Team Players Research Articles

Model characteristics of technical and tactical activity of basketball players at the stage of preparation for higher achievements

The article examines the features of the competitive activity of basketball players who are at the stage of preparation for higher achievements. Presented are model characteristics of implementation of technical and tactical actions by basketball players aged 18-20, taking into account their role in the game. The need to take playing time into account when building model characteristics of technical and tactical actions is well-founded. The players of the youth national teams (U 20) show a tendency to increase the quality of the implementation of various shots in the match (two-point, three-point, free throw) in comparison with the players of the youth national teams (U 18). Significant differences (p<0.05) in terms of these indicators were observed in basketball players playing the central player position (49,91±17,06 vs. 55,06±12,47).
 According to such technical and tactical actions as block shots and steals of the ball, the basketball players of the youth national teams (U 18) were reliably ahead of the players of the youth national teams (U 20) (0,18±0,30 vs. 0,10±0.21, 2,19±1, 24 vs. 1,87±1,07, respectively). Considered possible directions of using the developed models during the training of basketball players of youth teams and prospective methodical provisions for creating reference models of technical and tactical activity for the best basketball players within the framework of a specific game role.

Association of self-efficacy and faculty support on students’ readiness for practice

BackgroundThe nursing shortage is apparent again after nearly five decades of having a stable workforce. One novel development is that new Registered Nurses (RNs) are exiting their careers too early. Many of them leave the profession for multiple reasons such as burnout and family obligations, yet one reason has emerged – lack of readiness for practice, that also drives the RNs to leave the profession. PurposeThe purpose of this study was twofold — (1) to investigate the relationship between students' characteristics, their Generalized Self-Efficacy (GSE), Perceived Faculty Support (PFS), the Assessment Technologies, Inc. (ATI) Comprehensive Predictor RN Exam scores and their self-report of readiness for practice and (2) to examine which variables best explains the students' readiness for practice. MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive correlational research design with convenience sampling was utilized. Descriptive statistics were obtained to investigate the students' socio-demographic data. The Pearson r and multiple regression were used to analyze the relationships and influence between dependent variables Casey-Fink Readiness for Practice scale (CFRPS) and independent variables, students' characteristics, GSE, PFS, and ATI scores. ResultsOne hundred forty-three (143) out of 416 students in five baccalaureate schools from the western region of the United States participated in the survey. Findings showed GSE and PFS had significant positive correlations with students' readiness for practice. Further, factors of CFRPS in learning strategies, problem-solving, resourcefulness, and team player are best explained by GSE and PFS, accounting for 91 % of the variance. ConclusionStudents' GSE and PFS can contribute to their readiness for practice. Nurse educators must employ strategies that will bolster students' preparedness by improving their sense of self-efficacy and showing them the utmost faculty support.

Mind the Gap: Comparison of External Load and Load Variation Between a Reserve Team in a 1-Game Week Microcycle and Its First Team in a 2-Game Week Microcycle Within an Elite Professional Soccer Club.

Carpels, T, Scobie, N, Macfarlane, NG, and Kemi, OJ. Mind the gap: comparison of external load and load variation between a reserve team in a 1-game week microcycle and its first team in a 2-game week microcycle within an elite professional soccer club. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): e235-e242, 2024-The aim of this study was to quantify and compare weekly external load and within-week load variation of reserve team players (RES) in a 1-game week microcycle to first team players (FT) in a 2-game week microcycle within the same professional soccer club. External load data were collected between 2017 and 2020 for the following parameters: duration, total distance (TD), total high-speed distance (THSD; >19.8 km·h -1 ), high-speed distance (HSD; 19.8-25.2 km·h -1 ), sprint distance (SD; >25.2 km·h -1 ), number of sprints (number of efforts >25.2 km·h -1 ), number of high-speed efforts (number of HS efforts >19.8 km·h -1 ), meters per minute (m·min -1 ), and high-speed meters per minute (HS m·min -1 ). First team players were subcategorized into starters (ST) and nonstarters (NST). Intergroup differences in cumulative weekly load and weekly load patterns were statistically analyzed, whereas training monotony (TM) was quantified to assess intragroup, within-week, load variation. Reserve team players showed similar weekly loads to ST, apart from significant differences ( p < 0.005) in duration (8%), TD (21%), and HS efforts (16%). Similar to ST, RES showed greater values than NST ( p < 0.0005) for duration (10%), TD (9%), THSD (30%), HSD (26%), SD (45%), sprints (40%), and HS efforts (22%). Weekly patterns in RES were different from ST and NST ( p < 0.05). Training monotony was highest for NST for all parameters, apart from the number of sprints. Reserve team players need to be prepared to cope with cumulative weekly loads and the lack of recovery between games that ST face. However, when RES become NST, effective loading strategies need to be designed within the limits of 2-game week microcycles to ensure continuous development.

Team players and helpers – describing professional identity among finnish physicians in a cross-sectional study

BackgroundEvery physician has a unique professional identity. However, little is known about the diversity of identities among physicians. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the professional identity of physicians in Finland using descriptions of professional identity.MethodsThis study was part of a larger cross-sectional Finnish Physician 2018 Study. The target population consisted of all Finnish physicians under the age of 70 (N = 24,827) in 2018. The sample was drawn from physicians born on even numbered days (N = 11,336) using the Finnish Medical Association register. A total of 5,187 (46%) physicians responded. Professional identity was examined by 27 given characterisations using a five-point Likert scale. Multivariate logistic regression was used in assessing how place of work, graduation year and gender were associated with identity descriptions.ResultsThe descriptions which most physicians identified with were “member of a working group/team” (82%), “helper” (82%), and “health expert” (79%); the majority reported these as describing them very or quite well. Identity descriptions such as “prescriber of medications” (68% vs. 45%), “prioritiser” (57% vs. 35%) and “someone issuing certificates” (52% vs. 32%) were more popular among junior than senior physicians. The biggest differences between the genders were found in the descriptions “provider of comfort” (62% vs. 40%) and “someone engaged in social work” (45% vs. 25%), with which women identified more frequently than men.ConclusionsStrong identification as a member of a team is an important finding in the increasingly multiprofessional world of health care. Importantly, most physicians shared several core professional identity descriptions (i.e., helper, health expert) that reflect the traditional image of an exemplary doctor.

Peculiarities of teaching the players of the student mini-football team basic individual actions when picking up the ball

Mini-football is a unique, universal team game that requires every player to be as efficient as possible in both attack and defense. Among the many factors that affect the result of matches in mini-football, and, accordingly, the result of sports activities, there is no doubt the level of technical training of each team player. From our point of view, the issue of teaching the basic individual actions of the players of the student mini-soccer team when selecting the ball is extremely important and insufficiently studie. In the article, an attempt is made to reveal the peculiarities of training the players of the student mini-football team in such basic individual actions when picking up the ball as: defensive stance, walking, running, dashing, jumping, stopping.&#x0D; The purpose of the research is to reveal the peculiarities of teaching players of the student mini-football team basic individual actions when picking up the ball. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic and person-oriented approach with the aim of analyzing scientific publications and methodical sources, as well as analyzing basic individual defensive game actions and identifying important features of training players of the student mini-soccer team to individual actions when selecting the ball. The work uses a multi-level systematic analysis of scientific sources based on philosophical, general-scientific, partial-scientific and specific-scientific levels of knowledge.&#x0D; Scientific novelty. With the help of the conducted research, important features of teaching the players of the student mini- soccer team basic individual actions when picking up the ball were revealed. Conclusions. The question of the basic individual actions of players when selecting the ball in mini-football is important and insufficiently studied. During the study, the peculiarities of learning the following basic individual actions of the players of the student team when picking up the ball in mini-football were revealed: defensive stance, walking, running, dashing, jumping, stopping.

Pedagogical control of the training process of football players in the conditions of an institution of higher education

The article discusses some aspects of the pedagogical control of training process of football players. In particular we studied the content of the training process and the dynamics of indicators which characterize specific speed and coordination, and power-speed abilities of football players of higher education establishment due to the implementation during the preparatory period of annual macrocycle experimental program of special physical training. The purpose of the study is to control the training process, as well as the functional and physical fitness of football players of the student team of the Kyiv National University of Technology and Design in order to identify a rational ratio of physical training during the preparatory period. Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological and special literature, pedagogical observation, timing, functional diagnostics, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. Analysis of the results indicates the presence of reserves for development of physical qualities that determine the effectiveness of competitive activity in football, which determines the need to increase the share of means of high-speed qualities and endurance in the preparatory period of the annual training cycle of football players.

Level of physical fitness and physical development of volleyball players

In modern volleyball, the physical training of athletes acquires special importance in connection with the expansion of the range of game actions, the increase in the tension of the game, which requires maximum physical effort from athletes in situations that change quickly on the volleyball court.&#x0D; The purpose of the work is to determine the level of physical fitness and physical development of volleyball players based on the results of pedagogical testing.&#x0D; Research results. The study was conducted at Polis National University (10 team players, trainer-teacher: A. P. Denisovets). Pedagogical testing was conducted, in which 10 volleyball players of the student team took part. In the pedagogical testing, the following control exercises were used to assess the development of motor skills: long jump from a standing position, jumping up from a standing position, jumping up from a running run according to Abalakov), bending and extending the arms in a resting position while lying down, lifting the trunk into a sitting position from a lying position, throwing stuffed ball weighing 1 kg, "shuttle" run 4×9 m and a combined test.&#x0D; The results of the study indicate that volleyball players have different levels of physical fitness. The results of hand and static dynamometry show that the highest indicators are observed in players who perform the role of the first pace, followed by players of the second pace. Linking players have a lower level of physical fitness.&#x0D; Based on a study of the physical development of volleyball players, it was established that their average body length was 185 cm, and their average weight was 75 kg. First pace players had a height advantage compared to other playing roles, although libero players were shorter compared to other players. These data indicate a tendency to favor tall players in the formation of teams, regardless of their qualification and competition rank.&#x0D; Conclusions. The conducted research will enable specialists and coaches to determine the optimal ways of planning to improve indicators of physical fitness and physical development of volleyball players, both during educational and training sessions of groups improving the sportsmanship of students and highly qualified athletes at all stages of multi-year improvement.

The Efficiency of Romanian Players, Compared Between the Two National Competitions: Romanian Cup and National League, During the 2021-2022 Season

Premises: Completing this kind of research is making it easier to gather, process and analyse these types of data to create a database that would house all the information related to the players' behaviour and tendencies and help coaches take objective decisions in real time during games. Subject of research: All data and analysis were completed based on three Romanian players, part of the U-BT Cluj-Napoca basketball team, during the 2021-2022 season, and their performance in both the Romanian Cup and the National League competitions. Method: The research was completed based on main and relevant reference points from the already published literature. Data collection was done through examination and recording of key parameters specific to the game of basketball. The subsequent analysis of data was completed utilizing statistical and mathematical methods. Hypothesis: Documenting and understanding the various tendencies within their play for the members within the team are critical for a coach to be able to make robust decisions. Comparing and studying the player's performances and results in competition games allows for a better, realistic appreciation of each player's contribution and role within the team, which in turn makes the coach’s decisions optimal. Results: The statistics for the young Romanian players (U23) – shooting percentages, offensive and defensive rebounds, interceptions, blocks, assists, turnovers, points scored are presented and analysed. Based on that, a comparative model was completed regarding the performance of the Romanian players in the respective two national competitions: Romanian Cup and National League, that have different rules related to number and presence of Romanian players in the game, throughout the game. In the Romanian Cup, the rule says that each team must play with two (2) Romanian players on the field for the entire game, of which at least one is under 23 years old, compared to the National League where the rule says that each team should play with at least one (1) Romanian player on the field the entire game, and additionally the player should be under 23 years old during the 1st and 2nd quarter and the 2nd quarter. Conclusion: Observing, recording, processing, and analysing data/statistics of the game provides the coach with objective data which he can use to better know the players, the overall evolution of the team and thus make more correct decisions during games. The comparative analysis of the data shows that, in the Romanian Cup, the players have a better game performance, due to the more playing time compared to the National League, where the playing time is reduced by half. By adopting the rules used in the Romanian Cup, the efficiency of young players increases, thus contributing to raising the value of the team and implicitly to increasing the value of native players for representative teams. Keywords: basketball, players, men, Cluj-Napoca, Romanian Cup, National League.

An Analysis of Politeness Comments by Indonesian National Team Football Players on Governor Ganjar Pranowo's Instagram

Politeness plays a crucial role in effective communication. A common challenge in communication is the expression of politeness on social media. This article examines the politeness strategies employed by Indonesian national football team players in their comments on Ganjar Pranowo’s Instagram post discussing Indonesia’s unsuccessful bid to host the U-20 World Cup. Brown and Levinson’s theory (1987) serves as the basis for analyzing the politeness strategy. The research follows a descriptive-qualitative approach. The study relies on netizens’ comments as the primary source of data. Data collection involves documentation methods and refer to note-taking procedures. This study involved a close examination of statements made by football national team players on Ganjar Pranowo’s Instagram account. The study results are (1) three types of positive politeness strategies, two types of negative politeness strategies, and two types of off-record strategies. Positive Politeness strategy 4: Exaggerate 2 (66.67%) and Joke 1 (33.33%). Regarding Negative Politeness, the analysis reveals 2 strategies: Be Pessimistic 1 (50%) and General Requirements 1 (50%). Off-record strategies include Contradictory 1 (50%) and Ironic 1 (50%). The Exaggerate type of Positive Politeness is assumed to be the most dominant, accounting for 2 (66.67%) instances. One can conclude that individuals demonstrate politeness when using social media.&#x0D; Keywords: Instagram post, politeness strategies, U-20 World Cup

Letter from the Former Editor-in-Chief for 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 periods: Happy 30th volume and 35th Birthday, European Journal of Therapeutics!

Dear Colleagues, I am very pleased to share this editorial with you in commemoration of the 35th Anniversary and the 30th Volume of the European Journal of Therapeutics (Eur J Ther), formerly Gaziantep Medical Journal (Gaziantep Med J), where I served as Editor-in-Chief with great honour between 2011-2012 and 2013-2014. The journal, which started its publication life in 1990 with the great efforts of Dr. Sabri Güngör, was initially published in two issues a year [1]. In 2009, it continued as three issues a year [2], and in 2014, during the period of our Editor-in-Chief, it started to be published as four issues a year [3]. While celebrating the thirty-fifth Anniversary and the thirtieth Volume of the journal in the February 2024 issue (Vol: 30, No: 1), I would also like to express my great happiness that it will be published six issues a year from now on. When I was the Editor-in-Chief of the journal, there was no professional publisher support. We had not received any financial support during that time. So, we had to work hard to publish the issues on time. We managed to publish issues in both online and print versions. We used our university's printing office. I must indicate that I am very grateful to the director and workers of the printing office for their enormous help in publishing the printed issues of the journal at that time. As the Editor-in-Chief of the journal, I compiled all the previously published issues, converted them into PDF files, and formed the archives of the journal. We made the first attempt to increase the number of editorial board members by including foreign editors. It was one of the steps to becoming an international journal. We started to accept articles written in English. After all this work, we applied for indexing the journal with different organizations, and we received positive returns. I believe that the former, current, and future editors are fighting in a long-term relay race as players of the same team. As one of the former Editor-in-Chiefs, I would like to express that I will always provide all the support I can for the further development of the journal, and I would like to thank all the editors who have contributed to the further development of the journal through this editorial. Yours sincerely

They didn’t know what they got till the crowd was gone

This paper revisits the relationship between Covid-19-related full and partial absence of stadium attendance and match outcomes, analyzing five seasons of the top tier of professional football in the Netherlands. Empty stadiums caused home advantages to disappear completely due to home teams scoring fewer goals. Additionally, in empty stadiums, away teams received fewer yellow cards. This persisted even when stadiums were filled to a maximum of one-third of their capacity. Under these circumstances, there were no effects on team performance. Thus, it is improbable that referee decisions were the intermediary factor influencing team performance. Players of home teams appear to have been directly and adversely affected by the absence of stadium crowds.

Политический имидж в электоральный период: по материалам избирательной кампании в Нижегородской области в 2023 году

The content of the political image of one of the regional Russian leaders during the electoral period (elections of heads of Russian constituent entities in 2023) is studied in the article. The purpose of the paper is to identify the features of the symbolic and semantic content of the network image of a regional political leader during the pre-election period. Fulfillment of the set research goal is carried out using the concept of the image-role construct and methods of content analysis (qualitative-quantitative type) and comparative analysis. The information array is consisted of text records posted on the official website of the Governor of the Nizhny Novgorod Region G. S. Nikitin on “VKontakte” and in his Telegram-channel, for the period from May to September 2023. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that the most popular image-role construct on both Internet platforms was “economic manager”. Next in frequency of occurrence are such constructs as “team player”, “a leader who is aware of various details of current problems» and «a leader looking to the future”. The conclusion was made about the closeness of the occurrence frequency indicators of different symbolic and semantic constructs within the image of a leader presented within the two indicated network communication channels (on the official page on “VKontakte” and in the Telegram-channel).

Comparison of Nutrition among Female Floorball Players of Extra-Class Teams from Poland and the Czech Republic during the Preparation Period for the League Season.

The study aimed to assess the frequency of food intake and to compare the consumption of female extramural players training floorball in Poland and the Czech Republic during the preparation period for the league season. In total, 43 players training floorball in senior clubs participated in the study, including 21 from the Polish and 22 from the Czech clubs. The research tool was based on the standardised questionnaire for the Examination of Eating Behaviours and Opinions on Food and Nutrition (QEB). The study also analysed body composition using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method, and the research tool was a TANITA MC-780 S MA body composition analyser (Tanita Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The Polish women's floorball players had lower results in body fat percentage (FM) and muscle mass (MM) than the Czech team. The mean FM in the players of the Polish team was 18.6% ± 5.4, and the mean MM was 45.8 kg ± 4.2. In the Czech team players, these figures were 19.8% ± 5.4 and 47.8 kg ± 4.2. Despite the similar value of mean BMI in both teams, the highest BMI in the case of female athletes from Poland (17.7), indicating underweight, and the highest BMI in female athletes from the Czech Republic (26.9), indicating overweight, were significant. The study showed differences in both body composition analysis and dietary patterns of the Czech and Polish players. The Czech women's floorball players had a higher muscle mass and body fat percentage than Polish floorball players. Furthermore, differences in diet were observed among the players of the Czech team compared to the players of the Polish team. The Czech women's floorball players consumed a slightly higher amount of healthier products, such as whole-grain products. The Polish players took in more meat, processed products and fruit juices. This study is one of the first to assess the nutrition of those involved in floorball. There is a need for further research that focuses on the specifics of the discipline, the exercise capacity of the players and points during the season that require nutritional support. This knowledge would help develop effective nutritional strategies and plan and implement appropriate nutrition education for this group of athletes.

Emotional arousal and its relationship to psychological security for the players of the Thi-Qar University team in team group games in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences

Abstract: The first chapter includes the introduction and the importance of the research as the researcher investigate the process of preparing the psychological aspects of the player and its significant impact on his/her performance, in addition to the physical, skill, planning and technical aspects. The research problem is focused on the hypothesis that the psychological state of team players plays an important role in reaching the highest levels of sports that qualify them to play in matches, and this comes through the correct psychological preparation during the training process. The aim of the research is to identify the reality of levels of emotional arousal and psychological security and in addition to determine the nature of the relationship between them for the players of the team of Thi-Qar University in team players games. The second chapter includes the research methodology and field procedures where the researcher used the descriptive approach. The research sample consists of (83) players selected from the players of the Thi- Qar University team for the activities; football, basketball, handball, volleyball and gymnasium and in the academic year (2018-2019). In the fourth chapter we analysis and discuss of the results, and the fifth chapter includes some conclusions and recommendations. Among the most important conclusions, the research sample shows high emotional arousal and states an inverse relationship between emotional arousal and the psychological security.

The range of motion of some joints of the body and its relationship to the accuracy of the performance of the transmitter facing from the top (Tennessee) in volleyball for the Kirkuk University team players

The aim of the research is to identify the relationship between the range of motion of some joints of the player's body and the accuracy of the performance of the skill of the transmitter facing from the top (Tennessee) in the effectiveness of volleyball, and the two researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method for its suitability and the nature of the research. The research sample included (6) six players from the team of University of Kirkuk Volleyball for the academic year(2019-2020). Test, measurement and analysis of the content of previous studies were used as means to collect data for the research, and the two researchers used (the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation of Pearson and percentage) statistical methods to process the data, and the researchers concluded that the range of motion of the joints of the body A large and effective role in the technical performance of the tennis-serving skill facing in volleyball, especially the wrist and trunk joints, as well as recording the research sample. Accuracy of performance in the studied skill reached (80%), which is a high accuracy rate.

The Effect of a Proposed Psychological Program with Mental Imagery on the Competitive Performance of the Football Team Players at Yarmouk University

The study aimed to identify the effect of a proposed psychological program with mental imagery on the competitive performance of the football team players at Yarmouk University ) 2021-2022). The researchers used the experimental method, and the study sample consisted of (18) players who were randomly divided into two groups: The experimental group applied the proposed mental imagery program in addition to the regular training program. As for the control group, they applied the regular training program alone. The study tool consisted of the competitive behavior scale (Harris, 1984), which was arabized by (Allawi, 1998), where the scale consisted of (20) phrases, and the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, paired sample T-test and Independent sample T-test were used. The stability coefficient was calculated using Cronbach's Alpha method, and the repetition stability (Test. R. test) by Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the pre- and post- measurements for the experimental group in favor of the post measurement, and that there were no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-measurements of the control group, while there are statistically significant differences in the post measurement between the control and experimental groups and in favor of the members of the experimental group.

The effect of an educational curriculum according to mental maps in learning the effectiveness of 100m hurdles for the female coaches of the Ministry of Education team

&#x0D; Learners at all levels face confusion in the process of learning new skills, or usually, the methods of learning for skills are traditional and routine, which causes the lack of learning in an optimal way, which is known as the problems of learning. Barriers in all its stages for female students The aim of the research was to - identify the effect of the educational curriculum according to mental maps in learning to perform the effectiveness of 100 m barriers for players. The researcher defined her research community with students from the first ten Karkh Education Team players, who are (10) students, and the researcher chose a sample of his entire research by (10) students and the researcher used experimental design, with a single group to suit the nature of the problem and the researcher used the statistical bag (SPSS) and used (middle) Arithmetic, standard deviation, T-test for analog samples, torsional coefficient) to extract its results. The most important conclusions - the effect of the educational program according to mental maps positively on motor physical intelligence and creative thinking. - The educational program, according to the mental maps, had a positive effect on learning to perform a run of 100 meters. - Mind maps provided objective information on the level of neuromuscular compatibility in working muscles for the effectiveness of running 100 m hurdles.The most important recommendations came: - The necessity of using mental maps prepared for female students, and in special preparation specifically. - The need to use mental mapping techniques in order to provide objective information about the level of compatibility with the neuromuscular effort. - The need to use mental maps, as it has an effect in accelerating the learning process.&#x0D; &#x0D;

The motor response and its relationship to the accuracy of the performance of the high preparation skill in volleyball for juniors

&#x0D; Introduction and the importance of the research: The development of the player's motor response represents the main goal that the coach seeks to achieve in the physical preparation period The Plane . Research problem: In view of the lack of scientific studies that are concerned with studying the skill of high numbers in volleyball and as a result of the use of traditional educational methods that did not take into account the development of the player's ability to respond to the movement leading to the development of the level of accuracy in skillful performance. Research objectives : To identify the correlation between the motor response and the accuracy of performing the high preparation skill in volleyball for juniors. Research hypotheses: There is a significant correlation between the motor response and the accuracy of the high numbers of junior volleyball players. The human field: the juniors of the Maysan volleyball team (2022). The researcher used the descriptive approach due to its suitability to the nature and objectives of the research. The research community and sample are the well-trained players of the Maysan youth national team.. Presenting and analyzing the results of the pre and post tests of the two research groups and discussing them. Discussing the results of the post-test for the two groups under discussion in the tests of the accuracy of the high preparation of junior volleyball. Conclusions and Recommendations: Conclusions: The experimental group achieved better results in the physical and skill tests than the control group under study. Recommendations: The researcher recommends the need to adopt the special educational approach in developing the motor response by volleyball coaches. The researcher recommends the need to adopt the special educational curriculum in developing the motor response by volleyball coaches.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Offensive tactical thinking and its relationship to intelligence for youth soccer players in Al-Muthanna Governorate clubs

&#x0D; The tactical preparation is the container in which all types of preparation (physical, skillful, psychological, and cognitive (mental) are mixed. The integration, mixing and interdependence of the types of these preparations helps positively in preparing a good plan. All of this contributes to achieving the goal of sports training, which is winning matches. Thus, the importance of The research deals with the tactical aspect of the study as one of the important aspects in the numbers of soccer players, and an important element of level determination because of its great importance in deciding the outcome of the match. Developing them, and this requires them to train and exercise continuously so that the players can know all their tactical capabilities and fully realize what each colleague will do, and know how to take advantage of the individual advantages of each of them in all playing situations. The aim of the research is to identify the relationship between tactical and offensive thinking and intelligence for club players Al-Muthanna Governorate with youth football, and the researchers hypothesized that there is a significant relationship between offensive tactical thinking and intelligence. The descriptive approach is based on the methods of survey, correlational, and normative studies, due to its suitability in achieving the objectives of the research. The research community included players of Al-Muthanna Governorate clubs for the football season (2021-2022), whose number is (137) players, distributed among the following sports clubs: (Samawah, Al-Muthanna, Al-Salman, Al-Khader The RAVEN test for successive matrices was applied to measure intelligence, and after conducting the requirements required to prepare the tactical thinking test in the offensive third of the football field in its final form, which consisted of (55) items, the offensive tactical thinking test was applied Raven's intelligence test on the research sample. The researchers concluded that it was found to build a test of offensive tactical thinking for the players of Muthanna Governorate football clubs, as well as the existence of a positive significant relationship between the level of offensive tactical thinking with the intelligence variable of football players. The researchers recommended the use of the offensive tactical thinking test (offensive tactical positions) by football coaches. And the coaches emphasize the importance of the level of intelligence when choosing the players of the football team, along with developing the tactical thinking and knowledge of the football players during the training units. As well as benefiting from the test as a training program to develop thinking, tactical knowledge and offensive tactical behavior for football players.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

The effect of special exercises in the development of rolling and accuracy of scoring for football players

The rolling and accuracy of the scoring is one of the most important skills in the football of the halls and is considered by most specialists to be the main link between the other skills. Hence the problem of research in conducting scientific research for special exercises based on scientific bases to show their effect on the development of rolling and accuracy of scoring on the players of football clubs. The research aims to identify the effect of special exercises in the development of rolling and accuracy of scoring for football players of the halls. The researchers assume that there are statistically significant differences in rolling and accuracy of scoring between the tribal and remote tests and the benefit of the post-test. The researchers used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research. The training curriculum was implemented on a sample of the players of the Diyala football team for the gymnasium which were (20) players who were chosen in a deliberate way. The researchers used experimental design with a single experimental group where the experimental group underwent a tribal test to determine their level Before entering the experimental variable (independent), then the group was exposed to the independent variable and then the post-test was performed. The researchers used the statistical bag SPSS to obtain the results, and the researchers reached the following conclusions The special exercises used by the researchers contributed to the development of rolling and accuracy of scoring in the players of the Diyala football team of the halls. The researchers recommend the use of other exercises to develop other physical or motor characteristics