System Module Research Articles

THE METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING THE FUNCTIONAL STABILITY OF THE PROTECTION SYSTEM OF SPECIAL NETWORKS

Information systems function under the influence of external and internal destabilizing factors. Under negative influence, system modules may fail. However, the systems must function offline for a specified time. Such a condition of functioning can be fulfilled by ensuring the property of functional stability. The property of functional stability was introduced due to the observation of the behavior of biological systems, organisms with the inherent property to fulfill given goals with physical damage due to biological redundancy: sets of sense organs, physiological analyzers, nerve fibers, the configuration of the brain as a control and information processing system, as well as symmetry body The main feature of functionally stable systems is their ability to degrade at the structural level until the system completely fails, that is, to exclude defective elements from the structure, to rebuild the structure, to adjust the system parameters. adapt to new operating conditions. The main means of ensuring functional stability is the introduction of redundancy (structural, software, time, etc.) during their design. The paper analyzes the existing scientifically based approaches to increasing the efficiency of complex technical systems, which include an intelligent automated control system. A technique for determining the features and indicators of the functional stability of the special purpose network structure, which provides communication between the UAV group and the operator, is proposed. Quantitative methods for assessing functional stability based on the above indicators are proposed. On the basis of these assessments, recommendations can be made on the construction of the structure or reasonable requirements for the structure of the wireless sensor network that will be designed and operated can be formulated. the main feature of functionally stable systems. It has been established that this is their ability to degrade at the structural level until the complete failure of the system, that is, to exclude defective elements from the structure, rebuild the structure, and adjust the system parameters to adapt to new operating conditions. It has been proven that the main means of ensuring functional stability is the introduction of excesses into their construction: structural, program, time, etc.

Analysis and development on general structure and characteristics of laser interferometry systems

The laser interferometry systems have been developed for scientific studies, industrial operations, artworks investigation, etc. They present common generic elements, such as laser, optics, beam, polarization, splitting, interferometry, etc., but also diverse specific components and features,such as He-Ne or femtosecond laser, quantum cascade lasers, non-polarising beam splitter, collimating lens, high reflecting mirror, photodetector, attosecond pulse train, etc., as the case. The paper presents, also, a development on general structure and characteristics of laser interferometry systems. Analytical descriptors are introduced for the main implied entities, as well as some qualitative features referring to measurement object, coordinate system, lasers, laser beams, optics, output beams, detectors, environmental sensors and compensation modules, electronics, process software and computer, assembly, calibration, etc. The conclusions accord attention to further laser interferometry development regarding the interacting processes, analytical modelling, simulation, operational characteristics, etc.

Tinkertoy: Build Your Own Operating Systems for IoT Devices

The Internet of Things (IoT) makes it possible for tiny devices with sensing and communication capabilities to be interconnected and interact with the cyber–physical world. However, these tiny devices have limited computing power and memory, so they often cannot run commodity operating systems, such as Windows and Linux. IoT devices are deployed everywhere, from smart home appliances to self-driving vehicles, and their applications impose ever-increasing and more heterogeneous demands on software architecture. There are many special-purpose and embedded operating systems built to satisfy these wildly different requirements, from early sensor network operating systems, such as TinyOS and Contiki, to more modern robot and real-time control systems, such as FreeRTOS and Zephyr. However, the rapid evolution and heterogeneity of IoT applications calls for a different solution. Specifically, this work introduces Tinkertoy, a collection of standard operating system modules from which developers can easily assemble customized operating systems. A customized operating system provides precisely the functionality needed by an application and consumes up to four times less memory than other IoT operating systems without sacrificing performance.

From hierarchical control to flexible interactive electricity services: A path to decarbonisation

This paper first reviews today’s hierarchical control and highlights modelling and control assumptions which may no longer hold in the changing electric energy systems. To overcome this fundamental problem, we conceptualise electric energy systems as complex dynamical systems using physically intuitive multi-layered energy modelling as the basis for systematic diverse technology integration and control. Such modelling exhibits unique structure which comes from the conservation of instantaneous power ( P ) and the rate of change of instantaneous reactive power ( Q ̇ ). We name P and Q ̇ as the rate of change of interaction variables (intVar) for characterising the interface of each system module with the rest of the system. The intVars are used as a means to model and control the interactive zoomed-out inter-modular (inter-area, inter-component) system dynamics. The control is distributed and modular as it utilises only a low-level detailed technology-specific model and intVar info exchange with the neighbours. As a result, the proposed approach can be used to support orderly and natural evolution from today’s hierarchical control to flexible interactive protocols for electricity services, key to implementing decarbonisation. • T&D system needs to be operated in a flexible data-enabled way in order to manage uncertainties in an efficient manner. • Efficient energy service requires temporal, spatial and functional alignment of energy resources and demand. • Models of interactions subject to conservation of instantaneous power and reactive power dynamics can be used to formulate optimization problems in the energy space as convex linear problems.

Development of a Radiometer for Ground-based Ultra Violet (UV)/ Cosmic Particle Characterization

Abstract: The need for high-precision radiometers for the measurement of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation triggered this research interest. This is due to the quest for the determination of the trends of terrestrial UV trends associated with the depletion of the ozone layer. This work features the development of a radiometer for the characterization of UV and ionizing radiations from the sun reaching the earth surface at a specific location. The radiations were quantified with the aid of a UV radiation sensor, Geiger tubes, a microcontroller and associated devices. Time series and location coordinates were stamped on the data records with the aid of NEO6M Global Positioning System (GPS) modules. The ionizing radiations were characterized in counts per minute (cpm), while the UV index indications were realized from the voltage output (mV) of the UV sensor using a model based on the UV index chart. The results obtained indicate that the UV index ranges from a minimum value of 0 to a maximum value of 3, while the radiation count ranges from a minimum value of 0 to a maximum value of 48 cpm for 3 days. Hence, the status of the ozone layer can be ascertained from a review of a much longer period of data gathering. Keywords: CPM, CSV, FFF, Geiger, GPS, Ionizing, UV.

Анализ межкомпонентных связей в метагеосистемах на основе имитационного моделирования

The article focuses on solving the scientific problem of quantitative analysis of intercomponent relationships in metageosystems of different hierarchical levels by using the method of simulation modeling. Studying the structure and properties of metageosystems proved to be based on the analysis of the regularities of interaction of the territorial components distributed in space. A list of requirements for the framework of simulation models of spatial processes is formulated, an algorithm for developing a model that describes the spatial-temporal processes occurring in territorial systems is presented. There have been singled out two directions for developing the framework of simulation modeling of spatial processes: deductive, in which the model building system must be initially designed in order to achieve the coverage 
 of solutions to the maximum number of tasks, and inductive, in which positive changes in the particular models turn into the basis for the development of the simulation framework. The combined use of deductive and inductive strategies will evolutionize the upgraded modeling framework and optimize the particular solutions developed on its basis. As an example of implementation of a software package that demonstrates the possibilities of simulation modeling for solving the problem of analyzing intercomponent relations in metageosystems there has been developed an information system for modeling traffic flows in urban metageosystems. The developed system consists of the following modules: a map editor, a component for working with a database, a subsystem for visualizing interactive graphical web interfaces, an auxiliary module for performing the necessary mathematical calculations, a subsystem for modeling urban traffic, and a recommender subsystem for generating recommendations based on rules. The implemented software package for simulating traffic flows in urban metageosystems can be used to create dynamic transport models able to predict the flow depending on the situation. The model serves as a tool for making strategic decisions regarding the development of the spatial struc-ture of a city or region. The system modules aggregate interacting with each other and ensure the reliable and uninterrupted operation of the simulation system as a whole.

Low Power Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) Decoder by Using Modified Resource Sharing Method for IoT Enabler

This paper proposes a new pre-computation approach based on the auxiliary trellis of the TCM decoder's ACSU (add compare select unit). The suggested method is based on pre-computation of path metrics and resource sharing of the ACSU unit. The Viterbi decoder itself is a power-consuming module of the communication system that comprises the TMU (transition metric unit) and ACSU (add compare select unit). By applying the suggested method, the authors would be able to achieve low dynamic power. The TCM decoder designed accordingly shows better SER/ BER results in comparison to the existing techniques. The 4D 8 PSK TCM encoder and decoder were implemented as per the design specifications given by consultative committee for space data system (CCSDS) for satellite applications. The simulations results are observed on 100 Mbps data for 8PSK modulation and the ¾ code rate of the TCM encoder. The results based on the new method show improved power-speed ratio with improved SER and BER.

Intelligent Campus System Design Based on Digital Twin

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, prevention and control measures became normalized, prompting the development of campuses from digital to intelligent, eventually evolving to become wise. Current cutting-edge technologies include big data, Internet of Things, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence drive campus innovation, but there are still problems of unintuitive scenes, lagging monitoring information, untimely processing, and high operation and maintenance costs. Based on this, this study proposes the use of digital twin technology to digitally construct the physical campus scene, fully digitally represent it, accurately map the physical campus to the virtual campus with real-time sensing, and remotely control it to achieve the reverse control of the twin virtual campus to the physical campus. The research is guided by the theoretical model proposed by the digital twin technology, using UAV tilt photography and 3D modelling to collaboratively build the virtual campus scene. At the design stage, the interactive channel of the system is developed based on Unity3D to the realize real-time monitoring, decision making and prevention of dual spatial data. A design scheme of the spiral optimization system life cycle is formed. The modules of the smart campus system were evaluated using a system usability scale based on student experience. The experimental results show that the virtual-real campus system can enhance school management and teaching, providing important implications for promoting the development and application of campus intelligent systems.

Research and Practice on Project based Teaching of Java Web Application Development Course based on Shipping Characteristics

To overcoming the separation problem between the major teaching and industrial development, the software technology specialty takes the systematization of the working process as the basic idea, carries out the project-based teaching reform, and realizes the transformation from the knowledge system to the ability system. In order to better reflect the shipping characteristics, the software technology specialty takes the shipping information project as a project-based teaching case. As a core course, the Java Web application development course takes the enterprise workbench module of ship water pollution supervision and service information system as a teaching case throughout the course. In the teaching process, the cultivation of knowledge, skills and accomplishments is carried out throughout the process of student project realization, so as to truly achieve learning by doing and learning by doing. The project teaching of Java Web application development course with shipping characteristics has improved the teaching quality of teachers and students' enthusiasm, and provided a new method and perspective for the teaching reform of software technology courses in higher vocational colleges.

Water Sprinkler with LPG Detection, Notification, and Control System and GSM Module

Water Sprinkler with LPG Detection, Notification, and Control System and GSM Module

Design of Bad Information Filtering System for Web Pages

The openness and globalization of the Internet make the information spread on the network mixed, and all kinds of advertisements, spam, reactionary, obscene, violence and other bad information seriously interfere with the normal use of the Internet by Internet users. This paper studies the workflow of the web page bad information filtering system, analyzes the functional modules of the filtering system, and designs the network data processing, text data processing and adaptive processing modules in detail.

A decision‐making support system module for customer segmentation and ranking

AbstractMany businesses have their own method of segmentation and of customer evaluation to help them give the appropriate managerial attention to each segment and each customer. This paper proposes a more refined and objective decision‐making support system module that allows segmentation and full ranking of customers. It offers several improvements and advantages over the state‐of‐the‐art methods. The module is based on customer criteria with quantitative values that can be extracted from the organizational information system. Customer scores are calculated objectively on the basis of measurable criteria without the need for human evaluation. The module determines the relative location of each customer within that customer's segment (for example, Platinum, Gold, Silver, and Bronze), tracks changes that occur over time, and enables a full and precise ranking of the customers according to company‐defined criteria. The module can be computerized and results can be generated quickly at any time, using up‐to‐date data. The module's design was based on feedback from a survey conducted among 39 managers and its applicability was successfully demonstrated in a real‐world case study. The decision‐makers in the organization where the case study was conducted stated that they would apply the proposed method quarterly (four times a year) instead of once a year. It was also found that the proposed method saves about 90% of the time and resources required to prepare a customer portfolio management and customer ranking compared to the subjective method that was used.

Implementing the evidence translation-based resilience care model on family caregivers of stroke patients: a best-practice implementation project

The aim of this project was to promote for the family caregivers of stroke patients the resilience evidence translation care model in the community. Stroke is the main cause of disability among many patients with chronic diseases. Resilience helps family caregivers facing the consequences of adversity and stress to have a positive outcome. The study utilized clinical audit strategies under the JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System module. Three audit criteria for the caregivers of stroke patients were considered. A preimplementation audit was conducted with eight nurses and 30 caregivers to measure compliance between current practice and best practice. From that audit we identified barriers and facilitators to practice change by undertaking a Getting Research into Practice analysis. A postimplementation audit was conducted using the same number of samples at 8 weeks for the caregivers to evaluation, and the outcomes using follow-up audit. The three criteria showed an improvement: nurses who received education about resilience care protocols, criterion 1 from 0 to 100%, criterion 2 from 0 to 100%, criterion 3 from 0 to 90%. The results showed that the average resilience of caregivers increased from 17.47 (SD ± 1.94) to 18.33 (SD ± 1.54). The resilience scale of pretest and posttest scores were significantly improved ( P ≤ 0.001). The implementation of best practice for enhancing resilience of the family caregivers of stroke patients on the resilience evidence translation care model: a best practice implementation project in community settings is possible. The results indicate that evidence-based practice is an effective method for enhancing the resilience of family caregivers. The strategies contributed to the success of this project, such as scenario simulation education, Objective Structured Clinical Examination, regular weekly audits, and collaboration with project leaders when carrying out caregiver case discussion during clinical practice.

Implementation of automated selection of downhole pumping equipment in the ABAI information system

This article provides a description of the main approaches and principles for constructing individual algorithms used in the "Selection of downhole pumping equipment" module of the ABAI information system. The calculations were based on generally recognized methods for constructing an inflow curve, strength calculation of the rod string of a sucker rod pumping unit, etc.
 The main goals of creating a module for the selection of downhole pumping equipment, in particular, the subsystem "Selection of a sucker rod pump" are to increase the efficiency of the mechanized well stock, reduce premature failures of downhole pumping equipment due to the correct calculation of the rod string, pumping equipment mode, automation of the selection of downhole pumping equipment due to the mass use of the program by process engineers when working with a mining mechanized fund.
 The calculation algorithm, concise functionality, friendly interface in the module are built taking into account the work of field process engineers and shop foremen, in the conditions of making operational decisions on the selection of downhole pumping equipment in case of current failures.
 The authors compared the selection results in the process of implementing the module with generally recognized foreign software systems.

Water Sprinkler with LPG Detection, Notification, and Control System and GSM Module

Water Sprinkler with LPG Detection, Notification, and Control System and GSM Module

Supply Chain Readiness for Solar PV Expansion in Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has an ambitious plan to install 40 GW of solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity via large scale projects (majority of which are >100 MW) across the country by 2030. These projects are required to achieve a threshold percentage of the overall project cost as in country expenditure, termed “local content”. This threshold will rise to 40–45% by 2028, ensuring solar projects do not simply become investment opportunities for overseas companies but deliver jobs and skills development within the Kingdom. Local content is assessed across all aspects of a PV system—module, inverter, structure, etc. Typically, the PV module cost can range between ~34% to ~44% of the overall system cost. However, 56% of this module cost represents the manufacture of the solar cells. To maximise local content, the opportunity for KSA lies in module fabrication of imported solar cells. This study assesses the capacity readiness of the KSA to meet this opportunity in relation to its 2030 targets and the current policy landscape. The recently completed 300 MW Sakaka project had a local content of >30% based on the developers’ website and >35% based on our private communication. Our results indicate that this would rise by 19% for a project like Sakaka if all modules were fabricated in-country rather than being imported. The work also projected a shortfall in terms of in-country module fabrication capacity with clear implications to local content targets. The results show a shortfall in the range of 35% to 75% by 2030 depending on the adopted KSA energy policies and government support. KSA is seen to have good capacity in other PV components such as steel and float glass. In-country distribution of imported solar cells to module fabrication centres and subsequent distribution to PV farm sites has also been assessed. Our analyses indicate that a two-location solution reduces cost with new module fabrication capacity sited near Jeddah and Riyadh, minimising storage times, delivery time to site and distribution waiting times.

Flipped pedagogical approach in teaching skeletal muscle physiology for undergraduate medical students

Objectives: Medical teachers need to use different pedagogical approaches to enhance student learning. Students are exposed to the flipped classroom (FC) in addition to the other teaching approaches which may enhance the comprehension, interpretation, and analytic skills of the students. The objective of this study was to compare the test scores obtained after the FC teaching session with the test scores obtained after a traditional classroom teaching session on a topic in skeletal muscle physiology delivered to 1st-year undergraduate medical students. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one 1st-year undergraduate medical students, undergoing a musculoskeletal system module at a private medical college were involved in this study. Students in the flipped pedagogical method were required to read the notes and power-point slides provided in addition to watching the prerecorded lecture videos before class. During the class, there was a topic review session followed by a small case discussion in groups. In the traditional classroom, students were advised to attend the lectures but there were no recorded videos to watch before the session. The effectiveness of the two types of pedagogical approaches was tested through pre-test and post-test using multiple-choice questions. The students’ perception of FC was collected through a semi-structured validated questionnaire. Results: The pre-test mean score was higher for FC (5.48 ± 1.44) when compared to the traditional classroom (3.19 ± 1.4). In our study, the scores from pre-test to post-test in a traditional classroom showed statistically significant improvement (P = 0.0014) but were not statistically significant in the FC. In the flipped pedagogical approach, the difference between mean correct responses for question number 5 (P = 0.031) in pre-test and post-test was statistically significant. There was an improvement in the mean scores in all the eight questions between pre-test and post-tests in the traditional pedagogical method of teaching. About 79.6% of students agreed that they watched all the assigned videos and 78.6% of students completed reading the assigned power-point presentation slides before coming to the FC. About 78.5% agreed to learn more topics in FC format and 78.6% of students agreed that FC was more engaging and interesting in comparison to a traditional class. Conclusion: Our study showed that flipped and traditional pedagogical approaches both enhance student learning.

Green Bear - A LoRaWAN-based Human-in-the-Loop case-study for sustainable cities

Citizens are a crucial factor in the sustainability of the cities because they are one of the pillars for balancing their environment. Smart city projects can offer citizens an opportunity to understand how they contribute to their city’s sustainability. Furthermore, an interactive smart city system can create synergies that benefit both the citizens and the city itself. This paper presents the Green Bear smart city platform, an IoT Human-in-the-Loop system that uses LoRaWAN nodes to gather information on city green spaces, bike lanes, and recycling depots. A user-centered mobile application that allows for active user participation, feedback, and incentivization is used to close the loop with humans. This system allows citizens to evaluate their participation in aspects that improve the city’s sustainability through a gamification scheme, obtaining points for different activities in the city’s public spaces and personal activities to improve their quality of life. This solution is being implemented in the city of Coimbra, Portugal. After an overview of the system, the paper describes each main system module. The Green Bear prototype was subject to functional and technological assessment, and the results are presented and discussed.

A Plant Unit Relates to Missing Seeding Detection and Reseeding for Maize Precision Seeding

For the current sowing machine, unavoidable reasons such as clogging of the seed row disc type opener and the seed guide tube, slipping off the ground wheel, and other unavoidable reasons lead to sowing machine leakage. This paper designs a system to detect and compensate for missed sowing of maize precision seeds. The system mainly consists of a missed seeding detection system module, a control system module, a display system module, an actuation system module, a compensation system module, etc. Detection of missed seedings uses a microcontroller as the controller and a fiber optic sensor as the detection element. Through the microcontroller’s input capture and timer timing function, the total number of rows of missed and reseeded seeds is displayed on the LED display and fed back to the replenishment system to realize the alarm of missed seeds and automatic compensation. The results show that: the detection accuracy of missed seeding is more than 96%, and the highest detection accuracy can reach 100%. Less than 4% error occurred in missed seeding compensation (0.3% error in stepper motor speed, 4% error in rotation angle). The replanting rate of replanters is more than 90%; the replanting pass rate is more than 95%. When the tractor driving speed is 3~8 km/h, the sowing qualified rate is more than 90% to meet the sowing and replanting requirements.

FEATURES OF MODERN ERP-SYSTEMS FOR BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE

The need for the importance of effective management of the enterprise's business processes raises urgent problems of its automation with the help of the introduction of modern corporate information systems. ERP systems include the systems that cover the most important business processes of the enterprise and ensure their integration, optimization, as well as balanced management of the resources involved. The essence, architecture and general characteristics of ERP systems, their functionality and implementation at enterprises are considered. An analysis of literary sources was carried out on the study by many scientists of the essence of the concept of ERP systems, their historical development, concept, as well as advantages and disadvantages and economic efficiency. It was determined that ERP systems allow the most effective planning of all commercial activities of a modern enterprise, including financial costs for equipment restoration projects and investments in the production of new products. The relevance of the research, which is determined by the modern needs of managing business processes of an enterprise or company based on ERP systems, is considered. The expediency of using systems of this class is caused by the need to manage business processes in conditions of inflation and severe tax pressure. The purpose of this work is to study the concept of ERP and the functional capabilities of ERP systems for small and medium-sized enterprises. Various interpretations of the essence of the ERP system, the modern market and examples of existing ERP systems of Ukrainian software manufacturers are presented. To understand the functioning of the ERP system, its structure was considered: blocks (platform and modules); three-level client-server architecture (database, application server, user interface); core modules (production management, supply management, financial management, resource management, customer relationship management, project management). It was determined that the architecture of the software product plays a very important role when selecting a system for business optimization; modules of the ERP system allow you to optimize various aspects of the company's work. The peculiarities of the architecture of the IT-Enterprise ERP system and the functionality of the Perfectum CRM+ERP system for automating business processes of the enterprise are considered. The general characteristics of the systems for the execution of business processes of the enterprise are presented and the most common approach to the classification of ERP systems for the automation of the enterprise's business is determined. The functionality of the Perfectum CRM+ERP system for small and medium-sized businesses is considered. The author proposed the use of such systems for small and medium-sized businesses.