Tap Movement Research Articles

Passive RFID-Based Control Interface Integrated Into Clothing and Furniture

This paper presents an early prototype of a passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radiofrequency identification (RFID) -based control interface. By using two types of gestures, hand tap and body movement, these tags are used as furniture-and clothing-integrated inputs. An extra tag, called a gesture initiator, is integrated into the system to prevent unintentional tag detection. After initiating the gesture tag, the user has a specific time to activate any input tag; otherwise, no output is triggered, and the user must reactivate the gesture initiator tag. Both gestures work by making a specific input tag non-detectable to an RFID reader. The prototype system was tested in an office environment in two test setups, furniture and clothing setups, where two testers successfully triggered applications-turning a light-emitting diode (LED) on or off, making a phone call, and sending a message-by using the two gestures. Next, extensive system reliability evaluation and improvement was carried out in versatile practical scenarios, where a tag can be accidentally blocked by the user or by someone else who passes by between the tag and the reader. The final results of this study suggest that the use of a gesture initiator tag significantly improves system reliability. This system can be integrated into clothing or furniture to control applications remotely and make a quick call or message without requiring a mobile phone at hand.

Optimal Voltage Control in Distribution Systems With Intermittent PV Using Multiobjective Grey-Wolf-Lévy Optimizer

The intermittent photovoltaic (PV) units significantly affect the performance of distribution systems, and they often cause several operational problems, most importantly, voltage rise/drop. At high PV penetration, excessive tap movements of transformers and high curtailed PV power are expected to completely solve the voltage violation problem. In this paper, we propose an optimal voltage control method for distribution systems considering the number of tap movements of transformers and the active power curtailment of PV units. The objective function of the proposed method comprises: 1) voltage drop violation, 2) voltage rise violation, 3) tap movement rate (TMR) of transformers, and 4) curtailed power of PV (CPPV). A multiobjective grey wolf optimizer integrated with a Levy mutation operator (GWO-Levy) is formulated to accurately solve the voltage control problem. A 24-h simulation is performed on the 119-bus distribution system with PV and different types of loads. The performance of GWO-Levy is compared with three other optimizers, finding that it achieves the best performance. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method for solving the voltage violation problem with PV while simultaneously optimizing TMR and CPPV.

Management and coordination of LTC, SVR, shunt capacitor and energy storage with high PV penetration in power distribution system for voltage regulation and power loss minimization

The optimal coordination of load tap changers (LTCs), step voltage regulators (SVRs), switched shunt capacitors (SCs) and energy storages (ESs) with high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) energy sources for simultaneously minimizing energy loss and improving voltage profile are performed using genetic algorithm (GA). The GA is developed to find out the optimal settings of the LTCs, SVRs and SCs, including the dispatch of energy storages. The influence of the PV penetration level on voltage profile and tap movement is to be analyzed. Five scenarios are involved in this case study. In the first scenario, regulator devices are disabled and voltage profile is monitored and recorded. When the LTC is enabled in the second scenario, the voltage profile is propped up yet still below the voltage limits. The voltage is regulated within the limits, when the SVRs are enabled in the third scenario. In the fourth scenario, switching ‘on’ the capacitor banks increases the voltage profile. This maintains the distribution system security as the voltage profile gets flattened off. Finally, the integration of the ES warrants voltage profile improvement, particularly when the voltage is low at night. The voltage deviation is substantially lowered as well from a 0.063 pu without the ES to a 0.018 pu with the ES. The proposed method is applied to the IEEE 123 test feeder, using time series analysis over a diurnal 24-h simulation period. Test results clearly show that the close coordination among the VAR control devices and energy storage scales back system energy losses and upholds voltage at customer terminals within statutory limits, under high penetration levels of solar-fueled generation. Comparison between proposed method with evolutionary algorithm (EA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are investigated that shows the proposed algorithm has better results than the other approaches.

A Cooperative Control Algorithm for Multiple SVRs Using Correlation of Measurement Data of Distribution Line

SUMMARYIn this paper, a cooperative control algorithm for multiple step voltage regulator (SVR) using correlation of measurement data of distribution line is proposed. Conventionally, the control time constant of a SVR placed on the feeder end side was set slower than a SVR placed on the substation side. The unnecessary tap movement of SVR was reduced by this setting. In this case, on the condition that “the photovoltaic power generation output of the feeder end fluctuates” and “only SVR of the end side works”, it is a problem that control of SVR becomes slow. By the proposed method, the SVR settled in end side of a feeder can change its tap rapidly only if the SVR settled in sending side of a feeder will not change its tap by using proposed method. The features of the method are followings: (1) to estimate tap change possibility of the sending side SVR using correlation model of both of the SVR, (2) only use local measurement data of the SVRs for tap change control. By the proposed method, unnecessary tap change operation and lag of tap control are reduced without communication networks.

Rhythm in shoes: student perceptions of the integration of tap dance into choral music

The purpose of this qualitative study was to collect data pertaining to students’ perceptions regarding the use of tap dance movement and its effect on the understanding of rhythms found in choral literature. It examined: (a) What are the perceptions of high school students regarding the difficulty of tap dance movement? (b) What are the perceptions of high school students regarding the effectiveness of tap dance movement as a method toward promoting their rhythm accuracy when performing rhythms featured in choral music? (c) What are the perceptions of high school students regarding the effectiveness of integrating tap dance movement with the study of select rhythm patterns chosen from choral literature in their retention of the rhythms? The results revealed the difficulty of the movement, execution tempo, changing feet, and amount of tap experience individuals possess influence students’ perceptions regarding the degree of complexity of tap movement. Additionally, they indicated the enjoyment of the movement, movement demonstrations, integration of music, use of step names/counting, and use of tap shoes are elements related to tap movement that students perceived to promote their rhythmic understanding. There was a lack of agreement; however, regarding the effectiveness of tap movement in promoting their rhythmic retention.

Increased Cognitive Control During Execution of Finger Tap Movement inPeople with Parkinson's Disease.

Previous studies employed demanding and complex hand tasks to study the brain activation in people with Parkinson's Disease (PD). There is inconsistent finding about the cerebellar activity during movement execution of this patient population. This study aimed to examine the brain activation patterns of PD individuals in the on-state and healthy control subjects in a simple finger tapping task. Twenty-seven patients with PD and 22 age-matched healthy subjects were recruited for the study. Subjects were instructed to perform simple finger tapping tasks under self- and cue-initiated conditions in separate runs while their brain activations were captured using fMRI. Healthy subjects had higher brain activity in contralateral precentral gyrus during the self-initiated task, and higher brain activity in the ipsilateral middle occipital gyrus during the cue-initiated task. PD patients had higher brain activity in the cerebellum Crus I (bilateral) and lobules VI (ipsilateral) during the self-initiated task and higher brain activity in the contralateral middle frontal gyrus during the cue-initiated task. When compared with healthy controls, PD patients had lower brain activity in the contralateral inferior parietal lobule during the self-initiated task, and lower brain activity in the ipsilateral cerebellum lobule VIII, lobule VIIB and vermis VIII, and thalamus during the cue-initiated task. Conjunction analysis indicated that both groups had activation in bilateral cerebellum and SMA and ipsilateral precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus during both self- and cue-initiated movement. Individuals with PD exhibited higher brain activity in the executive zone (cerebellum Crus I and II) during self-initiated movement, and lower brain activity in the sensorimotor zone (i.e. lobule VIIb and VIII of the cerebellum) during cue-initiated movement. The findings suggest that individuals with PD may use more executive control when performing simple movements.

Action-based touch simulation in high functioning autism: Can compromised self-other distinction abilities link social and sensory problems in the autism spectrum?

Event Abstract Back to Event Action-based touch simulation in high functioning autism: Can compromised self-other distinction abilities link social and sensory problems in the autism spectrum? Eliane Deschrijver1*, Jan R. Wiersema1 and Marcel Brass1 1 Ghent University, Belgium In the current EEG-study, we investigated whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) effectively use their own sense of touch to understand tactile experiences that accompany other people’s actions (action-based touch). We tested the action-based somatosensory congruency paradigm (Deschrijver, Wiersema, & Brass, submitted) in a group of adults with high-functioning autism (HFA) and a group with matched controls. In this paradigm, participants observe a finger tap movement of a human or wooden hand, combined with a tactile sensation that is spatially either congruent or incongruent to the tactile consequence of the observed movement. We predicted that individuals with HFA would show altered neuronal processing in response to the congruency of observed action-based human touch at early stages of own somatosensory processing (in the P50, N100 and N140 SEPs) and at later stages of higher-order cognitive self-related processing (P3). First, the data yielded evidence for altered somatosensory processing in the P50 and the N100 (but not in the N140). Second, while the control group showed a congruency effect for human hand trials only in the P3, this effect diminished in the HFA group and reliably correlated with social symptomatology and sensory hypersensitivity/avoidance scales. This suggests that individuals with HFA do not signal to the same extent when simulated action-based touch does not match own touch. We argue that compromised self-other distinction abilities centered on somatosensory processing might denote a crucial theoretical link between sensory and social impairments in the autism spectrum. Keywords: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD), Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEP), P3, Touch Perception, self-other distinction, mirror neuron system Conference: 11th National Congress of the Belgian Society for Neuroscience, Mons, Belgium, 22 May - 22 May, 2015. Presentation Type: Oral or Poster presentation Topic: Neuroscience Citation: Deschrijver E, Wiersema JR and Brass M (2015). Action-based touch simulation in high functioning autism: Can compromised self-other distinction abilities link social and sensory problems in the autism spectrum?. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: 11th National Congress of the Belgian Society for Neuroscience. doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2015.89.00083 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 04 May 2015; Published Online: 05 May 2015. * Correspondence: Miss. Eliane Deschrijver, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, eliane.deschrijver@ugent.be Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Eliane Deschrijver Jan R Wiersema Marcel Brass Google Eliane Deschrijver Jan R Wiersema Marcel Brass Google Scholar Eliane Deschrijver Jan R Wiersema Marcel Brass PubMed Eliane Deschrijver Jan R Wiersema Marcel Brass Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

自端計測情報の相関関係を利用した複数台SVRの協調制御手法の検討

In this paper, a cooperative control algorithm for multiple step voltage regulator (SVR) using correlation of measurement data of distribution line is proposed. Conventionally, the control time constant of a SVR placed on the feeder end side was set slower than a SVR placed on the substation side. The unnecessary tap movement of SVR was reduced by this setting. In this case, on the condition that “the photovoltaic power generation output of the feeder end fluctuates” and “only SVR of the end side works”, it is a problem that control of SVR becomes slow. By the proposed method, the SVR settled in end side of a feeder can change its tap rapidly only if the SVR settled in sending side of a feeder will not change its tap by using proposed method. The features of the method are followings: (1) to estimate tap change possibility of the sending side SVR using correlation model of both of the SVR, (2) only use local measurement data of the SVRs for tap change control. By the proposed method, unnecessary tap change operation and lag of tap control are reduced without communication networks.

A Study on Fuzzy Control of Humanoid Soccer Robot EFuRIO for Vision Control System and Walking Movement

Instability is one of the major defects in humanoid robots. Recently, various methods on the stability and reliability of humanoid robots have been studied actively. We propose a new fuzzy-logic control scheme for vision systems that would enable a robot to search for and to kick a ball towards an opponent goal. In this paper, a stabilization algorithm is proposed using the balance condition of the robot, which is measured using accelerometer sensors during standing and walking, and turning movement are estimated from these data. From this information the robot selects the appropriate motion pattern effectively. In order to generate the appropriate reaction in various body of robot situations, a fuzzy algorithm is applied in finding the appropriate angle of the joint from the vision system. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by searching for a ball, walking, turning tap and ball kicking movement experiments using an 18-DOF humanoid robot, called EFuRIO.

기술처치에 의한 철봉 Tkatchev stretched 동작의 사례연구

본 연구는 세계적인 경쟁력을 보유하고 있는 철봉종목의 국가대표 K선수를 대상으로 기술분석을 통해 고난도 기술인 Tkatrhev skekhed 동작의 완성도를 높임으로서 경기력 향상에 도움을 주고자 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 Tkatchev stretched 동작의 1차 분석을 통해 기술훈련방법의 피드백을 8주간 제공 한 후 반복적인 분석을 통해 기술의 완성도를 평가하였다. K선수의 1차 Tkatchev stretched 동작은 비행높이가 낮고, 비행 중 신체가 굴곡되어 있으며, 봉잡기 시 신체중심의 위치가 바로 부터 너무 멀고 낮아 낙히의 염려가 있을 뿐만 아니라 후속기술을 위한 역동성을 기대하기가 어려운 단점이 노출되었다. 이 같은 단점을 극복하기 위하여 준비국면인 크게 휘돌기의 하강 시 견관절 각을 빠르게 신전시키고, 고관절의 각운동을 이용한 Tap 동작을 짧고 간결하게 하게 하였다. 또한 몸을 접어주는 Tap 타이밍을 조금 늦추며, 다리를 차내며 신체를 역회전시킬 때 견관절의 각운동을 크게 사용하면서 신체를 충분히 끌어 올리는 연습을 주 5회(오전/오후) 총 7시간의 연습 시간 중 20분씩 8주간(총 800분)을 반복적으로 실시하였다. 그 결과 비록 봉 이탈 순간 수직상승속도의 증가를 이루지는 못하였지만 비행높이가 증가되어 고관절을 신전시키고도 철봉에 다리가 걸리지 않으며 뛰어넘을 수 있게 되어 동작의 웅대함을 제공함으로서 감점요소를 0.2점 제거할 수 있었다. This study is to formulate strategy for subject who are selected as national team in horizontal bars event in apparatus gymnastics. For this, skill training program was applied to players for 8 weeks. Then it was analyzed by using 3D motion Analysis system to seek the difference between before and after using the program. There were decisive demerit element K's first try for Tkatchev stretched movement from low elevation and crooked body while elevating. Not only, the location of his center of mass is far and low and there was some concern in his landing due to bended his hip-joint, but also, it exposed weak point in retro-action followed technique. Thus, to overcome that weak point, the subject repeated practices on following; when preparing for Tkatchev stretched movement at downward for big spin, make sure extend shoulder angle faster, make sure Tap movement is short and concise using hip-joint angular while delaying Tap timing for folding the body, and moreover, while backlashing the body, used shoulder joint angle wide to pull up the body. As a result, the speed of vertical upward did rut increase when separation from the bar. However, height of elevation increased that the leg would rut hit the horizontal bar even straight up the hip-joint. Therefore, the movement itself provided magnificent motion and even helped decrease the demerits.

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Refractory Angina Pectoris: A Shocking Experience

Spinal cord stimulation has been extensively utilized in the treatment of conditions including complex regional pain syndrome, ischemic limb pain, failed back surgery syndrome, and angina pectoris. Recognized complications include infection, dural tap, and electrode movement. We report the case of a patient who experienced a sensation of extremely enhanced stimulation in the area covered by the spinal cord stimulator while in the vicinity of a high-tension electricity substation. Full resolution of symptoms occurred when the spinal cord stimulator was switched off, indicating that active stimulators may be susceptible to the effects of external electrical fields.

Water-Soaked Evidence: Detectability of Explosive Traces After Immersion in Water

Various factors governing the detectability of explosive traces after being soaked in water were studied. The variables are: the type of the surface (surfaces liable to be found in aircraft were chosen), the type of explosive, the type of water (tap or seawater), and movement of the immersed surface in the water. The maximal immersion times (tmax) after which explosive detection was possible were evaluated. This datum was found to depend on the type of explosive (one of the important factors is solubility in water), the surface material and the environmental conditions (tap or seawater movement). Detection of PETN on high-density polyethylene, linoleum, glass and aluminum, by the chemical Explosive Testing Kit (ETK), was possible even after a month of soaking in seawater. In addition, it has been found that movement of bulk water around the samples with deposited explosives considerably decreases tmax values. It is, therefore, recommended to retrieve samples for explosive analysis as soon as possible and in areas where the currents of water is minimal.

Movement Characteristics in Parkinsonʼs Disease

We evaluated the responsiveness of tap rate (TR), movement time (MT), and reaction time (RT) to intravenous (i.v.) (n = 10) and subcutaneous (s.c.) (n = 16) administration of apomorphine in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In the second part of this study, we evaluated the feasibility of the commonly used 15% TR threshold, above which a patient is considered to be a responder. Compared to MT, TR emerged as the most responsive measure of bradykinesia during both i.v. and s.c. administration of apomorphine. RT showed no response to dopaminergic stimulation. To evaluate the influence of threshold on the number of responsive sessions, we determined the baseline variability of TR by means of the coefficient of variation (CV) in 39 patients with PD. Our results show approximately similar numbers of responsive sessions using the 15% and 2CV threshold. Our findings suggest that a simple repetitive motor task--TR--is more responsive than is the MT task. Finally, the 15% threshold may be considered an adequate threshold for TR in assessment of dopaminergic responsiveness of bradykinesia.

Quantitative assessment of bradykinesia in patients with parkinson's disease

In order to optimize a method for quantitative assessment of bradykinesia, we evaluated the three-dimensional sources of a movement signal of the wrist and influence of tremor on the reliability of bradykinesia measurements. A total of 33 patients with Parkinson's disease, three patients with Multiple System Atrophy and 29 healthy controls performed a test procedure to measure slowness of movement, consisting of a tap rate (TR) test and a movement time (MT) test. Simultaneously, accelerometers were mounted on the wrist and mean bi- and tri-axial vectors were calculated. Thus the acquired means of acceleration were correlated with the commonly used measures of bradykinesia, i.e. tap rate and movement time. Our results show that bradykinesia is reliably measured by the evaluation of the mean acceleration of movements, and support the use of any of the three bi-axial vectors. Compared to the bi-axial vectors, the tri-axial vector provided no relevant additional information. Additionally, the presence of a moderate to severe resting tremor did not influence the assessment of bradykinesia. Because of the possibility of continuous assessment of bradykinesia this new monitor may prove to be of great value in pharmacodynamic studies and the longitudinal follow-up of patients in drug trials.

The Timing Effects of Accent Production in Periodic Finger-Tapping Sequences

When subjects are required to produce short sequences of equally paced finger taps and to accentuate one of the taps, the interval preceding the forceful tap is shortened and the one that immediately follows the accent is lengthened. Assuming that the tapping movements are triggered by an internal clock, one explanation attributes the rnistiming of the taps to central factors: The momentary rate of the clock is accelerated or decelerated as a function of motor preparation to, respectively, increase or decrease the movement force. This hypothesis predicts that the interresponse intervals measured between either tap movement onsets or movement terminations (taps) will show the same timing pattern. A second explanation for the observed interval effects is that the tapping movements are triggered by a regular internal clock but the timing of the successive taps is altered because the forceful movement is completed in less time than the other tap movements are. This "peripheral" hypothesis predicts regular timing of movement onsets but distorted timing of movement terminations. In the present study, the trajectories of the movements performed by subjects were recorded and the interresponse intervals were measured at the beginning and the end of the tapping movements. The results of Experiment 1 showed that neither model can fully explain the interval effects: The fast forceful movements were initiated with an additional delay that took into account the small execution time of these movements. Experiment 2 reproduced this finding and showed that the timing of the onset and contact intervals did not evolve with the repetition of trial blocks. Therefore, the assumption of an internal clock that would trigger the successive movements must be rejected. The results are discussed in the framework of a modified two-stage model in which the internal clock, instead of triggering the tapping movements, provides target time points at which the movements have to produce their meaningful effects, that is, contacts with the response key. The timing distortions are likely to reflect both peripheral and central components.

Visually guided hand movements in children with minor neurological dysfunction: response time and movement organization.

Many children with signs of minor neurological dysfunction (MND) are unable to adapt precisely their movements to external goals, in particular when they are under time pressure. Pilot studies in our laboratories suggested that response times in various sorts of tapping tasks were longer in such children than in controls with an optimal neurological status. In the present study an experimental tapping task, presented in 'self-paced mode', is applied to explore further the relationships between response time and spatio-temporal organization of movements in children with MND as compared to optimal controls. Differences were found with respect to inter-response intervals as well as to the organization of the movements; children with MND have longer overall response times than controls, more movement elements per tap and shorter first movement elements. Further, the moment of maximal acceleration comes later in the children with MND than in the controls. Such differences in response time and movement organization may be due to information processing limitations and increased attentional demands for the execution of movements in MND children.