In the research work, an assessment of the organization of career guidance, factors affecting labor adaptation, the conditions necessary for career advancement, and the role of the head nurse in all designated areas has been made. Aim. Improving the system of career guidance, adaptation and professional growth of nursing staff in a medical organization. Results. The existing system of personnel management, including career guidance, adaptation, and professional growth of specialists, was studied; the system of career guidance for high school and medical college students was analyzed; factors influencing the adaptive capacity of nursing staff, high school and medical college students were identified; the role of the head nurse in the organization and conduct of career guidance, as well as in the adaptation of specialists in the workplace and their professional growth, was determined; the conditions necessary for the professional growth of nursing staff were studied. Conclusion. The reserve for improving the quality of measures to protect the health of the population is to increase the social, medical, and economic efficiency of the work of nursing staff, which has significant human resources.