Technological Pipeline Research Articles

АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДОВ ОЦЕНКИ ПРОЧНОСТИ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ В ЗОНАХ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЙ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ

The analysis of methods for assessing strength in areas of mechanical stress concentrations in structures with defects is considered. As examples, the connections of a pipe with a welded shell and a technological pipeline with a through crack in the metal stratification zone delamination are given. It is shown that the calculation of structures with defects is based on the determination of the type of stress state that occurs under load, which is usually characterized by the value of the stiffness coefficient. Analysis of the study of a fragment of a technological pipeline in the zone of wall de-struction showed that the rupture occurred in the zone of the greatest wall thinning caused by the de-lamination of the wall metal, and the cause of the destruction was an excess of internal pressure

Synthetized Multilanguage OCR Using CRNN and SVTR Models for Realtime Collaborative Tools

Background: Remote diagnosis using collaborative tools have led to multilingual joint working sessions in various domains, including comprehensive health care, and resulting in more inclusive health care services. One of the main challenges is providing a real-time solution for shared documents and presentations on display to improve the efficacy of noninvasive, safe, and far-reaching collaborative models. Classic optical character recognition (OCR) solutions fail when there is a mixture of languages or dialects or in case of the participation of different technical levels and skills. Due to the risk of misunderstandings caused by mistranslations or lack of domain knowledge of the interpreters involved, the technological pipeline also needs artificial intelligence (AI)-supported improvements on the OCR side. This study examines the feasibility of machine learning-supported OCR in a multilingual environment. The novelty of our method is that it provides a solution not only for different speaking languages but also for a mixture of technological languages, using artificially created vocabulary and a custom training data generation approach. Methods: A novel hybrid language vocabulary creation method is utilized in the OCR training process in combination with convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNNs) and a single visual model for scene text recognition within the patch-wise image tokenization framework (SVTR). Data: In the research, we used a dedicated Python-based data generator built on dedicated collaborative tool-based templates to cover and simulated the real-life variances of remote diagnosis and co-working collaborative sessions with high accuracy. The generated training datasets ranged from 66 k to 8.5 M in size. Twenty-one research results were analyzed. Instruments: Training was conducted by using tuned PaddleOCR with CRNN and SVTR modeling and a domain-specific, customized vocabulary. The Weight & Biases (WANDB) machine learning (ML) platform is used for experiment tracking, dataset versioning, and model evaluation. Based on the evaluations, the training dataset was adjusted by using a different language corpus or/and modifications applied to templates. Results: The machine learning models recognized the multilanguage/hybrid texts with high accuracy. The highest precision scores achieved are 90.25%, 91.35%, and 93.89%. Conclusions: machine learning models for special multilanguages, including languages with artificially made vocabulary, perform consistently with high accuracy.

Mining The Microbiome: A Mini Review on Natural Products Discovery from Soil

In this review, we touch on the historical overview of natural products discovery from soil and discuss their classification up to date. New advancement on innovation and technological pipeline that contributed on the foundation of isolation of microbial biosynthetic diversity across soil environmental community have revealed massive reservoirs of as yet untapped natural product chemistry. We highlight the successful strategies that has emerged and threats that must be overcome to enable the development of a high throughput approach for natural product discovery from complex microbial communities.

Application of bacterial optimization algorithms for selecting a site to construct a tank park on the main oil pipeline

The oil industry is the leading sector of the Russian economy, that makes the largest contribution to the country’s budget, creates a huge number of jobs and fully meets the domestic needs for oil and its products. In Russia, transportation of crude oil from fields to consumers (primarily refineries) is carried out by 5 modes of transport. Pipeline transport has received the greatest distribution. It provides transportation for 83% of crude oil and 30% of oil products. The most important element of the pipeline system is tank parks, which are used to collect and store oil at the junctions of technological pipeline sections and transshipment to other modes of transport. They are especially dangerous industrial objects. Therefore, they are subject to extremely stringent design and construction requirements. The most important stage in the construction of a tank park is the site selection, which is carried out on the basis of economic criteria and engineering requirements. In order to reduce the number of options for its location, where the survey party will travel, it is proposed to conduct a preliminary selection of the most promising territories by solving the task of multi-criteria optimization. The presence of a huge number of criteria leads to the need to use heuristic methods, among which swarm optimization algorithms based on modeling the collective behavior of various living organisms are widely used. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use bacterial optimization algorithms that allow taking into account both favorable and negative factors. Fuzzy logic elements can be added to the classical algorithm (it is proposed to set the initial positions of bacteria using fuzzy-logical inference systems, where the available statistics and expert assessments will be input parameters). In general, the proposed approach can be used to select sites for the construction of various hazardous industrial facilities, for which a large number of parameters must be taken into account.

Generative Adversarial Neural Networks and Deep Learning: Successful Cases and Advanced Approaches

Cross-domain artificial intelligence (AI) frameworks are the keys to amplify progress in science. Cutting edge deep learning methods offer novel opportunities for retrieving, optimizing, and improving different data types. AI techniques provide new ways for enhancing and polishing existing models that are used in applied sciences. New breakthroughs in generative adversarial neural networks (GANNs/GANs) and deep learning allow to drastically increase the quality of diverse graphic samples obtained with research equipment. All these innovative approaches can be compounded into a unified academic and technological pipeline that can radically elevate and accelerate scientific research and development. The authors analyze a number of successful cases of GAN and deep learning applications in applied scientific fields (including observational astronomy, health care, materials science, deep fakes, bioinformatics, and typography) and discuss advanced approaches for increasing GAN and DL efficiency in terms of performance calibration using modified data samples, algorithmic enhancements, and various hybrid methods of optimization.

Otkrivanje propuštanja na tehnološkom cjevovodu uz pomoć akustične emisije

Leak detection is one of the main tasks of pipeline inspection, as the extension of pipelines usually requires a pipeline repair capability. Reliable and fast detection of fluid leaks in pipelines is extremely important for seaports, where their branched system is located. The most frequent locations of pipeline leakages are seam weldings and flanged joints, which are most exposed to plastic deformation. The aim of this study was to detect leaks in a technological pipeline connecting two vertical bitumen storage tanks. Based on the spectral analysis of acoustic emission signals (AE), a characteristic picture of the pipeline micro-damage process course (leakage, delamination, cracking, rupture, etc.) was obtained.

Analytical Criterion for the Strength of Bonded-Dispersed Gels During Pipeline Transportation

Modern pipeline systems, both main and industrial, allow transporting a wide range of liquid and gaseous substances, including a variety of solid bulk materials, minerals, building materials and mixtures. However, the development of pipeline transport systems today is hindered by the lack of theoretical developments in the implementation of practical engineering projects for the creation of both main and industrial product pipelines for various purposes. Therefore, the further development of the theory of flows of various substances in pipelines and the creation of universal methods for engineering calculations of design parameters of pipeline systems based on this theory are priority tasks for the further development of product pipeline transport. The studies were carried out in accordance with the condition of stochastic transformation of the coagulation-thixotropic structure of the gel flow into sol. Such a stochastic transformation of the coagulation-thixotropic structure can be observed both when reaching the mode that determines the turbulent motion of a viscous colloidal solution, and somewhat earlier – at the stages of the laminar flow regime of the solution. Based on the formal phenomenological analysis, it has been determined that during the transition of the laminar mode of motion of the Newton fluid flow in a cylindrical tube to the turbulent mode, the transported structured gel flow is guaranteed to collapse into a colloidal sol. Based on the example of a typical design calculation of a technological (production) pipeline for the transportation of motor oils of the SAE-10 and SAE-40 grades, the optimal conditional internal diameters of the product pipeline were determined. The compliance of the design structural parameters of the pipelines with the corresponding physical and mechanical properties of the transported liquids was established. The proposed methods of engineering calculations of design parameters for technical objects of pipeline transport should expand and supplement the regulatory documentation for the preparation of projects for the construction of both main product pipelines and technological “interoperable” production pipelines

Reducing of Non-Productive Heat Losses in Energy Generation

The article is devoted to the analysis of non-productive losses in the generation of thermal energy. The causes of heat losses and their localization on the station equipment, technological pipeline and at unbalance of technological processes are established. As a result of the analysis, recommendations were given for the joint use of nuclear power plants (NPPs) or thermal power plants (TPPs) with available renewable energy sources (RES), using thermal storage systems, which will balance the system "generation - transportation - consumption". The use of stationary and mobile heat accumulators in the generation of RES, secondary thermal energy (TER) will reduce heat loss, use low-potential sources, which will relieve service equipment, reduce fuel consumption (FER) and harmful emissions into the environment. Also, it is recommended to conduct a full energy audit of station equipment and pipelines. Implement replacement of technically obsolete equipment with low efficiency, replace piping and insulation. Update the automation system, introduce a process scheduling system. Balance technological processes.

Modeling a stressed-deformed state of a technological pipeline with a displacement of edges

During installation or repair of pipeline routes, a deviation such as a displacement of the edges of the docking elements, which is formed due to a certain mistake in preparation for welding and welding of the section, is possible. The permissible values of the displacing edges are regulated by the state standard and other regulatory and technical documentation in the field of design, installation, operation and repair of process pipelines. When identifying displacement sizes not exceeding the permissible limits, the pipeline is allowed further operation. In the future, to ensure reliable operation of the pipeline, a periodic assessment of its technical condition is carried out according to current standards. However, even the allowable displacement of the edges is a kind of stress concentrator and can be a source of crack nucleation and further destruction, which will lead to an emergency. Current methods for diagnosing and extending the life of pipelines do not include measures to assess the maximum stresses of welded joints with offsets. There is no analysis of how the displacement of the edges in certain areas affects the stress-deformed state of the entire pipeline as a whole, and what impact do co-locate technical devices have with possible geometric deviations during installation, for example, deviations from verticality. In this paper, we study the interconnection between the effects of technologically neighboring apparatuses and deviations from verticality formed during installation, as well as areas of displacement of the edges of the processing pipeline to the stress-deformed state of the pipeline as a whole.

Use of collapsible pipelines for joint work with main oil product pipelines

The paper describes development stages for dismountable pipelines to work together with the major oil pipeline. Dismountable pipelines are used for transporting refined oil volumes over great distances in any climatic and geographical conditions. A dismountable construction provides technological pipeline schemes for rapid transportation and distribution of refined oil products to storage tanks. Subsequently, these products from containers can be utilized for various purposes.

The road towards data integration in human genomics: players, steps and interactions.

Thousands of new experimental datasets are becoming available every day; in many cases, they are produced within the scope of large cooperative efforts, involving a variety of laboratories spread all over the world, and typically open for public use. Although the potential collective amount of available information is huge, the effective combination of such public sources is hindered by data heterogeneity, as the datasets exhibit a wide variety of notations and formats, concerning both experimental values and metadata. Thus, data integration is becoming a fundamental activity, to be performed prior to data analysis and biological knowledge discovery, consisting of subsequent steps of data extraction, normalization, matching and enrichment; once applied to heterogeneous data sources, it builds multiple perspectives over the genome, leading to the identification of meaningful relationships that could not be perceived by using incompatible data formats. In this paper, we first describe a technological pipeline from data production to data integration; we then propose a taxonomy of genomic data players (based on the distinction between contributors, repository hosts, consortia, integrators and consumers) and apply the taxonomy to describe about 30 important players in genomic data management. We specifically focus on the integrator players and analyse the issues in solving the genomic data integration challenges, as well as evaluate the computational environments that they provide to follow up data integration by means of visualization and analysis tools.

The Research of the Stress-Strain State of the Pipeline System, Taking into Account the Change in Spatial Location

In the work, the influence of changes in the geometry of the technological pipeline on the stress-strain state is studied, taking into account the complexity of the strapping of technological equipment and the parameters affecting the deformation. The authors analysed the stress-strain state of technological pipeline systems with a change in their spatial location, simulated 3 options for the spatial location of the pipeline system. The best option was selected to ensure its reliable operation, depending on the design parameters. In conclusion, the effect of hydraulic load on the VAT of the pipeline was investigated. The calculations were carried out according to the standard method in the PC program “Start” and using the finite element method in the PC SolidWorks. It is established that a change in the geometry of the pipeline system significantly affects its stress-strain state. On the example of changing the geometric arrangement of equipment piping shown the possibility of reducing VAT in the pipe bends by 19%. It is shown that when assessing the strength of technological pipelines with complex geometry and a significant number of elements, it is necessary to take into account hydraulic loads, which can increase the VAT in pipeline elements up to 21.7%.

The assessment of the individual resource of the welded joint during repairs of the technological pipeline

The relevance of research is due to the necessity to develop recommendations for assessing the “individual” resource of welded joints of technological pipelines using non-destructive testing methods for the timely detection of welds with the smallest resource to ensure reliable operation of equipment and the inadmissibility of premature failure in the weld zone. The task is to develop recommendations for determining “individual”resource of welded joints of technological pipelines with a different level of edge displacement and imperfection by introducing correction factors into the modified Coffin-Manson equation based on the mechanical characteristics of the yield strength and strength, determined as a result of static tensile testing of samples of various sections of welded joints with maximum acoustic and magnetic signals according to the results of flux-probe and ultrasonic non-destructive testing. For research, 6 pipe fragments were selected made of steel 20 with dimensions of 159×7 mm and a length of 45 mm each. Fragments were welded together by different types of welding with different displacements of the edges of the welded elements. The authors developed recommendations for assessing the “individual” resource of welded joints of technological pipelines. It is shown that the introduction of correction factors depending on the amount of offset of the edges of the welded joint allows to increase the accuracy of the predicted durability of individual welds by 4% for manual and 11% for semi-automatic welding, respectively.

Amplitude–Frequency Analysis of High-Pressure Pulses in the Confuser of a Complex Technological Pipeline

Methods of estimating the vibrational effect of high-pressure pulses on the confuser of the complex technological pipeline have been presented. Hydrodynamic calculations are performed using the Ansys Fluent software package. To analyze the propagation of high-pressure pulses, time series of hydrodynamic variables have been constructed at several points of the model confuser located on the axis of the pipeline. Two linear stationary hydrodynamic models of the confuser have been constructed, and the possibility of their use in modeling the nonstationary propagation processes of high-pressure pulses has been studied. It has been established that, with an accuracy of more than 90%, the studied unsteady hydrodynamic processes in the confuser can be described by linear stationary models. An analysis of the amplitude–frequency characteristics of the confuser using these models showed that an approximately 100-bar impact on the confuser of pressure pulses is permissible and leads to pulsations of pressure with a signal-to-noise ratio of 110 dB, which does not exceed the maximum permissible level of pressure pulsations.

Wedge Gate Valves Selected during Technological Pipeline Systems Designing Service Life Assessment

Wedge gate valves are widespread in petroleum refining industry. Manufacturers assign resources based on the valve body calculation results under the current regulatory and technical documentation. Previous studies have determined that the wedge gate valves fail before the appointed time. In some cases wedge gate valves cease to provide the locking tightness. In this regard, there was a need to adjust he wedge gate valves technical resource with account for the wedge resources, changing under the operating parameters influence.Hydrodynamic calculations were performed taking into account technological parameters using FLOWVISION. Based on these results, wedge stress-strain state (SSS) calculations were performed using FSI (fluid-structure interaction) technology. On the basis of SSS assessment the wedge number of cycles to failure was determined using a FE-SAFE module.The wedge SSS calculations ODB-file were imported to FE-SAFE module. The set calculation parameters: the dimension of physical quantities, the wedge metal physical and chemical properties, loading cycle. After calculating the wedge hooks number of cycles to failure were obtained.The calculation results showed that the wedge gate valves technical resource is primarily affected by the operating parameters such as the flow rate and pipeline system pressure. The tested valves resource values are less than those indicated by the manufacturer. The results show the need to adjust the valves assigned resource taking into account the operating parameters influence on the wedge.

ЗМІНИ БІЛКОВИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ КРОВІ КОРОПА ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КОМПЛЕКСУ СИМБІОНТНИХ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ

In modern conditions the intensification of cultivation and fish farming industrial fish farming today is based on the principles of technological pipeline. One way of improving the technology of cultivation and breeding of fish and maintain normal physiological status is the use of probiotic microorganisms. Fruits included in their composition can produce different active substances disposed of harmful metabolic products provide an antagonistic effect on pathogens. It is known that the use of probiotics affect the cellular and biochemical composition of blood, including the performance level of protein in the blood. The purpose of these studies was to determine the impact of complex probiotic microorganism Bacillus subtillis and Lactobacillus acidophilus compared with the use of these monocultures of microorganisms on the blood protein fractions of common carp. Through monitoring of total protein in serum may receive the most accurate information about the immune status carp. It was found that the inclusion in the diet of carp probiotic complex consisting of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus vplyvayea more positive on blood levels of total protein and its fractions in the serum of carp than using the latest in a monoculture. Besides data indicate intensification of metabolic processes in the body of the fish. However, the increase in γ–globulins shows a positive effect probiotynoho complex on humoral immunity factor carp.

DESAT: A Solar SoftWare tool for image de-saturation in the Atmospheric Image Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory

Saturation affects a significant rate of images recorded by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). This paper describes a computational method and a technological pipeline for the de-saturation of such images, based on several mathematical ingredients like Expectation Maximization, image correlation and interpolation. An analysis of the computational properties and demands of the pipeline, together with an assessment of its reliability are performed against a set of data recorded from the February 25 2014 flaring event.

Use of the Acoustic Emission Method for Detecting Corrosive Damages of Technological Pipelines

An example of testing a technological pipeline using the acoustic emission method is described. Increased corrosive activity zones are detected and an attempt of estimating the sources with the use of criteria which have not been used earlier for estimating the corrosive attack (local dynamic Ivanov–Bykov criterion) is made.