Systematic Training Research Articles

Comparison of lecture-based learning with presentation-assimilation-discussion method in occupational bloodborne exposure education of nursing students, a randomised trial

BackgroundOccupational Bloodborne Exposures (OBEs) are incidents where healthcare workers come into contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials, leading to risks of transmitting bloodborne pathogens. Nursing students, often in direct contact with patients, face heightened risks due to their duties.MethodsFirst, we conducted a cross-sectional survey using a OBEs questionnaire to explore the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and needs regarding OBEs among nursing students. Subsequently, we used a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to compare the impact of the Presentation-Assimilation-Discussion (PAD) method with the traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) method on OBEs education for nursing students. Pre-test, post-test, and retention test were used to observe the teaching effectiveness, and the students’ feedback on the teaching method was also observed.ResultsIn the cross-sectional survey, we found that nursing students lacked sufficient knowledge and management skills regarding OBEs but recognized the importance of standard precautions and expressed a desire for systematic OBEs training during their education and internships. In the RCT, the total, theoretical, and practical scores of the PAD and LBL groups were comparable in the pre-test (56.70 ± 3.47 vs. 56.40 ± 3.95, 33.09 ± 3.39 vs. 33.33 ± 2.44, 23.61 ± 4.66 vs. 23.07 ± 4.84, p > 0.05). After training, the PAD model demonstrated an advantage over the LBL model in immediate total (84.25 ± 4.06 vs. 78.95 ± 4.23, p < 0.001), theoretical (54.32 ± 2.43 vs. 51.44 ± 2.58, p < 0.001), and practical scores (29.93 ± 3.90 vs. 27.51 ± 4.33, p < 0.01). It also showed superior retention of total (69.05 ± 3.87 vs. 65.77 ± 2.94, p < 0.001) and theoretical scores (39.05 ± 3.05 vs. 36.23 ± 3.18, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the retention of practical scores between the two groups (30.00 ± 4.76 vs. 29.53 ± 3.73, p > 0.05). The PAD group benefited more across various learning dimensions but reported a higher study load.ConclusionsOur study reveals that the PAD model could be a valuable approach for teaching OBEs to nursing students.

Current status, challenges, and future directions of laparoscopic training in young surgeons: a nationwide survey in China

BackgroundWith the rapid advancement of technology, minimally invasive surgery, particularly laparoscopic surgery, has made significant progress in the field of surgery. Despite the advantages of laparoscopic surgery, a systematic training system for laparoscopic procedures is lacking in Chinese postgraduate medical education. Our study aims to explore the prevalence of laparoscopic training among resident and attending physicians in China and to assess the current state of training programs.MethodsA 10-item questionnaire was distributed to 1,750 resident and attending physicians specializing in surgery across China, with 1,324 valid responses (75.7% response rate). The survey focused on demographics, training curriculum content, and feedback on training effectiveness. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS.ResultsAmong the 1,324 respondents, 30.7% reported receiving laparoscopic training, primarily at the attending physician stage. Only 4% of resident physicians and 14% of attending physicians could independently perform complex laparoscopic surgeries. Most respondents (76.6%) could only assist in surgeries. The majority expressed a desire for more frequent and longer training sessions, with suture training being identified as the most beneficial.ConclusionsThis study underscores the critical need for comprehensive laparoscopic training in China. Early, frequent, and structured training programs are essential for developing proficient laparoscopic surgeons. Future initiatives should focus on expanding access to training at all levels of medical education, ensuring continuous skill development and improved surgical care quality.

Pedagogical engineering – a new integrative learning profile in professional education

At present, a new branch of pedagogy - pedagogical engineering - is actively developing. It is based on the fact that the learning process should be built on the pedagogical design of the educational product, on such a "fusion" of educational and modern digital technologies to provide this process with the greatest efficiency. But we believe that in addition to pedagogical engineering as a scientific branch and a new discipline already studied in some universities, it is necessary to organize on its basis a systematic training of future teachers for basic and additional professional education.

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Appropriate Use of Novel and Lesser-Used Medicines for Prevention and Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage: Evidence from Implementation Research

Maternal mortality remains one of the primary global health challenges of the 21st century, despite major medical advances in the field. Although solutions are available, inequities determine where mothers die, with the majority of maternal deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). More than one-third of maternal deaths are related to obstetric hemorrhage and most commonly postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Effective, quality-assured uterotonics significantly reduce PPH-related morbidity and mortality. Updated World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on uterotonics used for PPH prevention include the addition of heat-stable carbetocin (HSC) to the suite of prophylactic uterotonic agents as well as the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) for PPH treatment. Both medicines are promising interventions in obstetric care. However, the introduction of these medicines faces numerous challenges to end-user access, such as decentralized procurement, time-consuming policy updates, market access barriers, lack of demand for quality-assured products, and inadequate systematic training and information provision, impeding access in many LMICs. Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of implementing these medicines in different resource settings can help bridge the gap between research and development to policy and practice, in an effort to reduce the significant health inequities facing women accessing the public health sector for quality care during labor and delivery. In this Special Collection, we explore the findings from mixed-methods implementation research studies in nine LMICs which support the acceptability and feasibility of HSC and TXA administration by healthcare providers, generating evidence to help inform the introduction and scale-up of these new and lesser-utilized PPH medicines.

Emergency Response Competencies Strengthened by Sustainable Education: First Aid Training Program for Teachers

The primary aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of primary school teachers regarding the management of musculoskeletal trauma through first aid interventions and to determine the effectiveness of a sustainable training program. The preparedness of 138 teachers who received first aid training for trauma intervention and the impact of these trainings on health practices were examined by pre- and post-tests. It was determined that 87% of the teachers participating in the study had not received emergency trauma training before. Pre-training test results showed that the participants had a low level of awareness. However, the increase in mean scores from 6 to 16 and the decrease in standard deviation after the training revealed a significant increase in teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills. These results suggest that emergency trauma training programs significantly increase teachers’ ability to respond to emergencies and emphasize the importance of sustainable first aid training. Analyses based on gender and branch revealed that post-training test scores were similar and all teachers showed high performance. The findings emphasize the need for systematic and comprehensive emergency trauma training programs for all teachers and the importance of these programs for sustainable health and safety practices.

Effective Communication As A Demanded Vector Of Development Of A Modern Medical Center

Competent communication between a doctor and a patient is one of the most important aspects of high-quality medical care. Effective communication helps improve the quality of consultations, increase patient satisfaction and preserve the emotional resources of specialists. We have developed and implemented a local educational module "Communication Skills with Patients" for employees of the multidisciplinary medical center "UMMC-Health". The center's development plan includes systematic training in effective communication in medicine for all specialists, which is more than 700 doctors and 400 nurses.

Changes in therapists’ knowledge of symptom management and stabilization following program co-participation with dissociative patients

Few professionals in the mental health field receive systematic training in treating trauma-related symptoms and disorders, including dissociative disorders (DD). Experts in the field of treating DDs recommend building stabilization skills early in treatment to improve emotion regulation and safety, yet research on DD therapists’ actual practices suggest that they are engaging in these practices less than recommended. DD patients may benefit from therapists learning more about emotion regulation and trauma symptom management towards stabilizing difficult experiences and risky, unhealthy, or unsafe behaviors. The current study considered whether an international group of therapists who participated alongside their DD patients in a 2-year Internet-based psychoeducational program demonstrated changes in knowledge related to symptom management and stabilization techniques. Therapists answered five free-form text questions related to DD symptom management and stabilization at baseline, mid-point, and end of the study. Results showed that significant changes in therapist knowledge were evident between baseline and mid-point, as well as between the baseline and the end of the study, with effect sizes ranging from small to large. Compared to when they began the study, therapists were better able to understand their DD patients’ reasons for self-injury, recognize warning signs of unsafe behaviors, identify coping skills, and identify skills to manage overwhelming feelings and intrusive traumatic content. Implications and opportunities for future research are discussed.

Comparison of Sports Aggression among Cricket Players of Kerala and Madhya Pradesh

This study was conducted to Compare the Sports Aggression level Among the National LevelCricket Players of Kerala And Madhya Pradesh. In this study as the subject’s Under- 16, Under-19 Seniorcricket players of Madhya Pradesh Kerala were chosen as the subjects. 120 cricket players from Keralaand Madhya Pradesh who had represented their state team in various National tournaments were selectedfor this study. A total of 60 among the whole sample consist of Kerala Players (U-16 – 20, U-19 - 20 Senior- 20) and the remaining 60 are from Madhya Pradesh. For comparing the Sports Aggression levelamong the cricket players of Kerala and Madhya Pradesh - Sports Aggression Inventory was used. It wasconstructed and standardized by Anand Kumar and Prem Shankar Shukla. The questionnaire was filledby the players of Kerala and Madhya Pradesh. For the evaluation of the questionnaires Two-way ANOVAwas employed and findings revealed that, both the states have significant influence on SportsAggression. The players of Under-16, Under-19 and Senior category of Madhya Pradesh has less SportsAggression in comparison with the players of Kerala players. When we see within the state of MP theAggression level of the Under-16, Under-19 Senior players possess almost same level. But theAggression level of the Senior Players from Kerala were significantly different than the other categoryplayers. By the help of Sports Psychology, and the assessment of Aggression level of players orindividuals’ performance in cricket not only demands systematic training to develop physical andphysiological variables but also demands training and considerations of psychological characteristics forthe success in this field.

Mangrove species detection using YOLOv5 with RGB imagery from consumer unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

Despite comprising only one per cent of global forests, mangroves provide vital ecological and economic benefits to their ecosystems. Due to its decreasing extent over the past decade, there is a rise in research innovations supporting mangrove conservation. Specifically, consumer-grade Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) were proven effective as potential remote sensing alternatives to support mangrove research and monitoring in recent studies. As most studies use custom UAV-mounted sensors for mangrove species classification, similar studies using a UAV’s default red–green–blue (RGB) cameras were scarce. This study explores the potential of high-resolution RGB aerial images through state-of-the-art object detection algorithm, YOLOv5 to detect the dominant Rhizophora mangroves in Sarawak, Malaysia. A total of 400 RGB images were equally selected from two study areas and allocated into three datasets, two corresponding to each study area and one combining all images. The annotation process was performed using a previously proposed novel method, assisted by YOLOv5 for a semi-automated annotation process with expert verification. Systematic training experiments were conducted to select an optimal epoch size across models trained with each dataset. The final models produced an average true positive rate of 73.8% and 71.7% for each study site, while the combined dataset model produced an average true positive rate of 73.7%. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of UAV-based RGB images and deep learning object detection architectures to identify specific mangrove objects, while also highlighting key considerations for similar future research.

Research on the Pathways for Deep Integration of Intangible Cultural Heritage and Study Travel in Chengdu under the Background of Cultural-Tourism Integration: A Case Study of Xinjin Rope Weaving

This paper discusses the path of deep integration of intangible cultural heritage through rope weaving and study travel, aiming to promote the inheritance and innovation of intangible cultural heritage through the integration of culture and tourism. The research shows that the design of teaching content, the balance of inheritance and innovation, the systematic teacher training, the diversified evaluation mechanism, and cross-regional cooperation and resource sharing are the key paths to the sustainable development of intangible cultural heritage. Through study travel, students can not only master rope weaving skills in practice but also enhance their sense of identity and protection of cultural heritage. However, problems such as resource differences and inconsistent teaching evaluation standards have also been found in the research. In the future, this model needs to be further optimized through empirical research. This paper provides a new perspective and practical path for the combination of the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage and study travel, which has important theoretical and practical significance.

On the Cultivation of National Security Education Teachers Qualities in Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Schools in the New Era

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China once again emphasized the importance of national security education, clearly requiring the whole society to strengthen national security awareness and build a solid national security defense line. Under this guiding ideology, it is particularly urgent to comprehensively enhance the competence of national security education teachers in primary, secondary, and tertiary schools. By building a systematic training system, enhancing teachers professional knowledge and comprehensive literacy, and establishing a multi-level and multi-dimensional assessment mechanism, teachers teaching level and practical ability can be effectively improved. This article explores effective strategies for cultivating the competence of national security education teachers in the new era from these perspectives, in order to promote the sustainable development and innovation of national security education and ensure the in-depth promotion of national security education.

Healthcare providers’ communication experience in the pediatric intensive care unit: a phenomenological study

BackgroundHealthcare providers must effectively communicate with other professionals, multidisciplinary teams, and parents of patients in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) to improve outcomes in children and satisfaction levels of parents. Few studies have focused on healthcare providers’ communication experiences, which are crucial for identifying current problems and suggesting future directions. This phenomenological study was conducted to address this gap.MethodsA qualitative study using online and face-to-face interviews was conducted from January to June 2021 by a trained researcher in PICUs of two tertiary hospitals. Participants were five physicians and four registered nurses who worked in the PICUs and had over five years of clinical experience. The interviews were audio recorded with the participant’s consent and analyzed by the researchers using Colaizzi’s seven-step method.ResultsHealthcare providers’ communication experiences revealed four categories: facing communication difficulties in PICUs, communication relying on individual competencies without established communication methods, positive and negative experiences gained through the communication process, and finding the most effective communication approach.ConclusionsWithout adequate support or a systematic training program, healthcare providers often have to overcome communication challenges on their own. Therefore, support and training programs should be developed to facilitate better communication in the future.

Training of police actions in emergency situations in war conditions

The article expands the theoretical and practical understanding of the state of civil security in the conditions of war and the problems of systematic purposeful training of police officers on actions in emergency situations, as well as organizational measures to solve them. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the scientific and theoretical foundations and develop practical recommendations for the organization of systematic training of police officers for actions in emergency situations in war conditions. The understanding of the tasks of the National Police during the response and liquidation of the consequences of emergency situations has been improved, it is emphasized that in wartime they perform not only purely law enforcement (police) functions, but also the tasks of civil protection of the population. It is proven that in order to ensure the systematicity of this process, the training of police officers in the specified direction should begin from the moment of their education in institutions of higher education with specific training conditions. Outlined forms of acquisition of theoretical knowledge and/or skills by students (cadets) of higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs regarding actions in emergency situations. It was established that systematic and purposeful training of cadets (police officers) on actions in emergency situations (on matters of civil protection), in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation, especially in specialty 081 «Law», as well as at the second (master’s) level of higher education in institutions of higher education education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is not happening now. The inclusion in the educational and professional programs for the training of cadets (police) in specialties 081 «Law», 262 «Law enforcement» at the first and second levels of higher education is substantiated by mandatory components of such educational disciplines as «Life safety», «Civil protection», «Pre-medical training», «Planning and management of civil protection measures».

Improving Machine Learned Force Fields for Complex Fluids through Enhanced Sampling: A Liquid Crystal Case Study.

Machine learned force fields offer the potential for faster execution times while retaining the accuracy of traditional DFT calculations, making them promising candidates for molecular simulations in cases where reliable classical force fields are not available. Some of the challenges associated with machine learned force fields include simulation stability over extended periods of time and ensuring that the statistical and dynamical properties of the underlying simulated systems are correctly captured. In this work, we propose a systematic training pipeline for such force fields that leads to improved model quality, compared to that achieved by traditional data generation and training approaches. That pipeline relies on the use of enhanced sampling techniques, and it is demonstrated here in the context of a liquid crystal, which exemplifies many of the challenges that are encountered in fluids and materials with complex free energy landscapes. Our results indicate that, whereas the majority of traditional machine learned force field training approaches lead to molecular dynamics simulations that are only stable over hundred-picosecond trajectories, our approach allows for stable simulations over tens of nanoseconds for organic molecular systems comprising thousands of atoms.

Neuromuscular response of young athletes during plyometric and sprint exercises

The objective was to analyse the neuromuscular response during jumping and sprint exercises in young athletes and adults. Young athletes were divided into 2 groups: indoor soccer (SOC, n = 12) and rugby (RUG, n = 12) and adults were physical education students (PE, n = 12). Sport groups were trained systematically for their sport for 5 years and performed resistance training at least for 2 years. Neuromuscular response was evaluated using a vertical jump test (CMJA), 15-meter sprint test (SPRI) and a rebound test at 3HZ (REB). Force and electromyography were measured during all tests. Leg stiffness (Kvert), rate of force development (RFD) and muscle activation were calculated and analysed. Pre activation and contact EMG were measured for all tests. EMG signal was normalized by CMJA. There were no differences in maturation level between young sport groups as shown by Mirwald’s formula (p = .897). Significant differences were found in favour of RUG vs SOC during CMJA (p = .029). For SPRI and REB, there were no statistical differences between groups for RFD (p = .585) and (p = .056). Kvert showed no group differences among CMJA (p = .396), SPRI (p = .329) and REB (p = .429). It is concluded that a systematic training in young athletes allows the accelerated development of neuromuscular performance.

Research on Categorizing and Deriving Proportions of Hanoks for Planning and Designing Hanok Architecture

A Hanok is a representative wooden structure in Korea and is recognized for its environmentally friendly architecture. Since the 2010s, the demand for Hanoks has increased significantly, but new Hanoks tend to be built with only numerical changes to existing plans or only imitate the shape. This is due to the fact that architectural designers do not have systematic training in Hanoks, so they rely on carpenters with extensive experience in Hanok construction. As designers reconfigure Hanok’s floor plan space using existing drawings to accommodate modernization, the building’s form changes as spatial reduction and expansion occur. This change in form creates problems with the proportions of the elements that make up a Hanok, such as the roof being smaller than the body or the building being taller than the scale of the floor plan. A more significant issue is the lack of recognition of the proportion problem. Therefore, this study has a direct role in the systematic design and construction of Hanoks by deriving objective proportions of Hanoks. To increase the objectivity of the data, numerical data of floor plans, cross-sections, and front elevations of national heritage Hanoks with well-preserved traditional shapes were extracted and analyzed for patterns. Subsequently, similar forms were categorized, and ultimately, the plan, section, and elevation proportions were quantified. The results indicated that the plan was characterized by spatial expansion in the X-axis direction more than the Y-axis while maintaining rectangular proportions. The cross-sectional structure showed a change in height depending on the width of the plan, and it was found that the larger the width of the plan, the lower the height ratio of the cross-section. Of particular interest was the analysis of the ratio of exposed area in the elevation, divided into three areas: roof, Gongpo, and the frame, and the interaction between the roof and Gongpo was confirmed within 63.7% of the total exposed area ratio. This result suggests that the proportion of Hanoks exists despite the different scales, times, and locations of Hanoks. This study can serve as a reference for designers in the process of verifying and modifying design drawings, and it is significant in providing a method and direction for building a new dataset for Hanok design.

Structured Online Systematic Review Training for Medical Students: An Elective Module in Physiology.

Background Recently, elective posting has been introduced by the National Medical Commission (NMC) of India in the undergraduate competency-based medical education (CBME) curriculum. To successfully implement it in medical colleges, facilitators (medical teachers) need to commit extra time. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of online teaching-learning methods for implementing an elective module for undergraduate medical students at Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India. Methods An online module for systematic review methods was developed using the Delphi method. This module was used to train 30 medical students divided into six groups. One resident and one facultyfacilitated each group. After the elective program of 15 days, program feedback and evaluation using the Kirkpatrick model were obtained from the students. Results A total of 30 undergraduate medical students with a mean age of 22.7±0.95 years participated in the study. All of them successfully conducted a systematic review per group. The students' feedback was 86.33% positive, and the project evaluation showed an 84% positive opinion. The highest score was for understanding, facilitators' knowledge, and experience. The lowest score was for the immediate applicability of the knowledge. Conclusion An online systematic review training module can be used for elective teaching-learning for final-year medical students, particularly within limited time and resource constraints. Students appreciated the module's clear objectives, appropriate complexity, and facilitators' expertise, leading to improved communication, engagement, and critical-thinking skills. Despite some limitations, these findings suggest that online learning can complement traditional methods and address logistical challenges in medical education, warranting further research on its long-term impact and broader applicability.

Are nursing students ready to respond to disasters? A study on self-efficacy of nursing students to apply psychological first aid

BackgroundPsychological first aid (PFA) is an effective initial response to disasters. Nursing students are an important human resource for supporting health services during and after disasters. Improving nursing students' PFA application competencies is necessary for both themselves and aid providers. AimThis study aimed to determine sernior nursing students' self-efficacy in psychological first aid application in disaster situations. DesignThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting and participantsA total of 536 senior nursing students who had received undergraduate nursing education in Turkey participated in this study. MethodsData were collected between March and June 2022, using an online questionnaire comprising a “Personal Information Form” and “PFA Application Self-Efficacy Scale.” The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis test, multiple comparison tests, and linear regression analysis. ResultsThe average age of the senior nursing students was 21.82 ± 2.23 years. Overall, 89.6 % of the students had not received PFA service from any institution. Furthermore, 91.4 % had not received PFA training at any institution. The students' mean score on the PFA application self-efficacy scale was 123.37 ± 22.92. Students who received PFA training had high average scores. ConclusionsIt is necessary to develop senior nursing students' self-efficacy in PFA application. In this context, it is recommended that systematic training, including training on the application of PFA, be conducted regularly along with applied studies on disaster response situations.

성인기 발달장애인 복지 현장의 도전적 행동 교육과정 개발 요구 분석*

This study explored effective strategies for preventing and managing challenging behaviors in adults with developmental disabilities by utilizing focus group interviews (FGIs) with 18 participants, including caregivers, frontline service providers, and experts in challenging behavior interventions. The primary objective was to identify the types, causes, and prevalence of challenging behaviors in adult developmental disability care settings and to determine the essential requirements for developing a comprehensive training program for service providers. The findings revealed that Participants emphasized the importance of creating supportive and preventive environments to mitigate challenging behaviors and highlighted the need for systematic training programs and ongoing professional development for service providers. This study provides critical insights for developing training programs aimed at enhancing the capacity of service providers to effectively support adults with developmental disabilities. It may inform future policy initiatives in this area.

U.S. Healthcare Workers' Perspective of Outpatient Provision of Methadone: A Scoping Review.

A recent National Institute on Drug Addiction Call to Action focused on expanding methadone treatment access for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). One research priority identified was optimal educational and support structures, including training to provide methadone across multiple healthcare settings (e.g., primary care, opioid treatment programs [OTPs], pharmacies) and healthcare workers (HCWs) (e.g., providers, pharmacists). This scoping review sought to better understand HCWs' knowledge, attitudes, and stigma as it relates to methadone provision. Four databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science) were searched for publications between 2010 and 2022 using keywords-methadone, HCW, outpatient setting, knowledge, attitudes, and stigma, focusing on HCWs in general and pharmacists specifically. A total of 2,747 articles were identified and 14 met inclusion criteria for review. Settings included OTPs (n = 4), specialty addiction treatment clinics (n = 3), community pharmacies (n = 2), and multiple settings (n = 5). All articles (n = 14) examined methadone-related attitudes. Despite approval of methadone in 1972 to treat OUD, four articles illustrated continued methadone-related stigma held by HCWs. In response to COVID-19-related policy changes allowing methadone take-home flexibility, OTP clinicians expressed a range of attitudes concerning patient risk and potential program liability around diversion and misuse. One article assessing knowledge suggested that, even when most pharmacists correctly answered knowledge questions, a significant minority had misunderstandings that could undermine effective treatment. Given the current imbalance between methadone treatment demand and availability, there is a critical need to expand outpatient methadone services. Pharmacists partnering with OTPs represent a logical but underutilized access point. We identified key areas to improve HCWs methadone-related knowledge, attitudes, and stigma. Future research should explore the impact of outpatient pharmacy-OTP and other expansion services, and systematic training, education, and evaluation of methadone-related understanding, including assessment tools to measure knowledge, attitudes, and stigma.