Technological Opportunities Research Articles

COMPARISON OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A SINGLE-SPAN STEEL PROTOTYPE STRUCTURE AND A SCALE MODEL STRUCTURE UNDER THE EFFECT OF SEISMIC LOADS

One of the biggest problems encountered in many experimental studies is examining a real-size structure in the field or in a laboratory environment. With today's technological opportunities, it is possible to experimentally examine a real-sized structure in the field or in a laboratory environment. However, to do this, the manufacture of a large, real-size structure, experimental setup and measuring devices are required, which are costly. For this reason, it is not always possible to reach such a laboratory environment. It is very difficult to experimentally examine large-scale structures both economically and in terms of time saving. In this context, in this study, a scaling factor (λ) widely accepted in the literature was used to design a scaled model to represent a real-size structure. λ=10 was used in this scaling approach. A real-size three-story single-span steel prototype building was scaled to a laboratory-scale model structure and analyzed digitally with the Sap2000 program. The natural period/frequency values of the real-size prototype structure and the scaled model modeled in the Sap2000 program were examined. Later, Time history analyzes were performed using real earthquake records from El Centro (1940), Kobe (1995) and Northridge (1994). While real earthquake records were used as they were in the analysis of the prototype structure, these real earthquake records were used by scaling them depending on the scaling factor λ in the analysis of the scaled model. Subsequently, the digital analyzes of the prototype and scaled structure were compared by looking at the acceleration and displacement values of each floor. It was observed that the results were close to each other when scaled according to the scaling factor (λ). This situation demonstrated the accuracy of the scaling rates applied within the scope of the study. Thus, it has been shown that a real-size structure can be scaled to a model in a laboratory environment with correct scaling methods and that this prototype structure can be analyzed with more economical and simple methods.

INTEGRATION OF HISTORICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIETY INTO THE INFORMATION CULTURE OF THE ENGINEER OF MODERN SOCIETY

The article examines the issue of changing the very paradigm and model of the information society. There was a need to ensure a balance between the dynamic changes occurring in nature and society, the entire environment, the increased amount of information, and the rapidly developing information and communication and information technologies. Information comes to the fore. The most important indicator of the information society is that each of its members has equal rights and opportunities to freely produce and timely receive any information that interests him, except for cases limited by law. The foundation of this process is the information culture of society. The concept of “information culture” was formed in the second half of the twentieth century in connection with close attention to the mechanisms and processes associated with information exchange. From the point of view of cultural studies, information culture characterizes culture in terms of information which has been accumulated, processed and transmitted within its framework. Information culture is an integral part of a broader concept, such as – «personal culture». Personal culture is defined as a system of personal qualities (mind, character, imagination, memory) recognized by the individual as values established and valued in society. This is in a broad sense. And in a narrow sense, it is the ability and need of a specialist to use available information opportunities for a systematic and conscious search for new knowledge, its interpretation and dissemination. This means that information culture should be seen as one of the aspects of cultural activity in general and therefore it is inextricably linked with the «second nature» (social nature) of a person and acts as a product of their mental abilities. Depending on the subject who acts as a carrier of information culture, the latter can be considered at three levels: information culture of the individual; information culture of individual community groups (a certain society, nation, age or professional group, etc.); information culture of society as a whole. Nowadays, the state's innovation policy and the introduction of new technologies require increasingly complex solutions aimed at the development and transformation of the techno environment and the whole world. It is possible that in the era of globalism and technicism, the approach seems legitimate. In our time of electronic technology and enormous opportunities, there is a temptation to feel like the Creator. When a person, guided by their knowledge and skills, the achievements of civilization, science and technology, allows themselves to decide their fate and create something new, even for themselves such living creature, then the question naturally arises about the mechanism for containing and regulating such inventions and research, which could lead to the death of humanity (the discovery of the neutron bomb, for instance). Therefore, the role of information culture, which manifests itself in human information ignorance, is great. By information behaviour we understand a course of action, a set of efforts made by a person to obtain, assimilate and use and create new knowledge, its transfer and dissemination in society. The information behaviour of specialists becomes the basis for social differentiation. Historically the causes of social inequality were associated with the origin and availability of civil rights, property and income, position in the social structure of society, but at present the level of information culture, manifested by information behaviour, becomes a factor of hierarchy. Sustainable greening culture is a transition to an ecologically oriented culture, which enables a person to preserve their environment and survive physically and spiritually. The anthropological dimension of culture comes to the fore. Culture should ensure the integrity of a person, their health and happiness in conditions when many factors of scientific, technical and social development destroy this integrity, negatively affect the health of a person, and prevent the achievement of their happiness.

POTENTIAL FOR THE SPACE SOLAR ENERGY SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES

The subject of the research is the history and peculiarities of the exploration and use of space by governmental institutions and private and commercial entities, which, with the beginning of the space age, has created several significant threats to the further development of humanity, due to non-compliance with the principles of sustainable development. The research methodology is based on reports, guidelines, statistical databases and forecasts of integration groups, specialised governmental and international institutions and their structural units for the study and control of space debris (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, European Space Agency, United Nations), as well as the results of research by private companies in the space solar energy sector. The purpose of the paper is to analyse trends in the sustainable development of a globalised society in compliance with the principles of responsible use of outer space and to assess the potential of the space solar energy sector to ensure the sustainability of the competitive position of the world's economies. In today's environment, competitiveness and investment in high-tech industries are the driving forces of development that can lead to a country's transition to a fundamentally new level of development. The issue of efficient use of outer space encourages states to search for new technological opportunities for economic growth and inclusive development. Conclusion. The authors have analysed the trends in the use of space, the prospects for sustainable development of the space economy, its impact on the planet's ecosystem, and the main policy directions to help governments take the necessary measures for long-term planning to achieve sustainable and inclusive development. The publication examines space activities related to space debris reduction policies and sustainable solar energy production from space. The authors of the research developed guidelines for space debris mitigation and considered the benefits of using space solar energy.

Discovering technological opportunities by identifying dynamic structure-coupling patterns and lead-lag distance between science and technology

Technological opportunities are bred in intricate and interactive connections between science and technology (S&T). To identify these potential opportunities, lexical- or topic-based similarity approaches have been extensively applied to quantify S&T linkages; however, these lack consideration of different interaction patterns and lead-lag relationships between S&T. To this end, this study proposes a novel approach to detect technological opportunities within specific S&T topics by incorporating their structure-coupling patterns and temporal lead-lag distance. By transforming S&T knowledge systems into knowledge networks, a network coupling approach is employed to elaborate dynamic interaction patterns of S&T, and a time-lagged cross-correlation analysis is conducted to calculate their lead-lag distance under different time shifts. An evidence analysis from the energy conservation field demonstrates the feasibility and reliability of the proposed methodology in identifying technological opportunities implicit in S&T shared (exists in both S&T) and private topics (exists only in science or technology) from a topical dimension.

REALIZATION AND PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF SUBJECTS OF ECONOMIC RELAT ONS AS A COMPONENT OF A COMFORTABLE REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

The purpose of the study. The article examines the issues of improving the quality of the regulatory environment of the digital economy from the perspective of the implementation and protection of the rights of subjects of economic relations. The article analyzes the interdependence between digitalization and legal processes, which generates both new legal and technological opportunities, as well as related problems and barriers that complicate the exercise and protection of the rights and interests of subjects in a digital environment and pose challenges to legal science to overcome them. The purpose of the study is to identify legal structures and legal means that contribute to the elimination of obstacles and the creation of a comfortable regulatory environment for the digital economy. Conclusions. The author, as a result of the analysis of legal approaches and structures peculiar to digital turnover, comes to the conclusion that a reliable and comfortable legal environment for online interaction is a legal «space of trust», including the responsibility of its participants for the adverse consequences that may occur if they fail to fulfill their duties related to such interaction. Among the components of a comfortable regulatory environment of the digital economy, a special place is occupied by: digital (online) dispute resolution procedures, including the use of automated solutions using smart contracts, digital platforms in the field of protecting the rights and legitimate interests of subjects of economic relations; the use of high technologies in notarial activities. The author draws attention to one of the most acute problems of the digital age-the growing digital divide, the overcoming of which is directly related to improving the quality of the regulatory environment of the digital economy.

Hydrogen-Based Energy Systems: Current Technology Development Status, Opportunities and Challenges

The use of hydrogen as an energy carrier within the scope of the decarbonisation of the world’s energy production and utilisation is seen by many as an integral part of this endeavour. However, the discussion around hydrogen technologies often lacks some perspective on the currently available technologies, their Technology Readiness Level (TRL), scope of application, and important performance parameters, such as energy density or conversion efficiency. This makes it difficult for the policy makers and investors to evaluate the technologies that are most promising. The present study aims to provide help in this respect by assessing the available technologies in which hydrogen is used as an energy carrier, including its main challenges, needs and opportunities in a scenario in which fossil fuels still dominate global energy sources but in which renewables are expected to assume a progressively vital role in the future. The production of green hydrogen using water electrolysis technologies is described in detail. Various methods of hydrogen storage are referred, including underground storage, physical storage, and material-based storage. Hydrogen transportation technologies are examined, taking into account different storage methods, volume requirements, and transportation distances. Lastly, an assessment of well-known technologies for harnessing energy from hydrogen is undertaken, including gas turbines, reciprocating internal combustion engines, and fuel cells. It seems that the many of the technologies assessed have already achieved a satisfactory degree of development, such as several solutions for high-pressure hydrogen storage, while others still require some maturation, such as the still limited life and/or excessive cost of the various fuel cell technologies, or the suitable operation of gas turbines and reciprocating internal combustion engines operating with hydrogen. Costs below 200 USD/kWproduced, lives above 50 kh, and conversion efficiencies approaching 80% are being aimed at green hydrogen production or electricity production from hydrogen fuel cells. Nonetheless, notable advances have been achieved in these technologies in recent years. For instance, electrolysis with solid oxide cells may now sometimes reach up to 85% efficiency although with a life still in the range of 20 kh. Conversely, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) working as electrolysers are able to sometimes achieve a life in the range of 80 kh with efficiencies up to 68%. Regarding electricity production from hydrogen, the maximum efficiencies are slightly lower (72% and 55%, respectively). The combination of the energy losses due to hydrogen production, compression, storage and electricity production yields overall efficiencies that could be as low as 25%, although smart applications, such as those that can use available process or waste heat, could substantially improve the overall energy efficiency figures. Despite the challenges, the foreseeable future seems to hold significant potential for hydrogen as a clean energy carrier, as the demand for hydrogen continues to grow, particularly in transportation, building heating, and power generation, new business prospects emerge. However, this should be done with careful regard to the fact that many of these technologies still need to increase their technological readiness level before they become viable options. For this, an emphasis needs to be put on research, innovation, and collaboration among industry, academia, and policymakers to unlock the full potential of hydrogen as an energy vector in the sustainable economy.

Knowledge and Food Sustainability: the Metaverse as a New Economic-Environmental Paradigm

AbstractNowadays the metaverse may represent the line between the most avant-garde innovations of the present and the possible development potential of the next years. The present article aims to show for the first time the potential that this innovative technological opportunity offers in the coming years. By looking at the current state of knowledge and, above all, with the help of empirical evidence from the metaverse’s main application business cases in the food sector, it is possible to understand how food companies can survive in the increasingly fierce world competition. The considerations that derive from the observation of these corporate excellent examples highlight that it is increasingly necessary to strategically invest in all three dimensions of sustainability, but also in novel new technological innovations. So, from the analysis of the most important available case studies, it is clear that metaverse is definitely a very particular innovation capable of opening up new and sustainable economic opportunities for companies in the food industry. At the current state of research, there are no comparable studies on this topic, especially in agri-food systems. Yet, this is only a starting point for further research in the future. Nonetheless, we can already recognize the strategic potential of virtual universes.

Entrepreneurial teacher leaders as reframers of pastoral care: the mediating influence of technological opportunism

ABSTRACT Studies have shown that teacher leaders take the initiative to shape and exercise pastoral care practices to meet the rapid changes in student learning and well-being. The present study aims to examine and conceptualize the relationship between teacher entrepreneurial behaviour (TEB) and the renewal of pastoral care practices while accounting for any possible mediating effects of new technologies. We collected 446 responses to survey questions from teacher leaders from 53 secondary and primary schools in Hong Kong. We then employed structural equation modelling to test the associations between TEB, renewing pastoral care practice, and technological opportunism. The results support three proposed hypotheses insofar as higher levels of TEB are positively associated with renewing pastoral care, which is in turn mediated by technological opportunism. The results advance teacher leadership research regarding how TEB contributes to the sustainable development of pastoral care strategies in schools. They also demonstrate that teacher leaders with strong TEB are more willing to seek new technologies and treat them as opportunities for change, which contributes to the literature showing that information and communication technology (ICT) resources not only support teachers initiatives but also help them develop new ideas.

Octopus-inspired deception and signaling systems from an exceptionally-stable acene variant

Multifunctional platforms that can dynamically modulate their color and appearance have attracted attention for applications as varied as displays, signaling, camouflage, anti-counterfeiting, sensing, biomedical imaging, energy conservation, and robotics. Within this context, the development of camouflage systems with tunable spectroscopic and fluorescent properties that span the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral regions has remained exceedingly challenging because of frequently competing materials and device design requirements. Herein, we draw inspiration from the unique blue rings of the Hapalochlaena lunulata octopus for the development of deception and signaling systems that resolve these critical challenges. As the active material, our actuator-type systems incorporate a readily-prepared and easily-processable nonacene-like molecule with an ambient-atmosphere stability that exceeds the state-of-the-art for comparable acenes by orders of magnitude. Devices from this active material feature a powerful and unique combination of advantages, including straightforward benchtop fabrication, competitive baseline performance metrics, robustness during cycling with the capacity for autonomous self-repair, and multiple dynamic multispectral operating modes. When considered together, the described exciting discoveries point to new scientific and technological opportunities in the areas of functional organic materials, reconfigurable soft actuators, and adaptive photonic systems.

Digital technologies and accounting quantification: The emergence of two divergent knowledge templates

The opportunities of digital technologies, but also their risks, are shaping organisations and societies. Their influence on the future of accounting is often presented as decisive. In fact, information technologies and accounting are so intertwined that it seems impossible to separate the two. Nevertheless, as practices, they emerge from different knowledge disciplines. We examine the intersection of accounting and information technologies through an ethnographic study conducted in a multinational high-tech company in the process of implementing a new IT system. We pay particular attention to the interactions between accountants and technologists, which we analyse through the concept of knowledge templates. A template based on mobilising formalised knowledge to intervene on the organisation in a systematic way treats technology as a set of solutions for predetermined needs. Conversely, a template that treats technology as an emerging complex imposes modes of coordination based on modularity, traceability, and collaboration. Through sociomaterial interactions, a plurality of templates emerges that influences local practices. This article contributes to the literature by showing that accounting emerges through its entanglement with different bodies of knowledge following potentially divergent knowledge templates. Information technologies therefore pose a challenge to accounting: is it possible to conceive of a modular and radically decentralised accounting? This would be an accounting that accepts the pluralism of representations, orientations, and legitimate organisational discourses. It would be an accounting system with greater emancipatory potential.

Curriculum Development Management: Challenges and Opportunities in the Era of Global Education

Education has now spread globally along with the development of technology. The impact of this education has an influence on curriculum management in higher education. This is a major factor for the world of education so that it can develop the curriculum well and wisely. It also includes constant evolution in technology, social change, and the need for new skills, all of which influence curriculum development. The aim of this research is to analyze the challenges faced by curriculum development management, considering globalization factors, technology and variations in student needs. This research method involves in-depth literature study and analysis of empirical data from a number of educational institutions. The research results show that curriculum development management requires a more adaptive and inclusive approach, considering global skills needs, technology integration, and active participation of all education stakeholders. Opportunities were identified in the ability to increase global access to education through technology, integration of curricula relevant to future needs, and cross-border collaboration in developing holistic curricula. In conclusion, management of curriculum development in the era of global education requires continuous adaptation, based on in-depth analysis of student needs and changes in the global context. The challenge faced is ensuring relevance, agility and inclusivity in curriculum development, while taking advantage of technological opportunities and cross-border collaboration. The limitation of this research is that curriculum development management is only intended for the world of education. We hope that the research conducted by researchers can become a reference and consideration for researchers who wish to conduct research related to curriculum management in education.

ინდუსტრია 4.0 - ის გავლენა ლოკალური მიწოდების ჯაჭვების ორგანიზებაზე

During the Covid-pandemic, the industry has faced serious challenges due to the risks arising in the management of supply chains. All this has put the need for supply chains (Supply Chains, SCs) and localization of industrial production on the agenda. The geopolitical location and level of economic development of our country offer enough opportunities to organize a Europe-oriented local supply chain hub in Georgia, which opens up completely new perspectives for the country's economic development, as well as creates a good basis for the country's political security and stability. The effective implementation of the mentioned idea requires the transformation of the relevant infrastructure and business models of enterprises, which allows for the reasonable use of entrepreneurial and technological opportunities of the fourth industrial revolution, or as it is called "Industry 4.0".

Big Data, Proxies, Algorithmic Decision‐Making and the Future of Management Theory

AbstractThe future of theory in the age of big data and algorithms is a frequent topic in management research. However, with corporate ownership of big data and data processing capabilities designed for profit generation increasing rapidly, we witness a shift from scientific to ‘corporate empiricism’. Building on this debate, our ‘Point’ essay argues that theorizing in management research is at risk now. Unlike the ‘Counterpoint’ article, which portrays a bright future for management theory given available technological opportunities, we are concerned about management researchers increasingly ‘borrowing’ data from the corporate realm (e.g., Google et al.) to build or test theory. Our objection is that this data borrowing can harm scientific theorizing due to how scaling effects, proxy measures and algorithmic decision‐making performatively combine to undermine the scientific validity of theories. This undermining occurs through reducing scientific explanations, while technology shapes theory and reality in a profit‐predicting rather than in a truth‐seeking manner. Our essay has meta‐theoretical implications for management theory per se, as well as for political debates concerning the jurisdiction and legitimacy of knowledge claims in management research. Practically, these implications connect to debates on scientific responsibilities of researchers.

Experience and Perception of Online Education among Nursing Faculties during Covid-19 Pandemic in Nepal: A Qualitative Study

Corona virus disease - 2019 (COVID-19), the global pandemic, had jeopardized the educational institutes across the world during 2020 and 2021. The designing, preparedness and effectiveness of e-learning in nursing area were not clearly understood, particularly in a country like Nepal. Thus, the study aimed to explore experiences and perception of online education among nursing faculties during COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal. A Qualitative research design adopted where 15 nursing faculties from different University across the Nepal involved in online classes since 6 months were interviewed based on principles of data saturation using convenience sampling. Ethical approval was obtained from Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC). Written Informed consent was obtained from nursing faculties via email and in-depth interview was carried out. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the study by coding participants’ records. For the data analysis, the thematic analysis and content analysis were done for the faculties’ experiences and perception. Regarding nursing faculties’ experiences and perception on online education, despite the challenges like: technological, environmental, clinical skills and evaluation methods constraints, they had positive enthusiasm like: economical and easy, technological opportunities and competency. It was concluded online class is one of the crucial modes of teaching and learning in difficult circumstances during this pandemic of corona.

Nonreciprocal optomechanically induced transparency and enhanced ground-state cooling in a reversed-dissipation cavity system.

We explore the prospects of phase-modulated optical nonreciprocity and enhanced ground-state cooling of a mechanical resonator for the reversed-dissipation system, where the dissipative coupling between two cavities is realized through the adiabatic elimination of a low-Q mechanical mode, while a high-Q mechanical mode interacts with two mutually coupled cavities, forming a closed-loop structure. This unique system facilitates the nontrivial phenomenon of optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT), which exhibits asymmetry due to the frequency shift effect. We also observe the emergence of parity-dependent unidirectional OMIT windows (appearing under the phase-matching condition), which can be dynamically modulated by both the phase factors and the strength of the dissipative coupling. Furthermore, our study delves into the ground-state cooling effect operating within the reversed-dissipation regime. Intriguingly, the cooling effect can be significantly enhanced by carefully engineering dissipative complex coupling, such as in the phase-matching condition. The potential applications of this scheme extend to the fabrication of ideal optical isolators in optical communication systems and the manipulation of macroscopic mechanical resonators at the quantum level, presenting exciting opportunities in quantum technologies.

Enhancing Industrial Automation through Efficient Technology Management in Society

Purpose: The accelerated advancement of technology has revolutionized industries across the globe, enabling unprecedented levels of automation and efficiency. An in-depth examination of the vital field of technology management and its crucial part in orchestrating the smooth automation of primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary industries is provided in this study. Information, communication, and computation technologies (ICCT underlying technologies) and nanotechnologies are included in the broad range of Universal technologies of the 21st century that fall under the purview of technology management. The first point made in the article is how crucial good technology management is to the success of industrial automation. It looks at how technology management techniques have changed to meet the varied and dynamic nature of contemporary industries. Design/Methodology/Approach: ICCT can be used to connect and coordinate processes, as well as for intelligent decision-making. Additionally, the potential of nanotechnologies for precise and miniature automation components is being explored. Examining the intricacies related to technology integration, scalability, and sustainability, key challenges and opportunities in technology management are examined. Findings/Result: The paper provides insights into best practices for matching organizational goals and strategies with technology management, emphasizing the necessity for flexible frameworks that can adjust to changing market demands. Based on the proposed developments of Super Intelligent Machines and technology-based singularity, and their impact on Industrial Automation, the consequences of socio-economic and environmental effects of technology-driven automation in companies are also covered in this article, highlighting the significance of ethical and sustainable technology management. It emphasizes the requirement for moral concerns, skill development, and laws that guarantee a fair transition to automated industrial processes while minimizing potential negative effects. Originality/Value: In summary, competent technology management forms the basis for the successful automation of industries in all spheres of society. This paper includes a comprehensive overview of the principles, strategies, and applications of technology management along with ABCD analysis emphasizing the potential for transformative change in the landscape of modern industries in all four sectors and the pressing need to ensure ethical and sustainable practices. Type of paper: Exploratory Research.

BLOCKCHAIN UTILIZATION IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES

Blockchain technology has been attracting attention as a potential solution to address many issues associated with traditional data management systems. The education sector is also exploring its potential to include improving various aspects of education. One of the opportunities of blockchain technology in education is secure and tamper-proof digital record-keeping, which can eliminate the need for physical certificates and transcripts, making the credentialing process more efficient, accurate, and transparent. Blockchain can facilitate micro-credentialing for lifelong learning, creating new opportunities for individuals to acquire and verify specific skills or knowledge. Additionally, transparent and secure funding and donations can be established using blockchain technology, which will help to eliminate fraud and ensure that donations are used for their intended purpose. However, there are also significant challenges that need to be addressed to make Blockchain a reality in education. These include concerns around the scalability and interoperability of blockchain networks, the need for standards and regulations to ensure the reliability and accuracy of data, and the potential costs and technical expertise required to implement and maintain blockchain systems. In addition, digital literacy and data privacy concerns need to be addressed to ensure that students, teachers, and other stakeholders are equipped to use blockchain technology effectively and responsibly. While the opportunities and challenges of Blockchain in education are significant, careful consideration and collaboration are needed to fully realise its potential. Thus, this paper provides the reader with a solid background about Blockchain and delves into its opportunities and challenges to be utilised in education.

Organochlorine Pesticides Remediation Techniques: Technological Perspective and Opportunities

Organochlorine pesticides have been widely used in agriculture to control agricultural pests. Although effective in controlling pests, organochlorine pesticides present numerous hazards to ecosystems and human health due to their persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. Scientific studies have shown that organochlorines may be associated with endocrine and neurological problems. Several strategies have been developed to apply treatment techniques to remove pesticides from various ecosystems, both aquatic and terrestrial. Physicochemical and biological methods have revealed other potentialities for remediation of aqueous environments contaminated with organochlorine pesticides. In addition, combined processes using different approaches have been highlighted as efficient alternatives to mitigate the impacts of agrochemicals on the environment, e.g., physical technique followed by a biological process. However, there are still numerous gaps that need to be explored and elucidated. Therefore, this review addressed the impacts of organochlorine pesticides on ecosystems and some treatment techniques used to remove agrochemicals from water. Furthermore, new findings, technological perspectives, and opportunities on this subject were presented and discussed.

Mapping the field: A bibliometric literature review on technology mining

Technology mining (or tech mining, TM) is an emerging research field in science, technology, and innovation studies. However, due to the rapid increase and widespread application of TM research, accurately capturing research topics and emerging developments in TM has become a challenge for scholars. Therefore, this bibliometric literature review combines quantitative methods and content analysis to explore the research foundation and development frontiers of TM and distinguish emerging research topics from relatively mature ones, aiming to deepen the understanding. More specifically, it utilizes co-citation analysis and bibliographic coupling techniques to analyze the TM publication dataset. The results indicate that TM research is mainly based on four foundational areas, and there are five current frontier clusters. Emerging topic detection further shows that technology topic analysis, technology opportunity analysis, and technology management and decision support are currently emerging TM research topics.

Analysis of direct and indirect noise in a next-generation aviation gas turbine combustor

A large-eddy simulation (LES) of a next-generation combustor is performed to examine effects of this combustor concepts on direct and indirect combustion noise characteristics. Direct noise is computed considering the unsteady heat release predictions while entropy fluctuations in the downstream part of the combustor are used to estimate indirect noise through the transfer function of the outlet nozzle. A low-order acoustic reconstruction technique, which utilizes the Green’s function of the configuration, is developed to compute the acoustics inside the combustor. Comparisons to experimental results are reported, showing the reasonable accuracy of the LES and combustion noise computations. The direct noise spectrum peaks at frequencies around 3 kHz because of the fast timescales associated with the chemical reactions inside the combustor. In addition, the indirect noise is dominant at low frequencies, i.e., less than 400 Hz, because of the characteristics of the entropy spectrum at the outlet nozzle. Compared to a conventional rich-quench-lean (RQL) combustor configuration, significant differences in the acoustics are observed, and are explained by two specific technological novelties. Firstly, the direct noise spectrum peaks at significantly higher frequencies due to the combustor’s compactness. Secondly, the entropy inhomogeneities downstream of the combustion region are an order of magnitude smaller in amplitude due to the lack of dilution with cold air. This leads to a significant reduction in the indirect noise amplitude at low frequencies, where it is the dominant source of noise. These results suggest opportunities for advanced combustion technologies to achieve substantial reductions in combustion-related noise.