Taekwondo Program Research Articles

12주간 실버태권도 프로그램 수행이 과체중 여성노인의 SFT, 폐기능 및 대사증후군 위험인자에 미치는 영향

This study investigated the effects of a 12-week Taekwondo program SFT, lung function, and metabolic syndrome risk factors in overweight elderly women 65-75 years. The participants were assigned to two groups: STG, n=15 and a cCG, n=15. The silver Taekwondo program was conducted 3 times per week and the session was consist of 60 min for 12 weeks. To test the time interactions between the STG and the CG, to collected data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA. A paired t-test was used for the within-group pre-post differences, and an independent t-test was used for the between-group differences. The level of significance was set at .05. As a result, most of the items of SFT changed positively, main effects between FEV1 and FEV1/FVC(p<.05) were found in lung function, and the interaction effects in TG(p<.01), fasting glucose(p<.05) in risk factors for metabolic syndrome, the main effects between periods in SBP(p<.05), DBP(p<.001), and inter-group main effects in WC(p<.05). In summary, had a positive effect on SFT and metabolic function. In addition, these results may help improve the quality of life by preventing cardiovascular disease in the future.

FEATURES OF TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL ACTIONS IN A TAEKWONDO FIGHT FOR SHORT ATHLETES

The article discusses the features of tactical and technical actions in a taekwondo match for short athletes. Relevance. Knowing and taking into account the anthropometric characteristics of an opponent allows you to prepare for battle more eff ectively, in particular, adapt your tactics and strategy to the individual characteristics of the enemy. It becomes relevant to study the features of tactical and technical actions in a taekwondo match for short athletes. Problem, goal, tasks. The purpose of the study is to consider the features of tactical and technical actions in a taekwondo match for short athletes. Research objectives: 1. Priority for close combat due to the lower center of gravity and stability. In this regard, avoiding long distance allows you to deliver short blows to your opponent and make blocks. 2. Maneuverability and speed of movement due to shorter strikes and avoidance of attacks and counterattacks at short distances. 3. Using a low stance, which makes it diffi cult for the enemy to strike from the head. 4. Higher frequency of impacts to the legs due to low height. 5. Quick and powerful strikes to the lower body. However, for a short athlete there is a high risk of receiving blows from above. Materials and Methods of research: analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization of scientifi c sources on the research problem. Results and its discussion. The relevance of studying the characteristics of combat by short athletes is substantiated. It is noted that the taekwondo program should include a block of educational and training activities, which includes exercises that take into account individual body proportions, the height of the op-ponent, and is aimed at analyzing the actions of a short opponent, combat tactics, and possible risks for the athlete. The results of competitions with the participation of short athletes for the period 2019–2023 are systematized. An analysis of observations of competitions with the participation of short athletes was carried out and the features of tactical and technical actions in a WTF taekwondo match were determined. These include 1) the priority of close combat due to the lower center of gravity and stability, 2) maneuverability and speed of movement due to shorter strikes and avoidance of attacks and counterattacks at short distances, 3) the use of a low stance, which complicates the task of striking with the head parts of the opponent, 4) higher frequency of strikes to the legs due to low height, 5) fast and powerful strikes to the lower body. However, for a short athlete there is a high risk of receiving gifts from above. Conclusions. It is concluded that the tactical and technical actions of a short athlete, their features and risks for the enemy.

Impact of adapted taekwondo vs. multicomponent training on health status in independent older women: a randomized controlled trial.

This study, called the TKD and Aging Project, aimed to analyze and compare the effects of an adapted taekwondo program concerning multicomponent training on blood pressure, morphological variables, food consumption frequency, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical fitness, handgrip strength, and postural balance in independent older women. A randomized controlled trial study was conducted with parallel groups for 8 weeks (24 sessions of 60 min each), employing a double-blind design and incorporating repeated measures. Twenty-eight older women initially participated in the intervention. Three participants were excluded because they did not participate in the re-assessments. Thus, 14 older women from the adapted taekwondo group (TKD; age: 62.86 ± 2.38 years) and 11 from the multicomponent training group (MCT; age: 63.18 ± 1.94 years) participated in the final analysis. A two-factor mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) model with repeated measures was performed to measure the time × group effect. The TKD showed significant improvements in the mental health (p = 0.024; ES = 0.91) and general health (p < 0.001; ES = 0.75) dimensions of the HRQoL, as well as in the chair stand (p = 0.001; ES = 1.18), arm curl (p < 0.001; ES = 2.10), 2-min step (p < 0.001; ES = 1.73), and chair sit-and-reach (p = 0.001; ES = 0.91) tests. Additionally, it showed a significant reduction in postural balance for the eyes-closed condition in the center of the pressure area (p = 0.021; ES = 0.89), mean velocity (p = 0.004; ES = 0.79), and mediolateral velocity (p < 0.001; ES = 1.26). However, the MCT showed significant increases in the general health (p = 0.013; ES = 0.95) dimension of the HRQoL and a significant reduction (p = 0.039; ES = 0.28) in the mediolateral velocity of postural balance for the eyes-closed condition. Multiple comparisons showed that the TKD scored significantly higher in the chair stand (p = 0.017; ES = 1.79), arm curl (p = 0.003; ES = 1.77), and 2-min step (p = 0.018; ES = 0.91) tests than the MCT. Compared to multicomponent training, taekwondo improves postural balance and provides better benefits in terms of physical fitness and HRQoL for older women. Therefore, it is possible to recommend it as a safe physical activity strategy, as long as it is well-dosed, since it showed high adherence to intervention in older women.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF TAEKWONDO INTERVENTION IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN NURSING HOMES

Abstract Physical inactivity is prevalent among nursing home residents, and it contributes to loss of lower body muscle mass, which raises the risk of falling for the older adult population. Accumulative evidence shows that engaging in leisure-time physical activity improves physical functions, mental health, and cognitive capacities and provides social benefits in older adults. Taekwondo, a form of Korean traditional martial arts, has the potential to improve the health benefits among nursing home residents in the United States. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the health advantages for nursing home residents of participation in a Taekwondo program modified to accommodate their physical and cognitive conditions. An observational research method was incorporated to explore the health benefits of Taekwondo. 10 prospective participants (5 females, 5 males; mean age = 80 years) from the local nursing home facility participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. The researchers employed Strauss and Corbin's (1998) grand-tour and mini-tour question strategies, as well as Creswell's (2009) five phases of data gathering and analysis. The constant comparative approach was utilized to analyze the data in this study. As a consequence of participating in Taekwondo, four key themes were recognized as health benefits: (a) supporting mental health, (b) increasing physical functions, (c) stimulating cognitive capacities, and (d) facilitating healthy social connection. The findings of this study suggest that Taekwondo might be utilized as a therapeutic intervention to improve physical activity and reduce the negative psychological effects of nursing home confinement.

Quality of Life of Taekwondo Players: An Assessment Using WHOQOL-BREF

The present study aimed to assess male and female Taekwondo (TKD) players based on four domains of World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) -BREF and to find the dominant domain in TKD players' life. Forty-six (46) male and fifty-five (55) female participants were included in the study through purposive random sampling. The information on four quality of life domains, i.e., physical health, psychological, social relationship, and environment, were gathered through the WHOQOL-BREF Bengali version (WHO, 2020) questionnaire. The researchers analysied the data through descriptive analysis, ANOVA, LSD, and students' t-tests at 0.05 level of significance. The analysis revealed that irrespective of Gender, the social relation domain plays a dominant role in TKD players' life, and the male TKD players are better than their female counterparts in the physical health domain only. Based on the result, we concluded that regular practice and participation in the TKD program help the participant to develop all four aspects of WHOQOL-BREF. Among the four domains, the participants scored significantly better in the social relation domain in both gender groups. The interpersonal relations and interaction among the players during a practice session and competition may be the possible reason behind such kind of result. In the inter-group comparison, the male participants responded significantly better in the physical health domain than the female participants, possibly because of some physical and physiological gender differences.

Effectiveness of Adapted Taekwondo, Multi-Component Training and Walking Exercise on Health Status in Independent Older Women: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (TKD &amp; Aging Project)

Simple SummaryThe benefits of regular physical activity on various health variables in older people have been extensively reported in scientific evidence. Resistance training, multi-component training, and walking exercise are the most commonly used physical activity interventions in older people, while interventions with adapted taekwondo are less common but have similar results to the strategies mentioned above. As a result, this study protocol aims to analyze and compare the effects of an adapted taekwondo program with respect to multi-component training and walking exercise on health status in independent older women. Secondarily, we analyze the variability of the inter-individual response and compare it according to the designated training system. According to the current scientific evidence we expect that adapted taekwondo will produce more significant effects and greater inter-individual responses in cognitive status, brain activity, health-related quality of life, and postural balance than the other training methods. If this intervention proves effective, it could be an alternative for older women.This study protocol aims to analyze and compare the effects of an adapted taekwondo program with respect to multi-component training and walking exercise on health status in independent older women. Secondarily, we analyze the variability of the inter-individual response and compare it according to the designated training system. The sample will consist of 64 women between 60 and 65 years, randomly assigned to experimental group 1 (n = 16; adapted taekwondo), experimental group 2 (n = 16; multi-component training), experimental group 3 (n = 16, walking exercise) or control group (n = 16; no intervention). The experimental groups will perform the designated training for three sessions (60 min per session) per week over 16-weeks, while the control group will not receive any treatment. The main outcome will provide information about (i) blood pressure, (ii) lipid profile, (iii) frequency of food consumption, (iv) body composition, (v) cognitive status, (vi) brain activity, (vii) health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and (viii) physical-functional fitness. Our hypothesis indicates that adapted taekwondo produces more significant effects and greater inter-individual responses in cognitive status, brain activity, HRQoL, and postural balance than the others training methods. If this intervention proves effective, it could be an alternative for older women.

Intergenerational Taekwondo Program: A Narrative Review and Practical Intervention Proposal.

Taekwondo is a modernized martial art that includes various combinations of hand and kicking techniques and core values of Taekwondo philosophy such as courtesy, mutual respect, and self-control. Physical inactivity is highly prevalent among older adults and is a major contributor to health-related problems. Intergenerational physical activity programs are used as an effective tool to make a positive connection between generations and provide additional health benefits for both generations. This review study aimed to examine the theories of intergenerational physical activity programs and propose the Intergenerational Taekwondo Program (ITP). Various theories such as the transtheoretical model, contact theory, social capital theory, situated learning theory, human development theory, personality theory, and whole-person wellness model have been adopted in intergenerational physical activity programs. Our review suggests that to develop the Intergenerational Taekwondo Program, instructors should (1) establishing common goals, (2) understand differences in physical and mental abilities, and (3) offer incentives to encourage participants in physical activity programs. The proposed ITP program has the potential to not just provide unique inherent values and improving physical functions, but also to form generational connections.

The effects of modified Taekwondo on measures of functional fitness in older adults: a pilot study

Functional fitness represents the physical capacity needed to perform activities of daily living, independently without undue fatigue, deteriorates with age. Taekwondo is a traditional form of martial arts training that has shown several positive effects on fitness in younger adults. However, a paucity of research has investigated the impact of modified Taekwondo training in older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to implement a modified Taekwondo program for older adults over the age of 60 and determine its impact on functional fitness. Fifteen participants from a Taekwondo exercise class (average age: 72.7 years) and 10 non-exercising controls (average age: 73.8 years) participated. Functional fitness for all participants was pre-tested and post-tested using the following measures: = finger to nose test (FTNT) = timed single-leg stance (TSLS), timed up and go (TUG) = 30-second sit to stand test (30S2ST), 30-second arm curl test (ACT), two-minute step in place (2SIPT), chair sit and reach test (CSRT), back scratch test (BST). No significant differences were found between pre-test and post-test measures for both groups. Effect sizes showed that the intervention had a small effect on hand-eye coordination, timed single-leg balance, upper limb strength, aerobic fitness, and lower limb flexibility. Despite no functional effect, six weeks of modified Taekwondo training still reached improvements in balance, aerobic fitness, and lower limb flexibility.

The Feasibility of Taekwondo for Addressing Social Interaction and Social Participation in Children

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience physical, social, and emotional barriers that impact participation in extracurricular activities, such as taekwondo. Engaging in taekwondo may provide opportunities for advancing social abilities as well as developing health-promoting behaviors and routines. Therefore, the purpose of this feasibility study was to explore the effectiveness of using a form of martial arts, taekwondo, as an intervention to promote social participation in everyday life. Method: A mixed-methods design was used. Three children between 7 and 8 years of age who met the ASD criteria participated in a 7-week taekwondo program. The children engaged in interviews before and after the program. The parents completed the Autism Social Skills Profile-2 (ASSP-2) and completed pre and post interviews. Results: Four themes emerged from the qualitative data: social interactions, physical abilities, community barriers and supports, and intervention feasibility. Overall, the qualitative data highlighted the children’s increased confidence with social interaction, interests in exploring activities, and program satisfaction. Although not statistically significant, the ASSP-2 scores increased for each child after participation in the program. Conclusion: This study suggests that taekwondo may promote self-confidence in social and physical abilities, leisure exploration, and participation in children with social interaction skills deficits.

Sport Scientification of TAEKWONDO for the 4.0 Generation

Purpose: Taekwondo is gaining global popularity as a sport through gyeorugi, poomsae, and demonstra-tions. As a proposal for the better development of Taekwondo, I would like to emphasize the importance of scientification. Methods: There is a need for systematic efforts to create a new Taekwondo for sports science that inte-grates with artificial intelligence, virtual reality, the robot industry, big data, and biological chemistry. Above all, we must not forget the essence of human-centered Taekwondo. The development of contents as an education-al program centered on the moral value of Taekwondo and the development of Taekwondo in fusion with cul-ture must be emphasized continuously. Results: As a specific project, scientific research on Taekwondo to present evidence for health promotion and academic research for cutting-edge science in competition sports are representative. In order to establish itself as a sport and improve performance, more intensive efforts on the use of cutting-edge science are em-phasized to solve the abundance of problems such as stadium specifications, game time, scoring type, judg-ment method, and electronic tooling of sportswear and shoes. The development of a taekwondo program as a rehabilitation sport for the recovery of human inner and physical function can be a new attempt in considera-tion of changes in the times including low birthrate and aging. Conclusion: Taekwondo should play a role in protecting human body shape in excellent form while converg-ing with more diverse disciplines to promote health and improve athletic performance. Just as many changes in human science have been accompanied by culture and religion, efforts to find human-centered Taekwondo science should also be attempted.

Effects of Regular Taekwondo Intervention on Health-Related Physical Fitness, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Elderly Women with Hypertension.

Regular exercise has been proven to prevent hypertension and to help in the management of hypertension. There is a lack of studies examining changes in these issues as a result of Taekwondo training intervention. The aim of the current trial is to identify the effects of a regular Taekwondo (TKD) training program on health-related physical fitness (HRPF), cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, inflammatory factors, and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) in elderly women with hypertension. To accomplish this, 20 participants, who were older women with hypertension, were divided into a TKD group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 10). The TKD program was conducted in program for 90 min, three times a week, for 12 weeks. Outcomes, including body composition, blood pressure (BP), HRPF, cardiovascular risk factor and EAT, were measured before and after the Taekwondo program. The 12-week TKD program improved body composition, BP, HRPF, CVD risk factor, and EAT in elderly women with hypertension relative to controls. Meanwhile, EAT and interukin-1β (r = 0.530, p < 0.05), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (r = 0.524, p < 0.05), triglyceride (r = 0.493, p < 0.05) and sedentary behavior (r = 0.459, p < 0.05) presented a positive correlation, while EAT and lean body mass (r = −0.453, p < 0.05) showed a negative correlation. The 12-week regular TKD training intervention was found to be effective in reducing the thickness of EAT measured by multi-detector computed tomography and can also enhance health-related physical fitness and risk factors of CVD in older individuals with hypertension.

스마트폰 과의존 비만 여대생의 태권도 프로그램 참여가 대사증후군 지표와 수면의 질에 미치는 영향

스마트폰 과의존 비만 여대생의 태권도 프로그램 참여가 대사증후군 지표와 수면의 질에 미치는 영향

태권도장 수련생 학부모들의 구매의사결정과정 분석

The purpose of study was to analyze the purchasing decision making process focused on students‘ parents of Taekwondo gym. The 270 questionnaires were distributed to students’ parents of Taekwondo gym through convenience sampling and 247 samples were included in the actual analysis. Data were analyzed for Frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, cluster analysis and chi-square by using SPSS Ver. 24.0. The Chi-square results shows significant (p＜.05) difference according to academic qualification, age group, residence and participation period. And there is not significant (p＜.05) difference according to gender and profession. In purchasing decision-making process of the Taekwondo trainees’parents physical fitness training is the major factors of recognizing problems, mostly internet(moble)was used to search the informations, registeration was done by personally visiting and mostly recommendation was done after satisfaction of Taekwondo program.

실버태권도 프로그램이 제2형 당뇨병 비만 고령여성의 자립생활체력과 우울 및 당뇨 인자에 미치는 영향

실버태권도 프로그램이 제2형 당뇨병 비만 고령여성의 자립생활체력과 우울 및 당뇨 인자에 미치는 영향

실버 태권도 프로그램 개발을 위한 실행연구

실버 태권도 프로그램 개발을 위한 실행연구

Change of Taekwondo-dojang Culture

The purpose of this study is to examine how the Taekwondo-dojang culture changed from the past to the present and deeply examine the characteristics of the change. The research method was the in - depth interview method which is a qualitative research method. The participants of the study are currently operating the Taekwondo-dojang 4 Taekwondo master in 2019 and selected at least over 10 years. The method of data collection was conducted by interviewing individual participants. The results were as follows. First, the culture of Taekwondo-dojang changed from the past due to the change of the Taekwondo program. Second, the change of the Taekwondo master. Third, the change of the determinants of the painting. It was understood that the culture of Taekwondo-dojang changed constantly due to the flow of the times and the needs of trainees, and it will be changed continuously. Although the value of Taekwondo does not change, It is predicted that the forms and methods of training will change to be human-oriented and user-oriented.

16주간의 태권도 프로그램이 비만 초등학생의 자세조절에 미치는 영향

16주간의 태권도 프로그램이 비만 초등학생의 자세조절에 미치는 영향

중국청소년 태권도 수련에 따른 예절의식 및 정신건강의 관계

This study conducted a gap analysis to identify the presence/absence of experience with Taekwondo training in Chinese teenagers, difference between etiquette consciousness and emotional health depending on strength of training, and relationship of Taekwondo training with etiquette consciousness and emotional health among them. In this study, 371 middle school students who completed Taekwondo program at taekwondo studios located in four cities, Henan, China were extracted from Jan. 26 to Feb. 10, 2018. 192 middle school students who did not complete the program were also extracted. For data analysis, the conclusions drawn through frequency analysis, MANOVA analysis, ANOVA analysis, exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach

태권도 사범의 몰도바 태권도 보급 활동에 관한 사례연구

The purpose of this study is to find out the various difficulties revealed in the experience of the dissemination motivation, dissemination process, and dissemination of the participants of the study for the dissemination of Taekwondo in Moldova and to search for cases to overcome these problems. This article investigates those masters’ diverse experiences in spreading Taekwondo in the country and proposes some realistic solutions to overcome obstacles they encountered in the process. This article employs a case study in an attempt to analyze research participants’ interviews about spreading Taekwondo in Moldova. Those interviews were converted into written documents, and we used inductive analysis method to analyze the documents. In this article, we first briefly explain the motivation and process of teaching Taekwondo, such as the reason to spread Taekwondo in Moldova, designing WT Taekwondo program, or participating in promotion test as judges. We then recount the difficulties in understanding technology differences, overcoming communication barriers, or handling financial issues. Third, we narrate the ways in which Korean Taekwondo masters tried to resolve those difficulties; appointing Moldovan disciples as Taekwondo masters or producing teaching materials. Those participants in Moldova should not be interpreted simply as individual experiences, but they have an academic importance to share with other physical education teachers and scholars alike.

Effects of the 12-weeks Growth and Cognition Focused Taekwondo Program to Fitness, Growth, and Cognitive Function in Elementary Students

Effects of the 12-weeks Growth and Cognition Focused Taekwondo Program to Fitness, Growth, and Cognitive Function in Elementary Students