Product System Research Articles

Development and Validation of Matrix of Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Control (MoCMC) System for Intramammary Drug Products (IMM).

Products formulated for intramammary (IMM) infusion are intended for the delivery of therapeutic moieties directly into the udder through the teat canal to maximize drug exposure at the targeted clinical site, the mammary gland, with little to no systemic drug exposure. Currently, to our knowledge, there has been no in-vitro matrix system available to differentiate between IMM formulations. Our goal is to develop A custom tailored in-vitro "Matrix of Chemistry, Manufacturing and Control" (MoCMC) System to be a promising future tool for identifying inequivalent IMM formulations. MoCMC can detect inter and intra batch variabilities, thereby identifying potential generics versus brand product similarities or differences with a single numeric value and a specific& distinctive fingerprint. The FDA-approved IMM formulation, SPECTRAMASTⓇ LC, was selected as the reference product for the MoCMC. Twelve in-house test formulations containing ceftiofur hydrochloride were formulated and characterized. The MoCMC was developed to include six input parameters and three output parameters. The MoCMC system was used to evaluate and compare SPECTRAMASTⓇ LC with its in-house formulations. Based on the MoCMC generated parameters, the distinctive fingerprints of MoCMC for each IMM formulations, and the statistical analyses of MCI and PPI values, in-house formulations, F-01 and F-02 showed consistency while the rest of in-house formulations (F-03-F-12) were significantly different as compared to SPECTRAMASTⓇ LC. This research showed that the MoCMC approach can be used as a tool for intra batch variabilities, generics versus brand products comparisons, post-approval formulations changes, manufacturing changes, and formulation variabilities.

A Characterization of Invariant Subspaces for Isometric Representations of Product System over $$\mathbb {N}_0^{k}$$

A Characterization of Invariant Subspaces for Isometric Representations of Product System over $$\mathbb {N}_0^{k}$$

Analisis User Experience pada Pengguna Aplikasi Dompet Digital Menggunakan Teori Jacob Nielsen

Digital wallets are one of the fastest-growing types of fintech. Digital wallets are just like real wallets. Users can make transactions either online or offline to be more effective and efficient. It is important for the development team to pay attention to the comfort and satisfaction of its users. The purpose of writing, to find out the rate obtained by each application and will be tested using the usability testing method. This is done to evaluate the usability of digital wallet applications based on the responses given by users after interacting with the product system. The research was conducted in the DKI Jakarta area using 3 digital wallets and involving 150 digital wallet respondents, including: 51 Shopee pay Respondents, 52 Go-pay Respondents and 47 DANA Respondents. The results of the tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the Shopee-pay Digital Wallet is in the Very Good category with a score of 4.35, the Go-pay and DANA applications are in the good category with the Go-Pay application score of 3.98 and DANA 4.16. This shows that the three applications have fulfilled the five aspects of usability testing: learnability, memorability, efficiency, errors and satisfaction.

Evaluation of a bakery control system to enhance quality and food safety

Food safety is one of the most widely discussed issues in the world today. The baking industry with large production in our country is one of the leading areas of the food industry. Since bread products are a daily food product, in order to provide people with bread products that are safe for human life, they should be of high quality, safe, natural and affordable. Improving the quality of bakery products is a serious and urgent problem today. In order to increase the quality and safety of bakery products, the problem of evaluating the control system of bakery products based on the compliance of food products with international standards and HACCP system demands to be studied today. The analysis of the market of bakery products in Kazakhstan for the period of 2018–2022 was carried out, and current issues were identified. By conducting a survey of the respondents of Astana and Almaty, the capital cities of our country, it was determined that the main criteria and reasons for choosing bakery products ensure the trust and satisfaction of consumers. In the article, the problems of increasing and improving the safety of bread products are determined based on the monitoring and assessment of the safety issues of the country's bread products. It is recommended to improve the quality and safety of food products in domestic enterprises and implement the HACCP system in the management of preparation, storage, transportation and sales.

Aggregating midpoint-indicator results from Environmental Product Declarations for comprehensive evaluations of products' profiles, through the Dominance-based Rough Set Approach: An application in the Durum-Wheat Pasta Sector

To-date there is an unsolved methodological problem for the type-III labelling scheme, namely the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD), that essentially derives from the midpoint approach used for the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) which the EPD itself is based upon. As a matter of fact, in the current EPD system, it is impossible to perform univocal aggregated evaluations of the product's profile, due to the different equivalent unit-of-measures which the midpoint impacts are expressed with, and to the absence of a scientifically-based, objective scheme for aggregation and weighing.The authors wanted to undertake this challenge with the aim of enhancing the effectiveness and utility of EPDs to guide managers, consumers and other stakeholders in the promotion, distribution, and consumption of sustainable products, in the context of green public procurement. To achieve this goal for the case of durum-wheat pasta, the EPD was complemented by the authors with the Dominance-based Rough Set Approach (DRSA). In result, an aggregate preference model considering all impact categories was obtained, thereby leading to comprehensive comparisons of complete environmental profile of products. The model has the form of a set of minimal decision rules, that can be used by producers for understanding the environmental performance level of their pasta products, and subsequently making strategic decisions for its improvement.Seven of those rules were determined from DRSA application, that regarded grain production and milling, package manufacturing, and a comprehensive downstream phase that included the disposal of the packaging system, and the pasta cooking with water waste disposal. In addition to this, those rules primarily considered the following midpoint categories within the ensemble of those provided by the EPD system for pasta products: acidification, eutrophication, global warming, and mineral element depletion.All of them were certain rules: three of the “at least” type (two at least good, and one at least medium); and four of the “at most” type (one at most bad, and three at most medium).By referring the given PCR-based LCA results to the threshold values of performance on criteria present in the premise of these rules, producers can know in advance the quality class (bad, medium, or good) which their pasta products belong to.In case of a negative evaluation, they can try to improve the value of some crucial indicators before applying for obtaining the EPD, and so enhance the environmental profile of their products.The authors believe that their study advances knowledge and enriches the literature concerning the application of multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA), wherein DRSA stands out as an outstanding example. This contribution is particularly significant in enhancing and valorising sustainability assessment tools and certification schemes.Under this perspective, the study documented that leveraging DRSA to supplement the EPD system, for the particular case of pasta products, can contribute directly and indirectly to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and, so, to advancing environmental sustainability within the food sector.

Social life cycle assessment of railway track substructure alternatives

The sustainable design of infrastructure involves assessing economic, environmental, and social impacts. While significant progress has been made in evaluating economic and environmental life cycle impacts since the Paris Agreement, there's a notable gap in techniques for assessing social aspects in infrastructure design. This study introduces social indicators tailored for evaluating the lifecycle of railway infrastructures. The indicators are applied to assess the social impacts of three common railway track substructure solutions: conventional ballasted track, embedded slab track (BBEST solution), and sleeper-based, ballastless (RHEDA2000) substructure solutions. Using the Analytic Network Process (ANP), the social performance of each alternative is synthesized into a single indicator for comparison. Results indicate that the conventional ballasted track outperforms, scoring 12% higher than BBEST and 61% better than RHEDA in social terms. This is attributed to its reliable capacity for generating high-quality employment and fostering economic activities in the defined product system regions.

Ideal Structure of Nica-Toeplitz Algebras

We study the gauge-invariant ideal structure of the Nica-Toeplitz algebra NT(X)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathcal {N}\\mathcal {T}(X)$$\\end{document} of a product system (A, X) over Nn\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathbb {N}^n$$\\end{document}. We obtain a clear description of X-invariant ideals in A, that is, restrictions of gauge-invariant ideals in NT(X)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathcal {N\\hspace{-1.111pt}T}(X)$$\\end{document} to A. The main result is a classification of gauge-invariant ideals in NT(X)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathcal {N\\hspace{-1.111pt}T}(X)$$\\end{document} for a proper product system in terms of families of ideals in A. We also apply our results to higher-rank graphs.

On the Legal Concept of Metaverses

The paper offers a detailed model of the legal concept of metaverses. The scientific impetus for this discourse was the foreign practice of developing metaverses, which have become national priorities for a number of states. According to the author’s position, the metaverse is a direction (area) of digital technology development for the formation of a digital space for various types of social and public activities with imitation of the personal presence of the user. The components of the metaverse interact with each other, are in dynamic balance, creating a digital industry. The industry of the metaverse is at a stage of continuous evolution and development. It consists of five main systems, including a technological system, a system of standards, a system of digital products, a service and warranty system. Based on this conclusion, the author systematizes approaches to the development of legal regulation of relations in the metaverses in order to consolidate the country’s technological leadershipin this promising direction. As the metaverse evolves, it may become a promising space for the circulation of digital data and the implementation of other ambitious projects of the digital economy. However, the emergence of new threats and risks in artificial virtual worlds requires the development and adoption of a concept of legal understanding of metaverses, as well as the advanced study of Russian legislation guaranteeing human rights and freedoms in metaverses.

Design, construction and solid-liquid separation performance of a human colon inspired soft-elastic reactor (CSER): Breakage, emptying, and solid-liquid separation of the agar gel particles

A novel colon soft-elastic reactor (CSER), inspired by the human ascending colon and cecum, has been developed and investigated using a model product system. This CSER replicates the behavior of the ascending colon in humans, achieving both peristalsis and segmental propulsion. The design of the bionic colon model is based on silicone and adopts a bag-like structure resembling colon anatomy. Peristalsis and segmental propulsion are simulated using a unique mechano-electric setup. Varying the depth of rolling motion resulted in different breakages of agar gel particles. Increasing the squeezing depth of the rollers against the silicone wall from 70 % to 100 % led to an increase in small-sized particles (< 3.5 mm) from 6.5 % to 66.7 % of the total particle mass. Moreover, increasing the frequency of segmental propulsion from 3.3 to 38.6 times/h reduced the half-life (t1/2) of agar gel particles from 137.9 to 0.4 min. The t1/2 was significantly higher for the 3.0 wt% agar gel (207.4 min) compared to the 1.0 wt% agar gel (113.5 min). During CSER squeezing, solid agar gel particles move upward while liquid flows downward along the wall due to gravity. These findings demonstrate the CSER effectively simulates bottom-to-top chyme transport in the ascending colon.

Is "tobacco harm reduction" possible? Other countries' experiences and perspectives, and how they could inform tobacco control in Japan

"Tobacco harm reduction" is defined as a method to minimize harm and risk of death and disease without eliminating tobacco and nicotine use. In Japan, where heated tobacco products (HTPs) are prevalent, the tobacco industry is progressively endorsing the concept of "tobacco harm reduction." Therefore, stakeholders in tobacco control must urgently share perspectives and experiences surrounding this issue. This discussion paper aimed to propose four requirements for effectively implementing "tobacco harm reduction" as a public health measure: (1) disease risk reduction, (2) cigarette smoking cessation, (3) no additional public health concerns, and (4) regulatory authorities held by health agencies, and compile information on them regarding nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and HTPs. Another aim was to summarize policies related to "tobacco harm reduction" adopted by an international organization (World Health Organization (WHO) and health authorities in foreign countries (the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom (UK), Australia, Italy, and the Republic of Korea) to explore the implications of these requirements on Japan's approach. Regarding the first three requirements, scientific evidence indicated that e-cigarettes offers some level of risk reduction and can assist with cigarette smoking cessation. The potential uptake of e-cigarettes among youth and their possibility to serve as a gateway to combusted cigarette use is a concern, though a definitive causal link is yet to be established between the uptake of e-cigarette in youth and the subsequent use of different tobacco products. There is insufficient scientific evidence for any of the three requirements for HTPs. Regarding the official policies, WHO took the position that the same regulations should be applied to all tobacco products. Only the UK and USA officially established a health system based on the concept of "tobacco harm reduction"; even in Italy and the Republic of Korea, where HTPs are relatively widespread, health authorities denied any risk reduction by introducing HTPs. The UK officially adopted a smoking cessation policy with e-cigarettes. The USA established a modified risk tobacco product system under federal legislation enacted in 2009, whereas of June 2023, no HTP or e-cigarettes were recognized as explicitly reducing health risk. Regarding the fourth requirement, the UK and USA institutionalized "tobacco harm reduction" under health authorities' regulation independent of the tobacco industry. The introduction of a tobacco harm reduction policy in Japan should be considered only in line with health authorities' regulation and implementation of comprehensive tobacco control measures independent of the tobacco industry.

The Optimization Strategy of Tourism Space

With the expansion of the scale of cultural heritage tourism, the contradiction between cultural heritage space and tourism activities is becoming more and more prominent, and the integrity and authenticity of cultural heritage are facing threats. This study took Gulangyu Island as the research object. From the perspective of marketing, combined with the theories of architecture, urban and rural planning, and other disciplines, this paper analyzed the current situation of tourism space on Gulangyu Island and put forward tourism space optimization strategies. The research pointed out the current problems of Gulangyu Island in terms of product type, product design, and product quality through the method of literature research. In view of the current problems of Gulangyu tourism space, the optimization strategy of Gulangyu tourism space was put forward: first, optimize the allocation of resources and build a tourist scenic spot with cultural heritage resources as the main body; second, establish a multi-subject cooperative governance model, using the historical and cultural heritage of Gulangyu Island to improve the optimization strategy of tourism space; third, build a linkage tourism product system, improve transportation infrastructure, and ease the flow of people in hot areas.

Model-based approach for the automatic inclusion of production considerations in the conceptual design of aircraft structures

Including production considerations in the early design stages of aircraft structures is challenging. Production information is mostly known by experts and rarely formally documented such that it can be effectively used during the design process. Producibility is mostly considered after completing the design, resulting in increased cost and development time due to the late discovery of production issues. This paper presents a new model, called the Manufacturing Information Model (MIM), which supports the automatic inclusion of production considerations into the design process. The MIM provides a single source of truth and a generic structure to capture and organize production-related information in a product system. Furthermore, it provides compatibility analyses to automatically warn for or exclude infeasible designs. Analysis tools use the information stored within the MIM to calculate the mass, costs, and production rate of the product. To show the functionalities of the MIM, it has been applied to the conceptual design of a wing box at a Tier 1 company. This use case shows how the MIM supports trade-off decisions, as it allows for the identification of trends and the ranking of different manufacturing concepts. Overall, the MIM provides a structured and formal approach to include production information in the conceptual design, improving the decision-making process.

The empirical study on the results of the certification of enterprises from the Republic of Moldova in the ISO 22000 and ISO 22005 systems

The European Union's food safety policy aims to protect consumers' health by ensuring compliance with production and control rules, hygiene of agri-food products and preventing their contamination with harmful substances. In its first stage, this objective can be applied in the Republic of Moldova, an EU candidate country, by implementing the ISO 22000 and ISO 22005 food safety management system, which establishes the basic requirements for the design and application of a traceability system for food and agri-food products. The study focused on identifying food and agri-food enterprises in the Republic of Moldova, which are certified by the ISO 22000 and ISO 22005 international standards. The advantages of these certifications and the barriers encountered were identified as well. In order to achieve this objective, there was carried out the survey according to the Computer Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) method, based on the completion of an online questionnaire created with the help of Google Drive.

Dissipationless collapse and the dynamical mass–ellipticity relation of elliptical galaxies in Newtonian gravity and MOND

Context. Recent observational studies proposed an empirical relation between the dark-to-total mass ratio and ellipticity in elliptical galaxies based on their observed total dynamical mass-to-light ratio data M/L = (14.1 ± 5.4)ϵ. In other words, the larger the content of dark matter in the galaxy, the more the stellar component will be flattened. If true, this observation appears to be in stark contrast with the commonly accepted galaxy formation scenario, whereby this process takes place inside dark halos with reasonably spherical symmetry. Aims. Comparing the processes of dissipationless galaxy formation in different theories of gravity and the emergence of the galaxy scaling relations therein provides an important framework within which, in principle, one can discriminate between these processes. Methods. By means of collisionless N-body simulations in modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) and Newtonian gravity with and without active dark matter halos, with both spherical and clumpy initial structure, I study the trends of intrinsic and projected ellipticities, Sérsic index, and anisotropy with the total dynamical-to-stellar mass ratio. Results. I show that the end products of both cold spherical collapses and mergers of smaller clumps show an increasing departure from spherical symmetry for increasing values of the total dynamical-to-stellar mass ratio, at least in a range of halo masses. The equivalent Newtonian systems of the end products of MOND collapses show a similar behaviour. However, the M/L relation obtained from the numerical experiments in both gravities is rather different from that reported by Deur and coauthors.

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE APPLIED TO THE DESIGN OF THE HOUSING CORE

This article presents the results of research focused on the design of core housing as a product, process, and continuous transformation system, achieved through a unified space, as a recurring solution since the origins of humankind and an alternative for small spaces. The proposal for affordable housing in Cuenca for low-income populations is based on an approach that involves not only the housing solution but also the relationship with people's ways of living, bioclimatic criteria, and the study of a sustainable construction system. Qualitative research methodologies and transdisciplinary workshops were used to create spaces for discussion and verification with the participation of various stakeholders. Therefore, the research work integrated people's ways of living, the use of local materials, and indoor comfort conditions. After tabulating the gathered data, the design of the core housing was carried out, enabling the design to accommodate the ways people live, rather than the other way around. Ultimately, enabling appropriation according to specific needs of diverse family compositions, in addition to a sustainable construction system as an ecological and economical solution.

Implementation of Application and Product System (SAP) in Metal Coating Process Manufacturing Company

In the development of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era, the use of an Enterprise Resource Planning System is a long-term investment for a company to improve efficiency, performance, and decision-making tools for the company. In general, it uses a centralized database for various business processes to reduce manual labor and simplify existing business workflows. ERP systems usually contain Dashboards where users can view real-time data collected from across the business to measure productivity and profitability. This means that any data or information received will be updated immediately as soon as the user inputs the data into the time system even though the data has been closed, the company can know and control the condition of the company every day and can control a production process so that decision making can be done quickly, carefully, and precisely because it is based on valid internal data and is always up to date. there is still a difference in data between the transaction process, The purpose of the research is to process information in real-time and accurately, The research stage begins with a literature study, hardware prototypes, and making programs, The results of the research are an increase in transaction accuracy of 43% after SAP implementation is optimally implemented.

Monitoring of the content and migration of heavy metals in the soils–melliferous plants–bees–beekeeping products system in biocenoses of the combat areas

Aim. To determine the specificities of perennial dynamics in the number of the main corn insect pests in different natural and climatic zones of Ukraine under climate change. Methods. The field, laboratory, mathematical methods were used. The materials of the phytosanitary entomological monitoring of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Con- sumer Protection (2005–2021) in the basic 161 enterprises in Ukraine’s regions using methodologically standardized annual registrations of the main harmful organisms of agrocenoses (Borzykh еt al, 2018). Six groups of the main corn insect pests were investigated: corn borers (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner), wireworms (Elateridae) and false wireworms (Te- nebrionidae), cutworms (Noctuida), southern dusty surface beetle (Tanymecus dilaticollis Gyllenhal), cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hübner), and cereal aphids (Schizaphis graminum) Rondani. The database of the Hydrometeoro- logical Center of Ukraine was used to analyze climate parameters (2005–2021). The statistical analysis of the data was conducted using MS Excel and the linear correlation-regression analysis according to Pearson, Student’s criterion was used to evaluate the reliability (probability) of the correlation coefficients. Results. The results of correlational analysis of the state of populations of the main corn insect pests demonstrated that climate change has not considerably affected the number of corn borers as well as wireworms and false wireworms in all the natural and climatic zones of Ukraine yet. A reliable moderate reverse correlation (r = –0.309) was found between the number of cutworms and the sum of effective temperatures (SET) only for the Forest-Steppe conditions – under the increase in the SET, the number of these insects was smaller. The number of the southern dusty surface beetle was in direct, reliable, moderate correlation (r = 0.335) with the SET in the Steppe, for instance, the pest responded to the increase in the SET with the rise in its number. The number of cotton bollworms in Polissia was in reliable moderate correlation (r = –0.489) with the SET. The number of cereal aphids was in a reliable moderate direct correlation (r = 0.529) with the SET in Polissia: at the increase in the SET, the number of these pests was increasing. Conclusions. Conclusions: Climate changes do not considerably affect the state of the populations of the main corn insect pests in all the natural and climatic zones of Ukraine yet: we found the correlations between the number of insect pests and the SET which did not exceed such values as weak, moderate, and conspicuous. Significant changes in the state of insect pest populations should be expected if the sum of effective temperatures during the vegetation period will considerably affect the performance and feeding qualities of the cultivated plants.

Research on the Digital Transformation of the Whole Industry Chain of Guangdong Supply and Marketing Cooperative

Guangdong Supply and Marketing Cooperative serves as an important institution for the “Three Rural Areas” in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Its digital transformation and optimization serve as powerful supports for rural revitalization. This paper systematically reviews the main practices and effectiveness of the digital transformation within the Guangdong Supply and Marketing Cooperative. It also analyzes the current development dilemmas faced in the construction of digital supply and marketing. Additionally, it proposes targeted solutions, including building a big data resource base, optimizing the digital supply and marketing cloud platform, developing digital public-type agricultural social service applications, establishing a new model of rural e-commerce, enhancing the traceability management system for agricultural products, and strengthening the construction of the digital human resources system. These proposals aim to further promote the strategy for revitalizing the countryside.

Creative Economy Learning Management to Promote Sustainable Citizenship for Secondary School Students in the Upper Northern Special Economic Development Zones, Thailand

The objectives of this research were 1) to study creative economy learning approaches to promote sustainable citizenship for secondary school students in the Upper Northern Special Economic Development Zones, Thailand, and 2) to design guidelines for creative economy learning management to promote sustainable citizenship. for secondary school students in the Upper Northern Special Economic Development Zones, Thailand, and 3) to study the results of using creative economy learning management approaches to promote sustainable citizenship for secondary school students in the Upper Northern Special Economic Development Zones, Thailand. The research was action research. Samples in this research included 1) a group of 15 people who provided information on creative economy learning with the selection based on purposive sampling, 2) a group of 7 people who evaluate learning innovations with selection based on purposive sampling and 3) learning innovation trial group including 299 secondary school students with selection based on simple random sampling, coming up with a total of 321 students. The research tools included 1) a semi-unstructured interview form, 2) a form to evaluate the effectiveness of learning management approaches, and 3) a sustainable citizenship assessment form. The research results revealed that.&#x0D; &#x0D; 1. The study on creative economy learning approaches to promote sustainable citizenship for secondary school students in the Upper Northern Special Economic Development Zones, Thailand revealed that creative economy learning management is an integration of creative economy concepts and a basis for learning for students to focus on skills, knowledge and understanding of the economic system with a production system of products and services that rely on the existing experiences and knowledge base. This can be done by making use of cultural resources, including economy, traditions, ways of life, and ways of living, combined with knowledge. creativity and technology level to lead to the appropriate upgrading of one&amp;#39;s own economic system. The creative economy learning management to promote sustainable citizenship for secondary school students in the Upper Northern Special Economic Development Zones, Thailand will require promotion to bring about learning competency in 4 areas, consisting of 1) Competency regarding Community Engaged Learning 2) Economic Literacy Competency 3) Competency regarding Environmental Awareness and Green Citizenship and 4) Competency regarding Creative Economy Innovation Development.&#x0D; &#x0D; 2. Designing creative economy learning guidelines to promote sustainable citizenship for secondary school students in the Upper Northern Special Economic Development Zones, Thailand, it was found that the researcher had designed a learning plan that integrated creative economy learning methods. It is designed as a lesson plan for the creative economy by using the area-based learning cycle teaching strategy (AAAR Teaching Approach) of Mangkhang (2023) together with creative community economics learning activities for 12 class periods, with evaluation results for the overall quality at the most appropriate level.&#x0D; &#x0D; 3. The study on the results of using creative economics learning management approaches to promote sustainable citizenship for secondary school students in the Upper Northern Special Economic Development Zones, Thailand revealed that the level of students&amp;#39; sustainable citizenship in an overall picture was at the highest level.

Digital communications of a modern library: key aspects

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of determining the key aspects of digital communications of a modern library when libraries create their own electronic information resources, products and services in order to quickly, meaningfully and qualitatively provide the information needs of modern users in the context of the digitalization of the city and region. The study of key aspects of digital communications of a modern library is relevant, since the main task of libraries in traditional and digital spaces is, first of all, information support for information, scientific, and research activities through the acquisition of a high-quality library collection, the formation and development of a system of electronic information resources, products and services, providing access to him, as well as fully ensuring the information needs of all categories of users. The fulfillment of these tasks occurs with the gradual digitalization of the region, the introduction of the latest computer technologies and telecommunications, which become the most important strategic resource and ensure the use of library and information potential in the scientific, cultural and educational spheres. Based on the study of professional publications, the definitions of the terms "digitalization" and "digital (digital) communications" are analyzed. The types of digital communications of a library institution are determined. Digital communications on the websites of libraries in the city of Dnepr were studied, depending on their types and purpose. The role of library digital communications in the creation of library electronic resources, services and providing the information needs of remote users is indicated. The key aspects of digital communications of a modern library are identified. Measures are proposed for the organization and further development of digital communications of library institutions, depending on their types and main mission.