Income Distribution System Research Articles

A Study on the Index System for Evaluating Low Carbon Economy of Resource-Based Region Based on AHP

In accordance with the principles and AHP method, this research proposed an evaluation index system which is appropriate for resource based regions. The index system includes four modules---low carbon industry module, low carbon society module, low carbon environment module, low carbon technology module and characteristics of resource module that contains 23 specific indicators. Then it applied the system to three typical resource-based regions--Inner Mongolia Province, Shanxi Province, Heilongjiang Province. Lastly, according to the work above, this article put forward proposals that could do help to develop low-carbon economy of resource-based regions. They are expanding the industrial chain as well as industry exit mechanism, establishing mechanisms for cooperation among the resource-based regions to develop and apply low carbon technologies actively and adjusting income distribution system to reducing the income gap between urban and rural areas of resource-based regions.

The Equal Pay Policy in China: A Preliminary Assessment

Drawing on field research and statistical data, this article is an original contribution to the understanding of the public sector “equal pay” policy and, more broadly, income distribution in China. The making and development of the equal pay policy epitomize the complexity and challenges in promoting wealth distribution in China. Surging government revenue boosts public confidence in improving civil service pay in order to build a responsible government while the widening income inequality in society complicates remuneration across sectors in China. Although the Chinese government has substantially mitigated the public–private pay gap, attempts to make pay more equal across different localities and units have largely failed in China. Compared with some developing countries, the Chinese government has fiscal capacity to pay civil servants fairly and adequately; nevertheless, substantial pay inequality within the public sector has diluted the positive effect of the civil service pay reform. The broad implication is that inclusive growth toward a harmonious society in China requires a thorough and comprehensive rethinking of China's overall income distribution system.

System Guarantee for Social Equity in Today's China

Social equity is balanced and equal distribution of rights and interests. A sound system is the fundamental guarantee for social equity. Unfortunately, imperfection of the current system in China obstructed social equity in today’s China such as income distribution system, dual urbanrural system, market economic system, citizen rights and interests, protection system and social security system. To eliminate these barriers, strengthen system building and guarantee social equity, equity and justice should be taken as the primary goal of value for system building; a guarantee mechanism for social equity system should be built focusing on fairness in rights, opportunities, rules and distribution; and a system to guarantee social equity should be built and perfected with multi-tiered systems including macro basic system, medium operation system and microcosmic concrete system. Key words: Social equity; System; Guarantee

Study on the Demand, Present Situation and Development Countermeasure of Uranium Resources in China

The paper has introduced that Chinese nuclear power development plan and the present situation of domestic uranium resources, and pointed the ways and methods to increase possible new uranium resources. Based on the demand and situation, the new situation of uranium resources development of related countermeasures was proposed briefly in this article. First, it strengthens uranium exploration; prospecting for deep concealed deposit, fill the gaps, further find out favorable area of uranium mineralization. Second, it actively develops the exploitation of overseas uranium resource and looking for a variety of forms of investments, and adopts the flexible ways of cooperation, in order to increase the uranium resources as far as possible. Third, the mining industry structure was optimized, the technology level was improved, the production cost was reduced, and the scale of production was expanded, carried out the dominant role of mining and the subsidiary role of diversified economy of multiple structured management patterns to promote local economic rapid development. Fourth, it should be perfected related policy laws as well as regulations about uranium resources development, and establish a perfect system of assets income distribution.

Vzťahy medzi nerovnosťou dôchodkového rozdelenia, ekonomickým rastom a dôchodkovou chudobou. Aktuálne poznatky súčasnej ekonómie

In this paper we systematize existing theoretical and empirical, often contradictory, knowledge of leading international economists and foreign institutions about reciprocal and causal relations between income distribution, economic growth and income poverty, in order to highlight the importance of income distribution in the economic system, the causes and consequences of income distribution at the macroeconomic and microeconomic levels, which knowledge is relevant for both current economic theory and economic policy. In this paper we seek to answer questions such as: Why is it important to be interested in income inequality? How to relate income inequality and economic growth? Does economic growth affect income inequality or can income inequality increase or decrease the rate of growth? Is the initial level of property or income important for macroeconomic performance and macroeconomic growth? How can the initial level of wealth and income inequality influence the effects of economic growth on poverty reduction? Is there an effective state policy to reduce or eliminate income poverty? Can a government reduce poverty only by promoting economic growth, or is it desirable to choose a combination of growthredistribution policies?

Study on the Independent Innovation Encouragement Mechanism for College Technology Talents

In the time of knowledge economy, the growth and innovation of knowledge are being the essential driving force to form the new formation of economic development and the social advancement. As the important base of basic innovation, colleges should exert the function of fresh troops in the tide of independent innovation. By using the foreign college technology talents innovation encouragement mechanism for references, based on China’s actual conditions, we need actively to cultivate the innovation spirit and strengthen the policy support of the government for the college technology innovations in the big environment, and in the small environment such as colleges, we need really establishing the technology talents’ oriented management concept, reasonably planning and constructing the scientific research echelon, and establishing the fair income distribution system.

A Review Of The Evaluation Methods Of The Value Of Human Capital Of The Manager In China

Recent directives of the Chinese government specify property rights and income distribution for factors of production. The study as to how these factors are allotted appropriate shares of business income is becoming essential to the establishment of the China’s modern enterprise system. When the manager is regarded as one of the factors of production, how one measures the value-added becomes a component of the income distribution system of the business. This paper surveys traditional views of the manager as a human capital, and offers an alternative suggestion for the measurement of the human capital of the manager which can more accurately reflect the reality of the operation of the business.

Gender wage inequality in the transitional Chinese economy: A critical review of post-reform research

AbstractChina's economic reform has brought significant changes to its income distribution system. This article critically and systematically reviews a growing but scattered literature on gender wage inequality in post-reform China. It concludes that, due to appropriate rewards of human capital characteristics, market liberation gives rise to a gender wage differential which is similar to or smaller than the differential in most industrialised and developing nations. Moreover, the gender wage gap is smaller in urban industries than in rural ones. Gender wage discrimination that accounts for unexplained components is generally smaller than that of the earnings differential. Increased market competition does not seem to reduce gender wage inequality. However, the current literature is inconclusive, as it examines the gender wage inequality of only a tiny fraction of the country's vast population and geography before China's accelerated reform in the late 1990s. Large-scale empirical research, exploring effe...

From the supply system to the duty-graded salary system: Evolution of income distribution system of government officials around the founding of the People’s Republic of China

Around the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the income distribution system of party and government officials has experienced a great reform from the supply system featured by equalitarianism to the duty-graded salary system with strict ranks and wide gaps. This change runs against the convention of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and proposition of Marx Karl. Chairman Mao Zedong was never satisfied with this distribution system marked by strict ranks and tried to amend it. It amounted to the same at the end as his failure to prevent the generation of this system, even though it experienced “the Cultural Revolution.”

Carry out the revolution and increase production!

This article is a first non-marxist attempt to explain the evolution of the Chinese economic order theoretically, using Bergsonian welfare economics and the Tinbergen theory of the optimum regime. After a discussion of the Maoist attempt to create a new type of human being, the aims of Chinese economic policy are identified as the drive to achieve a rapid rate of growth, a paternalistic preference for social goods, and a more or less egalitarian system of income distribution in which the relationship between individual income and individual achievement is broken. The actual pattern of Chinese economic (de)centralisation and (de)concentration can be explained by the Chinese decision makers' gradual acceptance of an optimum economic order, which does not depend solely on objective factors but also on the subjective choices made when deciding on the aims. The Chinese optimal order is chargcterised, on the one hand, by a pattern of centralisation which is similar to the Western type of centralisation, and, on the other hand, by a degree of concentration which is lower than in any other economy of comparable size and living standards.