Tagbilaran City Research Articles

Maintaining Academic Integrity and Validating Student Outcomes

The experiences of English teachers in learning assessment in the modular distance learning modality provide valuable insights into the assessment trends and interventions needed to improve student learning. This study delved into the experiences of English teachers in learning assessment in the modular distance learning modality as a precursor to understanding the assessment trends and interventions in the Department of Education, Division of Bohol, and Tagbilaran City for the school year 2021–2022. A narrative research design was used to understand the experiences of ten (10) purposely selected English teachers from public schools in Bohol and Tagbilaran City Divisions in English assessment in the modular distance learning modality. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, which was then analyzed using thematic analysis. Results revealed that the selected English teachers in Bohol have been using various assessment tools, methods, and feedback mechanisms during the implementation of modular distance learning. These include diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments and traditional and alternative assessment methods. Teachers have also used multiple feedback mechanisms, including written, online, in-person, and multimodal feedback. To maintain academic integrity, teachers have been providing clear guidance and support to students, avoiding bias and favoritism, and using specific criteria for evaluation. The study also found that teachers have faced challenges in ensuring academic integrity, overcoming logistical and communication barriers, and adapting to new instructional and assessment methods. However, they have demonstrated resilience by aligning their assessment tools with the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC), utilizing innovative feedback mechanisms, and promoting academic integrity. The study concludes by recommending that teachers adopt a flexible approach to assessment, promote the alignment of assessment tools with the MELC, encourage multiple feedback mechanisms, promote academic integrity, and provide support and resources to teachers.

Social Support and Perceived Stress among Parents of Children with Special Needs in Tagbilaran City, Bohol

Stress is a prevalent emotional strain experienced by parents in response to the inherent challenges of child-rearing. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the levels of social support and perceived stress among parents of children with special needs undergoing pediatric rehabilitation. This study utilized a quantitative descriptive survey methodology with the aid of the Turkish Adaptation of the Family Needs Survey (FNS) and the Parental Stress Scale (PSS). A total of 50 participants were enrolled through convenience sampling. Statistical analysis of the gathered data revealed notable demographic characteristics among respondents, with a predominant representation of individuals aged 41-50, female, married, and with children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) undergoing occupational and speech therapy. The findings indicated a moderate level of support from various sources, including family and friends, educational institutions, community services, and financial and government assistance. However, the evaluation did not reveal a statistically significant difference between the extent of social support received by parents and the perceived stress they reported experiencing.

Social Support in Relation to Self-Management Behaviors Among Diabetic Individuals of Poblacion II, Tagbilaran City, Bohol

This study delves into the relationship between social support and self-management behaviors among diabetic individuals in Poblacion II, Tagbilaran City, Bohol. Employing a descriptive correlational survey design and a stratified sampling method, 48 respondents were selected, revealing that a majority were middle to older adults, married, and residing below the official poverty threshold. Hypertension emerged as the predominant comorbidity, affecting 75% of respondents. Examining social support dimensions, the study found a moderate level across most aspects, except for smoking, which displayed lower support. Remarkably, the overall self-management level among respondents was very good. Significant relationships were identified between social support and self-management practices, particularly concerning Alcoholism/Drug Addiction, Obesity, and Stroke. The study rejects the null hypothesis, establishing a significant correlation (p-value – 0.001) between social support and diabetes self-management practices. Recommendations include tailored assessments considering comorbidities, emphasizing newly adopted practices, and implementing targeted programs like teleconsultations and a "buddy system" for specific demographics. This research contributes valuable insights for healthcare professionals and policymakers, urging a holistic approach to diabetes management that integrates social support dynamics.

Students’ Motivation Towards Academic Achievement in Relation to Engagement in Community Services of Secondary Schools

The study was conducted to determine the students’ level of motivation towards academic achievement in relation to level of engagement in community services of secondary schools in Tagbilaran City, Bohol, SY 2019-2020. Findings revealed that the level of students’ motivation towards academic achievement in the three aspects of striving for excellence, desire to learn, and personal incentives is Moderately Motivated while their level of engagement in community services in the three dimensions of motivation, benefits, and areas of interest is Moderately Engaged. The students’ level of academic achievement during the first and second quarter of S.Y. 2019-2020 is Very Satisfactory. There is a significant degree of correlation between students’ level of motivation and level of academic achievement, students’ level of motivation and engagement in community services, and students’ level of motivation towards academic achievement and level of engagement in community services. Moreover, there is a significant degree of difference between the public and private schools’ responses as to level of motivation towards academic achievement while no significant degree of difference between the public and private schools’ responses as to the level of engagement in community services. It implies that there is a need to improve students’ level of motivation, level of academic achievement, and level of engagement to a higher level.

E-Class Record for Basic Education Department, University of Bohol, Tagbilaran City

E-class record systems offer easy data management and record-keeping for teachers, allowing for tracking and analysis of student success. A study aims to create, test, and develop a web-based e-class record for the University of Bohol Basic Education Department in Tagbilaran City for the 2024–2025 academic year. The study assesses the ISO-based quality of two e-class record formats and evaluates instructors' Excel and Google Sheets skills. The study examines the link between software quality and instructor technical knowledge and the quality differences between old and new e-class records. The study uses an ISO 9126 software quality model and a descriptive survey to assess the effectiveness of the proposed e-class record. However, the study found that respondents had limited knowledge of Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets, suggesting the need for a web-based e-class record with analytics.

Level of Cognitive Domains Among Junior High School Students, University of Bohol, Tagbilaran City

Enhancing students' reading comprehension is a pivotal aspect of their academic development. This study focused on assessing the cognitive domain levels among Grades 7, 8, and 9 Junior High School students during the 2020-2021 academic year at the University of Bohol, with a sample size of 212 participants. Employing a descriptive survey design, a researcher-developed questionnaire served as the primary tool to gauge the cognitive domain proficiency of these students. Utilizing a random sampling technique ensured an unbiased selection of participants across the specified grades. The findings revealed that the majority of respondents exhibited a commendable level of reading comprehension. However, the study unveiled noteworthy disparities in mean scores between lower and higher-order cognitive domains among the participants. Furthermore, 52.83% (112 out of 212) of the students reported having diverse general references at home. The research employed a quantitative-descriptive-correlational method. Spearman rho analysis demonstrated a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between various levels of the cognitive domain, shedding light on the interconnected nature of these skills. These results provide crucial insights for educators and policymakers, emphasizing the necessity for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing higher-order thinking skills. Aligning with global literacy goals, this research underscores the importance of addressing cognitive disparities to foster a more comprehensive approach to reading comprehension education.

Citizen Service Quality Standard: Its Levels of Implementation and Satisfaction as Perceived by Clients, Deped-Tagbilaran City

Service Quality Standards (SQSs) mean the level of management and organization service unit requirements. The study investigated the Department of Education (DepEd) Tagbilaran City Division frontline services. The study is descriptive-comparative in gathering data through modified tools to measure the levels of implementation, satisfaction, and problems encountered by internal and external DepEd stakeholders in its service transactions. With the overall number of 956, a sample size of 536 was randomly selected (2.81% margin of error at 95% confidence interval). It used Spearman Rank Chi-Square, Mann Whitney Test, and Kruskal Wallis. The Chi-Square test results revealed that an association exists between the position of respondents (X2 (14) =24.396, p<0.05) and the classification of respondents (X2 (2) = 10.568, p<0.05) with their level of satisfaction. The Spearman Rank test showed a significant positive correlation between implementation and satisfaction (rs (534) =0.657, p<0.05). The Mann-Whitney test results revealed that internal stakeholders (Mdn = 3.25) have higher satisfaction as compared to external stakeholders (Mdn = 3.00), U (267,269) = 31380.500, z = -2.532, p<0.05. Although it fully implemented its service quality standard, it falls short in some service domains in that clients were moderately satisfied with their frontline services.

Research Culture of Public Schools in Tagbilaran City, Bohol

DepEd strives to promote and strengthen the culture of research in basic education. Along with this goal, this study aimed to determine the research culture and to recognize the extent of influence of the factors on research culture of public schools in Tagbilaran City, Bohol. It employed a quantitative descriptive research design with a survey questionnaire as the main instrument to gather the data needed in the study. Two instruments were utilized and modified in this study adapted from The Factors Influencing the Research Culture by Iqbal and colleagues and the Research Culture and Productivity of the Faculty of Accredited Private Higher Education Institutions by Tagaro. These were administered to 254 public school teachers as respondents from 25 public schools in DepEd Tagbilaran City Schools Division.
 Findings revealed a moderate influence on the extent of influence of the factors on research culture of Tagbilaran City public schools. Among the factors, Environmental Factor had a greater influence whereas Personal Factor had a lesser influence on the research culture. There was no significant relationship between the teachers’ selected profile and the extent of influence on research culture however sex, designation, and highest educational attainment affect the research productivity level. Moreover, data showed that there was no correlation between the extent of influence of the factors on research culture and research productivity level of the teachers.

Lived Experiences of Interventionists on the Drug Rehabilitation Program

In response to an overwhelming demand for drug abuse treatment services, the Matrix Intensive Outpatient Program (MIOP) was implemented in the Philippines. This study explores the lived experiences of interventionists in drug rehabilitation programs in Tagbilaran City. The researchers conducted a criminological research approach, specifically a qualitative design, in which the researchers used a Key Informant Interview (KII) with the help of an interview guide, field notes, and a voice recorder to collect data. The researchers used Colaizzi's approach to analyze the transcript material from the informant's comments during the interview. Responses were transcribed in a line format to code the significant statement, and linked statements were given defined meanings. After core meanings were given, they were filtered to produce cluster themes, and grouped again to formulate emergent themes as follows: Inter alia, inter alios (Among other things or between other persons.), Docendo discimus (By teaching, we learn.), In absentia lucis, Tenebrae vincunt (In the absence of light, darkness prevails.), Respice finem (Consider the end.), Sapere aude (Dare to know.), Acta non verba (Deeds, not words), and Ad Meliora (Towards better things.) as the study's outcomes. This research shared the lived experiences of drug interventionists which would serve as a guide in developing sustainable programs concerned with rehabilitating drug surrenders.

Generational Attitude Among Gays

Generational Attitude measures the level of acceptance or non-acceptance of gay men in the community as perceived by them. This study's primary purpose is to determine the generational attitude of gays in Tagbilaran City, Bohol, Philippines. A quantitative research method was employed using a self-constructed questionnaire. Percentages, Weighted Mean, Chi-Square Test, ANOVA, and Spearman Rank Correlation were used to analyze the data collected. Overall results showed that the gay respondents' level of attitude yielded a Moderate Level of Acceptance. As a result of the survey's analysis, gay respondents think and believe that non-gays treat them appropriately. They feel that they are respected and accepted for their gay rights. The data revealed that there was a moderate level of acceptance of gay marriage. The findings of the study would form a basis for the intervention program. Moreover, the study lacked respondents who were not members of the LGBTQIA+ Community Tagbilaran. Additional research among gays who came out publicly but are not members of the LGBTQIA+ Community Tagbilaran must be conducted to validate the result of this study.

Lifestyle Among Hypertensive Individuals During the Pandemic in Dao District Tagbilaran City, Bohol

Hypertension is a condition where the force of blood that pushes the walls of the blood vessels is often too high. It is considered a "silent killer" that affects 1 in 4 men and 1 in 5 women. This study utilized the quantitative descriptive-correlational design to determine the lifestyle of one hundred (100) randomly selected hypertensive individuals aged from 21-60 years old in Dao district, Tagbilaran City, Bohol, with the aid of the study questionnaire. It delved into the demographic profile and the Levels of lifestyle employed by the respondents in terms of Diet, Exercise, Stress, Smoking, and Alcohol Consumption. Results revealed that most of the respondents were females, married, 25-29 years old, and 50-54 years old. Data further showed that respondents have a very good lifestyle regarding alcohol intake and stress management and only have a good lifestyle in exercise and diet. When data were subjected to the Spearman rho test and chi-square, it was found that there is a significant relationship between the age and the level of lifestyle employed by the respondents.

EFFECTIVENESS AND HINDRANCES IN THE TEACHING OF PRACTICAL SKILLS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION: FRAMEWORK FOR ENRICHING CONTEMPORARY CURRICULUM DISCOURSE

Physical Education is rooted in physical movement and exploration and is usually held outdoors to make teaching and learning more accessible and meaningful. Since the pandemic happened, schools adopt a new teaching-learning modality which create new host of obstacles for Physical Education teachers, especially in teaching practical skills in Physical Education to the students due to its characteristics. This becomes now challenging to monitor students' progress in performing the skills or whether students have acquired/performed the skills correctly. This study aims to explore the strategies and techniques in the teaching of practical skills in Physical Education in the new normal. This study also identifies the effectiveness and hindrances of the strategies and techniques used. The findings of this study serve as a basis in formulating a framework for enriching contemporary curriculum discourse in physical education of senior high public schools in Tagbilaran City during the school year 2020-2021. Physical Education teachers used a variety of ways in the new normal to effectively teach practical skills in Physical Education, rather than depending solely on printed modular instruction. In teaching the practical skills, task teaching and students submitting video performances were employed. Because of the nature of modular distance learning, students' autonomy for learning is one of the contributing elements to the difficulty of teaching practical skills in physical education. Many students have not yet established sufficient learning autonomy, resulting in learning gaps and preventing them from developing practical skills in physical education. Adding to that is the lack of needed resources such as gadgets and poor internet connections.

Students’ Performance in Applied Industrial Mathematics Based on Identified Variables

This study sought to determine the profile of the respondents in terms of gender, type of School graduated from, IQ, high School grade in Math, mathematics performance in Applied Industrial Mathematics and attitudes towards mathematics. This study also determined the relationship on students’ mathematics performance and the aforementioned variables. The study utilized the descriptive-documentary design. It was conducted at Bohol Island State University Main Campus (BISU-MC), Tagbilaran City. A total of 200 selected first year college students from College of Technology and Allied Sciences (CTAS) were the respondents of the study. Proportional sampling was considered in the study. The researcher utilized the Form 138, Applied Industrial Mathematics grade and IQ. The researcher also used the questionnaire to gather the attitudes towards mathematics. The weighted mean, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation and Point Biserial Correlation were used to treat the data. Based on the findings, the mathematics performance of the students is related to IQ, High School Grade in Math and Attitudes towards mathematics. However, gender and type of school graduated were found out to be not related to mathematics performance. The study recommends that teachers may conduct diagnostic examination to evaluate students’ previous mathematical skills. A policy shall be made by the administration to monitor the conduct of this diagnostic examination. Teachers should also encourage the formation of Math Club. This could help the students enhance their mathematical competencies and their attitudes towards mathematics. The students must be exposed to different techniques in learning mathematics so that their confidence and eagerness in solving mathematical problems and exercises will be enhanced. Students themselves should develop the proper attitudes towards mathematics. The mathematics instructors should be immersed to technology shops so that they could relate technology shop terms in teaching mathematics. A similar research study may be made in line with the other factors that affect students’ mathematics performance. Such factors include teaching style, study habits, class size and students’ reading comprehension skills.

Teachers’ Emotional Labor in Relation to Classroom Management Practices of University of Bohol, Tagbilaran City, Bohol

Teaching is a profession with the highest requirements for emotional labor or the regulation of emotions. Facial expressions, poise, and bearing have an impact on their interaction with the students. Classroom management is a prerequisite to teaching. This study investigates the relationship between college professors' emotional labor and classroom management practices at the University of Bohol (UB) in Tagbilaran City, Bohol. The researcher utilized a quantitative descriptive survey method using the Teachers Emotional Labor Scale developed by Cukur (2009) and Classroom Management Practices of Washburn (2010). The respondents were regular college professors from the 11 tertiary colleges of the UB. The results revealed that college professors had high emotional labor for they are moderately able to manage their emotions during classes and highly practiced their classroom management. Furthermore, results showed an insignificant degree of relationship between the profile of the professors and their emotional labor. Likewise, there was no relationship between the profile and the classroom management practices of the respondents. Results further revealed that the teachers' emotional labor is not correlated with their classroom management practices.

Students’ Level of Stress in Relation to the Academic Performance of Tagbilaran City College

The main thrust of this study was to determine the level of stress in relation to the academic performance of Tagbilaran City College. The study utilized quantitative research. The level of stress of the respondents was determined using a modified standardized questionnaire adopted from Cohen & Mermeistein (1983). Percentages, Weighted Mean, Kruskal-Wallis Test, Chi-Square Test, ANOVA, Spearman Rank Correlation, and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient were used to analyze the data collected. Results showed that the majority of the students were in the age range of 20 – 24 and female. Most of them took the BS Office Administration program, were full-time students and the majority of the respondents were second-year-level. It was revealed that students’ academic performance was interpreted as Very Good in terms of General Education and major subjects. There was an insignificant relationship between Age, Sex, and Course to Level of Stress, but year level was significant to the level of stress. Also, there was an insignificant relationship between Age, Sex, and year level to their Academic Performance, but the course was significant to academic performance. There was no significant relationship between the Level of Stress and academic performance and the study found a significant relationship between the ratings of the General Education subjects and major subjects. Thus, the ratings of the General Education subject can be associated with the major subjects. There is no significant variance between the Level of Stress and the course taken by the students. In addition, there was no significant correlation between the level of stress and sex, which means male and female students have the same level of stress. Moreover, a significant difference between the level of stress and the year level of the students. Second-year students overpowered the First-year students in relation to their level of stress.

Emotional Intelligence and Job Performance of the Teaching Employees at University of Bohol, Tagbilaran City

Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the ability to appraise and express one’s emotions, appraise and recognize the emotion of others, regulate one’s emotion, and use the emotion to facilitate one’s performance. Job performance of teaching employees refers to the instructional skills, personal & social qualities, educational leadership, and executive ability of the teachers, which is evaluated by the employees and their respective department/office head. This study was designed to examine the correlation between EI and job performance of the teaching employees. The study utilized a descriptive quantitative survey method using standardized questionnaires in gathering the data. The study respondents comprised 111 full-time teaching regular employees in different departments of the University of Bohol. This study used the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale with overall reliability between 0.77-0.91, which measured the EI of the respondents. Results displayed a significant positive correlation between EI and job performance. This study implies that as EI increases, the job performance of the teaching employees also increases. Moreover, the job performance between self-evaluation and office head evaluation does not significantly differ. This research indicates that the evaluation scores have no difference in how the teaching employees rated themselves and their respective office/department heads.

Level of Effectiveness of PNP Frontliners in Preventing the Spread of Covid-19 in Tagbilaran City, Bohol

This study sought to determine the level of effectiveness of the Philippine National Police (PNP) front liners in preventing the spread of COVID-19 in Tagbilaran City, Bohol from the perspective of both the PNP officers and the residents of Tagbilaran City. This study utilized a quantitative method and survey technique to describe the level of effectiveness of the PNP front liners in gathering data. Three hundred (300) randomly selected residents from random households in Tagbilaran City and thirty (30) PNP Front liners were made participants in the study. On the effectiveness in enforcing the preventive measures against COVID-19 in the City of Tagbilaran, it was rated as strongly effective by both the PNP officers and the residents. Data revealed a significant relationship between the profile of the two groups of respondents on the level of effectiveness in the enforcement of preventive measures. In conclusion, the PNP front liners have demonstrated their adequacy in carrying out their obligation, execution of public health safety protocols, and appropriate application of laws towards keeping the community safe from the fatal impact of COVID-19, and most of the respondents were on the same line of thinking of the execution as to rules in response to control the spread in their locality. It is recommended that the PNP continue the strict implementation of its policies and guidelines in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Stress Level and Coping Strategies Among Medical Frontliners in Tagbilaran City, During the Covid 19 Pandemic

Stress is the body's nonspecific response to demand. Coping refers to things people do to protect themselves from life's challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected our lives as it caused additional stress to people worldwide, especially the medical frontliners. Stress dramatically influences our mood, sense of well-being, behavior, and health. This study aimed to determine the stress level and coping strategies among the medical frontliners in Tagbilaran City. It utilized the descriptive quantitative research design aided with a self-made questionnaire based on the "Person-Environment Fit Theory" by Kurt Lewin to measure the respondent's level of stress and a standardized Questionnaire entitled "The Coping Resources Inventory for Stress (CRIS)." The questionnaire was subjected to pilot testing. The result for Cronbach's test was 0.862, which was acceptable. Forty-seven (47) respondents were randomly selected to participate in the study, 18 of the forty-seven nurses were working at Bohol Cooperative Hospital, and twenty-nine (29) were from Borja Family Hospital. Primary ethical concerns were observed throughout the study as it underwent an ethics review from the University of Bohol Research Ethics Committee. Respondents' participation was based on the signed informed consent ensuring their privacy and anonymity. Data were subjected to the Chi-Square test and Spearman Rank Correlation using SPSS. The results showed that the respondents were moderately stressed regarding work-related factors and mildly stressed with personal-related factors, which challenged their ability to manage Stress. Results further revealed that respondents were above-average stress-copers.

Reading Fluency of Students, Tagbilaran City College, Tagbilaran City, Bohol

Reading is an essential macro skill everyone should develop, especially students. The primary thrust of this study was to determine the student's reading fluency in Tagbilaran City College, Tagbilaran City, Bohol, for Academic Year 2019-2020. This quantitative research involved 256 first-year students in all degree programs. This study utilized the free reading speed test software of the Ace Reader program as a tool to determine reading fluency in terms of speed and comprehension. As to the findings, it revealed that the respondents are Instructional readers. Moreover, the study found that there is no significant relationship between students’ profiles and reading fluency. There is no significant difference in reading fluency between male and female respondents. However, there is a significant variance in the reading fluency of the respondents among complexity levels. Furthermore, the post hoc analysis using the Pairwise Comparisons showed that the respondents have a faster reading speed in the Critical, Interpretive, and Applied Complexity levels. Also, it revealed that the respondents have the highest comprehension at the Literal level and the lowest at the Critical level. The study also showed that the respondents have better reading fluency in the Literal and Interpretive levels than in the Applied and Critical levels. The study concluded that the respondents tend to read faster as the complexity level increases; however, they tend to comprehend less as the complexity level increases. Hence, the respondents' fluency decreased as the complexity level increased.

Challenges And Coping Mechanisms of Work-Related Stress of Police Officers During the Covid-19 Pandemic

The study intended to explore the stress cognizance of Tagbilaran Philippine National Police (PNP) Personnel in Tagbilaran City in 2021. Research participants were asked to answer the following: what were their stressful experiences and how did they resolve and address their work distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The study utilized a qualitative method employing the descriptive-phenomenological approach using an interview guide with open-ended questions in exploring the work distress of the police officers in Tagbilaran City and their experiences as front liners in the COVID-19 Pandemic. There were ten selected police officers in the Tagbilaran City Police Station. Colaizzi’s method or phenomenological analysis procedure was used in analyzing the responses of the informants. From the gathered data, through the recorded response of the informants, there were eight (8) substantial emergent themes formulated as follows: Upside down, Fear is universal, Circumvention, A complication to a delinquent person, Desire for power and success, Benefits of hard work, Discontented, and Approved Responsibility.