Ethical System Research Articles

Can an AI-carebot be filial? Reflections from Confucian ethics.

This article discusses the application of artificially intelligent robots within eldercare and explores a series of ethical considerations, including the challenges that AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology poses to traditional Chinese Confucian filial piety. From the perspective of Confucian ethics, the paper argues that robots cannot adequately fulfill duties of care. Due to their detachment from personal relationships and interactions, the "emotions" of AI robots are merely performative reactions in different situations, rather than actual emotional abilities. No matter how "humanized" robots become, it is difficult to establish genuine empathy and a meaningful relationship with them for this reason. Even so, we acknowledge that AI robots are a significant tool in managing the demands of elder care and the growth of care poverty, and as such, we attempt to outline some parameters within which care robotics could be acceptable within a Confucian ethical system. Finally, the paper discusses the social impact and ethical considerations brought on by the interaction between humans and machines. It is observed that the relationship between humans and technology has always had both utopian and dystopian aspects, and robotic elder care is no exception. AI caregiver robots will likely become a part of elder care, and the transformation of these robots from "service providers" to "companions" seems inevitable. In light of this, the application of AI-augmented robotic elder care will also eventually change our understanding of interpersonal relationships and traditional requirements of filial piety.

The Role of the New Media in Spreading the Culture of Volunteering in the Iraqi Society: Facebook as a Model

Volunteering is considered and continues to be the cornerstone of building society, spreading love, and fostering social cohesion among its members. This practice varies from time to time and from one community to another. Sometimes it decreases, and other times it increases. It can take the form of monetary donations or other charitable deeds. Volunteering is a humanitarian act closely tied to all the meanings of goodness and pure, righteous deeds for the sake of Allah. It is connected to the religious aspect, as Allah says: 'So whoever volunteers good, it is better for him. So volunteering has become a necessity among life's necessities due to its social message aimed at participation in building, developing, and strengthening the foundations of society. Consequently, the culture of volunteering has become an integral part of the cultures of developed societies, representing a system of principles, ethics, standards, and practices that encourage initiative and positive actions that benefit others (1). At the global level, volunteering has received increasing attention from the United Nations through its programs and institutions that provide assistance to the poor, marginalized, afflicted, and refugees. December 5th has been designated as International Volunteer Day as a tribute by the international organization to the significant role that volunteering can play in all areas of humanitarian and developmental work (2). In this research, the study indicates a significant increase in the number of donors among both young and adult individuals. The study seeks to shed light on the role of new media in promoting a culture of volunteering within Iraqi society, especially among the audience in Thi Qar province. The aim of promoting the culture of volunteering through new media platforms is to instill positive values of volunteering, encourage active participation in volunteer programs at the individual, institutional, and community levels, and extend this to regional and international levels. It emphasizes that volunteering is not merely about good intentions; rather, it has evolved into a professionally performed activity that employs new skills in management, finance, service delivery, and communication with others. The study emphasizes the importance of setting performance standards and evaluation criteria to develop, renew, and innovate new mechanisms for volunteering (3).

Assessment of Health Values, Beliefs, Norms, and Behavior towards Consumption Intention of 3D-Bioprinted Meat.

Continuous innovation in product development further enhances consumer appeal and contributes to a more sustainable and ethical food system. This study used the health belief model (HBM) and value-belief-norm (VBN) theory to investigate the customer perceptions of and intentions towards 3D-bioprinted meat. Specifically, this study examined consumer behavior factors using higher-order partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Data were collected from 738 meat consumers through online survey questions, distributed among social groups and face-to-face distribution-limiting only to respondents who are familiar with 3D-bioprinted meats. Using a filtering question, only those who are familiar with and have knowledge of the topic were considered valid respondents. Based on the results, all variables under the integrated theories were deemed significant. Consumers' perceptions of 3D-bioprinted meat are also shaped by altruism, egoism, biospheric concern, and willingness to change. The findings revealed that buyers rationally choose benefits over social or personal values. The study emphasized educating consumers, being transparent about production, and constantly innovating for higher acceptance of 3D-bioprinted meat. In order to foster consumer confidence, it is essential to prioritize transparency in the production process, encompassing information regarding sourcing and manufacturing methods. Certifications that validate safety and quality standards serve to reinforce this notion. In addition, the implementation of competitive pricing strategies has the potential to enhance the accessibility of 3D-bioprinted meat, whereas industry partnerships can aid in distribution operations and improve market visibility-all of which extend the practical implications developed for this study. Moreover, the foundation of the integrated framework promotes its extension and application outside technology-based meat production. This could also be considered and utilized among other studies on developed food and food consumption.

Religion, Race, and the Limit of Ethics: Historical Considerations

ABSTRACTThis article examines the study of Indigenous religions and ethics in the late‐nineteenth and early‐twentieth centuries. Over the past few decades, scholars have grappled with the colonial origins of religious studies. This essay focuses on the history of anthropological scholarship on Indigenous religions and the significance of this work for the growth of the academic study of religious and ethical systems. I first consider scholarship on Indigenous ethical systems produced by theologians and comparative religionists. I next consider how anthropological concepts of cultural relativity offered scholars of religion important tools to broaden and deepen understandings of Indigenous cultures. Finally, I address the limits of these anthropological tools. During this era, scholars increasingly argued that Indigenous cultural traditions were worthy of study; however, the prevailing racialized assumptions contributed to assessments of these ethical systems as inferior to Euro‐American religio‐ethical systems.

The Role of Synthetic Data in Advancing AI Models: Opportunities, Challenges, and Ethical Considerations

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) relies on access to large, diverse, and high-quality datasets to train and evaluate models. However, acquiring real-world data can be challenging due to privacy concerns, data scarcity, and high costs. Synthetic data—artificially generated data that mimics real data characteristics—offers a promising solution to these issues. This paper explores the role of synthetic data in advancing AI models by analyzing its potential to overcome data limitations, accelerate innovation, and enhance model robustness. We examine current opportunities where synthetic data can provide value, discuss technical challenges such as data fidelity and scalability, and consider ethical implications, including privacy, transparency, and potential biases. By addressing these factors, synthetic data can become an integral component in building more efficient, ethical, and reliable AI systems. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of synthetic

Advancements, Applications, and Future Directions of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare represents a transformative shift in medical procedures, offering substantial benefits across various domains. With advancements in AI technologies such as machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), healthcare systems are witnessing improvements in early detection, patient treatment, and overall administration. This article traces the evolution of AI, from foundational contributions by Alan Turing during World War II to contemporary applications like ChatGPT, and examines the impact of AI in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes. Methods: This comprehensive review analyzes the existing literature on AI applications in healthcare, focusing on various AI methodologies and their integration into clinical settings. It evaluates the effectiveness of AI in processing large datasets, improving diagnostic precision, and facilitating data-driven decision-making. The study also explores the ethical, legal, and technical challenges associated with AI deployment in medical environments. Results: AI technologies have demonstrated significant improvements in healthcare, particularly in early disease detection, personalized treatment plans, and resource management. The use of AI in analyzing vast medical datasets has enhanced diagnostic accuracy, reduced costs, and optimized patient care. However, challenges related to ethical considerations, patient privacy, and system reliability remain critical barriers to full-scale AI adoption. Conclusion: Despite the challenges, AI is positioned as an indispensable tool in modern medicine, capable of enhancing preventive care, personalizing treatments, and improving healthcare delivery. This review proposes a framework for evaluating the benefits, challenges, and strategies of AI integration in healthcare. Further research is essential to maximize AI's potential while addressing ethical and practical concerns, ensuring safe and effective implementation in clinical settings.

A starting framework for urban AI applications

There has been a growing concern about the ethical implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in urban environments. Scholars have highlighted the dual nature of AI, which can both enhance urban sustainability and pose significant privacy risks. The literature acknowledges that AI introduces specific challenges in urban contexts. However, there remains a gap in comprehensive sector-specific ethical frameworks tailored to the unique challenges posed by AI applications in cities. This study aims to fill this gap by proposing a starting framework for the ethics of Urban AI applications, providing principles to guide responsible AI development and deployment in urban settings. The study employed a two-phase methodology: a content analysis of 100 AI ethics documents to develop a preliminary framework, followed by a survey of experts and stakeholders to validate and expand this framework by identifying urban-specific risks and ethical considerations. The developed ethical framework for Urban AI applications provides a starting point to pave the way for ethical and sustainable urban AI systems that enhance the quality of life for all city residents.

Utilizing machine learning algorithms to prevent financial fraud and ensure transaction security

Financial fraud poses a significant threat to the global economy, necessitating advanced measures for detection and prevention. This paper explores the application of machine learning techniques to enhance transaction security and combat financial fraud. It provides a comprehensive overview of machine learning algorithms, including supervised and unsupervised learning, neural networks, and anomaly detection. Each technique's application in identifying and preventing fraudulent activities is discussed, along with their advantages and limitations. Challenges in implementing machine learning for fraud detection, such as data quality, scalability, real-time processing, and model interpretability, are examined. Ethical and privacy concerns associated with using machine learning in financial transactions are also addressed. By highlighting these aspects, the paper aims to contribute to developing more effective and ethical machine learning-based fraud detection systems, ensuring robust transaction security and fostering trust in financial institutions.

Gamification for Mental Health and Health Psychology: Insights at the First Quarter Mark of the 21st Century.

The concept of gamification, originally rooted in digital media and game design, has increasingly emerged as a pivotal element in psychology and engagement strategies. Its application spans diverse domains within healthcare, offering innovative solutions to transform patient care through behavior modification and heightened engagement. This contemporary perspective explores theoretical frameworks and provides a critical interdisciplinary examination of current advancements in gamification for mental health and health psychology, identifying existing knowledge gaps and projecting future trends and research directions within these contexts. Based on this, concise criteria for designing, implementing, and evaluating gamification in healthcare, aligned with acknowledged best practices to promote ethical, fair, and trustworthy systems, are outlined, establishing a robust theoretical framework to design gamified interventions and scientifically evaluate their impact.

Between “Jing 敬” and “Cheng 诚”: A Linguistic Study of the Internalization Process in the Pre-Qin Confucian Ethical System

Between “Jing 敬” and “Cheng 诚”: A Linguistic Study of the Internalization Process in the Pre-Qin Confucian Ethical System

The role of moral integrity in the association between moral self and moral sensitivity among nurses: A mediation model.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between moral self, moral integrity, and moral sensitivity in decision-making among nurses. Background: nurses face moral dilemmas almost on a daily basis. Studies have demonstrated that nurses with high moral sensitivity make thoughtful decisions and exhibit professional responsibility. The current study seeks to examine personality variables that may be related to moral sensitivity among nurses. Design: A cross-sectional study. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the IRB of the authors University's ethics committee (number: AU-HEA-LO-20220317). Written consent was obtained from all participants. Methods: A structured questionnaires were administered to a sample of 187 Israeli nurses. Results: The degree of nurses' moral self, moral integrity and moral sensitivity was relatively high. "Patient-centered care" was found to be the most significant component of moral sensitivity. The next component is "Using knowledge bases," followed by "Exercising professional judgment." While the concept of patient-centered care was found to be related to the nurses' moral self, the other components were found to be related to their moral integrity. The mediation model found that moral integrity mediates and even strengthens the moral self in its connection with moral sensitivity. Conclusions: Understanding the role of moral self and moral integrity in explaining moral sensitivity, can contribute to achieving a desirable combination of "the good and the right" in nursing practice, thereby enhancing nurses' work. From a practical perspective, these findings are also relevant to nursing education. Nursing education plays a pivotal role in fostering moral and ethical decision-making in both clinical aspects and ethical moral sensitivity. Strengthening the moral self and moral integrity among nursing students can aid in making balanced and morally sensitive decisions while also building moral and ethical support systems to assist students in distressing and emergency situations.

Ethical Considerations in Human-Centered AI: Advancing Oncology Chatbots through Large Language Models.

The integration of chatbots in oncology underscores the pressing need for human-centered AI that addresses patient and family concerns with empathy and precision. Human-centered AI emphasizes ethical principles, empathy, and user-centric approaches, ensuring technology aligns with human values and needs. This review critically examines the ethical implications of employing Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3 and GPT-4 in oncology chatbots. It examines how these models replicate human-like language patterns, impacting the design of ethical AI systems. The paper identifies key strategies for ethically developing oncology chatbots, focusing on potential biases arising from extensive datasets and neural networks. Specific datasets, such as those sourced from predominantly Western medical literature and patient interactions, may introduce biases by over-representing certain demographic groups. Moreover, the training methodologies of LLMs, including fine-tuning processes, can exacerbate these biases, leading to outputs that may disproportionately favor affluent or Western populations while neglecting marginalized communities. By providing examples of biased outputs in oncology chatbots, the review highlights the ethical challenges LLMs present and the need for mitigation strategies. The study emphasizes integrating human-centric values into AI to mitigate these biases, ultimately advocating for the development of oncology chatbots that are aligned with ethical principles and capable of serving diverse patient populations equitably.

Call of duty: rethinking the relationship between economics and ethics in teaching – walking in the footsteps of Albion Small

This paper argues that economics education needs to be underpinned by a new ‘system of ethics’ whose goal is to help students achieve a better understanding of today’s global challenges. Given the absence of a single universal truth in ethical matters, this ‘system of ethics’ combines Weber’s ‘ethics of conviction’ and ‘ethics of responsibility’ in a way that aims to instill in students ‘attitudes’ in reference to global ends and social values as advocated by Albion W. Small. An ethical approach to economics education forces us to consider relations of power in economic activities and, for that reason, to recognise that the production and distribution of economic resources is a matter of justice. It forces us to consider the question of what kind of society we want and how we can improve the common good. This new ‘system of ethics’ to be promoted in economics curricula requires economics professors to answer a ‘call of duty’ which should be reflected by their teaching methodology and course contents. I use courses dealing with money and finance as an example to showcase this new ‘system of ethics’.

Konsep dan Urgensi Pancasila Sebagai Sistem Etika

Pancasila, as the basis of the Indonesian state, not only acts as a constitution but also as an ethical system that underlies national and state life. In the midst of the challenges of globalization and modernization, the values ​​of Pancasila are experiencing significant tests. This article explores the concept and urgency of Pancasila as an ethical system, highlighting the reasons for the need for Pancasila as a moral guide in everyday life. Through historical, sociological and political approaches, this article analyzes the dynamics and challenges faced by Pancasila as an ethical system. A deep understanding of the essence of Pancasila as a source of values ​​and the urgency of its existence in shaping national character is the main focus of the discussion.

Family therapy and the ecology of parallel universes

AbstractAstrophysicists and cosmologists seriously propose that our universe, with its three dimensions and local physical bylaws, is one of an infinite number of parallel universes. This paper discusses the relevance of these ideas for contemporary systemic family therapy, such as thinking about the therapist's positioning in relation to the family. Ideas such as the anthropic principle suggest each meeting of a therapist and family forms a unique systemic entity or singularity with its own universe of by‐laws peculiar to a location in time and space. We are like travellers between parallel family therapy universes where the therapist's epistemology, theory or model is less important than how therapists and clients position themselves towards each other. This ecological positioning encompasses contextual, emotional, cultural, ethical and spiritual belief systems.

Christian Motifs and Images in the Short Story by V. G. Korolenko “In a Bad Society”

The article analyzes Christian motifs and images, evangelical quotations and reminiscences that make up an important semantic layer of the work.In the center of the events is the fate of a six-year-old boy (the hero-narrator), who, after the death of his mother, experienced the “horror of loneliness” and is looking for a “soul mate.” It is established that such evangelical reminiscences as “separating sheep from goats” (Matthew 25:32), “helping others” (Matthew 25:33‒46), make it possible to identify the axiological coordinates of the inhabitants of the Ukrainian town where the protagonist’s family lives. It is shown that the behavior of the townspeople explicates such a phenomenon of religious life as Pharisaism, recalling the conversion of Christ to the Pharisees (Matthew 25:27‒28). The text includes an allusion to the biblical story of Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 13:13) and parallels the situation to that in the small town in western Ukraine which exists only by virtue of three righteous people living there, one of whom is the narrator’s father. Also, the mention of the biblical prophet Jeremiah doesn’t seem accidental: he had to convert the people who had departed from the faith, knowing well that his calls to repentance would remain fruitless (Jer. 20:8). The events of the short story show that the boy’s personality is formed under the influence of beggars and vagabonds, as opposed to ordinary people who seek to observe the moral law. It has been determined that an important place in the plot structure is occupied by the good/evil, life/death and heart/stone oppositions, which outline the main differences in the characters’ ethical systems. According to the conclusions, in the imagined world of the short story, the inhabitants of Princetown, whose hearts have hardened, are the antithesis of the boy Vasya and his friends from the dungeon with merciful and sympathetic hearts. Their very existence seems to remind readers of the well-known words of the Savior: “…unless you turn and become like children, you will not enter the Kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 18:3).

Development of Sparkol Videoscribe Interactive Video Learning Media Integrated with Case Method on Pancasila Material

This study aims to develop an interactive Sparkol VideoScribe learning video integrated with the case method in the Pancasilacourse, which will enable students to understand the Pancasila material better. The problem is the lack of interactive learning mediathat students can access, especially when learning Pancasila. This research uses the type of research development (Research andDevelopment) with the 4-D development model with the stages of defining, designing, developing and dissemination. Thedevelopment stages are integrated in the activities of 1) Integration of Pancasila material, namely the History of Pancasila Formulation, Pancasila as an Ethical System and Pancasila as the Basis for Science and Technology Development; 2) Integrating the material that has been developed into the Sparkol VideoScribe application; 3) Development of Sparkol VideoScribe Interactive Video integrated with Case Method; 4) Preparation of validation instruments and validation of Sparkol VideoScribe Interactive Video Integrated with Case Method by material experts and media experts; 5) Implementing videos that have beendeveloped to students while reflecting and evaluating; 6) Disseminating research products to students. The results of this studyare based on the results of material expert validation obtained a result of 85% with the category "Very Valid". In addition, basedon the assessment of media experts, the result is 75% with the category "Valid". Based on the assessment results from material andmedia expert validators, the interactive video learning media Sparkol VideoScribe is suitable for use in the Pancasila learning process.

Pancasila Sebagai Sistem Etika

Ethics is a science that discusses the habits and customs that develop in society. Pancasila as an ethical system in Indonesia is closely related to the basic values contained in the five precepts of Pancasila. The purpose of Pancasila as an ethical system is to find out the reasons related to it, political sources, historical sources, and sociological sources of the ethical system in Pancasila. In addition, it can find out the dynamics or challenges and urgency and essence of Pancasila as an ethical system. The method used is a qualitative research method with a study or literature study approach. The results of this study are that Pancasila plays an important role for Indonesian citizens in regulating appropriate behavior or behavior and is a guideline and foundation for society in ethics.

Analysis of the repercussions of Artificial Intelligence in the Personalization of the Virtual Educational Process in Higher Education Programs

This study examined how artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the personalization of the virtual educational process in higher education programs. A systematic review of literature published between 2012 and 2023 was carried out, evaluating empirical studies, reports and review articles available in academic databases such as IEEE Xplore, SpringerLink and Google Scholar. Methods discussed include intelligent tutoring systems, learning analytics, and recommendation systems. The results showed that AI significantly improved the personalization of learning. Intelligent tutoring systems provide real-time adaptive feedback, adjusting content and pacing based on students' individual needs, improving their understanding and retention. Learning analytics helps identify student behavior patterns and predict academic issues, thereby facilitating timely interventions that help improve performance. Additionally, recommender systems personalize study materials based on student preferences and progress, thereby optimizing the educational experience. However, significant challenges have been identified, such as the need to protect data privacy and mitigate algorithmic biases that can affect the fairness and efficiency of these systems. In conclusion, the integration of AI into virtual higher education has enhanced the personalization of learning, improving both student satisfaction and academic performance. However, there is a need to continue to focus on developing ethical and equitable AI systems to address identified issues and maximize educational benefits

Transformation of Islamic Economics: Opening Halal Opportunities Amid the Dynamics of Society 5.0

Various correlated variables affect the transformation of the Islamic economics in the context of society 5.0. These variables include halal supervision and certification, public awareness of sharia principles, product and service innovation, collaboration between Islamic financial institutions and technology companies, and integration of advanced technology. New product and service innovations, such as sukuk bonds and Islamic mutual funds, also contribute greatly to the transformation of the Islamic economics. On the other hand, the integration of technologies such as fintech and blockchain has increased accessibility and transparency in Islamic financial services, and increased public awareness of the benefits of the Islamic economics has increased demand for Islamic goods and services. Technology companies and Islamic financial institutions work together to produce innovations in Islamic financial services, while technologies such as blockchain ensure authenticity and transparency in the halal industry. Understanding these components is important in transforming the Islamic economics towards a more inclusive, sustainable and ethical economic system in a 5.0 society.