SDGs Targets Research Articles

The benefits of family planning (FP) use in Benin: an application of the Demographic Dividend Model (DemDiv).

Background: Despite the increasing interest in improving access to and utilization of family planning (FP) methods, contraceptives prevalence rates remain low in Benin, and its benefits are not well studied. This study projected FP's benefits for maternal health and child survival over the Sustainable Development Goals period. Methods: The Demographic Dividend Model created by the Health Policy Project using a large range of data was applied based exclusively on assumptions on FP policy options between 2015 and 2030. Results: It was found that, under the base scenario with no improvements in FP, education and economic variables, however unrealistic, the number of children per Beninese woman would be the same in 2030 as it was in 2015 - about 4.5 children per woman. Benin's age structure would remain very young and be dominated by dependents. But, FP-scenarios of improvements in contraceptive variables alone showed a negative and linear relationship between FP use and maternal and child deaths. Under the optimistic scenario, increasing access to and use of FP alone from 7.9% (2015) to 33.95% (2030) will save lives of about 200,000 under five year children and 10,000 mothers by 2030. In addition, the average number of children per woman will fall to 3.5 increasing female life expectancy by 5 years. Benin's age structure will be balanced with more working age people. The country will also record an increase in its human development indicator. Conclusion: To accelerate progresses towards improvement of maternal health and child survival, and get on track in meeting related health targets of SDGs, the present study revealed the importance of strengthening actions toward access to and use of FP in Benin Republic. There is also a need to strengthen education and economic policies to successfully harness the demographic dividend.

The Community Health Volunteers description in Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion and Improved Knowledge Through Training Based on The Concept of "Insufficient Milk Supply"

Exclusive breastfeeding achievements in Indonesia have not met SDGs targets. The role of community health volunteers is very important to promote exclusive breastfeeding, especially in rural areas, but there's knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding is lack. This study was describe the community health volunteer’s knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding and the influence of training programs based on the concept of "Insufficient Milk Supply" to increase volunteers's knowledge in the Baturaden Subdistrict, Central of Java, Indonesia. This study was use one group pretest and post test design techniques, with a total sample of 38 respondents. Univariate analysis to determine the characteristics of respondents, while the bivariate analysis in this study was use Wilcoxon test. The majority age category of respondents aged 41 to 50 years (55, 3%), the majority of level of education was elementary and high school respondents (28.9% respectively), the majority had jobs as housewives (81.6%), and the majority had 2 children (55.3%). The cadre's description of Exclusive breastfeeding showed that 78.9% of respondents stated that knowledge in the category was enough, 97.4% of respondents said they needed information about exclusive breastfeeding, 100% of respondents said they had the responsibility to promote exclusive breastfeeding, 63.2% of respondents stated that the exclusive breastfeeding promotion was the responsibility of the whole community, and 81.6% of respondents said the biggest obstacle to promoting exclusive breastfeeding was a lack of knowledge. The results of data analysis using Wilcoxon showed the influence of the intervention on the improvement of respondents' knowledge scores, which can be seen through an increase in the mean post test score and p value=0,000.The implementation of training programs based on the concept of "Insufficient Milk Supply" was effective to increase knowledge in community health volunteers in the Baturaden District.

WASTE CREATION ON ACHIEVING 12TH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS)

SDGs have 5 foundations, namely human, planet, welfare, peace, and partnerships that want to achieve three noble goals in 2030 in the form of ending poverty, achieving equality and tackling climate change. Some efforts to overcome poverty are to account for what we have produced and consumed. This is such in 12th SDGs target that accountability is part of the efficiency of natural resources as a means of supporting human life and directly preserving the environment by reducing waste through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse. To support the achievement of the SDGs target, one of the things that can be done is by waste management, especially household waste. Household waste is the biggest source of waste. One way of managing it is the existence of a waste management that can be carried out by citizens in this case is the individual. Utilization of waste to produce new uses product that have economic value. Therefore, relating to the achievement of the SDGs' objectives, the implementation of Community Service activities is focused on achieving the 12th SDGs, namely responsible consumption and production; guarantee the continuity of consumption and the pattern of distribution through the waste management socialization to give citizens awareness on climate change.

Migration, Diasporas, Remittances and the Sustainable Development Goals in Least Developed Countries

Abstract Migration, diasporas and the growth of remittances are key contemporary development trends which impact directly the lives of one in seven persons and often some of the most vulnerable and as such are critical to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and the 2030 Agenda of “leaving no one behind”. Migration is captured in four Goals and five Targets in the SDGs however it is argued that the developmental potential of migration for LDCs is an underexploited asset. The paper offers critical perspectives on the SDGs targets by analysing the impact of remittances (including South-South remittances) and other financial investments such as diaspora savings and bonds. The analysis then focusses on financial innovation through the growth of money transfer organizations in LDCs (i.e. Haiti, Tonga and Bangladesh) and the rise of mobile money. The impact of these trends on financial inclusion and the banking of unbanked populations is then considered. The paper concludes with some key recommendations and insights.

Bridging the Under-Five Mortality Gap for Africa in the Era of Sustainable Development Goals: An Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Analysis.

Background:While Africa achieved significant progress in reducing under-five mortality rate (U5MR) in the MDGs era, it did not achieve the set target and still has the highest average of 81 deaths per 1000 live births compared to a global average of 43 deaths. The SDG number 3 has set a new target of reducing U5MR to 25 deaths per 1000 births in the world, which serves a huge challenge, especially for Africa. Socioeconomic inequities that remain unaddressed across countries account for Africa’s high U5MR. Unless there is adequate prioritization of important socioeconomic, healthcare, and environmental factors, the new SDGs target will be hindered.Objectives:In this study, our primary objective was to analyse and assess factors that account most for the U5MR inequities between Africa and the rest of the world.Methods:We conducted a series of ordinary least squares (OLS) regression-based prioritization analysis of socioeconomic, healthcare, and environmental variables from 43 African countries in a pool of 109 countries from around the world to understand the most important factors that account most for the high U5MR in Africa.Findings:The results suggest that the most critical category for bridging the U5MR gap with the rest of the world is improved healthcare access. However, with all categories examined together, the OLS regression showed that the most important factors that accounted for Africa’s high U5MR compared with the rest of the world were, in order: fertility rate, access to improved water, total health expenditure per capita, access to improved sanitation, and female employment rate.Conclusions:The findings reveal that Africa will significantly benefit from interventions geared towards both the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diseases in the form of providing affordable maternal healthcare services, as well as providing access to improved drinking water and sanitation.

PERAN AIESEC LOCAL COMMITTEE (LC) BANDUNG DALAM MENDUKUNG PENCAPAIAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS)

As an International Non-Governmental Organization, AIESEC Bandung is supporting the achievement of SDGs. There are various activities of AIESEC Bandung, both internship programs and social projects that have an impact on achieving SDGs. In addition, AIESEC Bandung has carried out internships and social projects long before the SDGs were issued. After the SDGs were issued, AIESEC Bandung then included SDGs goals and targets relevant to the AIESEC Bandung social project. Based on the results of interviews and literature studies, it can be seen that there are various social projects in AIESEC Bandung that help achieve SDGs, such as the Sampurasun, I Green, Social Entrepreneur, Impacting, Malala and I Care for Disabled projects. Both project participants and project partners feel the positive results of these social projects. The activities of AIESEC Bandung which continue to take place every year also make this activity sustainable. Even so, there are still many improvements that must be improved by AIESEC Bandung to support the achievement of SDGs, such as social project sustainability issues, difficulties in finding partners and the absence of cooperation with the government.

Overview of the challenges to achieve sustainable development goals in Bangladesh

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals adopted by United Nations General Assembly on September 25, 2015 are a universal consensus to end poverty, eradicate inequality, protect the globe, tackle the climate change and make sure that all people of the planet enjoy peace and prosperity. Most of the goals are present in Bangladesh. This paper’s aim is to overview the challenges having faced by Bangladesh to acquire the recent phenomenon sustainable development goals. The National Preliminary Report, FAO analysis, the sustainable Development Goals Report 2016, various articles, and newspaper writings have been scrutinized and secondary data have been used to complete the present study. The study finds that the goals are interconnected with one another. Eradicating all challenges will be daunting task for government alone. Sincere and fruitful policy agenda’ taken and implementation can be supportive and successful way to this idealistic wishes and utopian dreams. The policy makers, politicians, philanthropists, Financial Institutions etc can find it easy to solve SDGs related problems. Further analysis can be done on each and separate target and goal of SDGs in the context of the country.

Self Efficacy dan Self Motivation Kader dalam Melakukan Active Case Finding untuk Menurunkan Epidemi Tuberculosis dalam Mewujudkan Target SDGs 2030

Active case inding maximize the role of cadres for the discovery of new TB cases. Semarang city emergency TB in 2016. Puskesmas Mijen one who has high TB patients with case notiication number of 53%. This research is observational research with cross sectional method. This study uses questionnaires as a tool in taking data. The ield samples were chosen by simple random. The sample size is 55 cadres in the working area of Mijen Semarang Public Health Center. The results of the good category of 36,4% self eicacy conident cadre performance in TB case inding in the community at least once a day. There are 38,2% self motivation of additional income knowledge of cadres including less in the case inding of Tb in the working environment of the Mijen Puskesmas. Self eicacy factors and self-motivation of cadre showed no signiicant relationship with cadre performance on the implementation process at family visit to get target of SDGS 2030. It is suggested to all health center cadres to always follow training on health especially related to TB to maximize the role of cadre for discovery New TB case Keywords: Self eicay, self motivation, tuberculosis

Ontological and Epistemological Discourse(s) on Sustainable Development: Perspective on Sierra Leone in The Aftermath of a Decade of Civil Unrest

Abstract This article addresses philosophical discourses (ontology and epistemology), framing researchers’ position on topical issues relating to sustainable development, particularly in relation to Sierra Leone. The country is a nation full of memories; that which has brought lasting pain in the minds of people and the use of philosophical concepts has helped to throw light on areas pertaining to the country’s scope for achieving its SDGs, while at the same time, engaging with the reality of issues through open discourses. Relevant methodologies have also been addressed with the hope of bringing to the fore ontological discourses required to foster epistemic dialogue for the sustained development of the country as a whole (more so in areas like health calamities and civil crisis the country have battled itself with in the past decade). Relevant recommended points have been proposed as a way of supporting forward thinking discourses in ensuring the country is able to progress well with its planned SDGs targets.