The reasons for the problems of music teaching in Chinese colleges and universities are manifold. Firstly, the influence of education system and policy is an important factor. The current education examination system in China pays too much attention to scores and promotion rates, leading schools and teachers to pay more attention to exam-oriented education, and music education often becomes a neglected part. At the same time, the unbalanced distribution of educational resources also makes some colleges and universities with poor music teaching conditions and insufficient teachers to provide high-quality music education. Secondly, the backwardness of the concept of music education is also one of the causes of the problem. In addition, the imperfection of teacher training and selection mechanism is also one of the causes of the problem. At present, the training system for music teachers is not sound, and there is a lack of ways to train music teachers with comprehensive qualities. Meanwhile, the irrationality of the teacher evaluation mechanism also prevents some music teachers with professional skills from getting due recognition and incentives, which leads to the shortage of teachers.