Technical Facility Research Articles

Quality of El-Menshawy General Hospital Infrastructure among Nursing Staff

Background: According to the World Health Organization, every citizen of the world has the right to healthy and safe work; a right to a work environment that enables him or her to live a socially and economically productive life. The hospital infrastructure is the total of all physical, technical and organizational components or assets that are prerequisites for the delivery of health care services. Aim of the study: Assess quality of El-Menshawy General Hospital infrastructure among nursing staff. Research design: Descriptive research design was used in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at El- Menshawy General Hospital departments. Subject: All (530) available nursing staff at the time of data collection .Tools: Tool 1: Nursing staff perception regarding quality of El Menshawy General Hospital infrastructure questionnaire, Tool П:Quality of El-Menshawy General Hospital infrastructure observational checklist. Results: According to them the majority of Nursing staff showed high level of perception regarding neonatal intensive care unit. Also, above fifty percent of nursing staff showed high level of perception regarding emergency room infrastructure, intensive care unit, the facilities and its management, operative room infrastructure, dialysis infrastructure, respectively . According to researcher observation the actual level of quality is high in information technology , neonatal intensive care unit and dialysis infrastructure. Moderate level of quality in technical medical equipment, operative room and facility and its management. While low level of quality in supply facility system. Conclusion: There was significant positive correlation between facility and its management and information technology . Also there was significant positive correlation between disposal system and outreach services. Recommendations: Activation of hospital committee role ( quality committee, health and occupational safety committee, infection control committee and continuous training committee), Provide continuous training program for all nursing staff that improve their performance , increase their knowledge and skills , and motivate them to perform quality patient care.

Quality of El-Menshawy General Hospital Infrastructure among Nursing Staff

Background: According to the World Health Organization, every citizen of the world has the right to healthy and safe work; a right to a work environment that enables him or her to live a socially and economically productive life. The hospital infrastructure is the total of all physical, technical and organizational components or assets that are prerequisites for the delivery of health care services. Aim of the study: Assess quality of El-Menshawy General Hospital infrastructure among nursing staff. Research design: Descriptive research design was used in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at El- Menshawy General Hospital departments. Subject: All (530) available nursing staff at the time of data collection .Tools: Tool 1: Nursing staff perception regarding quality of El Menshawy General Hospital infrastructure questionnaire, Tool П:Quality of El-Menshawy General Hospital infrastructure observational checklist. Results: According to them the majority of Nursing staff showed high level of perception regarding neonatal intensive care unit. Also, above fifty percent of nursing staff showed high level of perception regarding emergency room infrastructure, intensive care unit, the facilities and its management, operative room infrastructure, dialysis infrastructure, respectively . According to researcher observation the actual level of quality is high in information technology , neonatal intensive care unit and dialysis infrastructure. Moderate level of quality in technical medical equipment, operative room and facility and its management. While low level of quality in supply facility system. Conclusion: There was significant positive correlation between facility and its management and information technology . Also there was significant positive correlation between disposal system and outreach services. Recommendations: Activation of hospital committee role ( quality committee, health and occupational safety committee, infection control committee and continuous training committee), Provide continuous training program for all nursing staff that improve their performance , increase their knowledge and skills , and motivate them to perform quality patient care.

Environmental Sustainable Waste Management for a City Multi-Floor Manufacturing Cluster

Abstract A multi-floor manufacturing in residential districts of huge city promotes decongestion of urban traffic and satisfy the population’s demand for essential goods. City manufacturing and its supply chain entail several challenges related to the sustainable development of a large agglomeration. Environmental problems impose significant constraints on such manufacturing activities and production waste in the urban environment poses a real problem that needs to be addressed by special research. This paper discusses integrated sustainable production waste management for a city multi-floor manufacturing cluster, consisting of a group of production buildings and a supporting logistics node. In line with the theory of integrated sustainable waste management, three key components are addressed: waste management stakeholders, components of the waste management system, and the technical, environmental and legal aspects of a city multi-floor manufacturing cluster. The goal of the paper is to develop a concept for a model of environmental sustainable waste management in a city multi-floor manufacturing cluster, aimed at ensuring the system safety: human - technical facility - environment. This model can serve as a basis for the development of appropriate logistics chains for production waste management considering their hazardousness indicator. The versatility of the model will allow it to be widely used, and when its stages and working principles are embedded in the practice of city multi-floor manufacturing, proper control over the waste management process can be achieved. The application of the proposed model of integrated sustainable production waste management in the practice of the city multi-floor manufacturing clusters will contribute to the environmental sustainability of its operation.

Construction and application of service quality evaluation system in the preclinical research on cardiovascular implant devices

BackgroundServices for the preclinical development and evaluation of cardiovascular implant devices (CVIDs) is a new industry. However, there is still no indicator system for quality evaluation. Our aim is to construct a service for quality evaluation system for the preclinical research and development of CVIDs based on Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP).MethodsFirst, we reviewed the related literature to identify and select possible factors. Second, we developed an analytic hierarchy process framework. Third, we developed a questionnaire based on pairwise comparisons and invited 10 experienced specialists to rate these factors. We then used FAHP to compute the weights of these factors and prioritize them. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed indicator system, a case study was performed as a practical example.ResultsFour main indicators (professionalism, functionality, stability and security) and 15 subindicators were selected to form the service evaluation system based on literature review and expert’s proposals. According to the weight calculation data, the order of primary indicators by importance, is professionalism (0.6457), security (0.1193), functionality (0.0958) and stability (0.0596) in sequence. Top five secondary indices are personnel’s technical ability, facility and equipment attractiveness, data auditability, confidentiality capability and professional service procedures. In the case study, FW’s final actual effectiveness value was 0.9076, which is the same as the actual situation.ConclusionThe indicator system established in this study is comprehensive, reasonable, reliable and with strong practicality. It is worth popularizing and applying. The implementation of this evaluation system can provide measurable evidence for service demander and a way to improve service quality for suppliers.

Risk assessment in municipal wastewater treatment plant

Each technical facility is exposed to a risk that will hinder or prevent its proper functioning. Risk assessment is a component of the risk management process in municipal wastewater treatment plants, the purpose of which is to reduce the occurrence of events as well as their resulting effects, which adversely affect the operation of the treatment plant. The authors, having based their work on the identification of risk-related phenomena, estimated the value of risk and determined its acceptability. The result of the work was to obtain a risk matrix – in other words, a risk map with a designated hierarchy. This could then be used as a basis to determine the level of risk that an event triggered. This allows for faster response to risky situations and an optimal selection of remedies.

A Systematic Review of Instruments Measuring Family and Social Support of Breastfeeding Mothers

Background: Due to low rate of breastfeeding among working mothers and of interventions to increase duration of breastfeeding, this systematic review conducted to evaluate psychometric properties of instruments measured mother’s perception of Breastfeeding Support. Materials and Methods: The search was carried in English language databases including Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Cochran library and Web of Science since inception to March 2018 regarding published studies evaluating psychometric properties of Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy. The COSMIN checklist was used to assess quality of related studies. Results Authors of Perceived Breastfeeding Support Assessment Tool’ (PBSAT) suggested that instrument seem to should be two workplace environmental for breast-feeding working mother and the available social environmental for working mothers. Total Cronbach's alpha was 0.85. In exclusive breastfeeding social (EBFSS) instrument, based on exploratory factor analysis, 16 items grouped into three instrumental, emotional and informational factors accounted 66% of total variance. EFA were followed by confirmatory analysis showed Modified model was partially fitted to data. In Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale (WBSS), EFA identified four dimensions of breastfeeding at workplace. These four labeled technical support, breastfeeding-friendly environment, facility support and peer support. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.77 and split-half reliability was r=0.86. In Employee Perceptions of Breastfeeding Support Questionnaire (EPBS-Q), data scaled by Multidimensional Random Coefficients Multinomial Logit Model. A two-dimensional model (company polices/work culture and manager and her co-workers) were emerged. Cronbach’s alpha was excellent (almost 0.90). Conclusion: Four instruments found to assess breastfeeding was valid and reliable to measure breast feeding in social and workplaces.

Turbofan engine weight estimation for preliminary design

The aim of the study is to prepare weight estimation model of turbofan engines to help designer in the conceptual stages of modern turbofan design. To achieve this purpose, statistical data is used on yielding robust analytical expression and experiments are conducted to prepare model for turbofan engine weight estimation is not easy due to the high cost and insufficient technical facility. Turbofan engine classified into five categories (three shaft turbofan engine, light weight two shaft turbofan engine, medium weight two shaft turbofan engine, high weight two shaft turbofan engine and two shaft geared turbofan engine) and turbofan engine weight model is developed for each category separately to increase model sensitivity. Model sensitivity is investigated for each category by error analysis to give idea about model reflection of real world to conceptual designer.

Turbofan engine weight estimation for preliminary design

The aim of the study is to prepare weight estimation model of turbofan engines to help designer in the conceptual stages of modern turbofan design. To achieve this purpose, statistical data is used on yielding robust analytical expression and experiments are conducted to prepare model for turbofan engine weight estimation is not easy due to the high cost and insufficient technical facility. Turbofan engine classified into five categories (three shaft turbofan engine, light weight two shaft turbofan engine, medium weight two shaft turbofan engine, high weight two shaft turbofan engine and two shaft geared turbofan engine) and turbofan engine weight model is developed for each category separately to increase model sensitivity. Model sensitivity is investigated for each category by error analysis to give idea about model reflection of real world to conceptual designer.

Determination of Minimum Required Water Flow Rate for Diluting Wastewaters before Their Discharge, Taking into Account the Summation of Effects of Harmful Substances

Procedures of reducing waste water discharges into water bodies to safe levels are described. A technique of evaluating the minimum required water flow rate for the dilution of waste waters containing several harmful substances before their discharge into a water reservoir, as well as evaluating maximum allowable discharges (MADs) of wastewaters, is given. This technique makes it possible to take into account classes of hazard and the summation of effects of substances with the same limiting harmful indices. Expressions for determining the minimum required water flowrate for wastewater dilution were obtained from the condition of admissibility of the effect of several harmful substances on reservoir waters as well as from equations of substance balance in a mixer and the mathematical description of the process of eddy diffusion of substances in the flowing water reservoir. The conditions of admissibility of the effect are presented in the form of logical products of inequalities in which the sums of relative concentrations should not exceed the value of 1. An analytical expression of the dependence of relative substance concentration in the most contaminated jet of the control point of the river on the water flow rate for dilution has been obtained. It is shown that the minimum required water flow rate for wastewater predilution can be calculated only on the basis of a numerical method. An example of numerical calculation of the water flow rate for the predilution of technical facility waste waters containing two substances, polysulfide oil and nitrites, is given for illustrating and testing the technique. In addition to these two harmful substances, the reservoir upstream the point of wastewater discharge contained chrome and fluorine. For nitrites, chrome, and fluorine, the summation of their harmful effects was taken into account. For the example under consideration, it is shown that nitrites can be safely discharged without predilution if the unidirectionality of effects is not taken into account. If the summation of effects of harmful substances is taken into account, it is necessary to predilute waste waters at a dilution multiplicity of 6.4 and a decrease in oil and nitrite concentration by 6.8 and 7.3 times to ensure environmental safety.

Revenue for Initial Orthopaedic Trauma Care: Effects of Patient and Injury Characteristics.

To characterize the charges and collections associated with the initial inpatient management of trauma patients who undergo operative fracture management. Retrospective. Level 1 trauma center. Four hundred forty consecutive, adult, trauma patients. Fixation for fracture of the spine, pelvis, acetabulum, and/or femur fractures. Professional and technical (facility) charges and collections from the initial inpatient management and 6 months of subsequent related care. Patients were predominantly male (74.3%) and white (63.2%) with a mean age of 41 years and mean injury severity score of 18.5. Uninsured (self-pay) patients represented the largest payer class (35.0%), and 34.5% of all patients were unemployed. Professional and technical charges totaled US $12,382,028 (US $28,140/patient) and US $39,682,225 (US $90,187/patient), respectively. Injury severity score, longer lengths of stay (LOS), and the presence of a complication were positive predictors of initial charges (P < 0.0001; adjusted R = 0.799). Professional and technical collections totaled US $2,418,096 (US $5,496/patient) and US $16,921,959 (US $38,459/patient) (percent of charge: 21.5% vs. 41.3%; P < 0.0001). Of the self-pay patients, 34.4% had no collections, resulting in potential lost revenue of US $2,513,988. Greater collections were predicted to occur in females, employed patients, and those with insurance (P < 0.0001; adjusted R = 0.35). Trauma patients often present without insurance, which compromises hospital revenue. Expectedly, charges are higher in more severely injured patients, those with longer LOS, and those experiencing complications. A bundled model will proportionately decrease reimbursements for a given episode of care in the event of longer LOS or occurrence of complications.

Midterm Results after Open versus Arthroscopic Transosseous Repair for Foveal Tears of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex.

Purpose Various surgical procedures for foveal tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) have been reported, and the procedures can be grossly divided into open and arthroscopic repair. The surgical results of both procedures were compared. Materials and Methods Twenty-nine patients underwent repair of a TFCC foveal tear. The 13 men and 16 women were in the age range of 14 to 72 years (average age, 30 years). Five patients had a history of distal radius fractures that healed uneventfully with nonoperative treatment. The mean duration of symptoms before surgery was 7.1 months. The procedure for repair consisted of 8 open repairs and 21 arthroscopic repairs. In both procedures, the TFCC was repaired transosseously to the ulna. The mean follow-up period was 34.4 (range, 24-70) months. The patients' pain, range of motion (ROM), grasping power, ulnar head instability, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH), and Mayo modified wrist score (MMWS) were evaluated. The operating time was also compared. Results There were no significant differences between the groups in pain, ROM, grasping power, ulnar head instability, and DASH. The MMWS was excellent in 8 patients in the open repair group, with 18 excellent and 3 good in the arthroscopic repair group. The mean operating time was significantly shorter for arthroscopic repair than for open repair. Conclusion Satisfactory outcomes were achieved for both open and arthroscopic repair techniques in the midterm. If a surgeon becomes familiar with the arthroscopic repair, the arthroscopic technique would be more feasible than the open repair in terms of technical facility and shortening of the operating time. Level of Evidence Level III, therapeutic study.

INCREASING OF ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF WORN EQUIPMENT BY PARTIAL UPDATES. ANALYTICAL AND CONTROL ASPECT

The current state of worn industrial equipment and the resulting low performance indicators of its functioning, in particular, low environmental friendliness, are considered. It is shown that the normalization of the complex situation that has developed in production is an acute problem, the solution of which should begin with the implementation of a program for the partial renewal of worn equipment. It is pointed out that there is a high potential for improving the technological, including ecological, efficiency of functioning of the upgraded equipment. It is pointed out that the partial renewal is highly efficient, because of the small specific investments in it. The significant influence of the quality of control of the setting and implementation of the renewal program on its effectiveness was noted. It is shown that the process of renewal of worn-out equipment, ultimately, has an environmental focus, increases the environmental friendliness of the updated technical facility.

Application of failure mode and effects analysis in ecology in Russia

The article presents a comprehensive review of the FMEA analysis (the failure modes and effects analysis) in the construction industry in the Russian Federation and suggests the same analysis, which can be applied to ecological issues. The paper analyzes the existing legislative and normative acts in this area, modern approaches to the introduction and regulation of the definition of defects in production and construction. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis - this is a formalized procedure for analyzing and finalizing the projected technical facility, the manufacturing process, the operation and storage rules, the maintenance and repair systems of technical facilities, based on the identification of possible (observed) defects with their consequences and cause-effect relationships in their occurrence, and an assessment of the criticality of these defects.

Inlay Butterfly Miringoplasty. Our Experience

IntroductionMultiple surgical techniques have been proposed to close tympanic perforations. Eavey, two decades ago, described a technique aimed at closing central perforations in children. For this, he designed a butterfly-shaped cartilage graft that was placed between the tympanic membrane in an inlay manner. This technique showed great effectiveness for the closure of perforations as well as low morbidity, rapidity and great economic difference. MethodsWe performed a descriptive study of a series of cases analysing 32 interventions in children and adults with the modified Eavey technique, during the period from January 2012 to November 2016. We evaluated the surgical and audiometric functional results. ResultsSurgical success was achieved in 93% of cases, including complete closures in 27 patients (84%) and 3 cases in which minimal asymptomatic dehiscences occurred. There was rejection of the graft and persistence of the perforation in only one case. No major surgical or postoperative complications associated with the procedure were described. The mean improvement in the audiometric gap was from 17dB preoperatively to 7dB after the intervention. ConclusionsThe modified Eavey technique is a low morbidity, cost-effective procedure with a technical facility that proves effective for the closure of tympanic perforations in adults and children.

МЕТОДИ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ТЕХНІЧНОГО СТАНУ ОДНОТИПНИХ ПРОГРАМНО-АПАРАТНИХ ЗАСОБІВ

Development of technical diagnostics direction is related to introduction in the system of technical maintenance the different control methods. One of these methods is the prediction method which is based on predicting the occurrence of the origin of some situation. As a result of analysis of the selected test parameters equipment may not only assess the current state of technical control facility but with a certain probability to predict how long this technical state may continue. An important condition for the adoption of truly effective solutions for a technical diagnostics is the presence and practical application of these parameters to reflect actual (physical) state of controlled property. In the prediction process are used not only data obtained at the time of control but also the results of previous measurements. The need to accumulate the results of previous measurements and the results of their statistical analysis indicates a need for systems engineering controls storage devices. One of the properties is the speed of reading and rewriting of information. There is no need to store information about the state of the object of control over the entire period of its operation. Prediction of the technical state of the control object is an actual problem. Even a probabilistic prediction helps in preventing the equipment failure before the moment of its occurrence. The amount of expenses associated with refusing from the prediction system during implementation of basic tasks exceeds expenses on development and introduction of diagnostic system that provides technical state prediction. The diagnostic methods (probabilistic methods for prediction and prediction by the methods of numerical analysis) for the technical state prediction of objects of radio electronic equipment (armaments) that get under the determination of «hardware and software of the same type» are considered. The application of the proposed methods will enable to introduce the prognostic principle of making effective decisions in the system of technical maintenance (of technical diagnosis) as well as to obtain the economic effect of preventing the downtime of electronic equipment due to a sudden failure.

УПРЕЖДАЮЩИЕ МЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ОБЪЕКТОВ АЭС

УПРЕЖДАЮЩИЕ МЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ОБЪЕКТОВ АЭС

Miringoplastia con cartílago en alas de mariposa. Nuestra experiencia

IntroductionMultiple surgical techniques have been proposed to close tympanic perforations. Eavey, two decades ago, described a technique aimed at closing central perforations in children. For this, he designed a butterfly-shaped cartilage graft that was placed between the tympanic membrane in an inlay manner. This technique showed great effectiveness for the closure of perforations as well as low morbidity, rapidity and great economic difference. MethodsWe performed a descriptive study of a series of cases analysing 32 interventions in children and adults with the modified Eavey technique, during the period from January 2012 to November 2016. We evaluated the surgical and audiometric functional results. ResultsSurgical success was achieved in 93% of cases, including complete closures in 27 patients (84%) and 3 cases in which minimal asymptomatic dehiscences occurred. There was rejection of the graft and persistence of the perforation in only one case. No major surgical or postoperative complications associated with the procedure were described. The mean improvement in the audiometric gap was from 17dB preoperatively to 7dB after the intervention. ConclusionsThe modified Eavey technique is a low morbidity, cost-effective procedure with a technical facility that proves effective for the closure of tympanic perforations in adults and children.

Use of Low-quality Biogenic Fuels in a Decentralized Biomass Boiler for Thermal Energy Generation

The KIT generate heat with three hot water tube boilers and a combined heat and power unit. Their operation is based on natural gas. Alternatively, light fuel oil can be used in the hot water tube boilers. For the future the KIT has to achieve climate protection goals and for that to consider about alternative heat generation. This could be the operation of a biomass boiler, which is operated with wood chips or wood pellets. The Institute of Technical Chemistry (ITC) and Facility Management (FM) of KIT in cooperation with medium-sized enterprises now plans to integrate a decentralized biomass boiler into the existing heat supply network of KIT Campus North. The goal for the decentralized biomass boiler is to operate with low-quality biogenic fuel. Within the framework of preliminary studies, the biogenic fuels shall be characterized according to their combustion properties. To enhance sustainability, reduce the consumption of resources and increase economic efficiency, the studies are to focus on the use of waste materials. In addition, the waste flows at KIT and the suited waste shall be identified. The considered materials are lop, sieve residues or other previous identified waste.When planning such a project, legal and licensing-relevant aspects and their consequenses have to be considered. Then, the requirements to be met by the selected fuels will be listed and experimental tests at the “KLEAA” test facility of ITC will be reported. This test facility is a fixed bed reactor used for the characterization of burnout of solid fuels. Studies are aimed at identifying and assessing alternative fuels for future use in biomass boilers. Furthermore side effects such as corrosion, slagging, and emissions shall be taken into account. Depending on the achieved intermediate data the insert of additives to reduce the side effects will be tested. The project findings will be verified in an experimental facility later on.In the proposed paper first results of the preliminary investigations shall be presented.

Aksesibilitas Pariwisata Bagi Difabel di Kota Surakarta (Studi Evaluasi Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor 30 Tahun 2006 Tentang Pedoman Teknis Fasilitas Dan Aksesibilitas Pada Bangunan Gedung Dan Lingkungan)

&lt;p&gt;This study aims to look at the complete facilities and their accessibility in existing tourist sites in the city of Surakarta namely Taman Balekambang, Taman Satwa Taru Jurug and Taman Hiburan Rakyat (THR) Sriwedari. Completeness of facilities and existing facilities at tourist sites is assessed based on the Minister of Public Works No. 30 Year 2006 on Technical Guidelines and Accessibility Facility On Building and Environment. This study assessed whether tourism in Surakarta was accessible or not and viewed based principles of accessibility. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with data collection technique using observation, interviews and documents. To obtain valid data, this study using triangulation of data sources. While data analysis techniques using interactive analysis techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Facilities were seen and assessed based on the Public Works Ministerial Regulation No. 30 Year 2006 on Technical Guidelines and Accessibility Facility Building and Environment On the basis of the size of the room, pedestrian paths, guide lines, parking areas, ramps, and traffic signs and markings. The results showed that the state of the facilities and existing facilities at tourist sites namely Taman Balekambang, Taman Satwa Taru Jurug and Taman Hiburan Rakyat (THR) Sriwedari yet complete and in accordance with policy. Incompleteness of this facility shows that tourist sites are not accessible for the disabled. It makes the accessibility of tourism in Surakarta not materialized.&lt;/p&gt;

Validity of a commercial kit for detection of antibodies in bovine serum in an endemic area for fasciolosis.

Fasciolosis is caused by Fasciola hepatica that affects the bile ducts and liver parenchyma of ruminants, which can result in economic loss. This study aimed to carry out the validity of the commercial kit ELISA® indirect front of the simple fecal sedimentation test used as the standard. 143 samples were collected blood and feces of cattle from Jerome, south of the Espírito Santo. Serum samples were left at -80 °C and used to perform the ELISA kit IDEXX®. All animals to stool examinations were also positive to the ELISA (22) and negative samples to test stool (121), 52 animals reacted positively against the antibody research. The frequency of fasciolosis was 15.4% in the stool examinations and 51.8% by ELISA. The validity was calculated by sensitivity (100%), specificity (57%), positive predictive value (29%) and negative predictive value (100%), and the correlation between the tests calculated using the kappa index of 0.35. The better sensitivity of the ELISA commercial kit should not be a separately evaluated, since the cost benefit and the technical facility must be considered.