divided into two fields, one field for teenage boys and another field for teenage girls. The youth leader helps the team provide training. The youth leader helps provide training to teenage girls, and the service implementation team provides training to teenage boys. The service activities were carried out well as indicated by the teenagers being very enthusiastic, because their parents paid attention to them while the team was carrying out training activities. The results achieved are that through this service activity we can provide solutions to the problems experienced by partners. In this case, the people in Padamulya Village, Majalaya District, Bandung Regency are starting to open themselves up to participate in afternoon activities in the form of gymnastics carried out at the village office. This activity is very beneficial for health and immunity. This activity opens up people's mindset about the importance of maintaining health. Knowledge about health increases and can be applied towards a healthy society, and is an activity that has succeeded in encouraging people's interest in maintaining health, both their own health in particular and the Padamulya Village community in general.

Hubungan HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASA TUBUH DENGAN PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS)

PMS often occurs in teenage girls which appears with a set of symptoms both mental and physical and behavioral during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle around 7-10 days before menstruation and disappears when menstrual blood comes out. One of the factors causing the syndrome is Body Mass Index. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Body Mass Index and premenstrual syndrome. The formula used in selecting respondents was total sampling with a cross-sectional approach. The assessment form used is SPAF and data analysis used Spearman rank to measure the relationship between Body Mass Index and PMS in Harapan Bangsa University. The conclusion of this study there is a relationship between BMI and PMS p: 0.00 and the relationship is quite close (0.456). Women with PMS disorders have low serotonin levels which causes early or late ovulation. This can trigger the hormones estrogen and progesterone, which cause complaints such as breast pain and bloating. At the same time, an increase in the hormone prostaglandin causes the uterus to contract which causes abdominal pain during the menstrual cycle.&#x0D; Keywords: Body Mass Indeks, premenstrual syndrome, female student

“Well, That’s What She Gets…”: Black Teenage Girls’ Sexual and Reproductive Choice in Young Adult Literature

Using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) this article explores the discourse around Black girl sexuality, teenage pregnancy, and teenage motherhood as depicted within Black authored young adult literature.

Sexual Risk Behavior and its Impact on Unwanted Pregnancy Among Adolescents

Sexual activity among adolescents is increasingly alarming; the results of a national survey identified about 4.5% of teenage boys and 0.7% of teenage girls have had sexual intercourse that triggers unwanted pregnancies. This study analyzed the influence of risky sexual behavior factors in adolescents on the incidence of unwanted pregnancy. This research is a secondary data analysis sourced from Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data in 2017 using a cross-sectional design. The study sampled 15-24-year-olds who had sexual intercourse with as many as 1532 people. Data were analyzed univariately while bivariate analysis using Chi-Square test and multivariate analysis with logistic regression test of the risk factor model. The results showed unwanted pregnancy occurred in 8.6% of adolescents who had a history of having sexual intercourse. In addition, it will be 4.5 times greater risk of unwanted pregnancy occurred in adolescents who performed risky behaviors such as fingering and stimulating each other after being controlled by variable confounding age and age when first having sex (PR = 4.570). Therefore, equal access to reproductive health education is needed both in educational institutions and in the community as an effort to prevent unwanted pregnancy.