Technological Innovation Capacity Research Articles

Research on the Impact of Innovative City Construction on Financial Development: Evidence from China

Science and technology innovation is the new driving force of urban development, and it is an important vehicle to promote financial development. Innovative city attaches importance to the driving role of science and technology innovation capacity on industry development in the construction process, which will drive the development of the city’s financial industry. This article takes China’s innovative city pilot policy as a quasinatural experiment and uses the panel data of 235 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2017 to construct a difference-in-differences model (DID) to investigate the net effect and mechanism of the policy implementation on the financial development level of pilot cities. The results show the following: (1) the construction of innovative cities has significantly improved the financial development level of pilot cities, and the conclusion is still valid through the robustness test; (2) the financial development level promotion effect of innovative city construction has regional heterogeneity, and the financial development level promotion effect of central cities is more significant; (3) the construction of innovative cities can improve the financial development level of pilot cities by improving the intermediary effect of scientific and technological talents gathering and industrial structure upgrading.

Technology convergence on automotive lightweight materials: evidence from South Korea

ABSTRACT Recent materials play a significant role in the acquisition of technological innovation capacity for new products, and with technological complexity gradually increasing, it is necessary to integrate technological knowledge such as technology convergence to interpret technological innovation. In this context, accurately understanding technology convergence of materials and predicting promising technology convergence is essential to securing continued national and corporate competitiveness. Therefore, this study investigated technology convergence in the material field focused on automotive lightweight materials. The data were extracted from the Korean Intellectual Property Office, to which the methodologies of technology convergence ratio, similarity measures, and network analysis were applied. Our findings are as follows: (1) the proportion of patents containing technology convergence increases over time, and the convergence between technology fields in mechanical engineering is more active than between technology fields in chemistry; (2) convergence between a few core technologies within the network is weakening, and a new and strengthening pattern of technology convergence can be confirmed; (3) the network is more complex and the convergence of different areas of technology is increasing. These results enable an accurate understanding of the present and future of technology convergence and support government initiatives.

Measurement of Tobacco Enterprise Technological Innovation Capacity and Synergetic Development Mechanism Based on DEA Model

Adherence to new development concept, integration of integrity and innovation, and improvement of enterprise technological innovation capacity are the essence of new economic development in China. Tobacco economy is an important part of national economy, whose development is facing the internal and external pressure of development. Therefore, the enterprises above the designated scale in Shandong Province from 2011 to 2019 are selected as the holistic research sample to measure the R&D input-output index by DEA nonparametric method. It is found that (1) the technological innovation capacity of enterprises has been greatly improved but not reached the leading edge level; (2) the efficiency of technological innovation of enterprises has changed in the form of V; (3) the redundancy of full-time personnel equivalents exists and the technological efficiency and scale benefit do not meet the development expectation. The study indicates that the Chinese government should treat the development of tobacco economy carefully, adopt multiple measures of regulation and control, construct a healthy and synergetic development mechanism with the participation of innovation subjects, and realize the agglomeration and optimization of innovation factors, so as to make the development of tobacco enterprises meet the economic needs of China in the new era.

DEA Comprehensive Evaluation on Enterprise’s Technology Innovation Capacity

As evaluation factors of enterprise technology innovation capacity are very complicated, evaluation methods commonly used do not consider interrelationships between every capacity element, which results in subjectivity of evaluation results. Because non-parametric methods can be used to deal with evaluation problems with many input and output, this thesis proposes DEA evaluation idea and establish DEA evaluation module. Through practical case study, optimum value analysis of sample enterprise, returns to scale analysis and projection analysis, relatively efficient enterprises are identified and adjustment proposals are put forth for inefficient enterprises. Case study shows that: DEA evaluation method is an efficient method to evaluate enterprise technology innovation capacity.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN WASTE MANAGEMENT: A REFERENCE TO ADDRESS A FUTURE CHALLENGE

This article analyzes the set of existing patents in the field of Waste Management. The extraction of the data and its exploitation allow the authors to lay the foundations for the development of a well-founded exploratory analysis of the sector's capacity to address the immediate and future challenges it faces, considering that these challenges are binding on today's society as a whole and committing the societies that will succeed us in the future. Our basic aim is to offer a general view regarding the type of assignees, differences regarding the technological fields across regions of the world, and some quality indicators of patents and its antecedent factors. A sector's capacity for technological innovation and development can be partially measured by considering its muscle and interest in protecting its intellectual property. Since this is a sector with a high social impact and a high degree of regulation imposed by public agents, the innovative work in the field should be aligned with the framework defined by those. In spite of these conditions, our empirical study show the extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the activity of patenting in waste management. Also, we conclude that there are clear differences in patenting which respond to the different needs and circumstances that regions face regarding Waste Management. Keywords: Waste Management, Patents, DOCDB Patent Families, Recycling, Energy from Waste, Composting, Landfilling, Incineration, Europe

Relationship between market and institutional networks and technological innovation: an analysis of peruvian manufacturing firms

Firms strive to develop technological innovations. This study focuses on two main objectives: to identify the relationship between market and institutional networks and technological innovation; and to analyze the relationship between the obstacles that firms assess when developing innovations. The literature shows that there has been little interest in researching innovation in emerging economies, in which there is a greater presence of low-technology intensity firms that also develop technological innovations. Using data from 705 Peruvian manufacturing firms, a partial structural equation model was applied. The results showed that when firms are linked to networks, their capacity for technological innovation improves.

The driving process of technological innovation in construction: a firm-level CDM analysis

PurposeInnovation has been acknowledged as the key for modern industries. However, the construction industry is criticised for being poor in innovation performance compared to other industry sectors. Large construction firms are the main contributor to technological innovation in the construction industry, but the driving process of their technological innovation has not yet been fully investigated in previous studies. The purpose of this paper is to provide quantitative analysis of the technological innovation driving process of large construction firms.Design/methodology/approachAn extended crépon, duguet and mairesse (CDM) model has been developed to analyse the key influencing factors for technological innovation in construction firms. The sample data are selected from the world’s largest construction market, China, and include 129 listed construction firms.FindingsThe results show significant positive correlation between R&D investment and innovation output and also between innovation output and performance. The effect of influencing factors on the R&D investment, innovation output and performance are also revealed by the empirical study. The underlying reasons are discussed and suggestions are given for the construction industry to improve the technological innovation capacity of construction firms.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the literature of construction innovation and benefits practitioners by providing a quantitative approach to demonstrate the driving process of innovation in construction firms.

Green technology innovation efficiency of energy-intensive industries in China from the perspective of shared resources: Dynamic change and improvement path

Energy-intensive industries are high-energy-consumption and high-pollution industries, and their green technology innovation efficiency deserves in-depth investigation. This paper explores the efficiency of green technology innovation and its combinatorial improvement path in energy-intensive industries from 2005-2015 with a two-stage data envelopment analysis model based on shared and additional input resources and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The results indicate that (1) the overall efficiency of green technology innovation in energy-intensive industries as a whole showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2005 to 2015, benefiting from the improvement of technology R&D efficiency and achievement conversion efficiency; (2) there is high industry heterogeneity in the green technology innovation capacity of energy-intensive industries, and the difference in the average efficiency in green technology innovation between the industries with the strongest innovation strength and that with the weakest is as high as 0.615; (3) small-scale enterprises’ strategies should be based on foreign scientific research support or environmental regulations, supplemented by a small amount of industry-university-research cooperation. Large-scale enterprises’ strategies should be based on foreign scientific research support and industry-university-research cooperation, supplemented by appropriate environmental regulations and government investment. This study provides a reference for the formulation of green technology innovation development strategies for energy-intensive industries.

Research Trends and Correlation Analysis of Technological Innovation and Absorptive Capacity

The purpose of this study is to identify the research trend of innovation capacity and technological innovation that are recently required in companies. This was done by collecting and analyzing dissertation abstracts from Springer and Scopus, which are websites with a collection of dissertations. For the research method, this study used NetMiner 4 and R program for text data analysis amongst unstructured data analysis, and analysis methods like keyword network analysis, LDA, and TreeMap were applied. The analysis results showed that there is a difference in the importance of technological innovation and absorptive capacity of Springer and Scopus

Digital Twin and Medical Devices: Technological Significance of Convergent Inventions

ABSTRACT Technological change may impose turmoil on established markets and industries. Digital technology convergence processes are a subject of uncertainty from the industry and business perspective. Using the absorptive capacity as a facilitator of technological innovation capacity, the study aims to shed new light on the understanding of digital and medical technologies’ convergence. In this study, Medical Devices (MD) and Digital Twin (DT) – a virtual representation of physical objects – are used to illustrate technological significance of convergent MD-DT inventions. The study aims to analyze whether invention convergence is a valid predictor of technological significance as well as whether this relationship is moderated by the mode of invention development, i.e. collaboration (multiple applicants) vs non-collaboration (single applicant) pattern. This research is based on a statistical analysis of output-based measures – more than 44.5 thousand patent data records acquired from four patent offices (USPTO in USA, EPO in Europe, JPO in Japan and CNIPA in China). Quantitative patent data analysis reveals that the blend of MD–DT technologies is remarkably more technologically significant compared to non-convergent inventions. Overall results of the research suggest possible future directions for information technology arena.

A quantitative investigation of the technological innovation in large construction companies

The construction industry is considered as backwards and lack of innovation. The main driving power of technological innovation in the construction industry is large construction companies. However, the driving process of technological innovation in them has not been fully investigated in previous studies. This study constructs a quantitative model to explore the technological innovation driving process of large construction companies considering the key influencing factors for technological innovation. The sample data are the 57 large construction companies selected from the world's largest construction market – China. The results show significant positive correlation between innovation input and innovation output, and between innovation output and performance. The operational capacity of the companies is positively correlated with innovation input, whilst the capital structure is negatively correlated with innovation input. The technical employees have a positive impact on the performance. The underlying reasons are discussed and suggestions are given for the construction industry to improve the technological innovation capacity of construction companies. This research contributes to the literature of construction innovation and benefits practitioners by providing a quantitative approach to demonstrate the driving power of large construction companies for technological innovation.

Evaluation of Hebei province’s science and technology innovation capability from the perspective of innovation ecosystem

Based on the perspective of the innovation ecosystem, a scientific and technological innovation capability evaluation index system can be built from three aspects: the technological innovation community, the technological innovation environment, and the technological innovation potential. The factor analysis method is used to dynamically evaluate the scientific and technological innovation capacity of Hebei Province, and it is found that the environment of Hebei Province for scientific and technological innovation is not ideal, weakness of individual strength, and imperfection of the industrial structure. However, its technological innovation as a whole is on the rise in 2011-2018. Based on the shortcomings of Hebei Province’s scientific and technological innovation, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from a systematic perspective to improve Hebei’s scientific and technological innovation capabilities.

Optimization of STP Innovation Management Mechanisms Driven by Advanced Evolutionary IoT Arithmetic.

Since industrialization, manufacturing has been an important pillar of a country's economic development. Under the dual pressure of the new trend of global manufacturing development and the loss of competitive advantage of manufacturing industry, it is especially important to accelerate the enhancement of national high technology innovation capacity and the optimization of high technology policy innovation management mechanism driven by advanced evolutionary Internet of Things (IoT) arithmetic. The main of this paper thus introduces the effective method of optimization of high technology policy innovation management mechanism driven by advanced evolutionary IoT arithmetic. To study the optimization of high technology policy innovation management mechanism, a conceptual analysis of currently popular information technologies, such as big data technologies, artificial intelligence technologies, and Internet of Things technologies, and an overview of the application of these technologies in microgrids are given. In the paper, all factors are studied using the STP innovation management mechanism-based approach, and finally, all factors are classified into two categories of cause and effect factors by this approach, and the importance of all factors is ranked. Secondly, a wind power prediction algorithm based on data mining technology and an improved algorithm and a PV power prediction algorithm based on a deep neural network were established with the technical support of high-tech information technology such as big data and artificial intelligence. Finally, the majorization of high technology policy innovation management mechanism driven by advanced evolutionary IoT arithmetic is proposed.

Temporospatial pattern of carbon emission efficiency of China’s energy-intensive industries and its policy implications

Energy-intensive industries are the primary sectors of energy and resources consumption and carbon emissions. Exploring the temporospatial pattern and influencing factors of carbon emission efficiency (CEE) of energy-intensive industries helps discover the contribution of energy-intensive industries to regional carbon emissions and formulate different regional low-carbon industry development strategies. Through three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model, the CEE of energy-intensive industries of China was estimated from provincial level, and the temporospatial distribution and influencing factors of CEE were analyzed by spatial autocorrelation analysis and Tobit model. The results showed that CEE of energy-intensive industries decreased from 0.649 to 0.587 during 2005–2017 with a decreasing rate of 9.60% annually, while the carbon emissions increased from 0.80 to 1.31 billion tonnes during 2005–2017. CEE of energy-intensive industries in China has obvious spatial heterogeneity and spatial agglomeration. CEE of the eastern provinces is relatively higher, while that of the western regions is lower. It showed that the scale efficiency (SE) of energy-intensive industries is close to the optimal frontier, while the pure technical efficiency (PTE) of energy-intensive industries should be improved in the future. Change of CEE of China’s provinces may fall into five categories: high-high-high, low-high-high, low-low-high, low-low-low, and low-high-low. Industry scale (IS) and research and development (R&D) are promoting factors for the CEE of energy-intensive industries, while energy intensity (EI), capital formation rate (CF) and water intensity (WI) are negative factors. To improve CEE and promote cleaner production of energy-intensive industries, the technological innovation capacity should be further improved, energy structure should be adjusted, energy and water consumption should be restrained and the open economic system should be further promoted in central and western China in the future, which help to realize the dislocation, coordination, and high-quality development of energy-intensive industries among China’s provinces.

The New Progressivism and its implications for institutional theories of development

AbstractContextA growing body of literature argues that the world is better off now than it ever has been and that things will only get better. This trend, long identified in advanced economies, has more recently manifest in low‐ and middle‐income countries and is attributed to the rapid diffusion of technological innovation through global trade, investment, communications, research and educational networks.PurposeWe label this literature “New Progressivism”, mapping its main claims and examining its limitations. New Progressivists pay insufficient attention to the interaction between technological innovation and institutional capacity. More specifically, we show that the New Progressivists fail to explain existing patterns of stagnation and regression, and suggest a modified approach.Approach and MethodsAccounting for the significance of institutional pre‐ and co‐requisites in facilitating the uptake of innovation, we analyze the different interactions between technological innovations and institutional capacities. We then provide illustrative examples of these relationships drawn from the areas of health, education, and financial development.FindingsTechnological innovation has vastly improved human well‐being in many countries in recent decades, but understanding why innovation had been adopted in some jurisdictions but not others and why it has not always proven beneficial if adopted requires an account of jurisdiction‐specific institutional landscapes.Policy ImplicationsIn many contexts technological innovations will not achieve their full potential without attention being paid to their institutional pre‐ or co‐requisites. Technological innovation, by itself, provides no easy escape from the often admittedly daunting challenge of reforming dysfunctional institutions in low‐ and middle‐income countries.

A Study on the Technology Diffusion of China’s Solar Photovoltaic Based on Bass and Generalized Bass Model

China’s solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation has been developing rapidly and is in a priority position in the national energy strategy. In order to effectively coordinate the development scale, speed of solar PV and economic development, the Chinese government has constantly issued various solar PV development plans. However, as a new renewable energy generation technology, solar PV is still making technological innovation to achieve technological breakthroughs. In addition, external factors, such as resource potential and power grid consumption capacity, will influence its development. It is very important to explore the development path of solar PV in China and analyze the action mechanism of each influencing factor on the development path of solar PV. Based on the technology diffusion model, this study analyzes and predicts the technology diffusion trend of solar PV generation in China. The research finds: that 1) cost is still a big obstacle facing the large-scale development of PV generation at present; that 2) national economic operation, policy incentive intensity and other factors have limited influence on the development of solar PV generation; that 3) technological innovation and power grid absorption capacity are key factors affecting the development path of solar PV.

Evolution characteristics of total factor productivity of industrial enterprises in Fujian Province

The DEA-based Malmquist index method was used to measure the total factor productivity of the industrial sector of Fujian Province and the industrial enterprises under four forms of ownership from 2004 to 2016. The research conclusions are as follows: First, the total factor productivity of the industrial sector of Fujian Province improves year by year, with an average growth rate of 8.9%. Technical progress is the only driving force for the improvement of total factor productivity. The technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency remain unchanged; second, from the perspective of ownership, the total factor productivity of collective enterprises grows fastest, reaching 11.3%, followed by private enterprises (10.3%), foreign-invested enterprises (7.9%), HKMT enterprises (7.5%). Technical progress is also the only driving force. Therefore, the Fujian Provincial Government should increase investment, and support industrial enterprises to enhance the capacity for technological innovation, the conversion rate of technological achievements and the efficiency of resource allocation.

The comparative study of China's mega‐city regions: A perspective of competitiveness

AbstractMega‐city regions (MCRs) have emerged as the main spatial form of China's new urbanization strategy and become the basic spatial units participating in global and regional competition. However, MCRs are not equally capable of boosting regional economic development due to their different levels of development. Therefore, this paper adopts the concept of competitiveness as both a theoretical framework and an empirical model to evaluate the development status of China's MCRs. Based on a review of the existing literature, this paper proposes a multi‐tier evaluation system to calculate the competitiveness of 13 MCRs. The chosen indicators come from the six perspectives of economic development, human resources, infrastructural accessibility, integration into the global economy, capacity for scientific and technological innovation, and sustainable development. The results show that there are great disparities and regional inequalities in competitiveness across different MCRs. The Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Beijing–Tianjin–Tangshan MCRs are the first‐tier MCRs with the highest levels of development and have significant global influence as well. Chengdu–Chongqing, Shandong Peninsula, South‐central Liaoning, and Wuhan belong to the second‐tier of MCRs that show partial advantages and have significant regional influence. The remaining regions belong to the third‐ or fourth‐tier of MCRs that have relatively weak competitiveness. The competitiveness of MCRs largely depends on the concentration of core elements in core cities.

Spatial heterogeneity of factors influencing transportation CO2 emissions in Chinese cities: based on geographically weighted regression model

Based on the 2015 transportation CO2 emissions and economic and social data for the 286 cities in China, exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) method and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of transportation CO2 emissions and their influencing factors. The results showed that the CO2 emissions from urban transportation in China featured significant spatial agglomeration. The high emission areas were mainly concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Chengdu, Nanjing, and other regional core cities, while the low emission areas were mainly concentrated in the cities of Gansu, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other underdeveloped provinces. Considering the overall evolution of the factors affecting transportation CO2 emissions, private car ownership, technological innovation, and industrial structure correlated positively with transportation CO2 emissions. Population density, urbanization rate, per capita urban road area, and transportation structure could significantly inhibit transportation CO2 emissions. The impact of per capita GDP, public transportation, and environmental regulation on transportation CO2 emissions was insignificant. From the perspective of spatial heterogeneity, there were significant regional differences in the impact of various factors on CO2 emissions. Private car ownership, technological innovation capacity, and per capita GDP all had a positive impact on transportation CO2 emissions. Urbanization rate, urban road area per capita, and transportation structure all had a negative impact on transportation CO2 emissions. Population density, industrial structure, public transportation, and environmental regulation all had a two-way impact on transportation CO2 emissions in different cities.

Using Fuzzy Approach to Model Skill Shortage in Vietnam’s Labor Market in the Context of Industry 4.0

Human resource development is one of the main issues in the socio-economic development strategy and the transform of any regions in the context of the Industry 4.0. However, Vietnamese human resources have been poorly evaluated in the areas of quality, lack of dynamism, and creativity. Therefore, this paper presents fuzzy logic approach to ranking seven skills shortage in Vietnam’s Labor Market, namely lifelong learning, adaptive capacity, information technology capacity, creativity and innovation capacity, problem-solving capacity, foreign language competency, and organizing and managing competency. The result results shown that the problem solving skill is the largest gap between an enterprise’s requirements and the actual response of employees.