Operational Management Tasks Research Articles

Reproduction of Fixed Assets in the Part of Their Formation as an Object of Management of Enterprises of the Complex Agrarian Economy of Ukraine

The article focuses on developing proposals to justify management decisions concerning the formation of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises. This is considered a crucial component of management of the reproduction of fixed capital, given the complexity of the agrarian economy of Ukraine. The article outlines the spectrum of negative consequences at the micro and macro levels resulting from the disturbance of the proportions of reproduction of fixed capital in agriculture. It emphasizes the significance of enhancing management approaches and tools throughout all stages of the reproduction process.The reproduction of fixed assets is characterized, which determines its specificity as an object of management. The main objects of reproduction management in terms of financial, investment, operational, and marketing management are outlined.The task of operational management of the reproduction of the basic assets of agricultural enterprises, including the formation of an effective system of fund provision of agricultural production, has been determined. The management of material and technical support in the context of its adaptation to institutional, macroeconomic, industry, and market factors is considered. The study considers the factors of the complexity of the agrarian economy, the peculiarities of agricultural production, the market of industry technical means, and the market of agricultural services.The need to apply alternative options for the material and technical support of production in agricultural enterprises has been proven: the purchase of own machines and equipment or the use of agro-technological services from third-party organizations. The task of management is to justify the expediency of one of the alternative options or their combination, taking into account the size of the company’s land.An algorithm for determining the appropriate format of technical and technological support for production in agricultural enterprises is proposed. By applying the algorithm, calculations have been made for farms that specialize in the cultivation of grain crops. Proposals have been developed for agricultural producers regarding the optimal option for the formation of material and technical support for agricultural production depending on the area of their lands.

THE EFFICIENCY OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES IN CONDITIONS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

This article explores the operational management of construction enterprises within the framework of public-private partnerships (PPP). It describes the theoretical foundations of operational management, main tasks, methods and tools, as well as the specific features of operational management in PPP construction enterprises. The main tasks of operational management include timely and cost-effective project execution, risk minimization, resource optimization, ensuring construction quality, and meeting customer needs. The authors discuss methods of performance evaluation, coordination, and control mechanisms in managing construction projects under PPP. The article proposes a performance evaluation system for construction enterprises from the perspective of PPP. Emphasis is placed on the importance of risk management in PPP projects. A model of the impact of risk assessment on management decision-making in PPP is formulated. A combined approach to risk assessment is proposed, integrating elements of sensitivity analysis, simulation modelling, and expert evaluation. Recommendations for improving the operational management system and enhancing risk management in PPP are provided. Keywords: operations management, construction enterprise, management tools, strategic partnership, public-private partnership, risk management, performance evaluation, coordination, control.

THE EFFICIENCY OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES IN CONDITIONS OF PUBLICPRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

This article explores the operational management of construction enterprises within the framework of public-private partnerships (PPP). It describes the theoretical foundations of operational management, main tasks, methods and tools, as well as the specific features of operational management in PPP construction enterprises. The main tasks of operational management include timely and costeffective project execution, risk minimization, resource optimization, ensuring construction quality, and meeting customer needs. The authors discuss methods of performance evaluation, coordination, and control mechanisms in managing construction projects under PPP. The article proposes a performance evaluation system for construction enterprises from the perspective of PPP. Emphasis is placed on the importance of risk management in PPP projects. A model of the impact of risk assessment on management decisionmaking in PPP is formulated. A combined approach to risk assessment is proposed, integrating elements of sensitivity analysis, simulation modeling, and expert evaluation. Recommendations for improving the operational management system and enhancing risk management in PPP are provided. Keywords: operations management, construction enterprise, management tools, strategic partnership, public-private partnership, risk management, performance evaluation, coordination, control.

Intelligent Information Technology for Inductive Modeling of Complex Processes on the Basis of Recurrent-and-Parallel Computations

The paper develops a novel intelligent information technology for inductive modeling of complex processes by experimental data, the high level of productivity of which is achieved by applying a new concept of combining the efficiency of recurrent and parallel computations. The implementation of such technology in modern intelligent information-and-analytical systems provides a significant increase in the efficiency and validity of making managerial decisions in the tasks of operational management of complex processes. An example is done of using the developed technology for evaluation and forecast of the investment activity in Ukraine.

Optimization of the length of dispatching polygon sections railways

The article deals with the organization of work of the dispatcher’s office on directions with a high intensity of mixed cargo and passenger traffic. The North Caucasus Railway, which serves the ports of the Azov-Black Sea basin of Russia, and its main busy routes, was chosen as the research site. A methodological approach to determining the length of dispatching sections at the railway landfill within the framework of the Road Traffic Control Center has been developed. At the initial stage of studying the content of the work of train dispatchers, the algorithms developed by the authors are used solving operational management tasks. The analysis of non-optimal actions of the train dispatcher that cause losses in the transportation process is used further to develop a method for estimating losses in operators of problem algorithms based on the interval estimation method by solving a linear programming problem. As a result, based on the assessment of the capabilities of the operational personnel of the railway polygon of the road and the technological cost of delays in movement due to its suboptimal actions, a methodological approach is proposed to determine the length of dispatching sections that provide regulatory control, load level of the dispatcher device.

System approach in optimal management problems for two-stage technological lines

Purpose of work is to research and design process optimization and optimal operational management for a two-stage technological line. Methodology. To achieve the goal, we apply a comprehensive approach, which consists of the formalization and analysis of operational management tasks and technological lines designing.The methods of probability theory are used to determine the optimal level between the maximum bandwidths of the stages of the technological lines and for processing mathematical models of random variables. Research results. The need for a system-wide approach to the management of two-stage technological lines is substantiated, which involves joint consideration of design and operational management tasks. Three optimization problems are considered, which differ in their formulation by initial data, goals and optimization parameters.This is the problem of design optimization when creating equipment, the problem of optimal design of technological schemes and the problem of optimal operational control.These three types of tasks must be considered comprehensively, in mutual connection to achieve a global optimum in terms of the economic criterion.The formalization of such a complex problem for two-stage technological schemes was carried out in a general form and approaches to its solution. The methodology for solving such problems is proposed, based on information about the specific consumption of the resource and the characteristics of the flow of the processed material. Scientific novelty. The formulation of the complex optimization problem for the functioning of two-stage technological lines, including the choice of the equipment and a type of operational management, and a solving approach for the considered problem was provided. Practical significance of work results. The proposed approach makes it possible to find the optimal solution to the problem of management and design of two-stage technological lines from the point of view of the economic criterion.

Implementation process simulation of a technological innovation project in subdivisions of the enterprise

The article examines the peculiarities of the spread and implementation of technological innovations in the company's divisions based on the concept of technological reengineering and its components, taking into account the models of innovative processes of the fourth and fifth generations. It is substantiated that the parameters of the real process of implementing an innovative technological project into production differ from the parameters of the model previously selected as a basis, where the value of the deviation itself is determined by the effectiveness of methods for managing the use of financial funds, taking into account the state of preliminary technical preparation for technological rehabilitation and forecasting the further development of the work execution process by extrapolation assessment of the effective decisions made. The defined main task of operational management to use of financial funds is to ensure maximum coordination of work on the objects of innovation with the aim of the most efficient use of the financial funds at the enterprise and to exclude the possibility of a significant deterioration of the planned and economic indicators in the production process related to the production of the main products. The principles are proposed, on the basis of which models can be built and specific tasks can be formulated regarding the effective planning the start of work in the process of implementing any technological innovation project. It has been established that the most acceptable and realistic alternative is to use heuristic approaches to set the terms for the start of specific works on a technological innovation project. The procedure for monitoring the execution of work on the technological rehabilitation of production was considered. The parameters for assessing the probability of possible additional financial losses associated with the downtime of executors and their general assessment are substantiated, which is important for solving information support issues and developing effective methods of planning and operational regulation of the progress of work on each innovative project during technological rehabilitation. Keywords: modeling, innovations, reengineering, technologies, process, project.

Риск-ориентированный подход к решению задачи оперативного управления расписанием авиакомпании

The paper discusses the problem of optimal regulation of aircraft assignments for airline flights. Due to the fact that the activities of the airline are subject to changes caused by both external and internal environment, the planned schedule needs continuous management and control. In the event when the actual flight schedule deviates from the planned one, it is necessary to promptly make a decision on adjusting (restoring) the schedule and reassigning aircraft. Operational schedule management involves making adjustments to the current schedule from a depth of several hours to several days. The solution to the problem is to determine the unambiguous correspondence of flights and specific aircraft subject to maximizing the likelihood of meeting production targets and observing a number of restrictions. The task of managing airline schedules belongs to the class of scheduling optimization problems for parallel-sequential systems studied within the scheduling theory. It is NP-hard and requires the development of computationally efficient solution algorithms. However, the issue of choosing criteria for the optimization problem deserves special attention, since the correct choice plays an essential role in terms of assessing the effectiveness of decision-making. In the theory of decision-making, no general method for choosing the optimality criteria has been found. The definition of the target criterion depends on the expectations of the production. Within the framework of this paper, an original criterion is proposed for constructing an optimal solution to the discrete problem of managing aircraft assignments, the main idea of which is to find a balance between the duration of the schedule and the number of flights with a negative deviation from the planned schedule by assessing the level of punctuality violation risk. The paper gives a detailed concept of punctuality, describes an approach to assessing the level of risk, and also proposes an original formal formulation of the task of operational management of aircraft assignments based on the criterion of minimizing the risk of violation of flight punctuality.

FEATURES OF USING REMOTE CONTROL SWITCHING DEVICES IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING ACTIVE DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

Widespread introduction of sources of distributed generation in 6-10 kV networks leads to the need to use new technical means and develop an appropriate methodology for controlling regimes. At the same time, the formation of active distribution networks, as a stage of implementation of the Smart Grid concept, envisages, along with their automation, the provision of adequate information monitoring of electricity transmission and distribution processes. Only under these conditions there is a possibility of the decision of many problems of management of operating modes of distribution networks with necessary level of efficiency. Based on this, in this paper the problem of choosing the optimal configuration of the distribution network is considered as a task of operational management. To make economically justified decisions to change the topology of the distribution network, the article developed a new model for predicting the electrical load and output power of distributed generation sources. The peculiarity of this model is its adaptability and the ability to simultaneously predict the values of the relevant parameters of the mode during predetermined time intervals.

Algorithm for assortment planning based on the method of changing probabilities

The paper considers the problem that manufacturing enterprises with complex diversified production are faced with a number of specific problems related to the formation of their range of products (goods). For these problems solving such organizations (sales department, marketing department, commercial service) create a certain service that deals with solving a set of tasks, such as studying demand, searching for goods from suppliers, managing selling prices, determining optimal volumes of production or purchasing goods, managing the assortment of an enterprise, coordinating the actions of other services related to the promotion of goods. The solution of local problems (tasks of operational management) at the level of a separate direction, project, contract, a separate batch of goods due to the extreme variety of products under consideration, puts forward some additional informal requirements and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of solutions, which, due to their diversity and complexity of the strict mathematical description, remain beyond those areas of management theory that operate on formalized data and criteria. Nevertheless, the development of the competitive environment, the tightening requirements for the efficiency of the production use, financial, information assets leads to the impossibility to estimate all possible solutions qualitatively (adequately) and choose a really best alternative (or one of the best solutions). It helps to describe the behaviour of the sales market according to separate goods or product groups taking into account the peculiarities of the consumer’s attitude to a certain set of nomenclature based mainly on objective data reflected in operational records. The paper proposes an algorithm for automating business procedures for preparing draft of decisions on the purchase of batches of goods (пaртий тoвaрoв) in the form of a pseudo-Boolean optimization problem.

Human factors among workers in a small manufacturing enterprise: a case study

ABSTRACT In most small manufacturing enterprise (SME), production planning and scheduling are crucial operational management tasks required. A typical make-to-order company is plagued by frequent absenteeism and abrupt resignation of skilled workers, leading to an increase in late delivery of jobs and rework of returned jobs. The effects of some human factors, for example, job skill, job satisfaction, and job fatigue to mention a few were studied using statistical analysis. It was concluded that human factors may have significant effects on job performance in a SME. To our best knowledge, this conclusion is less known in enterprise systems in general.

Optimization strategies of container terminals

One of the main tasks of operational management of modern container terminals is effective utilization of existing technological resources. The search for possible variants of terminal activity optimization requires constant analysis of transport process technology and development of technical and technological approaches to increase the effectiveness of resources utilization. One of the possible solutions provided by terminal operational systems is the application of different strategies of container stack organization and container selectivity. At the same time, the complicated character of input and output container flow makes the effectiveness of these strategies doubtful. The paper states that this particular manner of container service is different from traditional ones, i.e. FIFO and FILO. As output container flow is randomly distributed the manner of container service can be considered as First In/Random Out. The paper also considers different strategies that are applied in practice and analyzes its influence on the productivity of handling equipment. The results of these strategies simulation modeling are represented. The results prove that no strategy can provide a productivity with theoretical selectivity; any strategy provides slowed intensity of operations. At the same time, it is proved that the only optimization strategy which increases the productivity of handling equipment is the organization of terminal activity whereby containers can be selected from the stack not in requirement sequence, but in order of its position in a stack.

ІНТЕГРОВАНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ: ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ТА ЕТАПИ ЙОГО РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ

The article is devoted to the exploration of the features of integrated enterprise management. The study presents an analysis of recent research and publications on different approaches to enterprise management, highlights various aspects of this activity, as well as: results management, goal management, deviation management, case management, program-target management, etc. The definition of the concept of “integrated enterprise management” as a process of combining any approach to business management into a single approach that is specific to each level of business management is contained in the article. The suitability of different methods in management is determined depending on the situation. Since there are so many factors both inside the enterprise and in the environment, but no one best way to manage enterprise so the most effective method in this situation that best matches the situation that has developed in the article. The work within an integrated enterprise management proposed six stages of implementation, namely: goal setting; establishing specific results for each structural unit and employee; development of action plans to achieve goals and relevant results; realization of goals and achievement of results on the basis of situation management; systematic control, evaluation of results on the basis of deviation management; corrective measures to achieve the goals and planned results. It is suggested in the case of a rapid increase in dangerous situations, lack of sufficient time to comprehend them and draw up appropriate plans to use an anti-crisis program, which should always be prepared and anticipated: unverified storage (monitoring) to expand events for limited enterprises, analysis of results, informing management about everything that deserves his attention; release of operational management tasks on the service group, which should be the necessary resources and savings that can be implemented in their need; create specialized analytical services that promptly prepare responses to decisions and recommendations, applying decisions on the use of emergency communications.

Identification models in flexible delivery systems for groupage cargoes

Abstract The paper considers the task of operational management of groupage cargo transportation by road. The organization of groupage cargo transportation in real practice is carried out on the base of a-priori compiled truck flight schedule. The task of operational management is considered as adaptive correction of the cargo transportation schedule according to the current situation

Dependence of carrier efficiency and cooperation on input order flow

Introduction. The article considers the problem of distribution of available and leased vehicles for servicing the stochastic flow of long-distance freight orders. The content of the problem is that the total amount of jobs should be divided between the available vehicles and those that can be rented from partners, so that the overall efficiency of transport processes and the total profit of the enterprise are maximum. The problem is relevant today because the requirements for carriers are growing, their operational management tasks are becoming more complicated, and effective methods that provide guaranteed accurate optimal solutions are unknown. The purpose of research is to determine the signs of organizational and technological compatibility of transport process tasks, the implementation of which in united flow is effective. The use of such features should lead to a guaranteed accurate solution of the problem of distribution of vehicles with a random nature of input flows. Results. The vehicles ordering that arise stochastically is NP-difficult task of strong sense. Additional classification features of orders are offered, which allow us to find a guaranteed stable solution. This solution is possible due to the fact that compatible or partially compatible orders are pre-combined into sets that are intended to be executed in a single flow, and single vehicle. The model of nonlinear programming is applied. To distribute the dynamic input flow of orders the distribution problem was solved with a stable result. The solution criterion is the total profit that the road carrier can receive with the proposed sequence of orders. Optimization at linear approximation of total profit on signs of compatibility of orders is executed. Conclusions. Structural modeling of the integrated transport process should be carried out for specific signs of compatibility of the incoming flow of orders. A sign of compatibility of orders is the coefficient of time unevenness, has a positive effect on the ability to obtain a higher maximum total profit. Linear approximation of the model gives more than 100% error of results.

Модель информационной поддержки принятия решения при оценке деятельности сотрудников МЧС России

Разработана модель информационной поддержки принятия решений при оценке деятельности сотрудников МЧС России. Проанализированы причинно-следственные связи в процессе их профессиональной деятельности; выделены основные свойства и критерии оценки. Проведен структурно-функциональный анализ процесса принятия решений. Представлены структурные схемы модели информационной системы. Рассмотрены задачи, решаемые должностными лицами. Выведена итоговая система дифференциальных уравнений.

STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE ACCURACY OF THE MOTION ESTIMATION ON THE EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE ORDER OF DISSOLUTION OF THE TRAINS

Purpose. In the face of fierce market competition between different modes of transport, especially important task is improving the competitiveness of rail transport, which can not be achieved without reducing production costs, reduce operational costs and increase the efficiency of operational management. The main task of operational management in marshalling yards is planning of trains forming. Sequence control disbandment of trains in marshalling yards is one of the levers of influence on the processes of trains forming. The goal of management is to reduce the overall operating costs yard. Two optionally-go conditions of use in practice the choice of priority tasks dissolution of trains are the laying of this function on automated control systems and ensuring these systems reliable and accurate prediction of arrival of trains. The aim of this work is to study the impact of forecast accuracy of arrival of trains at the effectiveness of the precedence of their disbandment in marshalling yards. Methodology. Studies were conducted using a simulation model of the railway station Nizhnedneprovsk site at various sizes with the processing of traffic volumes. Model choosing the next disbandment of trains is formalized in the form of stochastic programming problems. Findings. The dependence that describes the effect of the standard deviation of the prediction error motion to reduce operating costs in a yard precedence disbandment n of trains. Originality. It was the first time investigated the economic efficiency of the model of trains disbandment precedence formed on the basis of stochastic programming problems, under revenue forecast arrival times of trains certain accuracy. Practical value. Investigated the association of two important tasks of operational management – predicting the movement of trains and the precedence of their disbandment. The results give an indication of how the requirements should correspond to forecast the arrival of trains to be able to use it in the tasks of operational management, in particular - with precedence dissolution of trains in marshalling yards.

THE OPTIMIZATION OF NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION IN A BLAST FURNACE WHEN CHANGING THE PARAMETERS OF MELTING

This paper presents a model of distribution optimization of energy resources in a blast furnace subject to the changes in parameters of melting. This optimization model can predict the injected fuel parameters in individual blast furnaces in various technological situations of a blast-furnace plant. The usage of the developed module in a modern blast furnace information-modeling system allows solving operational management tasks of blast furnace technology, enhancing the efficiency of decision-making engineering staff in terms of changes in volume of energy resources, instability, composition and the quality of melted iron ore and market conditions.

The development, the integration and the assessment of the existing large-scale IT systems in the area of freedom, security and justice

The abolishment of the internal border checks and the common procedures at the external borders fosters the decision-making of the European Union to establish large-scale IT systems in the area of freedom, security and justice. The decrease of the security deficit by the control of immigration flow consists of three endeavours: the common border control policy, the common visa policy and the common asylum policy. The aim of this paper is to analyse and evaluate the development of the operational management of large-scale IT systems in the area of freedom, security and justice. The development process of these systems is not more than their integration into the so-called IT Agency. This new regulatory agency was established in January 2012. It has merged the operational management tasks of the further developed version of SIS (the SIS II), VIS and EURODAC and it is flexible to add other existing and potential new systems. Hence, the added-value of the IT Agency is to be assessed, since new technologies shall be harnessed to meet the requirements of enhancing security and facilitating travel at the external borders.