This study aims to promote the return of special physical education to the mainstream education system and ensure the normal advancement of inclusive physical education courses in colleges and universities. Consequently, all educatees can enjoy equal educational resources, obtain comprehensive development, and realize the fairness of education. Based on the grounded theory, the first-line physical education teachers from 6 inclusive and demonstrative colleges and universities in China were selected for in-depth interviews, and 20 pieces of interview materials were collected and sorted. The NVIVO12 software was employed to collate data and determine the risks of inclusive physical education. The results demonstrated that the factors causing school sports injury accidents mainly included human factors, material factors, and management factors. Under the guidance of the three-level prevention theory in the field of medical prevention and medicine, the three-level safety prevention and control concept of sports injury was introduced, and the theoretical model of the safety prevention and control mechanism of special physical education courses was constructed.