Vocational Education Research Articles

Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Market Participation: A Case Study of Jammu City, India

Labor market participation has increased attention due to the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This crisis has significantly affected various aspects of society, including labor market participation, resulting in widespread job losses, disruptions in education, shifts in industry demands, skill gaps, and increased unemployment, both on a global scale and within Jammu City. This paper aims to analyze the labor market participation of youth during the pandemic and its impact on education, employment, and socio-economic outcomes. The study uses both primary and secondary sources, such as labor force surveys, reports, and research papers, covering problems worldwide, India and the specific context of Jammu city. The study covers the pre- and post-pandemic labor market participation of survey respondents examining the types of job losses, vocational education and training (VET) courses, work-from-home opportunities, and the challenges faced by individuals in securing employment during the pandemic. The central focus of the study lies in exploring the labor market participation of the respondents. How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected youth labor market participation in Jammu City, and impacted education, employment, and socio-economic outcomes? Major findings have been discussed in this paper, The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in widespread job losses, disruptions in education and significantly impacted youth labor market participation in Jammu City, VET courses emerged as crucial avenues for skill development and adapting to the changing labor market demands during the pandemic. Work-from-home opportunities became prevalent, but access to such opportunities varied among different demographic groups, aggravating existing inequalities. Challenges in securing employment during the pandemic included limited job opportunities, skill gaps, and barriers to accessing education and training. Policy recommendations for addressing the impact of the pandemic on youth labor market participation and socio-economic conditions in Jammu City include enhancing skill development programs, promoting inclusive job creation initiatives, and ensuring equitable access to education and training opportunities. These measures aim to mitigate difficulties in labor market participation and socio-economic challenges, emphasizing the importance of skill enhancement, inclusive job creation, and accessible education and training within the city.

Compliance of private ventilated improved pit latrines to odour and fly control guidelines: A technical audit in selected regions of Ghana

The ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine offers a promising route to safely managed sanitation to many households in developing countries. However, some technical guidelines must be followed in order to realise the technology's advantage of odour and fly nuisance control. This study sought to audit private VIP latrines in selected regions of Ghana to assess their compliance to conventional technical guidelines and to understand the major factors that influence the latrine designs. An inspection checklist was developed to assess 296 private VIP latrines in the Central, Ashanti and Northern Regions of Ghana while semi-structured interviews were conducted among the latrine owners to enquire the factors that influenced the designs of their latrines. The results show that provision of a window in the superstructure (86 %), and the avoidance of an insect screen in the window(s) (77 %) were the most complied guidelines. The use of 150 mm diameter vent pipe was the least satisfied guideline (5 %). On the average, a latrine satisfied about half (3.6) of the technical guidelines that were assessed. The decision or advice of local artisans is the most influential factor in the design of the latrines. Cost was the least mentioned factor cited by the latrine owners. There is the need to establish information desks at the various Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) to guide prospective owners on the proper design and construction of the VIP latrine. In addition, toilet construction should be incorporated in the curriculum for the basic training of building and construction students in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions in Ghana. Further research is required to ascertain the basis of the decisions of local artisans and the potential impact of the use of accessories that are ‘borrowed’ from the WC toilet on odour and fly control in the latrine.

Effect of media literacy on entrepreneurial development of learners in adult and vocational education

Effect of media literacy on entrepreneurial development of learners in adult and vocational education

Investing in Education and Scientific Research for Growth of Iraq: Exploring the Main Dimensions, Success Factors, and Government Policies

The research aims to explore the dynamics of investment in education and scientific research and their influence on Iraq's economic growth. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, the study focuses on various dimensions of education and research investment, including quality education, vocational training, funding, infrastructure, collaboration, and government policies. The data was collected through a comprehensive survey, designed based on international standards and tailored to the specific context of Iraq. The survey garnered 191 valid responses from a diverse range of stakeholders in Iraq's education and research sectors, including educators, policymakers, academic researchers, and institutional representatives. The statistical analysis was carried out using specialized software (Amos.V24 and SPSS.V26), incorporating methods such as arithmetic averages, standard deviation, coefficient of difference, and relative importance. The study also includes visual representations such as bar charts and heat maps to elucidate the findings. The most prominent result emphasizes the strong positive correlation between investment in education, research, and economic development in Iraq. It underscores the necessity for a concerted effort to improve education quality, fostering scientific research, and aligning it with the country's economic development goals. The findings affirm that strategic investment in education and research can catalyze Iraq's growth and progress.

מוסדות לילדים עזובים ביישוב ועיצוב זהותם החברתית והלאומית של החוסים בהם, 1948-1934

Personal, social, and national problems have been attributed to the phenomenon of ‘abandonment’ in the Jewish Yishuv, which involved thousands of children wandering the streets without supervision. Some of these children were absorbed into closed institutions, both national and municipal, which viewed themselves as substitutes for the family and were meant to provide the children with a framework of physical and emotional support. The article describes the institutions for abandoned children established by Tel Aviv Municipality and the Jewish National Council and the therapeutic and educational approaches they adopted and examines their role in the process of shaping the social and national identity of the children. The institutions differed from each other in their day-to-day functioning, but they all shared the aspiration to shape the children’s social and national identity, with the goal of facilitating their integration into society. In the social domain, the institutions aspired to avoid labeling the children as abandoned or delinquent and attempted to guide them towards normative lives; however, the mere presence of the children in a specialized institution already labeled them and influenced their self-perception. In all the institutions, vocational training was a prime channel in identity formation. In urban institutions, the industrial element was emphasized, while in rural institutions, it was the agricultural element, which was the flagship of national endeavor. The national emphasis on the shaping of children’s identity was for some of them a springboard to social integration; however, others felt even more abandoned in institutions founded on value systems far removed from their personal worlds. The insights that emerge from the article highlight the necessity of integrating a value-driven goal within the identity-shaping process. Such a goal—whether national, social, or personal and whether particularistic or universal—provides a child with a horizon to strive towards and internal motivation for growth and development, even from within a crisis.

CTE Can Be For Me: Middle School Counselors’ Perception of Their Knowledge and Abilities to Guide Students in Career and Technical Education in the State of Texas

CTE Can Be For Me: Middle School Counselors’ Perception of Their Knowledge and Abilities to Guide Students in Career and Technical Education in the State of Texas

CTE Can Be For Me: Middle School Counselors’ Perception of Their Knowledge and Abilities to Guide Students in Career and Technical Education in the State of Texas

CTE Can Be For Me: Middle School Counselors’ Perception of Their Knowledge and Abilities to Guide Students in Career and Technical Education in the State of Texas

Impact of Strategic Entrepreneurial on Strategic Decision-Making: A Field Study in North Oil Company/Kirkuk

The scope of the concept of strategic entrepreneurship has expanded within organizations, and interpretations of this concept have multiplied. It is a critical element that must be considered across the various related dimensions, because it is of great importance as it has the ability to change the direction of business organizations today in addition to the support it provides for strategic decisions, resources and industrial education. The research initially identified the theoretical gap between the existing intellectual proposals put forward by the researchers, which paved the way for practical application within the North Oil Company / Kirkuk. The main tool used in collecting data and information was the questionnaire, which was presented to a group of arbitrators to be modified and appropriate to the field and the ease of answering it by the researched sample. The questionnaire was distributed to middle management within the company at the rank of department manager and Division manager. A total of 56 questionnaires were distributed, of which 53 were retrieved. The Amos program was used in addition to the statistical program Excel and SBSS, and the research aims to identify the basic dimensions of entrepreneurship and strategic decisions. The study used the descriptive analytical method. Moreover, one of the most prominent results of the research is that strategic entrepreneurship is the main factor for organizations that wish to obtain excellence and prosperity and have the ability to continue in a competitive environment, where strategic entrepreneurship avoids weaknesses and exploitation. strengths. For the organization, this of course requires decisive and quick strategic decisions

Encouraging a Unified Framework for Understanding Socialization Into Higher Education

Over the past few decades, scholars have directed increasing attention toward the socialization of physical education faculty members’ recruitment, preparation, and ongoing socialization. Parallel research trajectories have, however, resulted in varied approaches to conceptualizing and labeling the phases or types of socialization experienced by this occupational group. With the view of academic journals as spaces for discourse surrounding divergent approaches to conceptualizing and conducting research, the purpose of this research note was to overview two contrasting conceptualizations of physical education teacher education faculty socialization and propose a unified approach for moving forward in future research. Differing perspectives are reviewed, and an updated conceptual framework for understanding socialization into and through academic roles is proposed. We argue that this model better captures the diversity in and provides flexibility for the backgrounds that draw individuals into careers in higher education and their experiences once serving among the faculty in academia.

Challenges regarding TVET training programs in the SA automotive industry

ABSTRACT This paper reports on research undertaken to understand the contribution of formal Technical Vocational Education and Training (hereafter TVET) to company-level growth and transformation in the automotive sector in South Africa. The findings of this article are part of a larger research project conducted in South Africa and five other developing countries, namely, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Laos, and Vietnam, to explore the contribution of TVET programs to inclusive industrial transformation and growth in the manufacturing sectors. It argues that formal TVET training does not drive workplace changes in technology, work organisation, and product change in the automotive sector. This paper challenges the current formal TVET provision policy in South Africa to recognise other forms of training provision, such as non-formal, and informal on-the-job training, in addition to company-level factors critical in shaping the skills system if we are to understand the extent to which skills enhance growth and transformation.

New Graduate Nurses’ Readiness for Practice, Transition and Integration into the Workplace: A Longitudinal Study with Mixed Methods Research

AimTo examine the readiness of new graduate nurses for practice and evaluate factors influencing their transition into the workplace. BackgroundThis is new research in Bahrain. Understanding readiness for practice is important during a time when there is a national initiative to promote nursing as a career among the indigenous Bahraini population. The worldwide nursing shortages and aging workforce require new and innovative recruitment and retention measures. There is change, increased demand and complexity, in nursing and healthcare needs with accompanying healthcare specialization. In such a health care environment, the transitioning and readiness of newly qualified nurses is an increasing challenge. DesignA longitudinal design, with a triangulated, mixed methods, research approach was used. MethodsThe study population consisted of 50 newly graduated nurses. Data were collected over one year through self-administered questionnaires, reflective diaries and focus groups. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS and qualitative data using thematic analysis with adherence to GRAMMS reporting guidelines. ResultsIn Bahrain, there are actions to recruit young Arabic students to nursing including schools and community presentations by trained nurse ambassadors, social media activities and career exhibitions, however there is a lack of objective information on the perspective of cohorts of nurses who have successfully completed graduate nursing registration programmes and transitioned into practice. International literature suggests that the transition of newly graduated nurses can be stressful and challenging. On entry to practice, the respondents positively perceived their characteristics and attributes; however, their confidence was affected by challenges in the workplace. The transitioning of the new graduate nurses was affected by the availability of support and leadership, induction programmes and the new complex work environment. ConclusionUnderstanding work readiness and the emotional needs of new graduate nurses, accompanied by improved support, will enhance the transition of newly qualified nurses into the workplace and reduce attrition. Study RegistrationKHUH/Research/No.279/2019

Impacts of daily household activities on indoor particulate and NO2 concentrations; a case study from Oxford UK

This study explores indoor air pollutant (PM1, PM2.5 and NO2) concentrations over a 15-week period during the COVID-19 pandemic in a typical suburban household in Oxford, UK. A multi-room intensive monitoring study was conducted in a single dwelling using 10 air quality sensors measuring real-time pollutant concentrations at 10 second intervals to assess temporal and spatial variability in PM1, PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations, identify pollution-prone areas, and investigate the impact of residents' activities on indoor air quality. Significant spatial variations in PM concentrations were observed within the study dwelling, with highest hourly concentrations (769.0 & 300.9 μg m-3 for PM2.5, and PM1, respectively) observed in the upstairs study room, which had poor ventilation. Cooking activities were identified as a major contributor to indoor particulate pollution, with peak concentrations aligning with cooking events. Indoor NO2 levels were typically higher than outdoor levels, particularly in the kitchen where a gas-cooking appliance was used. There was no significant association observed between outdoor and indoor PM concentrations; however, a clear correlation was evident between kitchen PM emissions and indoor levels. Similarly, outdoor NO2 had a limited influence on indoor air quality compared to kitchen activities. Indoor sources were found to dominate for both PM and NO2, with higher Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) ratios observed in upstairs bedroom and the kitchen. Overall, our findings highlight the contribution of indoor air pollutant sources and domestic activities to indoor air pollution exposure, notably during the COVID-19 pandemic when people were typically spending more time in domestic settings. Our novel findings, which suggest high levels of pollutant concentrations in upstairs (first floor) rooms, underscore the necessity for targeted interventions. These interventions include the implementation of source control measures, effective ventilation strategies and occupant education for behaviour change, all aimed at improving indoor air quality and promoting healthier living environments.

Balancing Economic Utility and Cultural Significance: Fostering Independent Creativity and Confidence in Vocational Education for Sustainable Workforce Development

Humans are viewed as economic rather than cultural in vocational education. Cultural norms demand that all humans work, and I know people by their employment. A person's ability to labor is greater, and human values extend beyond work. Workers' significance will increase if they can produce work. To avoid failure, education economists create an analysis of labor demand based on genuine labor market needs (demand) and the prospects for graduates from the world of education (supply). Education's outcomes must make it easier to achieve linear work that has developed in the larger community. To retain public trust in the outcomes of vocational school education, it is necessary to anticipate the absence of correlation. In a vocational school, learning is guiding pupils to do something to gain experience, which results in change due to individual creativity and innovation. Independent learning based on developed intellect is consistent with the globalization journey that cannot be ignored, as it is one source of innovation that is consistent with global technology improvements. In a pragmatic sense, developing autonomous creativity is the best way to minimize dependency and rising decline rates. Human dynamics in preparing long-term goals include an awareness of developing oneself by increasing self-confidence.

DETERMINING INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTERS TO PROMOTE AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION AMONG SMALL HOLDER FARMERS IN KISUMU COUNTY, KENYA

Despite the benefits offered by Vocational Education including skills about agricultural mechanization, Small Holder Farmersare yet to benefit from vocational training with regard to agricultural mechanization. The purpose of this study, was to determine the Institutional Capacity of Vocational Training Centres to promote agricultural mechanization among Small Holder Farmers. However the study focused on determining the Outreach Services offered by Vocational Training Centres that promote agricultural mechanization. Descriptive survey research design was employed in this study. The sample size comprised of 110 Small Holder Farmers, 21 principals and 21 Heads of Departments. The reliability coefficient of instruments was 0.713. A coefficient of 0.70 was accepted as reliable. Interview guides for principals and Focus Group Discussion, facilities observation guides, questionnaires for Heads of Department were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and percentages were applied to analyse data. This study found out that Vocational Training Centres had Institutional Capacity to promote agricultural mechanisation but requires improvement and modernisation. The study noted that Vocational Training Centres offer Outreach Services but not scheduled. This study therefore recommend that Vocational Training Centres must intentionally build adequate institutional capacity intended for the promotion of agricultural mechanisation among small holder farmers. Findings can be used by Vocational Training Centresto promote adoption of agricultural mechanisation among Small Holder Farmers through.

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN CHINA: BASED ON CNKI DATABASE (2014-2023)

Innovation and entrepreneurship education is the engine and driving force to promote social and economic development and advancement. China's innovation and entrepreneurship education has been researched and developed for more than 20 years. In order to grasp the current situation, hotspots, trends and future of innovation and entrepreneurship education research in China, 1330 sample literatures in CNKI database are used as the research object, and bibliometric methods are adopted to visualise, analyse and compare the big data of the literature in terms of the annual volume of published papers, research topics, disciplinary distributions, authors of the published papers, journals of published papers, institutions of the published papers, high citations, downloads, and categories of sources, etc. The results are as follows. The results found that: China's innovation and entrepreneurship education research disciplines are mainly divided into higher education and vocational education; journals such as Education and Career, Science and Technology in Chinese Colleges and Universities, and Secondary School Politics Teaching Reference are the main dissemination carriers; Peking University Core is the main journal source; Northeast Normal University, Xiamen University, and Wenzhou Medical University are the main publishing institutions; and the National Educational Science Programming Project, and the National Social Science Foundation are the main funding funds.

RESEARCH STATUS OF INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ECOSYSTEM: DATA ANALYSIS FROM CNKI IN CHINA

Innovation and entrepreneurship education ecosystem is a hot and difficult issue in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship education research in recent years. The research on innovation and entrepreneurship education ecosystem in China has gone through 10 years of research and development. In order to grasp the current status, hotspots, trends and future of innovation and entrepreneurship education ecosystem research in China, 158 sample documents from the CNKI database were taken as the research object, and the bibliometric method was used to visualise and analyse the big data of the literature in terms of the amount of papers published annually, the research topics, the distribution of disciplines, the high-yield authors, the journals of the published papers, the institutions of the published papers, the high citations, the number of downloads, and the categories of the sources. Comparison. The results found that: China's innovation and entrepreneurship education ecosystem research is mainly divided into the disciplines of higher education and vocational education; journals such as Innovation and Entrepreneurship Theory, Research and Practice, Journal of Heilongjiang Institute of Education and Modernisation of Education are the main dissemination carriers; PKUC is the main source of journals for high-quality theses; Huangshan College, Wenzhou University, Northeast Normal University and Henan University of Technology are the main publication institutions ; Jiangsu Provincial Fund Project and Ministry of Education Fund Project are the main funding funds.

RESEARCH ON THE ELEMENTS OF OCCUPATIONAL COMPETENCE OF HIGHER VOCATIONAL STUDENTS BASED ON DELPHI METHOD AND GROUNDED THEORY IN THE PRC

Occupational competence (OC) is a matter of competitiveness in the future job market as well as the level of student development. However, in China there is a gap between the OC of higher vocational students (HVS) and the requirements of the industry, and graduates have a relatively low employment rate and lack the necessary skills and experience in the real world, requiring additional training and guidance in order to be qualified for their positions. The aim of this study is to explore the elements of OC of HVS and to provide a basis for educators to develop the OC of HVS. In order to achieve this goal, this paper uses 2 qualitative research methods, the Delphi method and Grounded Theory. Through purposeful sampling techniques, 12 experts from 3 regions, Jiangsu, Guangdong, and Zhejiang, including college administrators, corporate personnel, outstanding graduates, and government officials, were selected to help identify and extract the components of OC of HVS. The results of the study are based on 3 dimensions—learning and innovation, career and life, and character and literacy—composed of 15 sub-components and 35 items. It is recommended to apply the list of elements in practice and emphasize its important orientation in vocational education in order to improve the OC with the needs of enterprises and personal development.

Entrepreneurial Skills as Correlate of Technical and Vocational Education in Rivers State, Nigeria

Entrepreneurial Skills as Correlate of Technical and Vocational Education in Rivers State, Nigeria

An Analyzing the Implementation and Challenges of Sci-Edu-Ind Integration Model in Vocational Education

An Analyzing the Implementation and Challenges of Sci-Edu-Ind Integration Model in Vocational Education

대학생의 전공선택 탐색 및 새로운 학사제도에 대한 인식

[Objective] This study aims to determine whether the motivation for choosing a major affects the satisfaction with major decisions after entering university. Additionally, it seeks to understand perceptions of new academic systems designed to increase satisfaction. [Contents] This study analyzed whether the motivation for selecting a major before enrollment influences the desired major decision. In addition, it is intended to analyze the factors affecting the satisfaction of major decision after admission, and to suggest the direction of education policy after understanding the recognition of the introduction of a new academic system to operate it effectively. [Conclusions] The conclusion of this study is as follows. First, the intrinsic factors (aptitude and interest, dream realization) of major selection before entering college were higher than the extrinsic factors (employment outlook, grades). Second, it was confirmed that the satisfaction with major decision after entering college affects the satisfaction with major decision in the order of the connection between college major and employment, the relationship between college major and career, high school career education, and university field. Finally, it was said that ‘support for opportunities to experience various studies’ is the most necessary for matters to be considered at the university level in relation to the operation of the new school system, and as a problem, there are concerns about ‘the phenomenon of concentration on popular departments’ and ‘difficulty in managing students related to major decision’. Based on these results, implications and suggestions for follow-up research were presented in relation to college student’s major decision and career education.