Power Generation System Research Articles

Maximum Power Tracking System for Photovoltaic Power Generation in Local Shadow Environment Based on Ant Colony Optimization Fuzzy Algorithm

Maximum Power Tracking System for Photovoltaic Power Generation in Local Shadow Environment Based on Ant Colony Optimization Fuzzy Algorithm

Technological Paradigm Between the Production of Photovoltaic and Thermal Solar Energy in Sahelo-Sahelian Countries

The energy sector in Sahelian countries such as Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger is facing enormous challenges. Indeed, electricity shortages, characterized by recurrent breakdowns of means of production and import dependency due to an unfavorable energy mix, are numerous in these countries. Concerns about the high costs of facilities and operations, as well as environmental pollution, not forgetting to mention the matter of the countries' energy sovereignty, have led to the desire to use reliable, profitable and adapted means of production. The aim of this study is to review the literature on electric power generation systems in the world, in Africa and in Sahelian countries, with an emphasis focus on photovoltaic and thermal solar energy. In addition, it highlights, in views of the problems raised, works that have suggested solutions. To achieve this, scientific articles, theses and other scientific documents dealing with electric power generation systems from 2014 to 2024 have been consulted. This enabled us to get knowledge on the various electric power generation systems, to know their advantages and limitations, and above all the perspectives in terms of electric power generation. Additionally, they provided a source of inspiration for setting up an electric power generation system in line with the realities of the countries of the Alliance of Sahel States (ASS).

A high gain quasi Z‐source based full‐bridge isolated DC‐DC converter with extendable structure for grid‐tied/standalone PV system

AbstractA multi‐input single‐output converter that is based on the impedance network and the standard isolated converters is presented. The topology is named quasi Z‐source full‐bridge isolated converter (qZSFBIC). The proposed topology helps to integrate various renewable power generation systems with a common three‐phase grid‐connected inverter. It was also capable of providing isolation between the input and output circuits in addition to the boost function. The integration of multiple energy sources is achieved using fewer components than conventional converters. As a result, it achieves greater conversion efficiency and has improved circuit characteristics. It offers a larger voltage control range as compared to the conventional ZSC and enhances the input‐output voltage transformation ratio. To determine whether or not the suggested converter is technically feasible, the circuit architecture, operating principle, control mechanism, and simulation results are presented. An improved proportional resonant‐second order general integrator (IPR‐SOGI) has been utilized to provide a gating signal for the voltage source inverter. The 1.5 kW, 400 V, 50 Hz model is designed to authenticate the proposed scheme with qZSFBIC. The results showed that the proposed converter offered double the time of boosting than the conventional ZSC converter and the conversion efficiency is around 89%.

A Novel Single-Stage Boost Single-Phase Inverter and Its Composite Control Strategy to Suppress Low-Frequency Input Ripples

Low-frequency pulsating ripples exist on the input side of a single-phase inverter, which bring some adverse effects and harm to the inverter and photovoltaic power generation system. In order to suppress the low-frequency pulsating ripple and reduce the filter circuit parameters, a novel single-stage boost single-phase inverter is proposed, which can suppress low-frequency ripple. And a three-closed-loop compound control strategy that can suppress input low-frequency ripples under the limitation of an energy storage inductor current and buffer capacitor voltage is proposed. The circuit topology, control strategy, key circuit parameters design, system modeling, and simulation of the inverters are deeply analyzed and studied. Simulation and experimental results show that the inverter has a good ability to suppress input low-frequency ripples.

Fuzzy Modelling Algorithms and Parallel Distributed Compensation for Coupled Electromechanical Systems

Modelling and controlling an electrical Power Generation System (PGS), which consists of an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) linked to an electric generator, poses a significant challenge due to various factors. These include the non-linear characteristics of the system’s components, thermal effects, mechanical vibrations, electrical noise, and the dynamic and transient impacts of electrical loads. In this study, we introduce a fuzzy modelling identification approach utilizing the Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) structure, wherein model and control parameters are optimized. This methodology circumvents the need for deriving a mathematical model through energy balance considerations involving thermodynamics and the non-linear representation of the electric generator. Initially, a non-linear mathematical model for the electrical power system is obtained through the fuzzy c-means algorithm, which handles both premises and consequents in state space, utilizing input–output experimental data. Subsequently, the Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSO) is employed for optimizing the fuzzy parameter m of the c-means algorithm during the modelling phase. Additionally, in the design of the Parallel Distributed Compensation Controller (PDC), the optimization of parameters pertaining to the poles of the closed-loop response is conducted also by using the PSO method. Ultimately, numerical simulations are conducted, adjusting the power consumption of an inductive load.

Three-Phase Single-Stage AC-DC Converter Using Series–Series Compensation Circuit in Inductive-Power-Transfer-Based Small Wind Power Generation System

In this paper, a three-phase single-stage AC-DC converter for an IPT-based small wind power generation system (WPGS) with an S-S compensation circuit is proposed. It applies a three-phase single-stage AC-DC converter to improve the input power factor (PF), efficiency, and reliability in small WPGSs. Also, inductive power transfer (IPT) was applied to compensate for brush wear in the nacelle of small and medium-sized wind turbines while ensuring electrical safety. In conditions of the three-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) voltage (80~260 Vrms) for the wind turbine and the load (150~1000 W), it was verified that the desired output voltage below 3% can be controlled through the fixed link voltage (VLink) control without wireless communication. A 1 kW prototype was built and tested to demonstrate its applicability to the rotation of small and medium-sized wind turbine nacelles instead of brushes and slip rings.

Flow-induced vibration of turbo-expander impellers for industrial waste heat recovery: An analysis based on two-way fluid structure interaction

In the effort to conserve energy and reduce emissions, waste heat recovery for power generation offers a significant advantage by enabling energy recycling. The turbo-expander, a critical component within expansion power generation systems, plays a pivotal role. However, flow during various operation can generate vibrations that negatively affect operational efficiency and trigger safety hazards. Therefore, studying the flow-induced vibration of the turbo-expander is of significant value. We apply computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and transient structural mechanics to examine the flow-induced vibration characteristics of the turbo-expander influenced by stator-rotor interaction using a two-way fluid structure interaction (FSI) strategy. The flow field modeling and calculation approach discussed here is validated through actual operating data from a prototype. Subsequent stages involve coupling the steady-state flow field with the structural field and performing pre-stress modal analysis on the impeller. In the end, we integrate flow-induced excitation from flow field calculations with the transient structural field to calculate the impeller’s flow-induced vibration at the expansion end of the turbo-expander. Our analysis reveals that guide vane frequency (3267 Hz), its harmonic frequencies, and pre-stress modal frequency (1465 Hz) prominently manifest in pressure pulsation and the dynamic response of the turbo-expander impeller under the influence of stator-rotor interaction.

Environmental impact assessment of different power generation strategies in Oman: A comparative life-cycle analysis

This paper presents a comparative environmental impact assessment considering different power generation strategies in Oman. The Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology, and the OpenLCA tool, were employed in carrying out comprehensive analysis, and evaluation of the various environmental aspects in filling the research gap, by replacing conventional diesel generators with natural gas alternatives in Oman. The obtained results indicate that utilizing natural gas significantly reduces environmental impacts, including a decrease in global warming potential to 2.27 million kg CO2 eq, fossil fuel depletion to 34.5 million kg oil-eq, and ozone depletion to 0.13 kg CFC-11 eq. This study would help in policy decision-making to support a potential shift in power generation system, transitioning from the current use of diesel generator sets to flared produced Natural Gas across crude oil processing plants. Thus, mitigating operational cost, and improving efficiencies, for sustainable developments. Another salient part of this study is the implementation of more sustainable energy practices that supports the broader application of LCA in evaluating industrial environmental impacts. Furthermore, the results obtained in this work are in line with recent global climate change commitments and Oman's Vision 2040, in achieving cleaner energy sources to minimize environmental harm in the oil and gas sector.

Comparative analysis of optimization approaches for combined economic emission dispatch- a comprehensive review

This comprehensive review explores a range of optimization approaches for Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED), covering conventional, non-conventional, and hybrid techniques. CEED is critical in minimizing economic costs and emissions while ensuring power system reliability. Traditional methods focus on cost minimization but overlook environmental considerations. Optimization techniques address this gap by simultaneously optimizing economic and environmental objectives. Hybrid techniques, combining multiple algorithms or integrating renewable energy, further enhance CEED performance. The review evaluates these approaches’ strengths and limitations, considering factors like computational efficiency and solution accuracy. Over the past few decades, a great deal of study has been done on the use of renewable energy (RE) as an alternative source in power generation systems. As a result, the power dispatch problem currently uses the Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED) of thermal and renewable energy resources. It discusses the potential of hybrid techniques and take in consideration renewable energy integration in achieving cost savings and emission reductions, highlighting areas for future research.

Comprehensive 3E -energetic, economic, and environmental-analysis of a hybrid solar dish-Brayton engine and fuel cell system for green hydrogen and power generation

This work aims to assess the energy, economic, and environmental performance of a novel hybrid solar dish Bryton engine and fuel cell (SDBE-FC) system for generating green hydrogen and electricity. The system includes solar dish units, fuel cells, an electrolyzer, a converter, and a hydrogen storage tank. The study introduces a novel SDBE-FC system, replacing typical photovoltaic/fuel cell setups, to achieve higher efficiency and improved financial and environmental competitiveness. A vigorous energy-enviro-economic analysis is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink® to model system components. Key parameters have been analyzed, including the electrolyzer efficiency, flow rate, power, and the SDBE plant and FC stack's power, area, and efficiency. The total levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the reduction in CO2 emissions are also calculated. Results showed that using 50 stacked fuel cells achieved an efficiency of 7%, increasing the number of staked fuel cells to 400 increased the efficiency by eightfold achieving a peak power of 297 kW. The efficiency and power output of the fuel cell decreased by 16% and 22.2%, respectively, when the operational temperature increased from 40 °C to 80 °C. Furthermore, LCOE as low as 0.218 US$/kWh was achieved using 25 SDBE units at 1100 °C. At 30 kW, the SDBE system produces 750 kW of power with 18.3% efficiency and occupies 4099.8 m2 as the temperature (Th) reaches to 1100 °C. The SDBE, with a rated power range of 15 kW–30 kW, achieved a 390.8% CO2 emissions reduction, amounting to 34,120.76 tons of CO2, when 25 SDBE units were utilized.

A new y-source high-gain buck-boost converter suitable for solar PV power generation system

A new y-source high-gain buck-boost converter suitable for solar PV power generation system

Low voltage distribution intelligent control system based on distributed photovoltaic grid connection

Abstract This article mainly studied the use of distributed photovoltaic power generation technology to achieve intelligent control of low-voltage distribution networks. With the rapid development of new energy, distributed photovoltaic power generation technology has become an important means to alleviate the current energy crisis and environmental problems. This article first elaborated on the theory and research status of distributed photovoltaic power generation systems. Based on this, artificial intelligence technology was applied to distributed photovoltaic power generation systems for real-time monitoring to enhance their stable and reliable performance. When the simulated grid voltage was set to 220V, the system output voltage was also 220V, showing a deviation of 0.0%, proving that the system has excellent regulation accuracy at this voltage level. This article is an innovative research that integrates distributed photovoltaic power generation with intelligent control, opening up a practical and feasible technical path for the large-scale utilization of clean energy. Therefore, this study has significant academic value and practical significance.

A smooth switching strategy for steady-state operation control and fault transient control of doubly fed induction generator

Abstract As the proportion of wind power generation systems in power systems continues to rise, their dynamic response during system malfunctions has gained significant importance. As the grid short-circuit ratio continues to decrease, traditional fault ride-through algorithms for wind power generators may no longer be applicable. This is evidenced by voltage oscillations under significant disturbances and overvoltage issues during low-voltage ride-through, which are further aggravated during asymmetric fault conditions. Therefore, this paper focuses on the low-voltage ride-through issues of doubly fed induction wind power generators in weak power grids. It investigates the steady-state operation and transient control schemes and proposes a smooth transition strategy for steady-state and fault transient operations of doubly fed wind power generators. This approach guarantees the synchronization of active and reactive power, mitigates steady-state reactive power imbalance, and prevents voltage fluctuations triggered by recurring low-voltage ride-through occurrences. Furthermore, during fault recovery, a ramped active power restoration approach is employed to mitigate the coupling of active and reactive power introduced by the phase-locked loop, enabling rapid and stable restoration of active and reactive power outputs. As a result, superior dynamic performance is achieved during both symmetric and asymmetric fault processes. Finally, the superiority of the proposed smooth transition strategy under different fault scenarios is validated through simulations with the RTLAB platform.

Performance analysis of multi turbines and SOFC combined power generation system for hypersonic vehicles

Scramjets are one of the most promising propulsion systems for hypersonic vehicles, but their application in vehicles with long-endurance is limited by electricity supply issue. This study proposes a combined power generation system based on solid oxide fuel cells and turbines for efficient power generation and energy cascade utilization. A lumped parameter model coupling proposed system and scramjet is developed for performance evaluation. Results indicate that in the process of energy cascade utilization, more pressure energy is utilized by turbines rather than fuel cells could enhance the electric power, and the system under the optimal energy cascade utilization condition obtain 537.13 kW of electric power and maintain the efficiency of fuel cells at 56.79 %. Further, for the system under optimal energy cascade utilization, there exists an optimal fuel utilization ratio of the fuel cells (0.7) which maximizes the electric power (539.37 kW), and the system electric power increases with decreasing current density of the fuel cells. Finally, the effect of power generation on propulsion is not significant. The maximum decrease in specific thrust and specific impulse is less than 0.4 % and 0.8 % per 100 kW power generation respectively. This research provides a novel scheme to achieve power generation for hypersonic vehicles.

High-noise solar panel defect identification method based on the improved EfficientNet-V2

As a crucial element in photovoltaic power generation systems, the condition of solar panels significantly impacts the efficiency of power generation. The ability to accurately and promptly detect defects in solar panels is essential for enhancing system performance. This study introduces a novel model for identifying defects in photovoltaic modules, leveraging an enhanced version of EfficientNet-V2. This model aims to address challenges in identifying defects in infrared images of solar panels under conditions of high-noise and low-model efficiency. To address the challenges of high image noise and blur, this article initially presents a methodology that combines the Db4 wavelet transform with a blind deconvolution algorithm for comprehensive preprocessing of the original image. Furthermore, this study optimizes the model's feature representation capabilities by implementing key transformations within the EfficientNet-V2 network framework. Notably, we replaced the traditional SE block with the more efficient channel attention (ECA) mechanism module. Due to its lightweight structure and effective performance, ECA substantially improves the model's capacity to extract complex and abstract image features, while also accelerating the training process's convergence speed and enhancing overall computational efficiency. At the classifier level, this paper innovatively integrates the XGBoost ensemble learning algorithm into the model, substituting the conventional softmax classifier used in traditional convolutional neural network (CNN). With its superior generalization capabilities, robust nonlinear modeling skills, and efficient computational characteristics, XGBoost can more accurately detect minute defects in solar panels based on the deep features produced by EfficientNet-V2, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and robustness of defect detection. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model structure outperforms traditional CNN models in terms of accuracy and stability, underscoring the efficacy of the enhanced EfficientNet-V2 model in detecting solar panel defects under high-noise conditions.

Construction of a photovoltaic low-voltage grid connected power regulation system based on partition control

Abstract Photovoltaic power generation is a green and renewable power generation mode and has been widely used. However, the power fluctuation of photovoltaic power generation has a significant impact on the power grid, which is very important. Based on the concept of regional control, this paper studies the photovoltaic low-voltage grid-connected power regulation system. The photovoltaic power generation system is divided into multiple regions, and each region is provided with an independent control unit and regulation strategy under the control of multiple control areas. The regional factors are combined, such as light intensity and power voltage. In the case of the city, the impact of the area on the whole is dynamically adjusted to achieve the overall balance of power and the stability of the system. The experimental results show that the photovoltaic low-voltage grid-connected power regulation system constructed by regional control performs well and has a high degree of stability. According to the change in light intensity and load demand, the system can achieve accurate control and distribution of photovoltaic power generation.

Design of small independent photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract This article designs a small independent photovoltaic power generation system, which includes solar panels, controllers, batteries, and inverter modules. The design requirements and principles of boost converters and inverters were elaborated, and the inverters were simulated in Matlab; The fuzzy control method was selected to track the maximum power point, and its effectiveness was verified through MATLAB simulation; Corresponding methods have been proposed to prevent or reduce factors that affect the output power of photovoltaic arrays, such as power attenuation, shielding loss, and temperature rise loss. It has extremely important significance for promoting the development of photovoltaic power generation, achieving zero carbon goals, and sustainable development of human society.

Converter-based multi-frequency power transfer system for efficient energy packet transmission in the energy internet

The energy internet concept involves the transmission of energy in discrete packets, akin to the information internet's principle. The energy internet must adopt a decentralized configuration and enable bidirectional and simultaneous power transfer. This raises the problem of congestions during the energy packet dispatching process. To address potential congestion issues, we propose a three-phase multi-frequency power transfer system (MFPTS) where the positive-sequence fundamental frequency component is supplemented with the zero-sequence third and the negative-sequence fifth harmonic components. By using such signals with proper amplitudes, the harmonics are added to the voltage without changing the peak amplitude but increasing the rms value. To exert complete control over the different frequencies employed within the MFPTS, a decoupling method is necessary to separate these frequencies in the control system. This leads to creating three independent channels of power transfer by three frequencies without changing the existing infrastructure as these powers can be transferred within the same lines. This paper explores the feasibility of three-phase three-frequency power transfer by using three parallel power transfer channels, achieved through the utilization of three-phase grid-forming and grid-feeding converters. Using power converters provides the advantage of bidirectional power transfer and facilitates decentralization by serving as an interface between distributed power generation systems and the utility grid. These properties are essential for achieving optimal energy internet performance. The simulation and practical results prove that the proposed MFPTS could solve the energy packet dispatching congestion problem to have a reliable energy internet for the future.

Improved droop control strategy for distributed photovoltaic power generation systems

Improved droop control strategy for distributed photovoltaic power generation systems

Utilization of solar and wind power-generation systems in the mining industry: recent trends and future prospects

Utilization of solar and wind power-generation systems in the mining industry: recent trends and future prospects