Cost Of Technological Innovation Research Articles

Study on Business Administration Problems and Countermeasures of Rural Enterprises in the Context of Rural Revitalization

The general requirements of the rural revitalization strategy pay more attention to the overall development of rural areas and have richer connotations. Industrial prosperity means promoting industrial development, attracting a large amount of capital, advanced technology and talents into the countryside, promoting the industrial development of the countryside by mobilizing the production enthusiasm and creativity of farmers, forming a vibrant rural industrial system, and realizing the modernization of the countryside and the modernization of agriculture. In the context of rural revitalization, business administration innovation in rural enterprises has become an important way to enhance the comprehensive strength and core competitiveness of enterprises. However, enterprise business administration innovation also faces a series of problems and challenges, such as the lack of innovative elements in enterprise culture, imperfect talent training mechanism, high cost of technological innovation, and insufficient sense of win-win cooperation among enterprises.

Contract selection for collaborative innovation in the new energy vehicle supply chain under the dual credit policy: Cost sharing and benefit sharing

The dual point policy is an important policy in the field of China's new energy vehicle industry, various factors such as point trading prices and technological innovation costs were included in the profit game model to explore the effects of cost contract model and revenue contract model on the optimal profit of new energy vehicle supply entities after collaborative decision-making. Research has found that the dual credit policy for China's new energy industry has a promoting effect on collaborative innovation among entities in the new energy vehicle supply chain; Compared with decentralized decision-making situations, the integration of cost sharing contracts or revenue sharing contracts can more effectively stimulate the innovation vitality of new energy battery suppliers and enhance their technological innovation level; Under the cost sharing contract and the benefit sharing contract, the optimal profit after collaborative decision-making between new energy vehicle manufacturers and new energy battery suppliers is greater than the optimal profit during decentralized decision-making, while the optimal profit of new energy vehicle supply chain entities under the benefit sharing contract is slightly higher than the optimal profit of new energy vehicle supply chain entities under the cost sharing contract.

Synergy between Electric Vehicle Manufacturers and Battery Recyclers through Technology and Innovation: A Game Theory Approach

Power battery recycling (PBR) has triggered profound changes in the industrial chain of electric vehicles (EVs). The PBR innovation network provides information channels and resource conditions for enterprises, but the mechanism of its impact on the synergistic innovation benefits and sustainable development ability of EV and PBR enterprises still needs further exploration. In this paper, we collect patent data for PBR from 2012 to 2020, identify the structural characteristics of innovation networks, and construct a synergy game model for PBR technology, aiming to analyze the synergistic effect of network embedding and knowledge spillover in PBR enterprises on technological innovation. First, we find that the PBR innovation network exhibits the small-world effect, which has a double-edged sword effect on technological cooperation innovation. Second, structural holes benefits of the main body of PBR technological innovation have a significant impact on cooperation innovation behavior. Third, the enhancement of the relevance and deep complementarity of knowledge cooperation is sufficient to make up for the input cost of PBR technological cooperation innovation, with additional benefits created by the increase in the output of structural holes. However, companies tend to be more inclined toward non-cooperative innovation as the knowledge spillover effect of the innovation network increases.

The process of budgeting the strategy of industrial complex transformation in the context of digitalisation

The article is devoted to topical issues of budget formation and optimization of industrial complexes transformation strategies in the digital economy. The study defines the content of the budgeting strategy of transformation as a system of financial, organizational and managerial procedures focused on the formation of a balanced multi-level budget strategy and the effective expenditure of its resources on measures to modernize the enterprise. The author proposes the process of budgeting the strategy for the transformation of the industrial complex, which is distinguished by the use of the program-target method and ensures the consistency of long-term goals and the financial policy of the enterprise. Further, the researcher substantiates the allocation of strategically significant expenses of production companies into a separate category of accounting and the formation of transformation strategy budgets based on them. The budget of the change strategy includes 6 types of costs: 1) reconstruction and modernization costs; 2) information and communication technology costs; 3) research and development costs; 4) technological innovation costs; 5) organizational innovation costs; 6) marketing innovation costs. The author determines the recommended amount and horizon of the strategy budget planning and also presents a 6-stage algorithm of methodical reception on the use of neural network modeling tools to optimize the budget of the strategy of changes in the industrial complex. It is possible to use the results of the study as a methodological basis for organizing the process of budgeting strategies of industrial complexes in the digital economy.

The Impact of Transport Infrastructure Investment on Energy Intensity: The Perspective of Fiscal Decentralization

Investment in China’s transport infrastructure has contributed to its rapid economic growth, which also consumes a great deal of energy and generates a significant amount of carbon emissions. In these circumstances, it is worthwhile to discuss the internal influence mechanisms behind these two outcomes’ similar growth trends. This paper selects panel data from 30 regions in China from 2009 to 2019 and uses the threshold spatial autoregressive (TSAR) model to analyze the impact of transport infrastructure investment on the energy intensity due to fiscal decentralization. While studies of the relationship between transport infrastructure investment and energy intensity exist, few studies examine the non-linear spatial relationship between the two. This paper fills this gap by using the TSAR Model. The results show the following: (1) the effect of transport infrastructure investment on the energy intensity under fiscal decentralization and heterogeneity expresses non-linear characteristic; (2) there is a positive relationship between infrastructure investment and energy intensity when the degree of attenuation is low, but when the degree of attenuation is higher than a particular threshold value, transport infrastructure investment negatively impacts energy intensity; (3) rising energy prices, increasing investment in technological innovation costs, and increasing foreign trade will help to drive the decline in energy intensity.

Environmental Regulation and High-Quality Development in China

This paper uses the data of 30 provincial regions in mainland China except Tibet from 2006 to 2018 to weighted measure the intensity of environmental regulation through the weight determined by the ranking of pollutant emission intensity year by year; Based on the three subsystems of economy, society and environment, this paper constructs a high-quality development measurement index system, and determines the weight year by year by entropy method, as well as measures the high-quality development level by weight; From the perspective of enterprise production decision, the influence of environmental regulation on high-quality development is theoretically deduced. Through the empirical test of two threshold models with environmental regulation intensity and per capita GDP as the threshold, it confirms each other, and empirically analyzes the impact of environmental regulation intensity on high-quality development level. The research results show that: The impact of environmental regulation intensity on high-quality development level, with the change of enterprises’ decision-making to deal with environmental regulation, has an obvious threshold effect. Before reaching the threshold, the increase of environmental regulation intensity has a negative impact on high-quality development; After reaching the threshold, the impact of the increase of environmental regulation intensity on high-quality development may have a short uncertain stage, followed by a positive impact. Government environmental regulation should be combined with the local stage to avoid the misunderstanding of blindly improving the intensity of environmental regulation; Government environmental regulation should focus on reducing the cost of cleaner production and technological innovation, and accelerate the formation of “forced“ innovation mechanism of environmental regulation, so as to give full play to the positive role of environmental regulation in promoting high-quality and high-development.

WITHDRAWN: The influence of employee pressure on the management cost of enterprise technological innovation using mental health education.

Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.

Impact of Technological Innovation, Research and Development on the Defense Economy - Iran Country

The Purpose. This research is to investigate the relationship between the variables of technological innovation, research and development costs, economic growth, sales and export of weapons and military costs in Iran for the years 2000 to 2017. Design/Methodology/Approach. In this study, we examine using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method to explore the estimating the impacts of technological innovation, research and development costs, economic growth, sales and export on military costs. Findings/Implications. The results of this study showed that the impact of technological innovation and research and development costs on military costs is negative in short-term and long-term. Although the effect that these two variables have on military spending in the short-term is very close, in long-term the effect that research and development costs have on military spending is far greater and more significant. Also, the impact of economic growth on Iran’s defense economy is much less than the variables of technological innovation and research and development costs. So that this effect will be less in long-term. But, the amount of arms sales and exports in the short-term has a positive effect on defense spending, but in long-term it becomes negative and increase in arms sales and exports can help Iran’s defense economy. Originality. The countries defense economy can always have positive effects on military and civilian research and development, scientific innovation and technological progress, in this condition that the country’s macroeconomics can spend military spending on research and development and support innovation and inventions. Eventually adopt arrangements that use the innovations of the defense industry in the civilian sector, which will lead to economic growth. This is the experience of many developed countries that have been able to use the technological advances and innovations of the military sector in the civilian sectors as well, and to cause the economic progress and development of their country.

ОЦЕНКА ДИНАМИКИ РАЗВИТИЯ ВНЕШНЕЙ СРЕДЫ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

The turbulence characteristic of the modern economy opens up new market "windows", the potential of which can be used by innovatively active agents. The development of the external environment determines the nature, stability, progress and type of trajectory of the functioning of industrial enterprises. When studying the external environment, it is important to study the trends that are emerging not only in the national economy as a whole, but also in its individual subsystems, taking into account the disproportionality of their development characteristic of Russia. The article proposes a quantitative assessment of the characteristics of the dynamics of development of the federal districts of the Russian Federation that are significant in the conditions of an innovative economy, based on an assessment of the rank correlation coefficients and variations of the volume of innovative products, the cost of technological innovation, and the innovative activity of organizations. An assessment of the tightness of the relationship between the cost of technological innovation and the volume of manufactured innovative products in the federal districts of the Russian Federation is carried out. The article identifies federal districts, the external environment of which is favorable for modernization and increasing the efficiency of enterprises, and districts in which the introduction of innovative trajectories in the development strategy of enterprises is difficult.

Development of а matrix of food industry capacity for making management decisions in the formation of sustainable development of agroecosystems

A theoretical and methodological study was carried out to determine the need and features of developing a matrix of food industry capacity for making management decisions in the formation of sustainable development of agroecosystems, which will increase the operational efficiency of companies and food security of the country. The paper uses the following research methods: historical – in the process of studying modern views on understanding the importance of the agricultural sector for the economy; system analysis – when building a model of innovative business improvement. Methods of comparison and analysis of trends – the study of trends in the agricultural sector of Ukraine with the identification of important areas for improving their activities. Methods of financial analysis – for the analytical assessment of financial and economic activities of the investigated enterprises; forecasting methods – to substantiate the expected results of implementing the author's proposals in management practice. It is proposed to take into account the significant difference in the technology of their processing and production (number of advanced technologies used per 100 thousand people). The paper reveals the dependence of production technologies in agriculture on natural and weather conditions (share of technological innovation costs, %). Criteria for innovation skills in the development of agricultural engineering were proposed. The criteria were determined, which were divided into development groups. The tools for constructing a matrix of food industry capacity were substantiated. Note that for each indicator, the optimal value was determined taking into account the sensitivity factor and the rating of enterprises, which determined their place in the matrix. In the course of the study and the matrix of innovative development, the proposed technology was tested at leading domestic enterprises

Evolutionary Game Research on the Impact of Environmental Regulation on Overcapacity in Coal Industry

Currently, the world is facing two significant challenges: low-carbon development and overcapacity. Government departments must reexamine their development strategy of energy industry. Implementing environmental regulatory policies and technological innovation can help alleviate coal industry’s overcapacity, while sustainable development requires joint actions of governments, enterprises, and the market. Based on the evolutionary game theory, this study constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model of local government, power industry, and coal enterprise. Under the premise of bounded rationality, the evolution path of each player in the game under the market incentive environmental regulation is analyzed, and the influence of the change of parameters of each player on the result is numerically simulated. The study found that strengthening environmental regulation by local governments is an inevitable choice to promote the transformation and upgrading of coal industry and power industry. In addition, reducing law enforcement costs and technological innovation costs are the fundamental point of the coordinated development of the three parties. Technological innovation in the power industry will reduce the probability of coal companies’ choosing clean production strategies, while seeking low-cost clean production technology and financial support is the key to coal companies’ optimization of production capacity.

Air and space vehicle production: indicators of innovative activity

We analyze the problems of increasing the innovative activity of air and space vehicle manufacturing enterprises in Russia by the year 2021 and consider indicators reflecting the innovative activity of organizations, such as the implementation of innovations, the proportion of organizations engaged in technological innovation, cost of technological innovation by the source of funds, the dynamics of the innovative production output. Besides, correlation analysis of the relationship between the main indicators of innovation activity and the intensity of expenditures on technological innovations has been performed to identify dependencies describing air and space vehicle production’s distinctive features.

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ КОНЦЕПЦИИ РЕФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ НАУЧНО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ В ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ

Despite the fact that Russia remained among the ten leading countries by the share of costs for technological innovations in the total volume of delivered products, the gap in the level of innovation performance remained serious. In terms of the specific weight of technological innovation costs in the total volume of the delivered goods, performed works and rendered services (2,1%), Russia in 2018 ranked 9 th among European countries. In terms of its share of the research and development costs in the total cost of technological innovations (45,2%) – 14th place and in terms of the specific weight of the innovative goods, works, services in the total volume of goods delivered, works performed, services rendered (6,5%) – 24th place out of 30. An analysis of the foreign and Russian experience of the innovation organization showed that in order to multiply the share of innovative industrial products in the total production, it was necessary to create such a system of organization and management of scientific and tech- nological development, which, unlike current practice and by analogy with the key principle of modern concepts of the production organization – the principle of “pulling” – would be able to form a real paid demand for applied R & D and subsequently for basic research. At the same time, in addition to the existing stream of ideas from academic science to production, it is necessary to organize a back-stream of demand – from the factory science, which is at the forefront of understanding the current needs of industry – to the applied one and then to academic science within the range of issues really essential for production.

Differentiation of Innovative Development Strategies of Regions for Improving the Effectiveness of Socio-Economic Policy in the Russian Federation

The study aims to develop a differentiate d approac h t o th e elaboratio n o f innovativ e developmen t strategie s o f Russian regions, which allows an effective implementation of innovative paradigms, considering the specificity of scientific and technical, innovative, and production and technological potential of regions. The analysis of international experience of innovative development illustrates the need to consider regional features when creating innovative strategies. We examined the dynamics of the innovative potential of Russian regions over the past decade. We hypothesise that an effective targeted innovative strategy of a region should be closely related to its socio-economic strategy, relying on the most relevant scientific, technological, and educational potential. We identified 4 main criteria for differentiating innovative strategies. These criteria application increases the effectiveness of innovation policies. These factors include the relationship of regional innovative strategies with relevant socio- economic strategies, the innovation and technological specialisation of the regions, regional needs for innovative transformations for the future, and forms of innovation activity. A comparative analysis of innovation and production capabilities and needs of Russian regions showed significant differences in the number of people employed in research and development, technological innovation costs, manufacturing output and other indicators. Based on the analysis, we identified top 15 regions, which are the most innovation-ready. The study used comparative analysis methods, economic and statistical methods, and forecasting methods. We proposed an algorithm for using a differentiated approach for strategizing regional innovative development. Finally, we concluded that a differentiated approach to the development and implementation of innovative development strategies allows improving the efficiency and targeting of state innovation policy through more efficient use of available resources and opportunities to strengthen the sustainability of regional communities. The article is intended for experts in the field of theory and practise of managing the innovative development of regions.

Barriers to technological innovations of SMEs: how to solve them?

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the inhibiting factors of small and medium enterprises (SMEs’) technology innovation, supporting institutions for SMEs technology innovation development, SMEs’ technology innovation development model and strategies for developing SMEs in technology innovation.Design/methodology/approachThis is a mixed-method research project conducted through a survey of SMEs in Riau Province, Sumatera Indonesia (primarily in the districts of Siak, Kampar and Pelalawan) from April to July 2019. SMEs that have been operating for at least five years were chosen purposively as samples. Based on the requirement, there are 277 entities used in this study. A focus group discussion (FGD) was also conducted to formulate SME models and development strategies in technological innovation. In addition, in-depth interviews and observations were also carried out on technological innovations undertaken by respondents.FindingsIt was found that there are five inhibiting factors of SMEs’ technology innovation: government support, quality of human resources, funding of technological innovation, economic conditions and business partners. The biggest inhibiting factor remains to be the funding of technological innovation. Therefore SMEs provide independent technological innovation costs to develop technological innovations for business sustainability. Supporting institutions for developing SME technology innovation consist of government institutions, private institutions, financial institutions (banks) and nonbank financial institutions. To survive and excel amid competition, SMEs need to pay attention to technological innovation. The business strategy that needs to be done is to improve services to consumers and improve their attitude toward innovation in the implementation and development of SMEs’ businesses.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is limited to research on the inhibiting factors for SME technology innovation from the aspect of the production sector. This research has not studied various business fields in the trade, service and digital SME sectors. Future studies can reveal factors inhibiting SME technological innovation, except production aspects and various SME business fields. In addition, this study has not analyzed the cost of technological innovation provided by SMEs. Therefore, future studies could also reveal the large costs of technological innovation provided by SMEs.Originality/valueThis research investigates barriers hindering the SMEs’ technological innovations in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia as a maritime country. It also formulates strategies to reduce the barriers to SME’s technological innovation and contributes to the development of knowledge of technological innovations in SMEs. Moreover, this paper involves investigating government support from a nonfinancial aspect. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this aspect has not been much discussed by studies on innovation at SMEs till now.

Conversion of Dual-Use Technology: A Differential Game Analysis under the Civil-Military Integration

Civil-military integration enables the symmetry development of dual-use technologies in the defense and civilian areas. In this paper, we used stochastic differential game theory to build theoretical models of the dual-use technology conversion between a military firm and a civilian firm. The models include three directions of dual-use technology conversion, namely, spin-off, spin-in, and mix. In particular, we incorporate the dynamic development of dual-use technology into the research framework. Our results show that the order of the Pareto optimality results is mix, spin-in, spin-out, including the best effort, the highest revenue, and the most technology value-added. The results also indicate that: (1) Some random interference factors can affect the transfer efforts, such as the coefficient of technological innovation capability and cost coefficients. (2) The military subsidies factor is an inventive mechanism that can promote dual-use transfer from the civilian firm to the military. (3) The military enterprise only earns more than the civilian firm in spin-in. (4) The growth of models in the dual-use technology conversion process faces increased technology uncertainty.

Study on Creativity Motivation Analysis of SMEs under the New Normal Background Based on Government, Corporation and Employees Evolutionary Game and Simulation Analysis

Under the new normal background, the technological innovation capability of technological-based enterprises has developed into an important force to promote a country or region economy development. This paper constructs the three-party evolutionary game model including government, SEM and employee, analyzes the key factors that influence the innovational strategic choices of three parties in in the game under different conditions, and simulate this kind of strategic choice through the use of simulation algorithm. The results make it clear that there exists difference between corporation and employee influenced by the willingness of government, and the corporation is more sensitive to the penalty and financial support from government; The cost of technological innovation is a key barrier for corporation and employee to do innovation.

Efficiency Evaluation of Functioning of Socio-Economic Systems Based on Production Functions: New Approach

The aim of the article is to substantiate the possibility of using the performance indicator designed according to the author’s methodology along with other indicators characterizing functioning of socio-economic systems. The performance indicator is defined as the ratio of normalized and standardized actual results to expected values which are calculated by the model of the relationship of effective signs and state and impact factors. The model is a production function, whose parameters can be defined by factor analysis of dependencies. To substantiate the presented indicator the author carries out a comparative analysis of its statistical dependence with the indicators of technical efficiency calculated using the stochastic boundary method. The paper considers 12 different variants which differ in the type of distributing the random component, which characterizes the inefficiency of the system; methods of calculating technical efficiency, as well as the presentation of data (pooled and panel data). As a basic model, the power multiplicative model in the form of Cobb-Douglas is used, which includes the volume of gross regional product, the cost of fixed assets, the average annual number of employees in economy and the cost of technological innovation taking into account inflation. The information base of the research is data on regions of the Central Federal district for 2007–2016. For the considered variants the relationships between the proposed performance indicator and other indicators considered were statistically significant, which gives reason to use it as a private indicator for analyzing functioning of socio-economic systems. The performance indicator can be used as a tool to analyze and compare functioning of socio-economic systems operating in different conditions.

Economic Security of the Region: Evaluation and Security Mechanisms

Modern globalization processes cause the emergence of new threats to society, and necessitate the development of innovative mechanisms to overcome them in order to improve the level of security at various levels of management. The objective of this study is to test the methodology for assessing the level of security of the economic system of the region (based on the use of an integral indicator), as well as the definition of mechanisms for its provision at the meso-level. The structure of this indicator includes aspects of the impact on the stability of the system of the following factors (market, non-market and social ones), based on the system of indicators (the number of employed population, the cost of technological innovation per capita, investment in fixed capital, etc.). The calculation of summary indicators is given on the example of one of the subjects of the Russian Federation (Volgograd region), which allowed to determine negative changes in the level of economic security in the region (significant technological backwardness, consistent depletion of natural resources, growth of budget commitments, etc.). Due to the comprehensive assessment, a list of factors that cause this condition has been identified with the aim of further targeted impact from public authorities to overcome the negative trends in the economic system of the region and (or) leveling their consequences. The development of mechanisms to ensure the economic security of the region, based on the above-mentioned method of integrated assessment, allows not only to fully assess the state of the regional economy, but also to identify the potential to strengthen the position of the entity of the country both at the national and international arena.

Study on the Green Management Problems of the Chaidamu Circular Economy Experimental Zone’s Enterprises and Its Countermeasures

Since the reform and opening up, China's secondary industry has accelerated its development. The emergence of high energy consumption will inevitably lead to high pollution and high emissions, which will endanger China's ecological environment. For enterprises in the Chaidamu circular economy pilot zone, industrial development relying on resource enrichment in the experimental area is one of the main paths for rapid expansion, which makes the ecological environment of the experimental area more sensitive and the ecosystem more vulnerable. Nowadays, the ecological environment of the test area has been unable to withstand such rapid environmental degradation. How to solve the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection, achieve rapid and good development is a prominent problem facing the development of enterprises in the experimental area. Green management of enterprises is the best choice to solve this problem. This paper first introduces the general situation of Golmud, Delingha, Wulan and Dachaidan circular economy industrial park enterprises, and analyzes the main problems of green management in the experimental area. The employees have weak green awareness, low input cost of scientific and technological innovation, and follow-up treatment of waste. Incomplete and low ecological risk identification, it proposes to strengthen the talents of circular economy, enhance the management of technological innovation, accelerate the construction of enterprise ring system and enhance employees' ecological risk awareness