Business Systems Research Articles

Collaborative Governance dalam Pengembangan UMKM Pasca Covid-19 di Kabupaten Bogor

The business structure in Bogor Regency, according to Online Single Submission (OSS) data, is dominated by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This should provide quite a large opportunity to increase the contribution of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in West Java. However, the contribution of MSMEs in Bogor Regency to GRDP is still lower than that of MSMEs in Bekasi Regency, Bandung City, and Karawang Regency, which have fewer MSMEs than Bogor Regency. This research aims to identify traditional collaborations that have been carried out and plan collaborative action strategies that can be implemented by the Bogor Regency Government. The research method used by the author is a qualitative approach. The qualitative approach places more emphasis on observing phenomena that exist in the research subject, namely the collaborative governance strategy of Bogor Regency MSMEs. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and literature studies. The findings from this research are that there has been no evaluation regarding the effectiveness of traditional forms of cooperation in developing MSMEs in Bogor Regency. Collaborative governance in the development of post-COVID-19 MSMEs in Bogor Regency can be carried out through the Ansell & Gash stage approach, which involves government, private, community, and academic stakeholders.

Understanding of Business Ethics in Nations Through a Comparison of American and Turkish Business Ethics Literature

This study aims to contribute to field studies by discussing how the sources of hypernorms in different countries with different cultural contexts affect different understanding of business ethics based on a content analysis of articles published in Turkey and the United States of America retrieved from academic databases querying ‘business ethics’ in their titles. Results for Turkey show that the historically- and culturally-rooted understanding of sovereign state manifests itself both in its national business system, paternalistic features and a high-power-distance society. As a result of the sovereign state ideology, the dominant local economic community in Turkey is the state which can lay down ethical norms for its members through micro-social contracts. This ultimately lays the groundwork for the emergence of a context-specific business ethics approach. By contrast, the dominant local economic community seems to be the corporations in the USA where the micro-social contract may include that establishing strong ethical principles is the responsibility of corporations as the state does not fully regulate the relationship between individuals and businesses.

Trends Affecting CRM Processes of Large Industry Companies

Abstract: Business processes in industrial companies are subject to constant change, which is why especially those companies must try to stay up to date in order to counteract the negative effects of these changes. The aim of this study was to research which developments, influencing factors and trends affect the Customer Relationship Management business processes of large industrial companies. With the help of a qualitatively oriented systematic literature research of practical studies 13 important influences were identified. The result shows that a strong customer centricity is developing in industrial companies, which will change future business processes and IT-supported business systems today and in the future. This study can serve as a starting point for further research in industrial companies that plan to modify or transform business processes.

Balancing Equity and Innovation of Japanese Corporate Governance

This paper critically examines Japanese corporate governance, evaluating its role as a benefit or constraint in achieving equity and efficiency. It contrasts Japan's stakeholder-oriented model, characterized by long-term stability and employee-centric management, with the shareholder-focused frameworks of the United States and the United Kingdom. The analysis focuses on the unique roles of CEOs in Japan, emphasizing their responsibility toward employee welfare over short-term financial gains. It further explores Japan's historical business structures, including Zaibatsu and Keiretsu, which foster interconnected corporate networks but limit flexibility and innovation. The relationship between firms and main banks within Keiretsu is analyzed, highlighting their role in financial oversight and stability. Additionally, the study addresses Japan's "Three Sacred Treasures" of labor-management relations—lifetime employment, seniority-based wages, and enterprise unions—as integral to its governance approach. Despite its strengths, Japan’s model faces challenges, including limited board independence and slow decision-making processes. Recent reforms aimed at increasing transparency and aligning with global governance standards are discussed, suggesting a shift toward a hybrid model that blends traditional stability with market responsiveness. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolving dynamics of Japanese corporate governance, offering insights into its impact on Japan’s global economic competitiveness.

Strategies for promoting golf in countries with low popularity of this sport

The relevance of the topic is due to the need to expand the range of mass sports disciplines and integrate new sports into the culture of various regions. In countries where golf has not yet become widespread, it is often associated with elitism and high financial barriers. This limits the development of sports and distorts its perception in society. The study aims to analyze and evaluate strategies aimed at popularizing golf in such countries, to identify the most effective approaches to overcoming social, economic, and cultural barriers that hinder its development. Contradictions have been identified related to the availability of golf, high infrastructure costs, and limited support from the private sector in emerging economies. The conclusion is formulated that the successful promotion of golf requires a combination of educational programs, the use of modern technologies, partnerships with business structures, and the creation of accessible infrastructure. However, it is necessary to adapt strategies for each State, taking into account its specifics. That is why, within the framework of the article, special attention is paid to the systematization of their advantages and the most obvious limitations. The materials will be useful for sports managers, organizers of sports events, government agencies, as well as investors interested in the development of sports.

Financial Re-Engineering and Customer Performance of Poultry Business in Nigeria

The poultry business is the largest private sector employer and contributes 25% to Nigeria’s agricultural gross domestic product. The process of capturing poultry business performance using the balanced scorecard performance pillar of customer performance had not been completely integrated in prior research. Therefore, this study looked at how financial re-engineering affected the customer performance of the chicken industry in Nigeria using proxies for business strategy, business processes and systems, business technology, organizational structure, and organizational culture. The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study were 4324 active farmers and support services of the key poultry business stakeholders in the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. The sample size of 450 was determined using Taro Yamane sample size formula. Strata random sampling technique were used to select the respondents from the geo-political zones. A structured and valid questionnaire, using 5 level Likert-scale, were administered to the respondents with a response rate of 84%. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients for the constructs ranged from 0.87 to 0.95. Descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) analysis were used to analyse the data at 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that all financial re-engineering exerted significance effect on customer performance (Adj.R2 = 0.520 F(5,379) = 82.950, P < 0.05). The study concluded that financial re-engineering has significant effect on customer performance of poultry business in Nigeria and recommended that poultry business owners and management in Nigeria should integrate financial re-engineering into their processes in order to optimize production and attract premium customers with attendant total performance expectations.

Genetic elements of a long-standing family business: An analysis of five century-old family businesses based on grounded theory

Succession is a major threat to the sustainable growth of family businesses. This study proposes that the growth of a family business is a co-evolutionary process involving multiple memes, and a family business undergoes succession through memes. To address this exploratory question, the author analyzes entrepreneurial behavior in five well-known century-old Western family enterprises based on grounded theory, and constructs a deoxyribonucleic acid model of the family business. The model not only reveals the most prominent memes in the complex meme system of a family business, but also illustrates the connectivity of different strengths among the organizational memes. The implications and recommendations derived from this study indicate that family businesses should develop specialization and succession capabilities through memes, and explore different means of innovation and adaptation to realize cross-generational growth.

Development of innovative business structures in the digital society

Development of innovative business structures in the digital society

Valoración de los factores de riesgo y estrategias de intervención respecto del suicidio y sus tentativas en adolescentes de entre 15 y 24 años en la ciudad de San Francisco (Córdoba, Argentina)

The following article offers an exhaustive study on the problem of suicide in adolescents, assessing the most relevant risk indicators in the most vulnerable age group, considered between 15 and 24 years of age. This study has been carried out by students and teachers from the University of Social and Business Sciences (UCES) in the city of San Francisco (Córdoba, Argentina), and, also, it offers possible intervention strategies to facilitate detection and prevention in significant contexts, particularly, in social, family, and/or educational environments.

Your room is ready: Tourism and urban revival

Tourism is an essential sector of the global economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment. Despite its importance, our understanding of its impact on urban economic activity remains limited. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining the impact of tourism on urban transformation using a dataset of hotel openings in Madrid from 2001–2010. I show that hotel openings positively impact the number of establishments and employment by using the number of protected buildings as an instrumental variable to account for the non-random distribution of hotel openings. Interestingly, hotel openings contribute to changes in the composition of the economic activities and the business structures, enhancing tourist-oriented corporate-owned businesses over other individual-owned companies. Finally, economic effects extend to the real estate market, increasing rental prices and residential investment.

Evolving Business Systems in the Era of Machine Learning

This comprehensive article explores the transformative impact of machine learning (ML) on modern business systems across various industries. It examines the rapid growth of ML adoption, its key applications in areas such as insurance, fraud detection, and e-commerce, and the significant improvements in efficiency and decision-making it enables. The document also delves into the synergistic benefits of combining advanced modeling techniques like Kinray Weblink with Agile methodologies, and the crucial role of visualization tools such as Microsoft Visio in enhancing business process management. Through a wealth of statistical data and industry examples, this analysis demonstrates how ML and associated technologies fundamentally reshape business operations, drive innovation, and create substantial economic value.

Hymer and the theory of the MNE: A commentary

AbstractThis article provides a commentary on the paper by Pitelis and Piteli on Hymer as the pioneer of the theory of the multinational enterprise (MNE). I suggest that Stephen Hymer and his contemporary, John Dunning, also laid the foundation for an analysis of an international business (IB) system, which reaches well beyond the theory of the MNE and its strategy. I argue firstly that early IB theories, including Hymer's, which emerged from the late 1950s onwards, mostly had a holistic view of the IB system, of which the MNE was just one element. Secondly, I contend that both Hymer and Dunning developed from the outset some seminal ideas on the interrelationships that exist between the MNE and its strategy, on the one hand, and the wider economic and social environment in which firms are embedded, on the other. I suggest that Dunning's eclectic paradigm was intended as a framework for the study of the IB system in its entirety as a complex, relational system. Thirdly, while Hymer's ideas on cross‐border geographic hierarchy, uneven development and IB were highly original and remain relevant today, they need to be substantially updated and revised in the current IB context, as opposed to the context which prevailed in the IB system of the 1950s through to the 1970s.

Accounting by decree: The impact of government policy on cost practices in the United States of America – 1933 to 1939

This article explores the impact of federal government policy and societal trends on cost practices and management techniques used to support business structures within the United States between 1933 and 1939. These dates reflect the influence of the Great Depression in the USA. Specifically, we explore the influence of the National Industrial Recovery Act (1933) on the development of costing and pricing policies from the perspective of the social rule system theory. Using this theory and source documents from the ‘New Deal’ period and the National Industrial Recovery Act, the article explores the costing assumptions underlying the Act's definition of ‘cost’. The Act was enforced through government policy (1933 to 1935) and supported by the Blue Eagle symbol throughout the period. This resulted in a pseudo-competitive market structure where Blue Eagle costing (full cost recovery and earning a ‘fair and reasonable’ profit) became the basis for market pricing and business management.

Competing strategies between public and private self: separation and diffusion of the entrepreneurial identity of solo entrepreneurs on social media

Social media are gaining significance in organizations and their business strategies. Therefore, the self-presentation of solo entrepreneurs on social media requires a strategic analysis and concept due to their specific business structure. Solo entrepreneurs work on their own without having any employees in their company. In other words, they stay as the personification of a one-(wo)man-firm. The business structure of solo entrepreneurs is particular since they operate in the most decentralized form of a firm, which is a one-person firm. In some way, solo entrepreneurs can be regarded as independent (self-employed) laborers. When presenting themselves online, they must decide which characteristics of the private self should be emphasized and which should be incorporated into the entrepreneurial identity to be useful to the business. Our qualitative study conducted twelve semi-structured interviews with solo entrepreneurs to understand how they present themselves on social media and how the solo entrepreneur offered online differs from the private self. We have found that there are features of the personal self that are kept strictly out of the entrepreneurial sphere, but there are areas that make a mix of personal and entrepreneurial selves. Our results help to understand the group of solo entrepreneurs and their unique characteristics in an increasingly important field of digital media.

Control Method For Processes in a Horizontal Organization and its Relationship with Business Success Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)

Objective: This study aims to develop an appropriate control method for a horizontal organization that is managed by processes, based on the establishment of the functioning of this type of organizations from a theoretical conceptual point of view and in application of the mathematical method to find an appropriate equation. Methodology: In this research, the descriptive and analytical approach was used, both to understand the functioning of the processes of the horizontal organization and to infer the relationship between the fulfillment of the objectives of the different types of processes, assigning a specific weight to each one according to its relative impact on the mission and formulating the equations whose development converged in the proposed control method. Results: The results show that this method not only provides an effective quantitative tool for strategic decision making, but also faithfully reflects the collaborative and decentralized nature of horizontal organizations. The practical application of the equation will allow managers to prioritize the most critical processes and align actions with strategic objectives and mission. Conclusions: The development of the work confirmed the possibility of generating a control method for a horizontal organization based on the evaluation of its processes, thus becoming a decision-making tool that ensures organizational success, a necessary condition for having efficient business structures that support the growth of society aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

Research on the Coupled Representation of Model and Data Integration Guided by Metadata Sets

Abstract. Aiming at the problems of islands, redundancy and sharing difficulties of spatial and temporal business models and data in geospatial and spatial business systems, this paper proposes an integrated and coupled expression method of models and data guided by metadata sets, based on the research on core metadata of information resources and component-based encapsulation. First of all, this method classifies the model and data features, and constructs the metadata description and expression framework dominated by feature meta-components; then, establishes metadata sets through the expansion of the metadata description and expression framework; then, constructs the correlation between the model and the data through the use of the established metadata sets by means of the component-based encapsulation method, so as to complete the integrated coupling of the model and the data; and finally, realises the integrated coupling expression of the model and the data in the digital pipeline business system. The results show that this method integrates the expression of digital pipeline element models and data, solves the problems of silos, redundancy and conflicts of heterogeneous models and data from multiple sources, ensures the integrity of the attributes of the models and data elements, and promotes the structured expression and application of the models and data.

Nations’ share of innovative entrepreneurs: financial systems to the rescue in difficult institutional settings

With much of the literature declaring little role for financial systems in boosting a nation's share of innovative entrepreneurs, this study argues that financial systems play an important role when other parts of the national business systems —skills and government— are weak. This argument is supported by an analysis of a panel data set comprising 283 country-year data over five years. Overall, this research contributes to a stream of research about the context for entrepreneurial aspirations or entrepreneurship quality. The study empirically confirms an idea seldom tested: the interplay required between systems components, such as institutions, to increase national innovative capacity.

Editorial for the Special Issue: "Novel Solutions and Novel Approaches in Operational Research"

Abstract This special issue of Business Systems Research (SI of the BSR) is being co-published by the Slovenian Society INFORMATIKA – Section for Operational Research (SSI -SOR). It focuses on recent advances in Operations Research and Management Science (OR / MS), with a particular emphasis on linking OR / MS with other areas of quantitative and qualitative methods in the context of a multidisciplinary framework. The ten papers that were chosen for this Special Issue of the BSR present advancements and new techniques (methodology) in the field of Operations Research (OR), as well as their application in a variety of fields, including risk management, mathematical programming, game theory, gravity, spatial analysis, logistics, circular economy, continuous improvement, sustainability, e-commerce, forecasting, Gaussian processes, linear regression, multi-layer perceptron, and machine learning.

The Influence of Legalization of Gambling Industry on The Change in Urban Labour Output

A side from the fact that gambling stimulates crime in places such as Britain, Las Vegas and Macau, it has boosted tourism and the region's Labour force. The legalization of gambling industry has promoted the formation of a huge business system in Singapore, Las Vegas and other areas to meet the needs of gamblers, such as catering, hotels and luxury goods. And in the early stage of legalization, the local crime rate will not increase significantly but the unemployment rate will drop greatly. So as long as the government regulates it properly, the gambling industry should not deal a serious blow to the local economy.

Analysis of demand for managerial and teaching staff (with knowledge of the Russian language) in the economy of the United Republic of Tanzania

The analysis and economic evaluation of the prerequisites of demand for Russian language teachers in the education system in Tanzania show the Russian and Tanzanian interstate projects growth, which require not only political and legal, but also educational support. The activities of domestic structures (Rossotrudnichestvo, Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, and business structures) in Tanzania create economic prerequisites for demand for the Russian language in the country’s economy. Considering the increased level of interstate relations between the two states, due to the changes in Russia’s foreign policy course, it is possible to predict increasing demand for specialists in the field of Russian language, as well as knowledge of the language as a competitive advantage in Tanzania’s labor market. As a result of the analysis of the presence or planned presence of the structures associated with Russia, it is advisable to open centers for Russian language teachers training in the administrative districts of Tanzania, such as Zanzibar, Kigoma, Pemba, Rukwa, Mbeya, Arusha, and Mwanza. In these administrative units the interaction between the two countries is carried out or is planned, which will lead to an increase in demand for specialists speaking the Russian language, whose training is carried out as part of the main professional activity by Russian language teachers from among locally trained specialists.