Areas Of Technology Research Articles

Review and Gap Analysis of Heliostat Components & Controls

Abstract This investigation provides a comprehensive literature review pertaining to heliostat components and controls as part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Heliostat Consortium (Heliocon) program. This work presents a detailed assessment of subcomponents, controls and wireless communications elements that comprise various designs of helisotats within concentrating solar power (CSP) installations. Additionally, this work also provides the results of an industry survey, intended to compliment the literature discussion, to provide a gap analysis of the primary technology and cost areas that need to be addressed to help improved to spur CSP bankability. Although the results of the study determined several key areas for development, three strategic areas identified were: 1. The use of advanced composite materials to replace a need for expensive steel within the structure and mirror substrate, 2. Employment of closed-loop controls for automated calibration, reduction of commissioning time and O&M hours, reduction of drive requirements, as well as overall cost reduction, and 3. The need for more Heliostat-centric codes and standards to facilitate engineering confidence in the development of new features, cost reductions, or other design iterations to be seamlessly introduced without optical performance problems.

Study on the Limitations of Economic Digitalization and Development Strategies under the New Development Strategy

With the rapid development of the digital economy and the rise of the industrial Internet, China has made significant progress in terms of industrial competitiveness and industrial innovation and development. However, China's capacity for independent technology innovation must be improved. Firstly, China's independent innovation capacity in key core technology areas could be more robust. This mainly manifests in China's reliance on imported technologies and equipment in high-end manufacturing and emerging industries. Although China has made certain technological breakthroughs in specific fields, there is a particular gap between China and the international advanced level. Secondly, the investment in technological research and development of Chinese enterprises must be increased. Although the R&D investment of Chinese enterprises is gradually growing as more attention is paid to scientific and technological innovation, there still needs to be a significant gap compared with developed countries. In particular, the R&D investment of small and medium-sized enterprises is relatively low, resulting in the overall level of independent technological innovation not being high. Again, China needs to strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights. For a long time, the construction of China's intellectual property protection system has been lagging, and the problem of intellectual property infringement is relatively prominent, which has formed a particular obstacle to independent technological innovation. Therefore, studying economic digital development restrictions and development strategies has profound theoretical and practical significance in the new development pattern.

Study on the Limitations of Economic Digitalization and Development Strategies under the New Development Strategy

With the rapid development of the digital economy and the rise of the industrial Internet, China has made significant progress in terms of industrial competitiveness and industrial innovation and development. However, China's capacity for independent technology innovation must be improved. Firstly, China's independent innovation capacity in key core technology areas could be more robust. This mainly manifests in China's reliance on imported technologies and equipment in high-end manufacturing and emerging industries. Although China has made certain technological breakthroughs in specific fields, there is a particular gap between China and the international advanced level. Secondly, the investment in technological research and development of Chinese enterprises must be increased. Although the R&D investment of Chinese enterprises is gradually growing as more attention is paid to scientific and technological innovation, there still needs to be a significant gap compared with developed countries. In particular, the R&D investment of small and medium-sized enterprises is relatively low, resulting in the overall level of independent technological innovation not being high. Again, China needs to strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights. For a long time, the construction of China's intellectual property protection system has been lagging, and the problem of intellectual property infringement is relatively prominent, which has formed a particular obstacle to independent technological innovation. Therefore, studying economic digital development restrictions and development strategies has profound theoretical and practical significance in the new development pattern.

Mempersiapkan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Artifical Intelligence Pada Sektor Publik

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one area of technology that plays a major role in digital transformation. Human Resource Management (HRM) has an unlimited role to play in creating a fair work environment throughout the world and ensuring fairness in the company. AI analytics can be used in the human resources sector to generate strategies and solutions quickly and enable employees to align processes efficiently. The method used in this research is literature study by collecting information through articles and scientific journals. The research results show that public sector workers must acquire new skills and knowledge necessary to interact with and manage AI systems. In facing advances in AI, companies/agencies need to pay attention to HR career development through training and improving new skills and knowledge needed to interact and manage AI systems. In facing global challenges, AI must be seen as a tool, not a substitute for human resource management.

OVERCOMING ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS BARRIERS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

English is one of the international languages that has global mastery in many areas of life, including science, information technology, education, politics, economics, social, and cultural aspects. The problems with learning English that still exist today are that many students from elementary school to college can't speak English and haven't been able to maximize their English skills well, despite having mastered English and studied for many years in educational institutions. One of the causes is that some of them use English as a subject and course without any implementation or practice in the areas of reading, speaking, listening, writing, and so on. The aim of this article is to find out the solution to the problem of English skills. Key Words: English; Problems; Skills; Solution.

Recent Developments in AI and ML for IoT: A Systematic Literature Review on LoRaWAN Energy Efficiency and Performance Optimization.

The field of the Internet of Things (IoT) is dominating various areas of technology. As the number of devices has increased, there is a need for efficient communication with low resource consumption and energy efficiency. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) have emerged as a transformative technology for the IoT as they provide long-range communication capabilities with low power consumption. Among the various LPWAN technologies, Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWAN) are widely adopted due to their open standard architecture, which supports secure, bi-directional communication and is particularly effective in outdoor and complex urban environments. This technology is helpful in enabling a variety of IoT applications that require wide coverage and long battery life, such as smart cities, industrial IoT, and environmental monitoring. The integration of Machine Leaning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) into LoRaWAN operations has further enhanced its capability and particularly optimized resource allocation and energy efficiency. This systematic literature review provides a comprehensive examination of the integration of ML and AI technologies in the optimization of LPWANs, with a specific focus on LoRaWAN. This review follows the PRISMA model and systematically synthesizes current research to highlight how ML and AI enhance operational efficiency, particularly in terms of energy consumption, resource management, and network stability. The SLR aims to review the key methods and techniques that are used in state-of-the-art LoRaWAN to enhance the overall network performance. We identified 25 relevant primary studies. The study provides an analysis of key findings based on research questions on how various LoRaWAN parameters are optimized through advanced ML, DL, and RL techniques to achieve optimized performance.

Polskie związki zawodowe w procesie zarządzania algorytmicznego w środowisku pracy

The article concerns the role of Polish trade unions in creating a legal framework for the tech-based employment. The authors discuss the impact of the algorithmic management on the structure of the employment relationship and justify the need to protect workers. Social partners can play an important role in shaping this protection. The article discusses the legal instruments which can be used by trade unions. The text outlines the actual picture of collective relations in the technological area. The authors consider the reasons of the weakness of the social dialogue and analyze solutions which could contribute to improving the situation.

THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES APPLICATION IN THE MILITARY SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

This article analyzes the use of artificial intelligence technologies in military systems. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the modern areas of information technology. The history of human-like mechanisms development dates back to ancient times and has gone through a complex evolutionary path from myths and legends about the first androids, mechanical chess players and other complex mechanisms with human behaviour to modern autonomous robots. The first research on AI in the modern sense began almost immediately since the appearance of the first computers. Since the late 1950s, AI researchers have been trying to create smart machines that mimic the brain. AI has become a key technology in various industries, including the military, in recent decades. Thanks to its characteristics, AI transforms traditional strategies and tactics into a military art. Various aspects of the artificial intelligence use are discussed, in particular autonomous weapons systems, forecasting and analytics, cybersecurity and strategic planning. The advantages and opportunities provided by the use of artificial intelligence by military formations are highlighted, as well as attention is drawn to the ethical and legal aspects of this issue. Artificial intelligence technologies open up new opportunities for the military in many aspects, from autonomous systems to analytics and strategic planning. However, it is also important to take into account the ethical and legal aspects of these technologies use, as well as the risks associated with their implementation. A balanced approach to the use of artificial intelligence will help ensure its effective application in military systems. The article focuses on the importance of a balanced approach to the artificial intelligence technologies use for military purposes, taking into account their capabilities and risks.

Exploring Interdisciplinary Integration Strategies for Animation Studies in the Context of 'New Engineering and New Humanities'

This paper explores the future development trends, strategic recommendations, and the promotion and application of interdisciplinary integration in animation education. It highlights that with technological advancements and innovations, the animation industry is experiencing unprecedented opportunities characterized by the deep integration of technology and art, coexistence of diversity and personalization, strengthened interdisciplinary cooperation and communication, and a blend of international and local elements. Emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary integration in animation education, the article proposes several strategic recommendations and measures. These include strengthening interdisciplinary course development, establishing interdisciplinary research teams, focusing on practical teaching components, and promoting interdisciplinary integration outcomes. The goal of these recommendations is to cultivate animation talents with broad knowledge backgrounds and high comprehensive qualities, providing robust support for the innovative development of the industry. Additionally, the paper envisions the future development of interdisciplinary integration in animation education, aiming to promote knowledge sharing and innovation across different fields, expand the application areas of animation technology, and drive technological innovation and development in animation. These visions are intended to foster the continuous and healthy development of the animation industry, enhancing its overall level and competitiveness. In summary, this paper aims to support the innovative development of the animation industry through a comprehensive exploration of interdisciplinary integration in animation education, providing valuable references and insights for educators and practitioners, and promoting the reform and development of animation education.

Artificial Intelligence in Marketing

This thesis explores the application of artificial intelligence in marketing and the trends, challenges and opportunities of digital transformation. Firstly, it introduces the definition, development history and main technology and application areas of artificial intelligence. Then, it analyses the overview of the application of AI in the business field, including personalised recommendation, intelligent customer service and other aspects. Subsequently, how AI has changed marketing strategies and practices is explored and compared with traditional approaches. In terms of specific applications, the role and benefits of personalised recommendation systems, intelligent customer service systems, etc. are highlighted. In addition, the application of data-driven market trend analyses, intelligent predictive models, etc. in marketing is examined. Finally, the impact of AI and digital transformation on marketing is summarised, highlighting the need for companies to strengthen data security and management, and to grasp the opportunities of technological development to achieve sustainable development and competitive advantage.

The paradox of progress: How ‘disruptive,’ ‘dual-use,’ ‘democratized,’ and ‘diffused’ technologies shape terrorist innovation

Building upon the existing literature on terror innovation, this research article introduces a new analytical framework that highlights four key elements of emerging technologies which facilitate their adoption by terrorist groups. We posit that technologies that are inherently ‘disruptive,’ ‘dual-use,’ ‘democratized,’ and ‘diffused’ are particularly susceptible to misuse by terrorists, and that it is the interplay between these factors that helps to drive future directions of tech-enabled terror. We draw on terror and extremist interest in and use of two key technology areas – unmanned aerial systems and additive manufacturing, specifically 3‑D‑printed firearms – as examples to highlight how the factors in the framework interact and how they help to drive innovative terror behavior. We conclude with a series of concise recommendations to mitigate harmful terrorist use of these and other disruptive technologies and limit the impact of future tech-enabled terrorist innovations.

Synthesis, structure elucidation, antioxidant properties, and theoretical calculations of new Schiff bases–isatin derivatives

Isatin-derived Schiff bases are the subject of many studies, finding wide application areas in polymer technology, pharmaceutical industry, and medicine. In this study, a series of new Schiff bases were prepared from monothiocarbohydrazones based on isatins with different substituents (5-F, 5-Br, 5-I, and 5-MeO). The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were determined using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR spectroscopic techniques, and elemental analysis. Antioxidant activity determinations of 23 compounds were performed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical quenching method. The highest percent inhibition value at 10 µM concentration was shown by compound number 22, 5-bromoisatin Schiff base containing 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy group. Compound 17, a 5-iodoisatin Schiff base containing 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy group, showed the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 9.76 ± 0.03 µM. In addition to the theoretical analysis of the compounds, both their spectroscopic and antioxidant properties were investigated. The ground-state geometries and some chemical reactivity parameters of the compounds were calculated using the B3LYP/6-311 + + G(2d,2p) approach. Besides intramolecular interactions, substituent effects, and some QTAIM parameters, the calculations were also performed to study the electronic properties of reactive N/O–H bonds and were used to interpret the experimental results. The effects of the electronic parameters and intramolecular interactions of reactive N/O–H bonds on the antioxidant properties of the compounds were investigated. Additionally, the relationships of DPPH reactions with delocalization indices of N/O-H bonds and the pattern of SET/HAT mechanisms with electronic variables were analyzed. Examination of electron and hydrogen atom transfer mechanisms has shown the dominance of electron transfer, supported by the correlation coefficients between IC50 values and SET reaction energies.

Cloud Tools in Higher Education: Literature Review

Cloud computing has proven to be relevant to the area of Information Technology for education, especially in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, in which this technological alternative, which carries dynamic and flexible infrastructure, provided efficient and flexible computing environments. In this literature review, we sought to present the integration of technology in the Brazilian context of university degree, with emphasis on the relationship between education and technology which, although not a recent phenomenon, had its interaction intensified with the advancement of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Large companies in the sector, such as Google, Microsoft, among others, expanded the offer of ICT in several domains and, not unlike, in higher education, seen as valuable allies for e-learning. During the period of remote teaching, due to COVID-19 in order to minimize the socio-educational losses of students, file sharing tools, videoconferences and virtual learning environments have become essential for the continuity of teaching. In this work, we verify that the growing integration of cloud computing in higher education is seen as an essential tool to help and improve higher education in Brazil. Its relevance in the current educational scenario, articulated with technological innovation, has been marked by challenges and opportunities.

TECHNOLOGICAL DISRUPTION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOR

The role of technological disruption in transforming the business environment and its challenges for established companies have been widely discussed in recent decades. In this scenario, entrepreneurial behavior can be crucial in shaping effective strategic responses of these organizations in the face of disruption contexts. This article explores the intersection between these themes, technological disruption, and entrepreneurial behavior, based on the studies of Filion (1993) and Si and Chen (2020). The research methodology is exploratory, qualitative, and bibliographic. The results indicate that personal characteristics of entrepreneurs can influence strategic responses to disruption. It concludes that future research should explore the impact of behavioral factors on the entrepreneurial capacity to deal with disruptive innovations and technological disruption, contributing to the literature in the areas of strategy, technology, and organizational behavior.

China as a ‘systemic challenge’ for NATO strategic interests

NATO’s 2022 Strategic Concept views China as a “systemic challenge” to the Alliance. Joint statements regarding China began to appear several years before the adoption of the new Concept on the official NATO agenda in response to increasing pressure from the Trump administration. The military-political, technological and discursive power of the PRC is perceived by the bloc as a threat to their strategic interests. The greater military-political presence of China in the Arctic and in the Middle East and North Africa is regarded by NATO countries as strengthening the hegemonic aspirations of the PRC. Technological dependence on supplies from China harms the Alliance’s operational capabilities and military mobility. NATO has set itself the goal of adapting to strategic competition with China, particularly in the areas of advanced technologies, artificial intelligence and 5G. China’s influence on the media agenda, as well as its ability to promote its own narrative, threatens transatlantic solidarity and the “soft power” of the Alliance countries. Moreover, China is accused of systematically seeking to sow divisions in transatlantic relations and exploit differences between Western countries to its own advantage. China’s efforts to forge a multipolar world order pose a direct challenge to Western liberal democracies and the rules-based international order. European NATO states have begun to regularly encounter the “China factor” when interacting with the United States. However, there remains disagreement over what policies should be pursued toward Beijing. Those who see China as a security threat advocate general policy coordination with the United States. Those who recognize Beijing as a necessary economic partner and participant in global governance insist that Europe pursue independent policies that distance itself from US strategy. All this suggests that practical steps within the Alliance to counter China, especially outside the Euro-Atlantic region, will face resistance from the United States’ European allies.

How scanning probe microscopy can be supported by artificial intelligence and quantum computing?

The impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly expanding, revolutionizing both science and society. It is applied to practically all areas of life, science, and technology, including materials science, which continuously requires novel tools for effective materials characterization. One of the widely used techniques is scanning probe microscopy (SPM). SPM has fundamentally changed materials engineering, biology, and chemistry by providing tools for atomic-precision surface mapping. Despite its many advantages, it also has some drawbacks, such as long scanning times or the possibility of damaging soft-surface materials. In this paper, we focus on the potential for supporting SPM-based measurements, with an emphasis on the application of AI-based algorithms, especially Machine Learning-based algorithms, as well as quantum computing (QC). It has been found that AI can be helpful in automating experimental processes in routine operations, algorithmically searching for optimal sample regions, and elucidating structure-property relationships. Thus, it contributes to increasing the efficiency and accuracy of optical nanoscopy scanning probes. Moreover, the combination of AI-based algorithms and QC may have enormous potential to enhance the practical application of SPM. The limitations of the AI-QC-based approach were also discussed. Finally, we outline a research path for improving AI-QC-powered SPM. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Artificial intelligence and quantum computing as support for scanning probe microscopy. The analysis indicates a research gap in the field of scanning probe microscopy. The research aims to shed light into ai-qc-powered scanning probe microscopy.

Integrated Data Processing Architecture Applied to Learning Objects Repository for Educational Robotics: Proposing Approach

Educational Robotics has emerged as a multidisciplinary field integrating Information and Communication Technologies, Engineering, and Artificial Intelligence areas in education. Furthermore, Educational Robotics offers an innovative approach to teaching and learning by incorporating the construction and programming of robots. However, the small number of platforms for sharing Educational Robotics Learning Objects with a large amount of well-described metadata poses a challenge for efficient search and retrieval of relevant educational content. This study presents an architecture for data processing and ingestion in the RepositORE system, a Learning Objects Repository for Educational Robotics that stores educational content and associated metadata based on the Dublin Core standard. Based on microservices architecture, the proposed system aims to facilitate the location and reuse of learning objects by adapting the RepositORE system to work as a client service. The theoretical framework explores the concepts of learning objects, repositories, and the significance of Educational Robotics in education, and reviews related works. The proposed architecture and system can potentially enhance the accessibility and discoverability of Educational Robotics Learning Objects, fostering effective teaching and learning experiences.

Controlling Propagation Velocity in Al/Ni Reactive Multilayer Systems by Periodic 2D Surface Structuring

The chemical energy released as heat during the exothermic reaction of reactive multilayer systems has shown potential applications in various technological areas, e.g., in joining applications. However, controlling the heat release rate and the propagation velocity of the reaction is required to enhance their performance in most of these applications. Herein, a method to control the propagation velocity and heat release rate of the system is presented. The sputtering of Al/Ni multilayers on substrates with periodic 2D surface structures promotes the formation of growth defects into the system. This modification in the morphology locally influences the reaction characteristics. Tailoring the number of 2D structures in the substrate enables the control of the velocity and maximum temperature of the propagation front. The morphology of the produced reactive multilayers is investigated before and after reaction using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. In addition, the enthalpy of the system is obtained through calorimetric analysis. The self‐sustained and self‐propagating reaction of the systems is monitored by a high‐speed camera and a high‐speed pyrometer, thus revealing the propagation velocity and the temperatures with time resolution in the microsecond regime.

Reconstruction of images using Fresnel holograms: the relationship between the longitudinal and transverse scales of images

The article is devoted to the study of changes in the relationship between the transverse and longitudinal scales of images. The possibility of changing the classical quadratic relationship between the longitudinal and transverse scales of images is considered, while when using traditional imaging methods in classical optics this is impossible due to the homogeneity and isotropy of space. An analysis of image scale transformations for optical schemes of Fresnel holography using spatially incoherent radiation has been carried out. It is shown that recording a Fresnel hologram allows one to change the ratio between the transverse and longitudinal scales of the reconstructed image within a fairly wide range. The results are relevant for use in those areas of science and technology that require the creation of images that reflect real-world objects as accurately as possible without distortion, for example, in the field of medical imaging.

Patent Trend Analysis of Unmanned Ground Vehicles(UGV) using Topic Modeling

This study provides a thorough examination of Unmanned Ground Vehicles(UGVs), focusing on crucial technologies and trends across major global markets. It includes an in-depth patent analysis revealing the dominant positions of the United States and the European Union in this field. Additionally, it underscores substantial advancements made by China, Japan, and Korea since 2010. Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)-based patent text mining, the study identified key technology areas in UGV development, such as advanced control systems, navigation technologies, power supply mechanisms, and sensing and communication tools. Through linear regression analysis, the study predicted the future paths of these technology areas, offering important insights into the evolving world of UGV technology. The findings can provide strategic guidance for stakeholders in the defense, commercial, and academic sectors, pointing out the future directions in UGV advancements.