Quality Of Technological Processes Research Articles

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МОДИФИЦИРОВАННОГО РАБОЧЕГО ОРГАНА КОМБИНИРОВАННОЙ РОТАЦИОННОЙ КОСИЛКИ

Currently, there are practically no mechanization tools on the market that combine grass removal (mowing) and the levelling loosening of the upper soil layer, while cutting the root systems contained in the soil in one pass. The purpose of the study was to provide a theoretical rationale of the modifi ed design of the working tool of the combined rotary mower, as well as to conduct its laboratory and fi eld studies. Complex theoretical, laboratory and fi eld studies were carried out using the equipment of the Department of Technological and Transport Machines and Complexes, the Department of Technology of Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products of Tver State Agricultural Academy and recognized methods of experimental research. In the course of theoretical studies, the main parameters of the new working tool were determined, which enabled two technological processes to be carried out in one pass: grass mowing and cutting with loosening of the top soil layer (0…10 cm). On the basis of the obtained data, a workable model of the working tool was designed. When tested in laboratory conditions, regardless of the operating modes and the initial state of the cultivated soil, improved agrophysical properties were observed in terms of absolute humidity and saturation with root residues. It was found that the most optimal level of absolute humidity for the impact of the working tool on soils of light-loamy granulometric composition was 20%, while the best structural and density indicators were observed at all values of soil saturation with root residues; thgey averaged 2.24 units and 1.26 g/cm3. It has been established that at low operating speeds, it is advisable to use a higher rotation speed of the working tool (at 150 rpm), at the same time, with an increase in speed, the speed of rotation should be reduced (to 110 rpm). As a result of fi eld experiments, convincing data were obtained on the feasibility of using a new working tool that provides eff ective mowing of grassland vegetation (the purity of the stem cut is 95.6%) and loosening of the surface layer of the soil (0…10 cm), increasing the structural coeffi cient by 26.8% while optimizing the density and grinding of root systems. The next stages of the study include developing and manufacturing a workable design of a combined rotary mower prototype that ensures the optimal energy intensity of performance and the required quality of technological processes.

Дослідження силових параметрів технологічного процесу різання хлібобулочних виробів

Goal To investigate the influence of force parameters of bakery cutting process on cutting productivity and equipment capacity. Actuality of the work is to optimize energy costs and increase the durability of equipment. Method The technique is that the analysis of the force parameters of the cutting process was performed using experimental studies, on the basis of which a mathematical model of the cutting process was built by the method of a complete factorial experiment. Results. A mathematical model of the technological process of cutting with the help of a full factorial experiment is constructed and the influence of force parameters on cutting productivity and equipment power is analyzed. Scientific novelty. The influence of force parameters on productivity and quality of technological process of cutting of bakery products is confirmed. The mathematical model of the process of cutting bakery products has been improved. Practical significance. The study of the influence of force parameters on the specific cutting force allowed to optimize the process, reducing energy consumption and ensuring maximum productivity of the cutting process. The obtained results can be used to design new equipment.

Directions of improvement of the quality management system for the construction of oil and gas wells

Based on the requirements of ISO 9000: 2015, production operations are described in the process of oil and gas wells construction, which have a decisive influence on the quality of the final product. The quality indicators are given, with which one can evaluate both the production process of the construction and the well as a finished construction. Given quality indicators are proposed to be divided into indicators when designing a well, and indica-tors for the well construction and operation. The quality indicators adopted during the construction and operation of the borehole are proposed to be systematized into the appropriate quality hierarchy. Hierarchy levels in drilling should be divided by type of work performed in the cycle of well construction, namely: surface hole drilling, well casing, intermediate hole drilling, intermediate well casing, production casing drilling (separately – drilling-in op-eration or pay-drilling), setting of production casing. The hierarchy of the quality evaluation of the technological process of drilling and casing using the T. Saati method is given. Some recommendations are made for using a pairwise comparison scale for process evaluation. The concept of “reference quality” has been introduced, with which present achieved indicators of drilling and casing quality are compared. The method of calculating the inte-gral coefficient of quality and the corresponding scale of quality of technological processes of drilling and casing is proposed. As a result, it is proposed to determine the integral coefficient of quality through the ratio of the estima-tion obtained from the priority vector for the actual achieved quality to the estimation for the reference quality. The integral coefficient will not exceed 1.00. Accordingly, a scale is established for the low, good and high quality wells, as completed mining facilities. The directions and quality indicators, which are difficult to express quantita-tively, are defined, and with this the new hierarchy of the quality assessment of well as a completed structure is formulated. Quality control is planned to be put on supervisors. The basic principles of quality control in drilling are formulated.

Comprehensive assessment of the impact of technological processes of mechanical processing on the environment and people based on the energy representation

The article considers the some indicators of quality of technological processes machining, characterizing their impact on the environment and human, which determine the competitiveness of these processes. This primarily refers to the safety performance indicators which are specific to the technological processes machining – power consumption, vibration, noise, air pollution of the working area products of thermal degradation of cutting coolant, and some others. In addition, the work also touched upon questions related to social aspects of improving occupational safety performance.

Research of functional element’s «Automobiles» parameters influence on the quality indicator of technological processes of autoservice enterprises

The analysis of perspective tendencies which connected with changing of autopark structure and designs of vehicles, the newest technologies of diagnosing their technical condition and service, methods of estimation services quality at the existing auto service enterprises, the last EU directives on application of the corresponding technical regulations has shown that innovative approaches to the organization of technical service systems for vehicles, assessing the quality of technological processes of maintaining and restoring the working condition of vehicles and ensuring the efficiency of car service systems should be applied. Therefore, the development of methodology for assessing the quality of technological processes of vehicle recovery at the systems of auto service enterprises, which would take into account a comprehensive approach to future trends in fleet structure and vehicle designs, the latest technologies for diagnosing their technical condition and maintenance, methods of assessing service quality is an urgent problem today. The article is devoted to study of influence independent parameters of functional element «Automobiles», which are part of morphological structure of auto service system, on the quality of technological processes for vehicles restoring. Independent parameters of the functional element «Automobiles» are: automobile full weight, energy unite type, automobile age. The analysis is performed using visualization of a nonlinear model of the Sugeno type, developed in the Matlab package. The study is conducted for the following types of auto service enterprises: maintenance points, car repair shops, service stations, authorized service stations, specialized auto service enterprises, complex auto service enterprises. It is shown that when changing the combinations of independent parameters of the functional element «Automobiles» it is possible to increase the level of this indicator from 0,1 to 11,1% for different types of auto service enterprises

To the justification of the parameters of the disk case for undisturbed notches

The influence of technological parameters of the design of the housing of the discator for basic tillage on unrecorded cuttings on its traction resistance is studied. Resource-saving reforestation technologies, which allow to avoid stump clearing, cause the least harm to deforestation ecology and save material resources. Disk tools in the conditions of uncorrupted cuttings significantly surpass plow plows in terms of providing the required maneuverability. The advantage of the discs is the individual attachment of the hulls to the frame, which eliminates clogging of the hull with plant residues and soil. The design of the casing of the discator is investigated, which ensures the required quality of soil turnover and its preservation in the form of a continuous tape laid near the furrow on uncorrupted cuttings. The disk case increases the technical level of modern forest tillage tools, which will improve their competitive advantages among other forest machines used for plowing. As a result of experimental studies of the obtained regression model traction case disc header, allowing to determine its optimal parameters, ensuring the quality of technological process of tillage with minimum energy consumption. The mathematical model is used in the design of forest tools.

Process Quality Assessment

The work is devoted to the study of procedures for assessing the quality of technological process. It is emphasized that there are significant differences in the parameters for assessing the state of an object and a process. When the technological process proceeds, it most often requires smoothness, the absence of spasmodic changes, since violation of these requirements affects the quality of the final result of the technological process - the finished product. The concepts of process quality and control quality are further divided. To evaluate the latter, there are classical indicators: accuracy, speed, stability margin, and sensitivity. Changes in the quality level of the technological process reflect other characteristics, such as deviations in: synchronization, coordination, stability of technological modes and operational costs.

OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF WORKING BODIES OF MACHINES FOR SUGAR BEET PRODUCTION

Existing technologies and modern technical means do not always provide the required quality of technological processes for growing sugar beets. Increasing requirements necessitate continuous improvement of existing and creation of new high-performance machines and units to ensure high-quality production technologies of sugar beet crops. Improved technological processes for the production of sugar beet crops are described in the article. Such technological processes include: loosening the compacted topsoil and destruction of the soil crust before the emergence of sugar beet shoots, loosening the soil after emergence, feeding sugar beets with increased soil hardness and low moisture content, inter-row soil cultivation with hilling plants in lines. As a result of research of technologies for inter-row processing of sugar beets in the system of crop care, the following ratio was established: the optimal depth and width of the strips for cutting the top layer of the soil, depending on the depth of placement of the sown seeds; the distance between the ribs of the roller, depending on the depth of cutting the soil; the maximum depth of soil loosening in the row zone and the row spacing zone, depending on the depth of sowing seeds and the placement of the root system of beets; the required depth of soil loosening in the aisles, depending on the specified optimal depth of application of mineral fertilizers in the aisles; the required distance from the conditional centerline of the beet rows to the zone of mineral fertilization in the aisles, etc. The use of optimized technological processes makes it possible to create the necessary conditions for the growth and development of sugar beet plants on heavy-textured soils and after a significant amount of precipitation and an increase in soil density. In addition, the proposed innovative technologies ensure the preservation and even increase of soil moisture, reduction of sparseness and contamination of crops, as well as losses and damage to sugar beet roots during harvesting. The research results can be used to improve and optimize zonal technologies and technical means for growing sugar beets in conditions of high density and insufficient soil moisture, as well as in the educational process in the preparation of future specialists from agricultural engineering for scientific project activities.

RESEARCH OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES QUALITY INDICATOR CHANGING TAKING INTO ACCOUNT MUTUAL INFLUENCE OF FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS AUTOSERVICE SYSTEM

The analysis of perspective tendencies which connected with changing of autopark structure and designs of vehicles, the newest technologies of diagnosing their technical condition and service, methods of estimation services quality at the existing auto service enterprises, the last EU directives on application of the corresponding technical regulations has shown that innovative approaches to the organization of technical service systems for vehicles, assessing the quality of technological processes of maintaining and restoring the working condition of vehicles and ensuring the efficiency of car service systems should be applied. Therefore, the development of methodology for assessing the quality of technological processes of vehicle recovery at the systems of auto service enterprises, which would take into account a comprehensive approach to future trends in fleet structure and vehicle designs, the latest technologies for diagnosing their technical condition and maintenance, methods of assessing service quality is an urgent problem today.The article is devoted to the study of influence independent parameters describing the morphological structure of auto service system on the quality of technological processes fore restoring the efficiency of vehicles. The independent parameters are: capacity of auto service companies (number of posts), level of personnel availability, production organization form, automobile full weight, energy unite type, automobile age, income level of vehicle’s owners. The analysis is performed using visualization of a nonlinear model of the Sugeno type, developed in the Matlab package. The study is conducted for the following types of auto service companies:maintenance points, car repair shops, service stations, authorized service stations, specialized auto service enterprises, complex auto service enterprises. It is shown that for the studied enterprises of different types technical service the change of values morphological features of the main functional elements allows to increase the level of quality of technological processes of vehicle’s maintenance and restoration from 0,1% to 21,1%.

ANALYTICAL MONITORING OF FINANCING THE AGRICULTURAL FORMATION PRODUCTION PROGRAM

An effective mechanism for financing the implementation of the production program can be created only if the timely management of compliance with the organization and technology of production, the necessary information used for quality assessment and operational forecasting of this process. For the system analysis of the performance of the production program, it is necessary to use as much as possible various data sources which are formed both at the enterprise and out of it. It is important to process them in a timely and well-thought-out way to identify problematic moments at the very beginning of their origin. This will be facilitated by the system of analytical monitoring as an effective tool for preparing relevant information for the development and adjustment of management decisions related to financing the production program through the receipt of own, borrowed and borrowed funds and their rational use to optimize production processes. It is proved that the adequacy and timeliness of financial resources is a determining factor in the successful implementation of the production program. This is especially important for agricultural production, as all technological processes must be performed in the optimal time. It is very important to ensure self-financing of the production program, as this is a prerequisite for reducing the cost of production and increasing its competitiveness. Only under such conditions can the system of analytical monitoring be considered effective, which provides the high-quality and timely formation of information about the object of observation, and its analytical understanding as a necessary prerequisite for the development and adoption of effective management decisions. Further research should be aimed at timely receipt of objective information on compliance with the timing and quality of technological processes, which can be obtained using the benefits of digitalization, and justification of the need for financial resources taking into account organizational and legal forms of economic entities, their production direction, specialization production and its diversification, expanding the search for sources of minimum value for its financing. Keywords: analytical monitoring; financing; agricultural formations; production program; technology; cash flows; synchronization, management decisions.

Marketable Product Quality Management in Conditions of Coal Mining at a Deposit of Complicated Structure

Globalization of the energy feedstock market has led to the fact that, in recent decades, parameters of the thermal coal market significantly changed. Depletion of “rich” deposits implies development of new deposits of more complicated structure and characteristics. The paper proposes a new approach to managing quality of marketable products in the course of development of a coal deposit of complicated structure, which has demonstrated its effectiveness in the conditions of the Beisky deposit. The approach to managing quality of the marketable products is based on the concept of the relevance of improving the quality of technological processes and their differentiation according to the criterion of the maximum ratio of value and cost of the products. Typical solutions are proposed, and the results of implementation of the developed methodological approach to managing quality of the marketable products as exemplified by the Vostochno-Beisky open-pit coal mine are presented. Methods of analysis of technological factors governing the selection of parameters of the process operations were used, and the substantiation of the processes for preparation of blocks, excavation, transportation, storage and processing of products in conditions of open pit mining of a coal deposit having complicated structure was performed. The implementation of the developed technological solutions in the conditions of the Vostochno-Beisky open-pit coal mine allowed to obtain positive results, expressed in the growth of quality indicators of the marketable products by 4-6 %.

Розробка функціональної моделі виконання технологічних процесів на автосервісних підприємствах

The service quality at car service enterprises is an important characteristic. For researching the influence of various factors on the quality level of technological processes, a functional model (scheme) was developed. The main elements of the scheme are energy, mass and information flows, which form the inputs and outputs in the system processes, feedback, environments and constraints. This model clearly identifies all the important parameters that depend on the quality of technological processes in the enterprise. These parameters include: availability of technological design documentation, availability of manuals for repair and operation of car brands that are relevant in this period of time, the availability of modern technology in the production process, the degree of compliance with technical regulations, the degree of consumer requirements consideration. Also, the main factors of the external environment which affect the level of technological processes quality and the place of their influence in the production process of the car service enterprise were determined. The method of determination of the most up-to-date car brands that require maintenance and repair is offered. The presence of feedbacks in each process ensures the continuous improvement of the technological process and the quality of the services too. Through the use of this functional model, which reflects the implementation of technological processes, it becomes possible for the leadership of the car service enterprises to respond in time to changes in the external environment and to make strategic decisions on optimization of the enterprise functioning.

Умови коректності крайових задач

The article deals with the issues of mathematical modeling of technological systems that contain physical fields’ sources. It is believed that in the case of a simple spatial form of the object under study, the boundary value problems will be correct. The interest lies in mathematical models for nonlinear, multilayer objects under the influence of load sources, for which, using the traditional theory of existence and unity, it is impossible to guarantee the correctness of boundary value problems. The author considers boundary value problems for systems of differential and pseudo differential equations in a multilayer medium which describe the state of the studied systems under the action of discrete load sources. The correctness of such problems is proven using the theory of distributions over the space of generalized functions. The object of research is boundary value problems for systems of differential and pseudo differential equations in a multilayer medium. The aim of the research is to build correct boundary value problems, which underlie the calculated mathematical models of the process of action of physical fields on multilayer objects. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the correctness of the parabolic boundary value problem in the space of generalized functions are obtained in the article. It is shown that its solution is infinitely differentiated by a spatial variable. The results of the research can be used to obtain the conditions for the correctness of the boundary value problem for differential equations with variable coefficients. Note that, in some cases, the correctness of the calculated mathematical models determines the correctness of applied optimization mathematical models. The application of the author's research is possible when proving the correctness of boundary value problems for a number of technological processes. The universality of the research allows to widely usage of the results obtained in this work to improve the quality of technological processes.

Quality control of electrical energy production

The problems associated with the control of electricity production from the point of view of the system approach are considered. The analysis of technological process of production of electric energy as object of control is given. The target function of technological process of production of electric energy is shown. The algorithm of allocation of the main criterion of quality of technological process of production of electric energy is given. Modelling of control of technological process of production of electrical energy with the tuning of the model is carried out. The results show the possibility of reducing the influence of uncontrolled parameters in the systems of electricity production.

Анализ технологической подготовки предприятий по техническому обслуживанию и ремонту вагонов

The paper analyzes the technological preparation of production at the railcar enterprises in terms of developing technological processes and processing sets of technological documents. Factors affecting the quality of technological preparation of production for maintenance and repair of rolling stock are considered. In contrast to the previously performed works, where the assessment of the level of technological training was carried out by experts of a scientific organization, the initial data in the article were the results of a survey of specialists of technical departments of structural divisions of the car industry of the Sverdlovsk and South Ural Railways. Based on the method of expert qualimetry, the weight of factors that have the greatest impact on the quality of technological processes is estimated. As a result of the survey, a low level of automation of design processes was established, which consists mainly in the design of technological documentation. It is shown that the degree of depth of development and detail of technological processes is at the level of the route description

Определение качества технологий с учетом основных производственно-организационных мероприятий

The article presents the list of singular indicators of technological support of technologies and the method of determining their actual values and their quality levels. According to the results of determining the quality level of technological processes, one of three management decisions can be made. The paper describes singular quality indicators that are directly related to the quality of technological processes in the machine-building industry, at the stage of design and preparation of technical documentation. And also presented are complex quality indicators, based on which determine the generalized indicator of quality of the evaluated technological process. As a result of the work the features of conformity assessment of technological processes and related mandatory requirements are formed. Also described is the process of obtaining a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the quality of the technological process with a detailed description of all necessary formulas

Verification of a design model and evaluation of a technique of manufacturing aircraft engine composite parts on the basis of dynamic tests

The results of finite element modeling and experimental evaluation of dynamic characteristics (vibration modes and frequencies) of the composite element of aircraft power plant structures are presented. The aim of the work is to develop effective design and technological schemes for thin-walled complex-geometry composite parts, taking into account the peculiarities of mechanical behavior of polymer composite materials to the fullest extent possible. A method for determining the parameters of natural oscillations of composite parts in a free state using a ping test is developed, which allows excluding the influence of kinematic boundary conditions and obtaining frequency characteristics that depend only on the local characteristics of the material which are primarily determined by the manufacturing technology. According to the results of measurements of the amplitude-frequency parameters of the dynamic response, spectrograms of damped oscillations are obtained the peak values of which correspond to the experimental evaluation of the natural frequencies of the composite part. Verification of the design model was carried out according to the results of the ping test and a method for assessing the quality of technological processes of manufacturing thin-walled carbon fiber structures was proposed.

On the possibility of unification of synchronous motors with permanent magnets with asynchronous motors of general application

The use of modern high-coercive permanent magnets in synchronous motors allows one not only to unify the design and technology of their fabrication with asynchronous motors of general application, but also to significantly increase the efficiency of electric drives of production equipment and quality of technological processes. The performed studies have led to the conclusion that this problem is effectively solved by reconstructing only the active part of the rotor of an induction motor.

Implementation of fuzzy logic in the smelting process of control algorithms of copper-nickel sulfide materials

The analysis of control quality of technological process of melting of copper-Nickel sulfide materials is carried out. The structure of the automatic melting control system is proposed, information and control channels are described. The algorithm of process control using fuzzy logic, which allows stabilizing the copper content in the matte within the specified limits.

The problems of intelligence improving of power plants process control system

Trends in the development of modern control systems of technological processes (ACS TP) on the basis of program and technical complexes (PTC) are aimed at creating a unified control system of the power unit in all modes of its operation, capable in addition to directly controlling the power unit, blocking operator errors, using intelligent control strategies. At the same time, improving the quality of technological processes based on new hardware and software and the achievements of the modern theory of automatic control occurs mainly at the level of power unit equipment and to a much lesser extent – at the level of the power plant. It is obvious that the level of intelligence of ACS TP should correspond to the technical level of promising high-efficiency power plants. Under these conditions, the problem of increasing the degree of intelligence of energy production management systems in power plants through the development and implementation of new innovative technologies, algorithms and systems for optimal control of the operation of equipment of power plants and power plants in general is extremely urgent. At the same time, a set of technical solutions and technologies should provide, in addition to high efficiency, such “sparing” modes of operation, which allow to reduce the rate of exhaustion of the resource characteristics of the equipment and thereby prolong its service life. This shows the necessity and expediency of developing intelligent high-performance control systems for the entire cycle of energy production in power plants, by expanding the functionality of the PTC in terms of optimal control of technological and production processes of the block and station levels.