Systematic Process Research Articles

A Rapid Review on Shared Decision Making in Pediatric Palliative Care and End-of-Life Care: Implications for Clinical Practice, Research, and Policy.

Shared decision making is a concept essential to establishing meaningful goals of care that reflect one's preferences, values, beliefs, culture, and quality of life. This rapid review considered shared decision making from the perspective of seriously ill or medically complex children receiving inpatient palliative or end-of-life care, where shared decision making is made on behalf of and in the child's best interest. A total of 118 articles were screened, resulting in the selection of 12 articles using a systematic process. Emergent themes noted and discussed include the roles of family and clinicians, explorative communication, transparency, cultural implications, and ethical challenges.

Development of a Scale for Assessing Animal Welfare Literacy in Tourism

The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid measurement scale for animal welfare literacy in tourism. Based on an established conceptual framework, this study follows a systematic scale development process consisting of four steps: generating initial items, reviewing the item pool, data collection, and assessing the reliability and validity of the scale. The created scale consists of six dimensions capturing the distinct components of animal welfare literacy in tourism. The scale can serve as a foundation for future research involving several animal species, different geographical contexts and scales, and guide efforts aimed at increasing the welfare of animals used in tourism.

SISTEM INFORMASI PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU PRODUKSI BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA CV DECO ABADI MAKASSAR

The management of raw materials at CV Deco Abadi Makassar has problems with checking goods, recording production raw materials, and communication between the warehouse and the company. Online information systems allow for systematic data processing that can be used to overcome these problems. This research aims to: 1) produce a website-based production raw material inventory information system at CV Deco Abadi Makassar; 2) obtain user responses regarding the website-based inventory information system at CV Deco Abadi Makassar that has been produced. This research uses data collection methods through observation and interviews with qualitative data analysis. Then, the design was carried out using a waterfall model consisting of requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. The proposed features include item data input, inventory graphs, stock notifications, and user control. The research results show that 1) the design of a website-based production raw material inventory information system was designed through the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. 2) User responses regarding this information system are to the needs of CV Deco Abadi Makassar.

The Impact of Tidal Floods on Poor Households in the Sayung Coast, Demak Regency, Indonesia

The Sayung coast is an area subject to the direct influence of coastal disasters, particularly tidal floods. Tis research aimed to investigate the impact of tidal floods on social and economic aspects in Sayung Subdistrict. In order to achieve the aim, data collection was conducted through a systematic process comprising structured interviews carried out using a questionnaire. The research also implemented a random sampling methodology, comprising a total of 23 informants and in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants to augment its comprehensiveness. Following this, the data processing and analysis followed a mixed-method approach where quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and grounded theory. The obtained results showed that tidal floods had a significant direct impact is able to influence physical health, employment, and property at 62.32%, 69.59% and and 65.43% respectively. Furthermore indirect impact property is able to influence property value by 62.78%, physical health, property damages and employment can influence mental health by 71.71% and physical health, employment can affect mobility by 66.89%. The finding accounts for a new insight that tidal floods have direct and indirect impacts on the community, as examined using the mixed-method approach. The study of tidal flood impacts on poor households in Sayung Coastal, Demak, offers different findings from previous ones. Some previous studies discuss the general effects of tidal floods while disregarding the framework of the direct and indirect impacts of the floods on poor households

Advance Directives for Adolescents and Young Adults Living With Neuromuscular Disease: A Nurse Practitioner-Driven Intervention.

The literature shows that adolescents and young adults (AYAs) living with neuromuscular disease want to have discussions about goals of care and want them sooner. Conversations about goals of care and advance directives are not common practice in the neuromuscular clinic setting. This nurse practitioner-led project used a conversation tool as a 1-time intervention to guide conversations about participants' goals and wishes, comparing the number of participants with advance directives before and after the use of the intervention, and their satisfaction with having had a conversation about goals of care using this tool was measured. A total of 14 AYAs with genetically confirmed neuromuscular disease were enrolled in this project. There was a 92.9% increase in the number of AYAs with an advance directive demonstrating clinical meaningfulness. Most project participants were either quite a bit satisfied (21.4%) or very much satisfied (57.1%) with having used the intervention to discuss goals of care. This quality improvement project demonstrated that, if asked, AYAs with neuromuscular disease willingly agreed to discuss their goals of care and found satisfaction in using the intervention to complete an advance directive. Advanced Practice Registered Nurses should consider systematic processes to include these discussions as a part of routine practice.

Supervisi Pembelajaran Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Keefektifan Manajemen Kelas

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of learning supervision in achieving classroom management at the school. The research subjects include a primary school and a kindergarten in Surabaya. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive with a case study approach. The results indicate a positive correlation between the structured and systematic supervision process, as outlined by Glickman, and the progress in classroom management carried out by teachers. This approach also has a positive impact on student learning outcomes.

Is palaeoanthropology being built on scientific foundations?

The comparative method in palaeoanthropology has been predominant over the hypothesis-testing scientific method. Multiple interpretations over the same phenomena commonly co-exist given the relaxation of demarcation criteria. The contingent nature of non-reproducible phenomena in palaeoanthropology and the epistemological limits of the comparative method for addressing structural and more systematic palaeobiological processes have made it difficult to discern the extent to which palaeoanthropology is guided by scientific protocols. The imprint of corporative and neo-liberal policies in academia has found in essentially non-experimental disciplines a good field in which academic dynamics are ruled by patronizing networks of academic elites that produce and maintain trends, paradigms that do not need to be subjected to heuristics, research agendas frequently with specific political content, and control of the discourse of the past. Foucault argued that such a power-implanted structure is not intentional but emergent at the institutional level. This translates into a palaeoanthropological praxis that thrives on fact-collecting, and which produces interpretations that cannot be checked against any demarcation boundary to test their heuristics. This is reflected in the fact that paradigms may emerge and disappear in palaeoanthropology without need to confront them with their empirical content. Some examples are presented that justify this assertion

Enabling participation in community-dwelling children and young people with acquired brain injuries and their families: a theory-based, evidence-based and person-based approach to intervention development

ObjectiveTo codesign and develop an intervention to promote participation and well-being in children and young people (CYP) with acquired brain injury (ABI) and family caregivers.DesignA complex intervention development study including...

Multi-criteria evaluation of carbon capture technologies in steel, cement, petrochemical, and fertilizer industries: Insights for emerging and developed countries

This research addresses the global imperative to tackle climate change by evaluating different carbon capture technologies based on various criteria in hard-to-electrify sectors such as steel, cement, petrochemicals, and fertilizers, providing practical insights for policymakers engaged in the shift toward low-carbon industrial processes. The study employs a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach, specifically the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), using a systematic and objective evaluation process, integrating rigorous pairwise comparisons using the Saaty scale through logical reasoning, along with eigenvalue calculations, resulting in a criteria and strategy ranking. In evaluating carbon capture technologies for heavy industry, external support (regulatory adherence, global collaboration, and financial incentives) is crucial for technology evaluation, which carries the highest weight (21.3 %). Technology maturity and reliability follow closely (17.4 %), emphasizing the importance of proven track records. Carbon capture efficiency and environmental and health impacts share a relatively high weight (13.7 %). Scalability and integration with existing infrastructure carry moderate weights (7.8 %). Energy requirements are less critical (6.7 %), while the cost-effectiveness criterion has a relatively low weight (3.9 %). Duration of operation and public acceptance and social impact also carry low weights (3.9 %), creating a balanced evaluation considering both technical and socio-economic factors. Post-combustion capture excels with a high score, making it suitable for emission reduction in hard-to-abate industries. Pre-combustion capture and oxy-fuel combustion have moderate scores, indicating balanced performance. Direct Air Capture faces challenges, resulting in a lower score, while carbon mineralization and biomass co-firing with carbon capture receive the lowest scores, suggesting potential limitations. We discuss the impact of climate change on carbon capture technologies, the influence of critical materials, the practical implications for Moroccan industries such as Lafarge Holcim (cement), OCP (phosphate mining and petrochemical processing), and Sonasid (steel), as well as for emerging and industrialized economies, including hydrogen, ammonia, and kerosene production from fossil fuels.

The Carbon Footprint of Hospital Services and Care Pathways: A State-of-the-Science Review.

Climate change is the 21st century's biggest global health threat, endangering health care systems worldwide. Health care systems, and hospital care in particular, are also major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. This study used a systematic search and screening process to review the carbon footprint of hospital services and care pathways, exploring key contributing factors and outlining the rationale for chosen services and care pathways in the studies. This state-of-the-science review searched the MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), GreenFILE (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, Scopus, and the HealthcareLCA databases for literature published between 1 January 2000 and 1 January 2024. Gray literature was considered up to 1 January 2024. Inclusion criteria comprised original research reporting on the carbon footprint of hospital services or care pathways. Quality of evidence was assessed according to the guidelines for critical review of product life cycle assessment (LCA). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023398527. Of 5,415 records, 76 studies were included, encompassing 151 hospital services and care pathways across multiple medical specialties. Reported carbon footprints varied widely, from carbon dioxide () equivalents () for an hour of intravenously administered anesthesia to 10,200 for a year of hemodialysis treatment. Travel, facilities, and consumables were key contributors to carbon footprints, whereas waste disposal had a smaller contribution. Relative importance of carbon hotspots differed per service, pathway, medical specialty, and setting. Studies employed diverse methodologies, including different LCA techniques, functional units, and system boundaries. A quarter of the studies lacked sufficient quality. Hospital services and care pathways have a large climate impact. Quantifying the carbon footprint and identifying hotspots enables targeted and prioritized mitigation efforts. Even for similar services, the carbon footprint varies considerably between settings, underscoring the necessity of localized studies. The emerging field of health care sustainability research faces substantial methodological heterogeneity, compromising the validity and reproducibility of study results. This review informs future carbon footprint studies by highlighting understudied areas in hospital care and providing guidance for selecting specific services and pathways. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14754.

Aplikasi Pembelajaran Tajwid dan Nagham Al-Qur’an Berbasis Web

Mastery of Tajweed and Nagham Al-Quran is crucial for accurate and melodious Quranic recitation. However, access to qualified teachers or reputable learning institutions is not always readily available to everyone. To address this challenge, this research aims to develop a web-based application that facilitates independent and interactive learning of Tajweed and Nagham Al-Quran. The study employs a structured software development methodology following the Waterfall model. Data collection involved literature reviews and interviews with subject matter experts on Tajweed rules, which served as the foundational basis for developing the application’s content. Key features of the application include modules for learning Tajweed and Nagham, Quranic reading exercises, a Tajweed glossary explaining key terminologies, and audio-visual resources to demonstrate clear examples of recitation.Testing results confirm that the application effectively aids users in comprehending and applying Tajweed and Nagham principles. Functional testing verified that all features operate as intended, highlighting the application’s reliability as a self-directed learning tool. This research concludes that the web-based Tajweed and Nagham Al-Quran learning application provides users with a more accessible and flexible platform to enhance their Quranic recitation skills. Future development is recommended to include a mobile version of the application to improve accessibility. Additional interactive features, such as discussion forums for experience sharing and advanced automated recitation evaluation tools, are also proposed to enhance the learning experience. The application leverages web-based technology and adheres to the Waterfall model to ensure a systematic development process. Its web-based nature enables compatibility across a variety of internet-connected devices, significantly broadening user reach. In summary, this research demonstrates that a Tajweed and Nagham Al-Quran learning application bridges the gap in access to quality education, offering an innovative and effective solution for individuals seeking to deepen their Quranic knowledge and recitation skills.

Why and how do workplaces invest in mental health and wellbeing? A systematic review and process tracing study.

In recent years, investment in workplace mental health and wellbeing has grown. However, there is little understanding of how resource allocation decisions are made in such settings. To ensure evaluative research can support resource allocation, a process-based understanding of decision-making would be helpful. In phase one a systematic review of the literature on the implementation of workplace mental health and wellbeing schemes was conducted to draw insights on workplace resource allocation processes. In phase two an in-depth case study of a large company was conducted with interviews with those involved in resource allocation and wellbeing. Interviews were coded and analysed using descriptive and explanatory accounts. The findings from the review and case study were combined and developed into a causal process theory. This study shows that the stages in mental health and wellbeing investment revolve around ensuring organisational buy-in, workforce investment, and continual evaluation. Further work is needed to explore the transferability of the resulting process theory across different types of workplaces. However, it is clear that the features of real world decision-making in workplaces present challenges and opportunities for the research community.

Creating a labelled district heating data set: From anomaly detection towards fault detection

For an efficient operation of district heating systems, being able to detect anomalies and faults at an early stage is highly desirable. Here, data-driven machine learning methods can be a cornerstone, particularly for fault detection in district heating substations, where the availability of heat meter data keeps increasing. However, the creation of data sets suitable for training such machine learning models poses challenges to researchers and practitioners alike. To address this problem, we propose a systematic and domain-specific process for data set creation for fault detection in the form of practical guidelines. This process concretizes the data science and data mining cross-industry standard CRISP-DM for the district heating domain and focuses on the process steps of goal definition, data acquisition and understanding, and data curation. We aim to enable researchers and practitioners to create data sets for fault detection in the district heating domain and therefore also enable the creation or improvement of machine learning models in this domain. In addition, we propose a minimum viable feature set for fault detection in district heating networks with the goal of enabling better cooperation between researchers and easier transfer of the resulting machine learning models, to better proliferate new progress in the field.

Die Brücke zwischen Theorie und Praxis schlagen: Veranschaulichung von Implementierungsansätzen für komplexe Familieninterventionen

BackgroundThe introduction of complex family interventions poses a challenge since they consist of various interacting components which affect multiple players and often require changes in behaviour and work processes. Implementation success is strongly influenced by environmental factors. The comprehensive implementation of complex interventions therefore needs a deliberate and systematic implementation process, including its evaluation. Implementation science offers a variety of theories and methods to support the integration and evaluation of complex family health interventions in real-world settings, requiring a broad spectrum of knowledge and skills for clinicians and researchers alike. Hence, specific examples may be relevant to both clinicians and researchers who wish to systematically address know-do gaps in clinical practice. AimThe aim is to describe and illustrate how complex family interventions can be systematically designed, evaluated and implemented using implementation science frameworks and methods by drawing on two research projects – namely the Family Support in Intensive Care Units (FICUS) and Bereavement Support for Families (B4F). Methodical steps to implementationFive steps were used to implement and evaluate the interventions across both research projects: 1) engaging key persons and families, 2) identifying gaps in care and developing/adapting the intervention, 3) understanding the implementation context, 4) tailoring implementation approaches, and 5) evaluating implementation progress and success. Discussion and conclusionThe five illustrated steps allow for a theory-guided but nevertheless pragmatic approach in the implementation of complex family interventions. This approach may serve as a guide to integrate complex interventions and evidence-based practices into routine care and to close know-do gaps.

A framework to conceptualize social prescribing services from a prevention perspective

ObjectiveSocial prescribing models are expanding worldwide to serve multiple goals, such as attending to social conditions that affect people's health, supporting patients with mental health issues or other long-term conditions, facilitating community building and reducing demands on the health care system. Implicitly, many social prescribing services seek to promote health, prevent morbidity or deterioration of disease. Given that the scientific literature currently does not systematically frame these services as preventive service models, we propose a framework to explicitly conceptualize social prescribing from a prevention perspective. MethodsBased on concepts from prevention science (e.g., classifications of prevention approaches), and a comparison of social prescribing models in different countries, we compiled a framework allowing to conceptualize, plan and evaluate social prescribing from a prevention perspective. Examples of social prescribing models were identified using systematic reviews and focused key-word-searches. ResultsOur framework outlines a systematic process for explicitly designing social prescribing models for prevention purposes. It consists of the following steps: defining target populations (e.g., young people with mild mental health issues), formulating intended outcomes (e.g., improved social participation), determining a prevention approach (e.g., universal or indicated prevention), deciding on the implementation setting (e.g., primary or specialized care) and selecting services for prescription (e.g., physical activity outdoors). ConclusionThe framework advances the field by guiding the conceptualization, development and evaluation of social prescribing services. It contributes to widening possible settings for social prescribing and considers potential adverse consequences. Thereby the framework opens up new avenues for social prescribing as preventive service model.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Adult Vascular Access: The Protocol for the Association for Vascular Access Clinical Practice Guidelines Systematic Review

Abstract The Institute of Medicine (IOM) defines clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) as “statements that include recommendations intended to optimize patient care that are informed by a systematic review of evidence and an assessment of the benefits and harms of alternative care options. Creating clinical practice guidelines involves a systematic process that ensures the development of evidence-based and reliable recommendations for health care professionals. The Association for Vascular Access’ CPGs are being developed by a diverse multidisciplinary team to provide evidence-based recommendations and guidance for health care professionals involved directly and indirectly in vascular access administration, leadership, device insertion, and care. This protocol outlines the process implemented to develop CPGs to ensure the reader trusts in the accuracy. The AVA CPG protocol presents a comprehensive and evidence-based approach to vascular access care. By providing standardized recommendations, it aims to improve patient outcomes, reduce complications, and enhance the delivery of high-quality care. The protocol serves as a valuable resource for health care professionals involved in vascular access management, facilitating best practices and promoting standardized approaches to enhance patient safety and quality of care.

Діалог культур і емансипація: за публікаціями журналу «Жіноча Доля»

The aim of the article is to trace the multifaceted nature and specifics of how was presented the emancipation movement by the editors and authors of the journal «Zhinocha Dolia» (Women's Fate, Kolomyia, 1925–1939). A comprehensive approach to the research object allows for the inclusion of individual facts into the historical retrospective and national context of various nations' traditions. It also enables the study of the influence of historical, religious, and political factors, including the process of decolonization in countries such as Czechoslovakia, Turkey, Japan, China, Canada, the USA, India, and others. The research objective is to identify, systematize, and analyze the journal's publications that introduced readers to broad geographic and cultural horizons as a window into the world of diverse national traditions and historical realities. The study also examines the societal response to women's acquisition of voting rights, access to education, equal pay with men, and participation in various public associations and organizations. Research methods include analytical (content analysis), descriptive, historical, and comparative approaches. The novelty of the article is in its first-ever analysis of materials from the Kolomyian journal Zhinocha Dolia focused on of studying the systematic process of the emancipation movement in different countries around the world. The journal's long publication period provides a chronological framework spanning a decade and a half. At the same time, its extensive geographic scope highlights various forms of women's rights oppression in a historical and cultural context. Conclusion: The analysis of the wide thematic, problematic, and geographical spectrum of the publications demonstrates the complexity of the issue of women's equality, the need for its legislative enshrinement, taking into account the importance of historical, national, and religious traditions, and the necessity of exchanging experiences among women's organizations of different nations. Keywords: emancipation movement, Zhinocha Dolia, Olena Kysilevska, intercultural dialogue.

Can the Present Canadian Health Care System Provide Evidence-Based Pharmaceutical Care? Consideration of Two Important Cardiovascular Clinical Contexts.

Canada is the only country with universal health care lacking universal pharmaceutical care (pharmacare). Currently, a minority portion of the population has drug coverage. Furthermore, there may be discordance between provincial plans of medications that are covered. We aimed to evaluate present systems for drug coverage and ability to provide evidence-based care according to Canadian cardiovascular (CV) guidelines. The drug review process and formularies for provinces and territories were queried to evaluate concordance between guideline-recommended medications and present coverage. Two common cardiology scenarios, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and antiplatelet drugs in acute coronary syndrome, were chosen as case studies because of recent Canadian-based CV practice guideline updates. Coverage criteria were extracted to assess for interprovincial variations and determine whether listing decisions are concordant with best evidence and guidelines. Multiple organisations are involved in drug review. Despite Canada's Drug and Health Technology Agency (CADTH) recommendations, there are extensive interprovincial variations in listing decisions for CV drugs, with CADTH recommendations followed only 33% of the time. Among 24 CV drugs reviewed, 23% of listing decisions were discordant from guidelines and best evidence. Novel drugs disproportionately carried the highest discordance from evidence. No systematic process exists for formulary updates based on new evidence, changes in guidelines, or drug pricing. Current Canadian drug review decisions are complex and coverage decisions vary widely, resulting in an inability to provide guideline-recommended CV evidence-based medicine. In developing future pharmacare programs, it is crucial to centralise the drug review process and integrate mechanisms to incorporate up-to-date evidence.

What is observable? Exploring the design and content validity of a clinical teaching observation instrument

ABSTRACT Globally, preservice teacher (PST) pedagogy needs to be developed and evaluated within teacher preparation programs (TPPs). This case study explores the procedures within one school of education in the United States to design a clinical teaching observation instrument. The authors report on the systematic processes of a committee representing six disparate TPPs to first identify essential observable PST behaviors that translate across programs. They then reveal how the committee designs an instrument and creates usable scales to detail the range in quality of these behaviors. Throughout both processes, the authors explain their use of clinical field supervisor feedback to revise and validate the instrument so that it reflects the knowledge of those who have experience with and will be implementing it. This study has implications for TPPs across domestic and international contexts about the systematic processes for development as well as policymakers and PSTs on observable pedagogical behaviors.

Systematic Literature Review: Pengaruh live streaming commerce, gamification experience, personalization recommendation dimediasi oleh customer engagement terhadap purchase Decision Pada Marketplace

This systematic literature review tries to answer the question of what research results and methods are used by searching for several variables The effect of live streaming commerce, gamification experience, personalized recommendations mediated by customer engagement on purchase decisions. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the prism method with the help of Watase Uake, and the Mendeley Application. This research is limited by only looking for Scopus Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 journal articles, published in 2023-2024. Based on 408 articles reviewed, through a systematic literature review process, with article publication time in 2024. The results showed that 13 articles met the criteria and were used as references in this study. The results showed that in the context of e-commerce and live streaming, various factors such as information quality, social interaction, influencer characteristics, and emotional elements play an important role in influencing consumer behavior. Platform quality and parasocial relationships can increase perceived value and user engagement, while content credibility and streamer authenticity contribute to purchase decisions, suggesting that effective marketing strategies and a deep understanding of consumer interactions are critical to driving impulse purchase behavior and improving the overall consumer experience.