Development Of Technology Parks Research Articles

Current Status and Features of the Development of Technoparks in Ukraine

Introduction. The R&D potential of innovation infrastructure entities is a key factor in the implementation of innovation-driven development of the national economy, with technology park being precisely the innovation structure that unites it, ensuring the functioning of the model.Problem Statement. Many aspects of regulatory, financial, and information framework of technoparks have been not settled so far. Methodological approaches to assessing the park efficiency have been underdeveloped. In this context, there is the necessity in the theoretical justification and the formation of a holistic view of the status and features of their activity in the conditions of the protracted aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine.Purpose. The purpose of the research is to analyze the problems of domestic technology parks, to identify their capabilities, and to determine the trends in their development under the present-day conditions.Material and Methods. The methods of dialectical and complex research have been employed: the empirical evaluation to identify the available methods of evaluating the activity of technoparks; the theoretical and cognitive analysis to determine the essence and to justify the features of technology parks; the general methods to identifymethodological problems of integrating technology parks into the financial system and describing approaches to the concept of an innovation form of business.Results. The development of technology parks in Ukraine, their government support, systematized criteria for evaluating their efficiency have been analyzed. It has been determined that the priority in the creation of technology parks should be given to industries with high export potential. It has been proven that technology parks minimize the duration of the "research-development-implementation" cycle, the main tasks for their improvement in Ukraine have been outlined.Conclusions. Technoparks are the most successful form of integration of science and production, which ensures rapid development, implementation, and use of innovations. Improving the legal framework for their operation in order to create the same operating conditions for all, not only for "selected" technology parks, increases competition between them, while modernizing the tax policy contributes to the growth of in-house sources of financing and their direction to the development of promising innovation projects.

Technology Parks in High Tech Sphere: New Legislation Analysis

The desire of our country to provide favorable conditions for the creation of competitive digital innovations and technologies is conditioned by the need to achieve technological sovereignty and ensure national security. In this regard, today it is extremely important to work on increasing the innovative activity of business entities, including through the creation of the innovation infrastructure they need, in particular technology parks. The paper is devoted to the study of the formation and development of technology parks in the world, as well as the genesis of their legal regulation in Russia. Until recently, the regulation of technology parks was fragmentary, but the situation has changed. Federal Law No. 488‑FZ of December 31, 2014 «On Industrial Policy» was supplemented with regulations as to technology parks in the high tech field. The use of methods of comparative legal and formal legal analysis revealed the positive aspects of the legislative novel; there was an attempt to regulate technology parks in the field of high technologies at the federal level. The definition of technology parks was given. Alongside with these disadvantages were also revealed: the possibility of creating such technology parks and obtaining support measures only if they meet the objectives of the Federal Law «On Industrial Policy»; lack of regulations governing the activities of technology park residents and measures to support them). The author concludes that it is necessary to adopt an independent federal regulatory legal act as to relations arising from the creation of technology parks in the field of digital innovations and technologies, the establishment of a stimulating legal regime for entrepreneurship in the field of digital innovations and technologies of their residents, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of technology parks. The structure and content of the draft regulatory legal act on technology parks in the field of digital innovations and technologies are proposed.

ПРОБЛЕМНІ АСПЕКТИ ТА МЕХАНІЗМИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ РОЗВИТКОМ ЖИТЛОВОГО ФОНДУ В УКРАЇНІ

In the study, the attention to the problems of formation and implementation of the state housing policy, in particular in the part of the development of the country's housing stock, is updated. The purpose of the study was to identify problematic aspects, as well as to substantiate effective mechanisms for regulating the development of the housing stock in Ukraine. The most problematic aspects of social housing construction in Ukraine are identified and the problems in this area, which have worsened in connection with full-scale military operations, are emphasized. Areas of improvement of the state policy of activation of social housing construction have been identified. Problematic aspects of state management of the development of the general housing stock of the state are pointed out. The most promising mechanisms that should be used to increase the efficiency of the state policy of increasing the volume of housing construction in Ukraine are identified, which in particular relate to: popularization of integrated systems, organizational measures, provision of information exchange, state financing of projects, assistance in the formation of cooperation networks, elimination of bureaucratic obstacles to cooperation, resource support for the activity of construction clusters and their participants, promoting the development of technology parks and business incubators. 
 The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the further development of the toolkit of the state policy of stimulating the increase in volumes and increasing the efficiency of housing construction in the country.
 The applied value of the research results consists in determining the applied mechanisms and tools of state policy to improve the provision of housing for the population of Ukraine, in particular in the conditions of a full-scale war and its critically negative consequences for the social sphere and the country's system.

Analysis of Trending Hi-Tech and Software Industry in Bangladesh

Hi-Tech/Software Technology parks are being developed in many countries to create an efficient work environment for knowledge based industrial development. Major aim of these technology parks is to attract foreign companies to set up operations and to transfer the indigenous technological capability for the development of the local industries. The aim of this work is to find out factors that influence technology park development and a suitable strategic framework for successful implementation of Hi-Tech (HTP) and Software Technology Park (STP) in Bangladesh. For this study Analytic Hierarchy Process is applied as a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method (MCDM) which is a technology assessment tool. The assessment has been conducted by considering infrastructure, strategic & business support & governance as criteria and basic facility, digital facility, social facility, research & strategic facility, industrial chain & innovation facility, capacity development, policy support, operational modality, and park management as sub criteria. IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software also used for identifying the key variables.

SERVICE COMPONENT OF INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE IMPACT ASSESSMENT: A REGIONAL EXAMPLE

Changes in the world economy and the crisis of 2020 have aggravated the problem of structural stability of the economy and economic security. Under these conditions, the demand for services in the creative economy will grow dynamically, as the most valuable goods are ideas, imagination and creativity. The aim of the article is to consider the impact of the service component on innovative development at the regional level. Methodology. For the purposes of the study, the main types of services provided by the most common institutional forms of innovation infrastructure are summarized. Classification by the criterion of the type of services is useful for monitoring the provision of the innovation system with different elements of innovation infrastructure. Services are considered in the applied context of assessing the effectiveness of innovation policy at the regional level. On the basis of analysis of world practice of innovation policy the spheres of financial and economic stimulation of innovation activity within which the corresponding service component can be considered are determined. Results. Within the framework of alternative approaches to neoclassical economics, based on evolutionary economics and Schumpeterian economics, the authors argue for services as an important component of a proactive industrial policy that can address these failures and is based on the institution of mentoring, small business service provision, development of technology parks and much more. The main types of services provided by the most common institutional forms of innovation infrastructure are summarized. Classification of services is based on the criterion of the type of services, useful for monitoring the provision of the innovation system with various elements of innovation infrastructure. Services were considered in the applied context of assessing the effectiveness of innovation policy at the regional level. Practical implications. On the basis of analysis of the world practice of innovation policy the spheres of financial and economic stimulation of innovation activity, within which the corresponding service component was considered, were determined. Value/originality. Longitudinal data and relevant calculations provide a better understanding of the impact of innovation infrastructure services on the main economic indicators of regional development.

ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПАРКІВ В СВІТІ ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ В ВОЄННИЙ ТА ПОВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД

Introduction. The development of innovative activity should be considered one of the strategic directions of the economic development of Ukraine in the war and post-war period. It ensures the transition of the country's economy to a higher technological level, and accordingly contributes to the increase of the country's competitiveness. The country's competitiveness depends on the level of development of technology parks, which can specialize in the development of one industry (specialized technology parks) or many industries (general technology parks), as well as develop several areas of specialization (semi-specialized technology parks). Their industry structure is represented by such directions as conducting research in the field of technologies; provision of information services; development of high-tech industry, trade in high-tech goods, technologies in the field of space and ocean exploration; production of new materials; training of highly qualified scientific personnel. When evaluating the activity of technology parks, we came to the conclusion that they should meet such parameters as territorial location, location depending on the size of the city, location in relation to the university, the total area occupied by the technology park, green areas, built-up area (the total area of all premises located in the technology park), the number of companies located in the technology park, the number of jobs created, basic and auxiliary services, areas of activity, ownership structure, etc. Materials and methods. The information base of the study was made up of statistical materials, regulatory and legal acts, national programs for the development of technology parks. Positive international experience in the development of technological parks can be used in Ukraine in the war and post-war periods for the purpose of economic recovery of the country. Results and discussion. As a result of the conducted research on the functioning of technological parks in the world, it was found that the main factors of their functioning (physical-geographical location, economic-geographical location) exist in the countries. Unlike the countries of the world, there are factors in Ukraine that restrain the development of technological parks, in particular, the presence of military actions in connection with Russia's attack on Ukraine. In this regard, proposals have been developed to improve the regulatory and legal framework in terms of the functioning of technology parks; development of network cooperation; attraction of funds from international financial organizations on program principles, etc. Conclusions. On the basis of the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of technological parks, proposals for their activation in Ukraine in the war and post-war periods have been developed. A significant development is the development of proposals in the direction of introducing the mechanism of public-private partnership in technological parks in Ukraine, taking into account the peculiarities of the experience of the countries of the world.

ДЕРЖАВНО-ПРИВАТНЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО У СФЕРІ ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ

The article examines the use of public-private partnership in education, one of the most important in the social sphere. The experience of using public-private partnership projects in foreign countries, such as Great Britain, Northern Ireland, Japan and the Republic of Korea, is analyzed. The mechanisms of cooperation between the state and the private partner are described, and the positive sides are shown on concrete examples of functioning public-private partnership projects in the world. A qualitatively distinctive feature of the pattern of interaction between the state, business and educational institutions is that it should take into account the impact of PPP on society through the social orientation of educational services, as well as the implementation of public functions and implementation of state educational policy. PPP's priority areas are innovation-oriented infrastructure projects and projects in the fields of science, technology and education. Strategic partnership of educational institutions, research organizations and enterprises is expressed in long-term agreements and programs of cooperation in research and education; namely staff, resources and financial support for joint activities; purposeful training of personnel at enterprises; conducting joint research, research and development work; creation of joint structures of educational, scientific and innovative profiles. Forms of partnership cooperation are the development of technology parks, resource centers and technology transfer centers, which provides for public-private partnership in the field of research, project efforts to create innovative products, modernization of technological processes and more. It is believed that PPPs will ease financial constraints, as the private sector itself makes huge investments within PPPs. As the private and public sectors complement, the overall resource base should increase. As the resource base increases, access to education will improve and the quality of education will improve. In the absence of PPPs with limited public resources, the education system can be severely affected. In such circumstances, PPP is seen as the main, though not the only option for the development of education.

Technoparks as Centers of Regional Economic Development

In the modern world, socio-economic and political leadership of a country is based on the generation of new knowledge, its commercialization and use in all areas of human activity, it being an important prerequisite for improving the competitiveness of the state. To achieve this goal, individual elements of the national innovation system including the main components of the innovation infrastructure are being formed in many constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The article discusses an important component of the industrial and technological innovation infrastructure - technology parks. The dynamics of technology parks development in Russia since 1990, their functions, specialization and efficiency of functioning are revealed. The conclusion is made about how the increasing number of technology parks influences on socio-economic and innovative development of the regions in Russia. Further development of regional innovation systems based on the development of technology parks in the field of high technologies is associated with the development of effective marketing mechanisms for the commercialization of innovations, improving the quality of education and its focus on innovation issues. The applied focus of scientific research should be accompanied by the diversification of the innovation-technological complex in accordance with the priority directions of technological development of regions and country. The results of the research can be used by decision makers to substantiate the diversification of regional innovation systems in accordance with the priority directions of the technological development of the country.

Стратегия развития кампуса ИРНИТУ

There are three main models of university spaces. The dispersed model comprises historical universities integrated into the urban development, with educational buildings and accommodation scattered throughout the city. The main variant form consists of an autonomous out-of-town campus. Here, the main functions of study, accommodation and recreation are compactly located on a single large site in an extra-urban loca-tion. However, a third type is exemplified by the INRTU, which consists of a large campus with a full range of educational and residential functions, but which is also integrated into the city with the main trunk road and bridge adjoining the site. At the same time, there are some problems: the lack of functions, places and the internal street network. While the university is beneficially located on the bank of the river, it does not presently have access to it. Moreover, the railway and low-value individual building continue to interfere with the site. Although there is a real opportunity to develop a full-spectrum recreational framework on the territo-ry consisting of a green cross, presently garages and parking lots are preventing this possibility. The for-mation of a dense internal street network will allow the desired level of connectivity of the territory featuring the construction and development of technology parks, a youth palace, a water-sports centre and an infor-mation-library complex in the form of individual buildings. The formation of a riverside university embank-ment will help to overcome the fragmentation of the environment and establish effective ties with neighbour-ing universities and the academic centre.

Российская технологическая инноватика в отечественных СМИ (на примере технопарков)

Юрий Валерьевич Латов – доктор социологических наук, кандидат экономических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник, Институт социологии ФНИСЦ РАН; профессор, Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова. Адрес: 129345, Москва, ул. Магаданская, д. 5. E-mail: latov@mail.ru
 Наталия Валерьевна Латова – кандидат социологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт социологии ФНИСЦ РАН. Адрес: 129345, Москва, ул. Магаданская, д. 5. E-mail: myshona@rambler.ru
 Цитирование: Латов Ю.В., Латова Н.В. (2018) Российская технологическая инноватика в отечественных СМИ (на примере технопарков) // Мир России. Т. 27. № 4. С. 141–162. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2018-27-4-141-162
 В статье рассматриваются особенности эволюции в 2010-е гг. дискурса российских СМИ о развитии технопарков. Изложены результаты контент-анализа потока публикаций в российских масс-медиа, основанные на использовании русскоязычной аналитической системы «Медиалогия». Анализ показывает, что в отечественных СМИ этот дискурс неразрывно связан с дискурсом о результативности политики этатизма. Роль главного национального символа политики стимулирования технологической инноватики в 2010-е гг. почти монополизировало подмосковное «Сколково». В то же время конструирование его имиджа оказалось частично обесценено как эффектом обманутых ожиданий быстрых успехов, так и конкретными коррупционными скандалами. Что касается других столичных и региональных инновационных центров (например, казанского Иннополиса), то масс-медиа освещают их в более конструктивно-деловом тоне, хотя и менее активно, чем «Сколково». Эффективность обсуждения в российских СМИ вопросов развития технопарков существенно снижается из-за недостаточной готовности многих производителей и потребителей информации к компетентным дискуссиям о путях развития сегментов современной НТР. В результате в общественном сознании россиян развитие технопарков воспринимается скорее как инициатива правительства, чем как национальный проект.

Оценка и анализ барьеров инновационной активности экономики региона

Prospects for the development of the Russian innovative economy largely depend on the successful overcoming of negative factors impeding the effective interaction of institutions in the field of education, science, business, credit and fi nancial sphere regarding the creation, transfer and commercialization of innovations. Deep evaluation of innovative problems needs dynamic analysis of main processes in the spheres accompanying the innovation activity, which determines the topicality of this article. The aim of research consists in elaborating a dynamic approach to complex estimation of problems and barriers to the innovative development of Russia, including their structure and change. In order to do that, this article reviews the main barriers to the development of innovation activity in the region, builds a detailed classifi cation of parameters of innovative economic environment, and analyses their dynamics. The algorithm of innovation barriers assessment is based on economic statistics methods and fuzzy sets theory. This algorithm is determined on the basis of linguistic variables according to the matrix principle and linguistic identifi cation of economic objects. The estimation is based on a dynamic approach, that is, each analyzed indicator represents a rate of growth of one or another factor associated with the level of barriers to the innovation activity and therefore reflects the degree of reduction or strengthening in such barrier for the period under review. The minimax normalization allows providing comparability of all indicators under review. Macroeconomic data and indices of Russian enterprises operation, presented in statistical collections were used as the input data for analysis and estimation. As a result, we evaluated the level of overcoming barriers to innovative development during the past three years on the basis of analyzing research human potential, of development of innovative infrastructure elements, of financial instruments and sources, of production assets modernization and implantation of advanced technologies in industrial process. In the course of the research, it was possible to distinguish four most signifi cant groups of barriers to the innovative development – personnel, organizational and technological, fi nancial, and infrastructure barriers. In addition, we marked out the most successful fi eld of overcoming of negative trends in 2013–2015. At the same time, an unfavorable situation in the venture capital market and unsustainable development of technology parks are revealed. The performed analysis allows estimating the effectiveness of overcoming negative tendencies in personnel, technological, fi nancial spheres and of measures taken in this sphere. The estimation showed that the majority of economic trends are unsustainable and there is no stable and positive dynamics in dealing with the main problems in the Russian innovative economy.

Technopark as an element of development of innovative activity

The article reveals the importance of technology park as an important element of innovation. Reviewed the concept of technology park, the main goals and objectives. The article shows the development of technology parks in Russia. There are the main factors that negatively affect the creation, operation and efficiency of Russian technology parks.

Technology Park Services: The Impact on Incubating Companies

The development of technology parks in Malaysia creates the expectations that they will contribute significantly to the industrialization. Therefore, there is increasing number of research conducted on technology parks performance. However, there is still uncertainty about whether technology parks are achieving their goals or not and exactly what their impact is on their tenants. To contribute to understanding this issue, this paper focuses specifically on the impact of technology park services on high technology industries. A case study on one of the well-established technology parks in Malaysia that is Kulim Hi-Tech Park (KHTP) has been conducted. After a series of interviews with the administrator and review of literature, nine evaluation criteria were identified and used to observe the impact of technology park services on the industrial tenants of the technology park. From a survey on the industrial tenants in KHTP, it is found that the technology park has all the nine evaluated criteria. However, these criteria have different categories of impact on the tenants. It can be concluded that there is still more room to improve in ensuring the competitiveness of the technology park. This study could be extended to other technology parks in the whole country.

RESEARCH-BASED KNOWLEDGE FOR POLICY DECISION MAKING: MAXIMIZING THE OPPORTUNITIES OF IMPACT

The permanent dissatisfaction about abilities of state legislation together with public administration to use scientific research knowledge for public decision making has underpin. Not inconsiderable body of dissatisfaction comes from the side of policy managers and practitioners with reflection of unperfected quality of research outcomes. However, effectiveness of research-based knowledge utilisation for public decision making is not a self-oriented or spontaneous action. It challenges the research content quality on the one hand and the policy modelling process on the other hand. The goal of this research was to outline the managerial practical implications for the potential use of research-based knowledge with the purpose to improve public policy decision making and to propose the actionable framework for use of research based knowledge. The study design. The investigation was based on the analysis of officially issued scientific reports, which were initiated and funded by the government with the purpose to inform policy decision making. The sample frame consisted of 50 scientific research reports (6780 pages) issued in the period of 2007-2009 from the pull of 180 and lay under responsibility of two ministries: Ministry of Economy and Ministry of Education and Science. The topics of research reports cover health resort research, health improvement, administration burden diminishing, special regulation for researchers’ social security, intellectual property rights, small and medium business development, technology park development, and so on. The key findings. Knowledge for policy decision making is conceptualized during interaction of policy actors, who represent own stakes. However, the policy decision is made before a certain knowledge level is reached and determines the fundamental common decision making knowledge gap, which could be filled by research-based knowledge. The evidence based policy paradigm recognises wide list of barriers for sustainable utilisation of research-based knowledge for policy decision making (governmental political commitments; legislators’ skills to communicate research and low awareness of research, researchers’ distance from political context and managerial needs). Taken in to account knowledge generation environment for policy decision making (policy rounds and actors diversification), paper propose the model for research based knowledge utilisation coping with the obstacles of evidence based policy and facilitate this utilisation via natural relieve of barriers cause. The managerial framework is based on threefold aspects, such as a.) the research content quality including transformation scenarios; b.) the research process interaction with policy making rounds; c.) alignment of policy creation actors with researchers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eis.0.7.5152

Science-Technology Park Ilidža as a Generator of Innovation Potential and SME’s Development in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Many nations are currently adopting a variety of directed strategies to launch and support the development of research parks. Science and technology research parks are seen increasingly as a means to create dynamic clusters that accelerate economic growth and international competitiveness. Technology parks represent the place of SME's development and the place of the most direct technological transfer. Research parks encourage greater collaboration among universities, research laboratories, and SMEs, providing a means to help convert new ideas into the innovative technologies for the market. They are recognized to be a tool to create successful new companies, sustain them and attract new ones, especially in the science, technology, and innovation sector. Universities, in turn, benefit by exposure to the business world. What all these parks have in common is that they are, at heart, knowledge partnerships that foster innovation. University research and science parks provide the launch pad that startup companies need when they are spun out from a university or company. The current state of development of technology parks in Bosnia and Herzegovina and possibilities of establishment of a new technology park in Sarajevo (Ilidža) region are analyzed in this paper.

Knowledge transfer and the role of local absorptive capability at science and technology parks

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate to what extent knowledge inflows have taken place among professional Malaysian workforces and what the significant employee‐related factors of knowledge transfer are. The development of technology parks at Technology Park Malaysia (TPM), Kulim High Tech Park (KHTP) and Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) is the focus of the discussion.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through a self‐administered survey to 300 local professionals; and 51 percent responded. A multiple regression was used to identify the significant determinants of transfer of knowledge.Findings – Knowledge transfer from foreign expatriate, parent and peer subsidiary companies to local professionals is at a moderate level. The overall multiple regression shows that workplace learning, personal time management, symptom of replication, adaptation and innovation, and work experience significantly contribute to the transferring of expertise to local professional employees.Research limitations/...

A review of environmental and economic regulations for promoting industrial waste recycling in Taiwan

The objective of this paper is to present a compilation of recent Taiwan government laws/regulations to promote industrial waste recycling. The description is thus centered on legislation/regulations concerning general industrial wastes recycling in the policies of environmental protection, economic incentives and engineering technologies (3E) that have become effective since 2001. The regulatory system, including Waste Disposal Act, Resource Recycling/Reuse Act, Environmental Basis Law, and Statute for Upgrading Industries, not only gives financial incentives, but also provides technical assistance and information transfer on promoting industrial waste recycling. In order to further utilize the recyclable resources and upgrade the environmental technology, Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration (EPA), in cooperation with the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA), has jointly ventured some promotion programs, which highlight an Industrial Waste Exchange Information Center and Environmental Technology Park Development Program, also described in the paper.

Technopolis development: An assessment of the Hsinchu experience

The Hsinchu Science‐Based Industrial Park (HSIP) in Taiwan is a government‐led investment project located 50 miles south of Taipei established nearly 15 years ago. Its continuous growth in terms of revenue and investment has been recognized as a successful model of technology park development. Although regional development was not considered during planning, its economic achievement has indirectly impacted on the technopolis development in the long term. To accommodate the housing demands, the Hsinchu Science City Development Plan was prepared in 1991 to promote the technopolis development. However, it is regarded as a failed project. This paper will analyse the success factors of the park development and the failure factors of the Science City project. In addition, based on the Hsinchu experience, the institutional paradox of government‐led technopolis development is discussed.

ASPECTOS ECONÓMICOS Y ORGANIZACIONALES EN LA CREACIÓN DEL PARQUE TECNOLÓGICO DE LA REGIÓN DE KURSK

En el artículo están analizados los aspectos de organización en la creación de Parques Tecnológicos en la Federación Rusa, se presenta una estructura funcional y organizativa del Parque Tecnológico de la región de Kursk. Con base en la sistematización de los materiales metódologicos, están definidas las direcciones de desarrollo del Parque Tecnológico, su objetivo y tareas, es examinada la lista de servicios de negocios propuestos y el estado ad hoc del Parque Tecnológico en el año 2014.