Target Board Research Articles

Harvesting Maximum Power from Mismatch Module of PV System Using PO Buck-Boost Converter

This paper presents a simulation and laboratory test of Photovoltaic (PV) module incorporated with Positive Output (PO) Buck-Boost Converter for harnessing maximum energy from the solar PV module. The main intention is to invent a system which can harvest maximum power point (MPP) energy of the PV system in string-connection. The model-based design of the controller and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for the system were implemented using MATLAB SIMULINK software. For laboratory execution, the digital microcontroller of dsPIC30F digital signal controller (DSC) was used to control the prototype of PO buck-boost converter. The code generation via MPLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE) from model-based design was embedded into the dsPIC30F using the SKds40A target board and PICkit 3 circuit debugger. The system was successfully simulated and verified by simulation and laboratory evaluations. A physical two PV module of PV-MF120EC3 Mitsubishi Electric is modeled in string connection to represent a mismatch module. While in laboratory process, a string-connection of 10W and 5W PV module is implemented for the mismatch module condition.

닥나무 목질부로 제조된 파티클보드의 원적외선, 폼알데하이드, 휘발성유기화합물 방출 및 탈취율

본 연구는 한지 제조과정에서 특별한 용도가 없어서 버려지는 닥나무 목질부로 밀도 및 수지첨가량별로 파티클보드를 제조하고, 이를 건축마감재로 활용 가능성을 알아보고자 탈취효과, 원적외선 방사 및 실내 공기오염물질 방사특성에 대하여 검토하였다. 측정 결과 보드의 밀도 및 수지첨가량이 증가할수록 탈취율은 증가하였다. 탈취율은 80~90%, 원적외선 방사율은 0.892~0.899로 비교적 높았다. 총휘발성유기화합물은 수지첨가율 13%, 밀도 <TEX>$0.6g/cm^3$</TEX>인 보드가 <TEX>$0.074mg/m^2{\cdot}h$</TEX>로 가장 적게 방출되었고, 폼알데하이드는 보드 제조 조건별로 <TEX>$0.004{\sim}0.006mg/m^2{\cdot}h$</TEX>로 미세한 방출 특성을 보였다. 이와 같이 보드 제조 조건을 다양하게 하여 용도에 맞는 보드제조가 가능하다면, 닥나무 목질부로 제조된 보드는 건축마감재 이용가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다. This study examined emission characteristics of far-infrared ray, formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds and deodorization rate of particleboard prepared at different target board densities and resin content levels, using the xylem part of Broussonetia Kazinoki Sieb. The deodorization rate increased, as the target density of board and resin content increased. Emission rates of the far-infrared ray and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were 0.892~0.899, and <TEX>$0.074mg/m^2{\cdot}h$</TEX> for particleboard prepared with the resin content of 13% and target density of <TEX>$0.6g/cm^3$</TEX> while the deodorization rate was 80~90% for the same particleboard. The formaldehyde emission factor ranged from <TEX>$0.004mg/m^2{\cdot}h$</TEX> to <TEX>$0.006mg/m^2</TEX><TEX>{\cdot}h$</TEX> for all particleboard fabricated at different resin content and target densities. These results indicate that particleboard prepared from the xylem part of Broussonetia Kazinoki Sieb have a potential as a building construction material.

Research of DSP Code Generation Based on Matlab-DSP Integrated Design

The super capacitor can effectively prolong the operation of the energy storage system, improve its economic performance and power output capacity. But the design of the super capacitor is not perfect, the design method is also very troublesome.In this paper, through studying the different implementations of Matlab - DSP integrated design methods,I tried to find the optimal method to achieve the most simple and rapid Matlab - DSP integrated design. Build models in the Simulink, complete the design of the model, and convert it to DSP assembly language and download to the target board. The main process of this method is that the above steps. Apply this method in the design of the super capacitor , we can greatly speed up the development speed.

A Long-Term Vision for UK Firms? Revisiting the Target Director's Advisory Role Since the Takeover of Cadbury'S PLC

The takeover of Cadbury by Kraft in 2010 led to the questioning of the UK's open market for corporate control and initiated a political enquiry into the framework regulating takeover bids. One of the concerns brought forward is that, contrary to their role, target directors act more like “auctioneers” selling to the highest bidder rather than “stewards” looking after the company's long-term interests. The target board's role as an advisor will be analysed with reference to the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers, common law, the Companies Act 2006 and the EU Takeover Directive. It will be argued that the grey areas of law reported on are the result of the conflicting aims to facilitate an open market for corporate control, whilst sustaining companies with a long-term vision. The legal solution proposed is strengthening the target board's advisory role by providing directors with guidelines on how to construct their recommendation of a bid to shareholders.

Design and implementation of data acquisition system for magnets of SST-1

The magnet system of the Steady-State Superconducting Tokamak-1 at the Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India, consists of sixteen toroidal field and nine poloidal field. Superconducting coils together with a pair of resistive PF coils, an air core ohmic transformer and a pair of vertical field coils. These magnets are instrumented with various cryogenic compatible sensors and voltage taps for its monitoring, operation, protection, and control during different machine operational scenarios like cryogenic cool down, current charging cycles including ramp up, flat top, plasma breakdown, dumping/ramp down and warm up. The data acquisition system for these magnet instrumentation have stringent requirement regarding operational flexibility, reliability for continuous long term operation and data visualization during operations. A VME hardware based data acquisition system with ethernet based remote system architecture is implemented for data acquisition and control of the complete magnet operation. Software application is developed in three parts namely an embedded VME target, a network server and a remote client applications. A target board application implemented with real time operating system takes care of hardware configuration and raw data transmission to server application. A java server application manages several activities mainly multiple client communication over ethernet, database interface and data storage. A java based platform independent desktop client application is developed for online and offline data visualization, remote hard ware configuration and many other user interface tasks. The application has two modes of operation to cater to different needs of cool-down and charging operations. This paper describes application architecture, installation and commissioning and operational experience from the recent campaigns of SST-1.

Economic Crisis and Share Price Unpredictability: Reasons and Implications

During the recent financial crisis, there was a dramatic spike, across all industries, in the volatility of individual firm share prices after adjustment for movements in the market as a whole. In this Article, we demonstrate that a similar spike has occurred with each major downturn in the economy since the 1920s. The existence of this long history of crisis-induced spikes has not been previously recognized. The Article evaluates a number of potential explanations for these recurrent spikes in firm-specific price volatility, a pattern that poses a puzzle in terms of existing financial theory. The most convincing explanations relate to reasons why information specifically concerning individual firms would become more important in difficult economic times. This discovery of a long history of crisis-induced spikes in firm-specific price volatility has important implications for several areas of corporate and securities law. With regard to securities law, the Article concludes, for example, that because of these spikes, private damages actions are much less effective deterrents to corporate misstatements and insider trading in crisis times than in normal times. Consequently, substantial additional resources should be devoted to SEC enforcement actions during crisis times. The Article considers as well the most contentious corporate law issue of the last 30 years: the extent to which a target board of directors will be allowed to prevent shareholders from accepting a hostile takeover bid at a premium over the pre-bid share price. The Delaware Supreme Court’s approach to this question has been largely based on the difficult-to-define concept of “substantive coercion.” The Article concludes that these spikes could be a way of giving real meaning to the “substantive coercion” justification for board approval of defenses against hostile takeover attempts, but that the instances where this justification is appropriate will be rare.

A passivity-based controller under low sampling for speed control of PMSM

Controller performances are strongly limited by the switching frequency of the converter and the computational capacity of the target board. Therefore, in such a context the design of controllers that provide good performances under possible large sampling period length is necessary. To tackle these limitations, a digital design is described for speed control of permanent magnet synchronous machines. It is based on the interconnection and the damping assignment passivity-based control (IDA-PBC) techniques extensions to the sampled-data context.

Embedded System for Speech Recognition and Image Processing

In recent years, the products of voice terminal and image retrieval show the intelligentized trend, but the mature commodities are rare in the market. This paper presents an embedded design method of intelligent voice terminal based on pattern recognition. The design adopts Samsung S3C2410 ARM as target board, Philips Uda1341TS as audio codec, embedded Linux OS as software platform, and speech recognition is implemented through small-vocabulary voice training. To improve the recognized effect, we use the image retrieval technology as an auxiliary tool, which helps speech recognition module create or more accurately find a personal voice-training library. By means of image recognition, the experimental results prove that the effect of speech recognition achieves an average increase of 10 percentages.

Real Time Vision Based Security System

Motivation for the Real time vision based security system arises due to increasing crime activity now a days, which includes intrusion in high security areas where the presence of an unauthorized personis unacceptable. The paper carries out research on the low cost implementation of a system for change detection in a closed monitored area. This paper presents a vision based security system that includes a Linux based target board, web-camera and indicators to alert the concerned user. This work is successfully developed on embedded target platform board comprising of a Broadcom multimedia processor BCM2835 based on ARM11 embedded processor core as the hardware and the software is implemented on the Linux kernel by porting cross-compiled OpenCV, GPU and GUI libraries as well as UVC drivers for USB camera. An image is captured from a web-camera at random intervals and using change-detection technique i.e.image subtraction, thresholding and morphological operations the final image with major blob is produced. The area of the major blob is derived by calculating mean of pixel array elements. These values of cross section area are compared with calculated values. If derived values fall in the range of theoretical values, it can be identified as human intrusion.These ranges of theoretical values (the average cross sectional area of human) are defined in Anthropology theory. This system has been tested for different environments, such asan experimental closed monitored area, and achieves over 86% detection rate at 5-6 frames/s processing speed.

Microphone array with computer vision based directivity

In the field of acoustic signal processing, one of the most popular areas of research is that of microphone arrays. As a small research project in this field, a microphone array system with adjustable polar response will be developed. To make research more innovative and multi-disciplinary, the polar response of the array will be controlled by a facial tracking system implemented with computer vision techniques. This research will take part as a means of combining coursework and research for courses in engineering acoustics, computer vision, and real-time digital signal processing at the University of Miami. Before any physical testing, simulations will be performed in Matlab to determine optimum array configurations and to analyze various facial tracking and dsp algorithms. Then, using a Texas Instruments TMS320C6713 DSP on a DSK audio target board, and writing code in C, Assembly, and Matlab, physical tests will be conducted to analyze performance of design. A MEMS microphone model will likely be used for its small size and low cost. A Microsoft Kinect and compatible desktop computer will be used for the computer vision interface. From there, results will be analyzed and further research in the area proposed.

Microphone array exploratory study

In the field of acoustic signal processing, one of the most popular areas of research is that of microphone arrays. As a small research project in this field, a microphone array system with adjustable polar response will be developed. It is worth noting that this submission is more a research proposal than an abstract. This research will take part as a means of combining coursework and research for courses in engineering acoustics and real-time digital signal processing at the University of Miami. Before any arrays are physically constructed or any code written on a DSP, simulations will be performed in Matlab to determine optimum array configurations and to analyze various DSP algorithms for adjusting polar responses. Then, using a Texas Instruments TMS320C6713 DSP on a DSK audio target board, and writing code in C, Assembly, and Matlab, physical tests will be conducted to analyze performance of design. A MEMS microphone model will likely be used for its small size and low cost. From there, results will be analyzed and further research in the area proposed.

Takeovers and Countering Short-Termism in Target Boardrooms

This two-part article considers the extent to which UK company law and takeover regulation may have contributed to the supposed short-termism exercised by target directors in takeovers, that is, target directors focusing only on short-term financial gain to the current shareholders, rather than the target’s long-term wealth creation. This article argues that general company law and takeover regulation do not mandate target directors to strictly prioritise the short-term financial interests of the company when determining whether to recommend a particular takeover bid. While company law and takeover regulation require the target board to consider stakeholders’ interests, neither shareholders nor stakeholders have an enforceable right of action against the directors in connection with their failure to do so.

The Research Status of Equivalent Spaced Targets in Armor-Penetration Projectile Power Test

Due to the emergence of more and more composite armor target, the research related with interval has real application background. The target board with interval structure form attenuates jet penetration effectively. If the interval target and homogeneous target can build equivalent relations, with a certain thickness of the interval target equivalent instead of a homogeneous target board, it will slash test cost and save money. After the target principle and research method, the jet penetration interval target for energy consumption, the jet penetration depth interval target researches are simple introduced, finally the research direction of interval target is put forward with own suggestions.

Comparison of Three Smart Camera Architectures for Real-Time Machine Vision System

This paper presents a machine vision system for real-time computation of distance and angle of a camera from a set of reference points located on a target board. Three different smart camera architectures were explored to compare performance parameters such as power consumption, frame speed and latency. Architecture 1 consists of hardware machine vision modules modeled at Register Transfer (RT) level and a soft-core processor on a single FPGA chip. Architecture 2 is commercially available software based smart camera, Matrox Iris GT. Architecture 3 is a two-chip solution composed of hardware machine vision modules on FPGA and an external microcontroller. Results from a performance comparison show that Architecture 2 has higher latency and consumes much more power than Architecture 1 and 3. However, Architecture 2 benefits from an easy programming model. Smart camera system with FPGA and external microcontroller has lower latency and consumes less power as compared to single FPGA chip having hardware modules and soft-core processor.

Accept or Reject? The Influence of CEO, Institutional Ownership and Corporate Governance on Takeover Bid Recommendations

The extensive literature on target characteristics predominantly focuses on takeover likelihood; or, given the event of a bid, the likelihood of the success of a bid. This study endeavours to shed light on the role of the CEO around takeover activity, and the influences on the target board’s decision to either accept or reject a takeover offer. When looking at the ownership structure of the target, the bidder needs to trade off the degree of insider (board) ownership with the extent of other blockholder ownership (institutional investors). Using ASX listed firms that were targets between 2001 and 2007 where there is both CEO ownership and blockholder interest, we investigate which influence prevails.

Intelligent Voice Terminal with Image Retrieval Function

In recent years, voice terminal products show the intelligentized trend. This paper presents an embedded design method of intelligent voice terminal based on pattern recognition. The design adopts Samsung S3C2410 ARM as target board, Philips Uda1341TS as audio codec, embedded Linux OS as software platform, and speech recognition is implemented through small-vocabulary voice training. To improve the effect, we use the image-retrieval technology as an auxiliary tool, which helps speech recognition module create or more accurately find a personal voice-training library. By means of image recognition, the experimental results show that the effect of speech recognition achieves an average increase of 10 percentages.

Study of Flying Projectile’s Properties of Infrared Radiation

In order to solve the problem that the optic-electric detecting target board fails to work at nights or under low light level，it has studied the flying projectile’s properties of infrared radiation and the radiation attenuation properties of the flying projectile in the atmosphere. Through establishing the differential equations, the projectile’s surface temperature is obtained to calculate the flying projectile’s infrared radiation properties , according to atmosphere’s transmitting properties，the calculation method of atmospheric transmittance rate. The infrared radiation properties of three typical projectile are simulated by utilizing MATAB. The simulation result shows that the surface temperature of the flying projectile has a linear change with its velocity; the atmospheric transmittance rate is inversely proportional to the detection distance; Once the atmospheric attenuation factor is different, then the radiation energy received by the detector will be different.

Mechatronic Aeropendulum: Demonstration of Linear and Nonlinear Feedback Control Principles With MATLAB/Simulink Real-Time Windows Target

This paper presents a low-cost hands-on experiment for a classical undergraduate controls course for non-electrical engineering majors. The setup consists of a small dc electrical motor attached to one of the ends of a light rod. The motor drives a 2-in propeller and allows the rod to swing. Angular position is measured by a potentiometer attached to the pivot point. A custom-designed circuit board produces the controlled voltage input to the motor. The target board is powered and communicates with the PC through its USB port using a virtual RS-232 port. A simple MATLAB/Simulink module has been created to read the pendulum angle and send a command signal to the motor. The module is based on Real-time Windows Target software, which allows a sampling rate of up to 200 Hz. Students are able to design and test classical PID and phase lead-lag controllers, as well as modern controllers, including state-space controller design combined with feedback linearization. A semester-long series of assignments is described that can be carried out without the need for a specialized laboratory or teaching assistants. The project was tested in a classical control systems design class of senior-level mechanical engineering students. Student feedback and survey data on the effectiveness of the modules are also presented.

A positioning method for the feature points of a target board image adopting singular value decomposition

This paper presents a positioning method to extract the feature points employing the singular value decomposition for a target board image as an example. In order to discriminate the feature points from the noises existing in the image, the image matrix is factorized into three matrices. The geometrical implication of the three matrices is interpreted by three transformations which are rotation, scaling, and another rotation. The singular values in the diagonal of the scaling matrix are arranged in descending order, which stands for the significance sequence of the image features. The smaller singular values are corresponding to the noises while the greater ones are considered as primary features. Therefore the new singular values matrix is defined by the modified original scaling matrix in which the smaller singular values are removed by a cutting point. The smoothing image is reconstructed by the two original rotation matrices and the new singular values matrix with the same arrangement. The latter detection procedure of the feature points adopts the Harris corner detection method to evaluate the singular value decomposition filter. The experiments are performed on the target images with the noise densities of 0.005, 0.01 and 0.02 respectively. Comparing with the traditional approach, the feature points on the target which are considered as the primary features are preserved by the filter. Moreover, the noises vanish in the images because they are unimportant details. The experiments prove that the outlined method has the potential to feature points positioning as well as appropriateness for the manufacture engineering and mechanical inspection.

Lab testing for P3 moisture resistant overlaid particleboards made from wood residues

In Chile the amounts of wood sawdust, shavings, and chips available is around 2.72 million, 340 thousand, and 4.25 million m3/year, respectively, and about 30% of this material is employed in the manufacture of particleboards. Two types of particleboards were made from wood residues as moisture-resistant particleboards, and the main goal was to meet the requirements for P3 moisture resistance according to the European Standard EN 312. Five mats of each type were pressed without stops in a 30 cm diameter electrically heated hot press at 180°C for 3.5 min. Target board density was 680 kg/m3 (T1) and 720 kg/m3 (T2), mat moisture was 10%, resin dosage applied was 6%, and board thickness was 15 mm for both boards (0.5 x 0.5 m). Samples were designated as T1 and T2, on which both physical and mechanical tests were conducted. Density, moisture content, thickness swelling, and water absorption were measured. Mechanical tests included internal bond before and after cyclic test, as well as fire retardancy. The analysis of the high resolution images allowed us to ensure that there was no gap between the veneer and the particleboard; therefore it can be concluded that there was no adherence loss. Results for all tests showed that both boards met all the P3 standards for moisture resistant non-structural board for use in humid conditions.