Technical University Research Articles

China Modern Teaching's Impact on Lecturer Competence in Entrepreneurship

This study aimed to see the mediating effect of 21st-century teaching and learning on entrepreneurship skills and lecturer’s competency among the lecturers in Vocational & Technical College at Zhejiang, China. This study also aspired to examine the significant effect between entrepreneurship skills and lecturers' competency. Besides, this also would like to see the mediating effect between 21st-century teaching and learning skills and the lecturers' competency. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was applied to test the effect on the variables using administrating questionnaires. A total of 316 respondents from Vocational & Technical College at Zhejiang, China completed the survey. The findings show that the mediating effect of 21st-century teaching and learning has a significant effect on entrepreneurship skills (estimated value 0.346, P-value of < 0.05), to boost up lecturers' competency (estimated value 0.782, P-value of < 0.05) in teaching entrepreneurship modules. Meanwhile, the direct influence of entrepreneurship skills and lecturers' competency has no significant effect on each other (estimated value of 0.074, P-value > 0.05). The result of this study shows that there is a complete mediation effect between entrepreneurship skills and 21st-century teaching and learning skills and lecturers' competency.

Enhancing ANPR accuracy for staff car verification using convolutional neural networks and RegEX correction

This research paper presents the development and evaluation of an Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) system using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with Regex correction. The aim is to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of car verification and security processes at First Technical University, Ibadan. The ANPR system was implemented both without Regex correction and with Regex correction. The evaluation results demonstrate significant improvements in the system's performance when CNN with Regex correction is employed. The CNN-based ANPR system achieves a precision of 1.00, recall of 0.90, and F1-score of 0.95 in accurately identifying number plates. These scores indicate increased accuracy and reduce false positives compared to the system without Regex correction. The integration of CNN and Regex correction effectively handles variations and errors in the number plate data, leading to a reliable and efficient car verification process. Future work can focus on further refining the CNN model and optimizing the Regex correction algorithms to enhance the system's accuracy and robustness. The developed ANPR system, utilizing CNN with Regex correction, shows great potential for enhancing car verification and security in various domains, including law enforcement, parking management, and traffic monitoring

A deflating quality TVET education in Gauteng Technical, Vocational Education and Training Colleges

A deflating quality TVET education in Gauteng Technical, Vocational Education and Training Colleges

METHODOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF SPEAKING SKILL IN TEACHING TECHNICAL HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF WIKI-TECHNOLOGIES IN IT

This article recommends the methods of developing English as a foreign language, one of the main language skills -speaking skills using wiki technologies for students of technical universities. It is based on scientific facts that this method is equally useful for students of technical higher education institution and pedagogues of English language. In the process of writing the article, the author approaches mainly from the perspective of a teacher-pedagogue, and gives instructions on how and for what purpose to use wiki-technologies in the course of the lesson. In order to make the text of the article more understandable, emphasis is placed on what wiki technology actually is and how important its role is in the field of education. It also provides a brief overview of English-speaking skills and their level of difficulty, the benefits of teaching speaking skills to students, and how this skill is taught effectively. In the article, special attention is given and explained to what the pedagogue should emphasize more in the process of teaching, the importance of time, the primary and secondary factors in the process of teaching speaking skills. Some of the wiki-technologies that develop speaking skills are named in the article and their function is explained separately.

СИСТЕМЫ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В СФЕРЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ: ОТНОШЕНИЕ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЕЙ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОЛГГТУ)

The article describes the results of an exploratory research on the basis of Volgograd State Technical University. The empirical object of the study was teachers - students of advanced training courses in the field of digital technologies. The purpose of the study is to identify the attitude of teachers to the wide introduction of digital technologies using artificial intelligence in the educational process. It is shown that different age groups of faculty members demonstrate a rather loyal attitude to digital educational tools, which does not depend much on age. This is confirmed not only by the high level of mastery of digital technologies, but also by the effectiveness of their use in the educational process. Adherence to modern digital tools also does not show a noticeable relationship with the scientific and publication activity of teachers.

NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN TRENDS

In the modern world, specialists’ success depends on their ability to adapt to rapidly changing conditions in their lives and professional activities. Non-formal education is one of the ways to adjust educational trajectories to ensure continuous and flexible development tailored to learners’ individual needs and interests. This paper describes the findings of a study on the non-formal education model in higher education institutions. The study aims to develop a non-formal education model considering a three-element interaction: student, university, and external environment. Analytical and statistical information processing methods were used to review references and determine the needs of internal and external non-formal education consumers. The study’s findings justify the integration of non-formal education concepts into a traditional education system, that is, ensuring free academic activity, expanding learning options and trajectories, personal development, and forming a constantly growing need for acquiring knowledge and new competencies. Another result of the study is the identification of the key elements of non-formal education and the possibilities for its integration into the higher education system. The map of requests of each educational process participant has been made and some ways of non-formal education implementation have been shown in the example of NPJSC D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University experience. The scientific and practical significance of the paper lies in a comprehensive overview of non-formal education scientific and educational potential, and a presentation of mechanisms for creating an educational environment to facilitate learners’ self-organization and self-development

WebQuest development based on Google Maps for studying language and culture of Australia

Introduction. Language and Culture studies, studying the relationship between language and culture, is an important component of linguistic education, which today is not given enough attention in the training programs for linguistics students. This problem can be solved by integrating students' research activities based on WebQuest technology into the foreign language training course. The purpose of this study is to determine the didactic potential of a WebQuest created with Google Maps geolocation application in the study of Australian Language and Culture by linguistics students. Methodology. The authors analyzed scientific literature and teaching materials in the field of Language and Culture studies, linguoculturology, australistics and digital linguodidactics. As a basis for the web-quest, an interactive map of Australia was created with Google Maps geolocation application, which allows to link GPS-coordinates of geographical objects with selected sociocultural and linguistic data. WebQuest scenarios containing Language and Culture studies tasks and instructions for their fulfillment were developed. Results. Experimental work was carried out on the basis of Linguistics faculty of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The WebQuest was tested in groups of 2nd year students majoring in Theoretical and Applied Linguistics. The criterion-based evaluation of the obtained results was carried out, as well as the analysis of self-evaluation sheets and written feedback from the students participating in the WebQuest. Conclusion. The analysis and generalization of the above experience allowed the authors to formulate the conditions for WebQuest successful inclusion in English as a Second language course in order to increase linguistics students’ motivation to study mutual influence of language and culture and develop communicative skills in Australian English.

Insights Into a New Format of Education for Sustainable Nutrition in Teacher Education

Abstract Education for sustainable nutrition will only succeed if society is given direct access and experience to the obvious benefits of a sustainable lifestyle. An earlier personal and positive association to a sustainable lifestyle makes a dietary shift most likely. Here, the training future teachers plays a central role as a multiplicator. Project-based learning (PBL) is a well-known approach with the purpose of crosslinking theoretical knowledge with real-life practice. Despite many existing PBL approaches, there is a gap of conveniently applicable and easily transferable approaches for ensuring their sustainable integration into teacher education. This study aims to fill this gap by exemplarily leading students to experience edible plant diversity in urban environments via action-oriented learning and out-of-school learning places. The present study outlines the methodological and didactic process and the practical implementation of an innovative sustainable approach of PBL for education for sustainable nutrition in the curriculum of teacher education. The results are discussed on the basis of student feedback and the evaluation of the recent course conducted in 2022 at the Technical University of Berlin. Measured by the outcome of the course, the new concept applied here has a personal impact by that having the potential to facilitate a more sustainable approach of nutrition in our society.

КИБЕРМОББИНГ КАК ГЛОБАЛЬНАЯ ИНТЕРНЕТ-ПРОБЛЕМА В МОЛОДЕЖНОЙ СРЕДЕ

The article is devoted to the global problem of bullying, which in the 21st century entered a new stage of evolution - cyberbullying (massive online harassment occurring on the global Internet). Despite the great opportunities of the Internet in the field of youth education and access to information, the global network has opened the door to a limitless world of online entertainment, where virtual space can pose a danger to young people in the form of threats, insults and ridicule. The relevance and interest in the problem of cyberbullying among young people is due to the fact that UN experts claim that every 3rd modern teenager has been bullied in the virtual space. The concern of the world community is also caused by the fact that cyber bullying can have serious consequences for the victim, including problems in studies against a background of increased anxiety; decreased self-confidence and self-esteem; isolation from society, and most importantly, the manifestation of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress syndrome and even suicide. In this regard, artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to automatically block insults and threats in the Internet space. The article presents the results of an author's survey of first-year full-time students of Volgograd State Technical University (VSTU). The author provides an overview of foreign statistical data on the problems of cyberbullying in various countries, describes methods of combating and preventing cyberbullying, and substantiates the need to use artificial intelligence (AI) in countering and preventing cyber bullying among young people.

AI Literacy across Curriculum Design: Investigating College Instructor’s Perspectives

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly prevalent, permeating various aspects of and spreading across education. However, a comprehensive understanding of AI applications and how to define AI literacy is under-investigated. On this note, teaching and evaluating AI literacy necessitating educators to integrate it in course content. The implementation and utilization of AI are reshaping college students’ experiences mannerly. A limited efforts have been made to promote artificial intelligence (AI) literacy for individuals at academic institutions. This study aims to investigate college instructors’ perspectives towards AI integration in curriculum design at a higher education institution, Palestine technical university Kadoorie (PTUK). A mixed study approach is utilized with a pre-existing questionnaire containing 14 items in this study and 17 semi-structured interviews. The data were collected from nine different departments at PTUK. The target population consisted of college 176. The results revealed that college instructors are perceiving AI literacy at a weak degree in the curriculum. Three themes merged from qualitative data: positive perspectives, negative perspectives, and willingness of integration of AI literacy across the curriculum. Recommendations include: there is a necessity to incorporate AI literacy curriculum design and in higher education context in different disciplines.

ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ИТ-ПРОЕКТЫ КАК СРЕДСТВА ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ ЦИФРОВОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ УЧАЩИХСЯ ШКОЛ

The article analyzes the problems of conducting the educational course “Fundamentals of Programming in Python” within the framework of the “Code of the Future” project with the participation of the provider - Volgograd State Technical University. The tasks of each participant in the learning process are determined, and negative conditions affecting it are identified. The authors determined the input and output indicators for the formation of digital competencies among students in the field of programming, confirming the leadership and necessity of the project.

Performance and Functional State of the Central Nervous System in Technical College Students

Introduction: Secondary vocational education is associated with physical exertion, practical experience in the industry, equipment and machinery operation. Adaptation effectiveness and overall cognitive performance of students strongly depend on their functional state and level of functional capabilities. Objective: To study characteristic features of the central nervous system functioning among technical college students, as well as their typical indicators of performance. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in November and December 2022 involving 215 participants: 188 (54.90 %) male and 97 (45.10 %) female first to third-year technical college students (mean age = 17.50 ± 1.4 years). Functional capabilities of the central nervous system were assessed using express diagnostics of human functional state and performance by M.P. Moroz. The data were processed using Statistica 10.0. Normality of distribution was checked by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test; median (Me) and quartiles (Q1–Q3) were calculated for each parameter. The significance (p) of intergroup differences was determined using the Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: We found that in most students, the functional state of the central nervous system corresponded to a reduced level of performance. Among the respondents, 98.41 % had the functional level of the central nervous system within the range of reduced mental performance while in 1.62 % it was significantly lower. The indicator of functional capabilities was moderately reduced in 60.30 % of the participants, and 25.40 % showed a markedly reduced level of performance. Response stability was moderately reduced in 73.00 % of the students, while the remaining 13.00 % exhibited a significant decrease. We found no statistical differences in simple visual-motor response indicators between the groups of male and female respondents. Conclusions: The functional state of the central nervous system of technical college students is characterized by pronounced neuropsychic tension, decreased performance, increased fatigue, as well as reduced attention and decreased concentration.

Preparing technical university students for self-study of a foreign language

Problem. The development of student autonomy in learning a foreign language (FL) is an important aspect of the theory and practice of foreign language teaching, since the study of FL does not complete in the classroom, but should continue throughout life, and the task of the teacher in the process of formal education is to help students develop useful and lasting language habits for effective independent work. Goal. Identifying and substantiating the main pedagogical components, the implementation of which ensures successful FL autonomous learning by students of a technical university. Methodology. Based on the analysis of literature and our own experience, the following components of the successful development of student autonomy in learning FL were identified, such as the presence of positive motivation; the role of the teacher in developing autonomous learning skills; availability and accessibility of resources that enable autonomous learning; mastering self-education strategies; skills in modern information and computer technologies; using the flipped classroom approach. Results. The essence and importance of each of the components that ensure successful FL autonomous learning by technical university students are revealed, namely: the main intrinsic motive that determines the quality of learning is cognitive interest; teachers are expected not only initiate autonomy, but also teach students to be autonomous, help them choose the most effective self-learning strategies, draw up a long-term plan for self-education, teach self-assessment and reflection; learning resources should have high educational potential; it is necessary to widely use the advantages of multimedia Internet resources, including mobile ones, which provide opportunities for the development of necessary language skills, as well as the individualization of learning taking into account the interests and abilities of language learners; students should be familiarized with the widest possible range of strategies so that they can choose those that suit their psychotype, correspond not only to their goals and objectives, but also to their time and physiological capabilities; the use of the flipped classroom approach allows students to master the material at their own pace, thanks to video lectures that are always available on the Internet. Originality. The main components of the educational process are identified and characterized, which make it possible to purposefully prepare students for FL self-study. Practical value. Conclusions and practical recommendations of the article will help teachers of a foreign language to structure their activities in preparing students for independent mastery of a FL, focusing on the components highlighted in the article.

Formation of professional competence in students of industry mechanical engineering specialties at chemistry tuition

The peculiarities of chemical education in training future specialists of the machine-building industry in the conditions of distance learning were considered. The need to update the content and quality of chemistry education based on a competency-based approach according to its structure was founded. A thorough review of the created distance course "1M Chemistry " and the algorithm for the formation of competencies in it according to Bloom's taxonomy, i.e. according to six main categories: knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation were provided. The relevance of a purposeful, competent approach to the teaching of chemical material for the students of the Faculty of Mechanics and the importance of an emphasis in the distance chemistry course on the practical orientation of education, a combination of informational and problem-based methods of teaching the material were shown. Package of test tasks and calculation tasks of various levels of complexity were developed for the formation of the competence to analyze and evaluate. The role of independent work of students as a separate element of the distance course for the formation of higher-order cognitive skills that allow students to work at a creative level was proven. An analysis of students' assimilation of theoretical material and the ability to apply theoretical knowledge to solve problems of different levels of complexity was carried out. A diagram of students' qualitative success according to different types of knowledge diagnosis was presented. The ability of students to establish the correspondence between theoretical knowledge and the ability to apply it practically was assessed. Organizational and pedagogical conditions that allow the effective formation of professional competences when teaching chemistry in a technical university of a non-chemical profile were determined. The possibility of improving chemical education of students due to the development of educational and methodological materials in the distance course, which create an opportunity not only to form a system of subject skills and abilities, but also to carry out a qualitative diagnosis of the acquired knowledge in the discipline, was shown. Provision of effective teaching of chemistry based on new information and educational technologies and a modern strategy for effective training of qualified personnel were implemented

ОСНОВНЫЕ ЭТАПЫ РАЗВИТИЯ КАФЕДР, ВЕДУЩИХ ПОДГОТОВКУ ТЕПЛОТЕХНИКОВ И ТЕПЛОЭНЕРГЕТИКОВ В ДОНЕЦКОМ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОМ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОМ УНИВЕРСИТЕТЕ

Donetsk National Technical University, established in 1921, has become the largest center for training highly qualified engineers and scientists. The article presents the stages of development of heat engineering and heat power directions of Donetsk National Technical University at the departments of “Technical Thermophysics” and “Industrial Heat and Power Engineering”. Over the long history of the existence of the two departments, more than five thousand students have been trained. The teams of both departments continue active scientific and pedagogical activities, preserving historical traditions and continuity of scientific schools.

Foreign experience of software testing engineers training: analysis of educational standards and programs of American universities

The article aims to explore the U.S. educational system's approach to training software testing specialists, highlighting specific features and methodologies. The study involves analyzing key standards for IT engineer training in the USA, such as the ACM/IEEE Computer Science Curricula, ABET Accreditation Criteria, ISTE Standards for Educators, and CSTA K-12 Computer Science Standards, their overall context and targeting, as well as the inclusion of both fundamental and IT-specific disciplines into their content. In the study of each standard, particular emphasis was placed on defining the place and teaching methods of theory and practice of software testing in the university curriculum guidelines. As it was revealed in the analysis, despite the extremely similar interpretation of basic concepts and practices in the context of software testing, opinions about the methodology of their teaching and the need to study as a separate discipline, differ in a set of reviewed standards. Additionally, the research examines training programs at leading American universities, including MIT, Stanford, and Carnegie Mellon University, to identify how software testing and quality assurance are reflected in their curricula, covering full-time training programs for students in computer science, software engineering and similar related fields. The analysis examined programs in both general and basic disciplines in the context of information technology, and specific to a certain technological or organizational area, such as mobile device development or IT project management. The content of the subjects, the list of modules and lectures, as well as tasks for extracurricular work, available in open sources, was also analyzed and searched for topics related to quality assurance or software testing. As revealed in the study, in most technical universities testing is not covered within a separate discipline, but is taught as a part of ones related to development practices. However, some training programs, in particular the Master's level, still have disciplines, devoted exclusively to quality control, testing management and automation

Технология изготовления образцов из композитных материалов для проведения лабораторных испытаний

Based on the accumulated experience of the staff of the Institute of Marine Technologies, Energy and Transport of the Astrakhan State Technical University, the development of the production of various parts of ship hulls, elements of main and auxiliary power plants, including various fasteners and stanchions, using additive technology and other methods of forming composite materials has begun. During the implementation of the developed direction, issues arise of reducing the cost, weight of manufactured parts and improving the characteristics of sound absorption, sound insulation, vibration isolation, etc. Despite the fact that adhesives based on epoxy or polyester resin, according to technical documentation, are fast-curing adhesives, they are not applicable for the production of products using three-dimensional printing technologies. for several reasons. The factors preventing the use of materials for the production of such parts are listed: the minimum curing time of one layer of glue under optimal conditions is from one and a half hours or more, which significantly increases the interlayer time interval; the glue layer is not a self-supporting structure due to the fact that it is in a liquid state during the induction period; products made of this adhesive without reinforcement cannot withstand the required dynamic loads. In the process of experimental studies, a number of formulations based on polyester resin with different fillers were obtained, which have the necessary consistency to apply layers on top of the previous one without waiting for curing, and also contain the necessary amount of reinforcing material and other fillers required to solve problems related to vibration isolation and sound insulation.

Взаимосвязь инновационных и классических методик профессиональной направленности обучения физике в техническом вузе

The introduction of two forms of conducting a laboratory workshop in physics for students for engineering and technology studies in the sphere of marine heat and power engineering, electrical equipment and automation means is considered to the process of studying at the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Astrakhan State Technical University”. The possibility of developing students' working skills in natural conditions with industrial devices and an engineering approach taking into account the multifactorial conditions of the experiment as an independent work in the framework of the workshop of technical creativity Applied Physics organized at the Department of General Engineering Disciplines and Ground Transport is shown. The formation of the professional orientation of interdisciplinary connections of students of the specialty Thermal Power Engineering and Heat Engineering is illustrated by the example of the development of the laboratory work Determination of the specific heat capacity of metals. The advantages of virtual laboratory work and the possibility of their use on the educational portal of the “Astrakhan State Technical University”, built on the Moodle virtual learning environment, are examined. An example of creating a virtual laboratory work Studying the law of conservation of momentum is considered. It is theoretically proved that the introduction of these types of work into the educational process in physics contributes to the optimally effective formation of general professional competencies and the professional orientation of students' education. The importance of introducing these types of laboratory work into the educational process of physics at the university for the development of students' analytical abilities, creativity and innovation, which is a prerequisite for studying of modern engineers in demand in the labor market in a rapidly changing world, is shown.

Use of basic programming tools to foster programming logic in university students with school preparation other than computer science

Teaching programming logic to students who do not have a background in computer science is challenging, as the instructor has to awaken problem-solving, critical thinking, and logical reasoning skills Several programming tools have been created to teach coding concepts to computer science students of different ages. However, these tools are not well designed to meet the challenge of teaching programming to new developers who come with school training in other areas such as accounting, management, etc. Therefore, this research focused on analyzing the importance of the application of online programming tools to students starting college who come with a school background in an area other than technology. A pre/post experimental design was carried out with 82 first-level students of the Technical University of Ambato in the careers of Systems and Electronics. The results revealed that 45% of the students increased their levels of application and analysis in programming processes. In addition, the research revealed that students who come from a background other than computer science agree with the integration of online programming tools from the first level of university entrance since this method helps to improve their learning capacity.

Организация обучения студентов инженерной графике в современных условиях

In the era of higher education digitization, the integration of information and communication technologies (ICTs) into teaching processes raises pertinent questions about what and how to teach students, thereby underscoring the relevance of this article’s topic. This research aims to propose a viable approach to organizing seminars on graphic disciplines within technical universities. Key objectives include theoretical analysis of instructional material presentation, student surveys to determine preferred learning formats, and subsequent analysis of findings. Research methods encompass theoretical analysis of pedagogical literature, synthesis, observation, surveys, and result analysis. The article examines modern instructional methods, highlighting the “flipped classroom” approach. The theoretical significance lies in synthesizing existing practices and offering recommendations for leveraging ICTs in educational practices. Practical significance is demonstrated through case studies applying the flipped classroom model at seminars on descriptive geometry at Bauman Moscow State Technical University and integrating ICTs into teaching engineering graphics at D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia. In conclusion, this study contributes to understanding effective strategies for teaching engineering graphics amidst digital transformations in higher education. The implementation of ICT-enhanced methodologies like the flipped classroom proves beneficial for fostering interactive and engaging learning environments, thereby enhancing educational outcomes in technical disciplines.