Model System For Formation Research Articles

Design a Building Information Modeling (BIM) project concept in combination with foundation monitoring on the example of the Abu Dhabi Plaza construction project

With the advent of new technology in the monitoring of buildings and highrise structures it has become possible to monitor damage and defects in existing structures and infrastructures. The need for timely detection of critical points of building structure defects through the use of sensors, as well as the lack of description tools for understanding, visualizing and documenting sensor output data increasingly encourages designers, builders and facility managers to use the capabilities of such a powerful system as the Building Information Modeling System (BIM). The primary goal of any construction project is safety for people, which can only be ensured by proper monitoring of building health, where the presentation and management of the received information about changes in the system and structure can be ensured by using BIM. The purpose of this paper is to describe the application of a distributed fiber optic strain gauge sensor system, and the possibility of integrating the data obtained from the sensors into the BIM system.

Modelling maintainability of healthcare facilities services systems using BIM and business intelligence

Designing Services Systems is becoming more complex with the raise of the importance of maintainable designs in order to improve the building performance. This research aims at enhancing the maintainability of the systems’ components in healthcare facility at early design stages to ensure better maintenance planning. The research proposes a framework that gathers the inputs from all business parties to assist in building a Maintainability Information Database (MID) that stores the maintenance information of systems components (e.g., costs, maintenance frequency, and code regulations) as well as the data responsibilities matrix. along with the maintainability goals which are used as a baseline in the design stage to evaluate the design options. Eight indicators are introduced to evaluate systems design in healthcare facility buildings with respect to the maintainability aspects. The framework integrates Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Business Intelligence (BI) system to assist in assessing maintainability by developing an add-in tool using C# programming language. The tool extracts all data required for maintainability assessment from the BIM models, runs the computation model for the assessment, and exports all and maintainability information and the assessment results to an interactive Business intelligence Dashboard in a web-based interface. The Business intelligence Dashboard is designated to track maintainability plans for all systems components of the healthcare facility building. The system functionalities are tested on an actual healthcare facility design project to evaluate two different design options and illustrate its capabilities.

IFC AND CITYGML SEMANTIC TRANSFORMATION FOR 3D GIS

Building information modelling (BIM) and geographical information systems (GIS) domains immensely contribute to a digital representation of architectural and environmental bodies respectively. BIM is endorsed in order to enhance the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry process to save time, cost and speed up the project, and more so, to minimise the frequent requests of information by the stakeholders within the industry. On the other hand, the Geographic Information System (GIS) has been increasingly used to generate detailed 3D data, geolocation and spatial analysis. Both BIM and GIS provide 3D data for the development of 3D city models, digital twin, smart city, AEC etc. However, there are significant diverse between the two in terms of their characteristics, scope of interest and focus that makes it difficult to easily be achieved. The amalgamation of the two worlds provides a clear picture of a built environment based on data (geometry and semantics) integration, which reinforces the enhancement of the three-dimensional (3D) applications in general into the digital world. This paper presents a methodology that semantically integrates the two worlds through their standards that is the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) which is an open standard, selected because it is the typical free standard to exchange data in the BIM world and City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) is the most leading 3D city model standard in 3D GIS. This is carried out by performing a semantic mapping between the two standards, converting the encoding that the two standards use from STEP in IFC(BIM) to XML in CityGML (3D GIS), by providing a basic implementation created using Python to combine the above tasks.

Digital twin-driven clamping force control for thin-walled parts

Clamping quality is one of the main factors that will affect the deformation of thin-walled parts during their processing, which can then directly affect parts’ performance. However, traditional clamping force settings are based on manual experience, which is a random and inaccurate manner. In addition, dynamic clamping force adjustment according to clamping deformation is rarely considered in clamping force control process, which easily causes large clamping deformation and low machining accuracy. To address these issues, this study proposes a digital twin-driven clamping force control approach to improve the machining accuracy of thin-walled parts. The total factor information model of clamping system is built to integrate the dynamic information of the clamping process. The virtual space model is constructed based on finite element simulation and deep neural network algorithm. To ensure bidirectional mapping of physical-virtual space, the workflow of clamping force control and interoperability method between digital twin models are elaborated. Finally, a case study is used to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

A Semantics-Based Approach for Simplifying IFC Building Models to Facilitate the Use of BIM Models in GIS

Using solid building models, instead of the surface models in City Geography Markup Language (CityGML), can facilitate data integration between Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS). The use of solid models, however, introduces a problem of model simplification on the GIS side. The aim of this study is to solve this problem by developing a framework for generating simplified solid building models from BIM. In this framework, a set of Level of Details (LoDs) were first defined to suit solid building models—referred to as s-LoD, ranging from s-LoD1 to s-LoD4—and three unique problems in implementing s-LoDs were identified and solved by using a semantics-based approach, including identifying external objects for s-LoD2 and s-LoD3, distinguishing various slabs, and generating valid external walls for s-LoD2 and s-LoD3. The feasibility of the framework was validated by using BIM models, and the result shows that using semantics from BIM can make it easier to convert and simplify building models, which in turn makes BIM information more practical in GIS.

Інформаційна модель системи управління якістю закладу вищої освіти у сфері охорони здоров’я

Актуальність. У європейському суспільстві вища освіта, дослідження та інновації стають істотною складовою соціально-економічного і культурного розвитку. Особливого значення вони набувають у сфері вищої медичної (до-та післядипломної) освіти, оскільки суттєво впливають на стан здоров’я суспільства шляхом підготовки кадрового складу галузі охорони здоров’я. Мета дослідження. Розробити інформаційну модель системи управління якістю закладу вищої медичної освіти на основі ISO 9001:2015 та його національного аналогу ДСТУ ISO 9001:2015. Результати. Результати системного аналізу структури і змісту ISO 9001:20015 та його національного аналогу ДСТУ ISO 9001:20015 дозволили встановити, що в основу побудови системи управління якістю, відповідної вимогам стандарту, покладений інформаційний обмін. Так, одним з базових принципів управління якістю, представлених у вступі до стандарту, визначено принцип прийняття управлінських рішень на підставі фактичних даних. Це означає, що для ефективного управління якістю керівникові закладу вищої медичної освіти необхідно володіти релевантною за обсягом і змістом інформацією про предмети, об’єкти та процеси, що формують і підтримують дієвість системи. Інший провідний принцип - процесного підходу - згідно зі стандартом, передбачає, зокрема, забезпечення постійного поліпшення якості усіх процесів (діяльності) в системі управління на основі оцінювання даних і інформації про їх перебіг, проміжні й кінцеві результати. Стандарт рекомендує підтримувати в актуальному стані задокументовану інформацію, необхідну для функціонування процесів. В статті детально проведено детальний аналіз структури і змісту міжнародного та національного стандартів ISO 9001:2015 та ДСТУ ISO 9001:2015 потребує розробки інформаційної моделі системи управління якістю для закладів вищої медичної освіти. Висновки. Таким чином, запропонована інформаційна модель системи управління якістю закладу вищої медичної освіти може слугувати орієнтиром для керівників цих закладів у процесі розробки, впровадження, підтримки функціонування і оцінки системи управління якістю з метою постійного поліпшення якості вищої медичної освіти на до-та післядипломному рівні.

Sustain GEOBIM—a New Method to Simulate Sustainable Development Scenarios for Urban Areas

In 2015, 193 member states of the United Nations (UN) signed the 2030 Agenda, entitled “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,”. The planned implementation by 2030, leaves only a decade to realize the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Municipalities and cities constitute important stakeholders, who are obliged under SDG 11, to find ways to develop realistic solutions. Implementation and strategic planning require, among other things, new instruments to digitally model various sustainable development scenarios. Currently, however, it is still unclear what has to be modelled and how. What is clear is that sustainability and digitalization have to come together to deliver results. Several key challenges need to be overcome. First, is the heterogeneity of existing data and documents used in the built environment. Future solutions will depend on a combination of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS). Second, is the merging of different existing data on an adequate level of abstraction which allows practical use of GIS and BIM data in a common model. Third, is the development of functioning, cost-effective workflows that will enable broad applications which adequately simulate specific sustainability aspects using spatial and temporal scenarios. This paper shows how these challenges can be systematically addressed in practice. It demonstrates which aspects of sustainability can be made visible and comprehensible for all stakeholders using only one single BIM- and GIS based data model. The proposed workflow could thus be considered as the basis for planning the next generation of smart and sustainable cities.

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ОБЪЕКТОВ КАПИТАЛЬНОГО СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА НА ЭТАПАХ ЖИЗНЕННОГО ЦИКЛА МЕТОДАМИ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ БЕСПИЛОТНЫХ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫХ АППАРАТОВ (ДРОНОВ) НА ОСНОВЕ ВЫСОКОТОЧНОЙ ЦИФРОВОЙ МОДЕЛИ ОБЪЕКТА

In modern construction at the stages of investment assessment, design, construction and operation of capital construction facilities with the implemented information modeling system, a serious problem is the harmonization of data collected from the construction site on the geometric parameters of the facility and territory being built. The article presents a comprehensive scientific and technical solution in the field of diagnostics of buildings and structures, monitoring the progress of construction, as well as automated determination of the volume of construction work performed using remote sensing technologies using unmanned aerial vehicles and information modeling (BIM technologies).

Towards an Integrated Approach to Infrastructure Damage Assessment in the Aftermath of Natural Hazards

The world has witnessed an alarmingly increasing number of serious natural hazards. In the aftermath of a hazard, relevant authorities/agencies face, among others, the challenging tasks of rapidly evaluating and assessing the damages to infrastructures and restoring their essential functionality and operation. The availability of reliable, high-quality structural and operational/maintenance data of a structure and its health, before and after a natural hazard, can be instrumental in the rapid assessment of a damaged structure. We collectively refer, in this paper, to the existing as-built and facility operational information about a structure or an infrastructure asset represented respectively in Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Infrastructure Asset Management (IAM) systems as Product Lifecycle Data (PLD). Arguably, PLD combined with other post-hazard condition assessment data can provide a more reliable and integrated solution for a rapid damage assessment of buildings and other critical infrastructures. Unfortunately, the application of PLD in this critical area has been unexplored in the literature, and the mapping between PLD and damage assessment methods is loosely investigated. In an effort to address this research gap, this paper provides a critical analysis of the most common structural damage assessment methods and explores the potential of combining them with PLD to provide more reliable, comprehensive, and integrated solution for damage assessment. Findings from this study could be useful for practitioners in selecting the most appropriate and effective methods to conduct damage and safety assessments of critical infrastructures. The study will also assist the further theoretical developments in the integration of PLD with different damage assessment methods.

Integrating road information modeling (RIM) and geographic information system (GIS) for effective utility relocations in infrastructure projects

PurposeTransportation infrastructure projects are inevitably delayed due to delays in the completion of underground utility relocation. Unfamiliar location, difficulty in utility identification and use of ineffective coordination practices hamper timely completion of utility relocation works. This paper aims to develop integrated road information modeling (RIM) and geographic information system (GIS) models to assist early identification of utilities and effective coordination during utility relocation in infrastructure projects.Design/methodology/approachAn ethnographic action-based case study research methodology was adopted in this paper. Two ongoing infrastructure projects with significant utility relocation delays are chosen as case studies and integrated RIM-GIS models are developed to assist utility relocation. To verify the applications of developed RIM-GIS models, a focus group discussion was conducted with 10 field experts from the considered case studies.FindingsThe application of the developed RIM-GIS models enabled 3D visualization of existing underground utilities and enabled identification of utility conflicts before the start of the construction. They also enabled facilitating coordination and reduce utility relocation delays. The evaluation of the developed models shows that the RIM-GIS model approach enabled early planning and coordination and facilitates effective management of utility relocations.Practical implicationsThe current practices of using CAD and GIS for utility relocations are inadequate due to the difficulties in characterizing utilities and ineffective coordination practices. The proposed RIM-GIS approach can be adopted as a suitable alternative for effective management of utility relocations.Originality/valueSeveral studies have contributed toward integrating BIM and GIS for the analysis of highway and utility infrastructure projects. Efforts on integrating RIM and GIS for the support and management of utility relocations in highway and utility infrastructure projects remain unexplored.

A cost evaluation model for IoT-enabled prefabricated construction supply chain management

PurposeThis paper proposes an evaluation model for prefabricated construction to guide a supply chain with controllable costs. Prefabricated construction is prevalent due to area limitations. Nevertheless, the development is limited by budget control and identifying the factors affecting cost. The degree of close collaboration in the supply chain is closely interconnected with cost performance that includes direct and indirect factors. This paper not only quantizes these factors but also distinguishes the degree of influence of various factors.Design/methodology/approachSystem dynamics is applied to simulate and analyze the construction cost factors through Vensim software. It can also clarify the relationship between cost and other influencing factors. The input data are collected from an Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled system under a Building Information Modeling (BIM) system and Hong Kong government reports.FindingsSimulation results indicate that prefabricated construction cost is mainly influenced by government promotion degree (GPD), working pressure from on-site construction (WPOSC), prefab quality (PQ), load-bearing capacity per vehicle (LBPV) and mold quality (MQ). However, it is more sensitive toward GPD, which indicates that the government should take measures to promote this construction technology. On-site worker management is also essential for the assembly process and indirectly influences the construction cost.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper quantifies indirect influential factors to clarify the specific features for prefabricated construction. The investigated factors are limited.Practical implicationsThe contractor can identify all factors and classify the levels of influence to make decisions under the supply chain system boundary.Social implicationsThe input data are collected from an IoT-enabled system under a BIM system and Hong Kong government reports. Thus, the relationship between construction cost influential factors can be investigated.Originality/valueThis paper quantifies indirect influencing factors and clarifies the specific features in prefabricated construction. The contractor could identify these factors to make decisions and classify the levels of influence under the supply chain system boundary.

GeoBIM for built environment condition assessment supporting asset management decision making

The digital transformation in management of the built environment is more and more evident. While the benefits of location data, from Building Information Modelling or Geographical Information Systems, have been explored separately, their combination - GeoBIM - in asset management has never been explored. Data collection for condition assessment is challenging due to quantity, types, frequency and quality of data. We first describe the opportunities and challenges of GeoBIM for condition assessment. The theoretical approach is then validated developing an integrated GeoBIM model of the digital built environment, for a neighbourhood in Milan, Italy. Data are collected, linked, processed and analysed, through multiple software platforms, providing relevant information for asset management decision making. Good results are achieved in rapid massive data collection, improved visualisation, and analysis. While further testing and development is required, the case study outcomes demonstrated the innovation and the mid-term service-oriented potential of the proposed approach.

Створення інформаційно-моделюючої системи аналізу процесів ціноутворення на ринку електричної енергії

The issues of creating an integrated information system for process analyzing the functioning of the competitive electricity market in the new conditions of complex relationships and potential risks after the introduction of a liberalized market model in Ukraine are considered. The peculiarities of its functioning are determined, which require new computer simulation tools that provide market participants with the opportunity to formulate and accept strategies for their own behavior in different segments of the competitive market. The existing solutions and researches in the field of creation of modern software tools for the modeling, forecasting and optimization of functioning of the energy markets in the world are analyzed. The direction of development of such means is determined and the structural-functional structure of the organizational management system is offered, which is presented by the functional components of preparation and decision-making process concerning the strategy of the market participant's own behavior in its segments. The interfaces of the main modules of the information modeling system for processes analysis of the competitive market, which becomes a component of the integrated system of organizational management of the electricity market, are given.

Construction of 3D Scene of Transmission Line Corridor Based on GIM and 3D GIS

Transmission lines have the characteristics of strip distribution, wide coverage, and close connection with the actual geographical environment. The traditional transmission line modeling method has the defects of insufficient spatial positioning ability and weak information expression ability. Therefore, in this paper, three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS) and grid information model (GIM) are coordinated to make the two complementary advantages and construct the three-dimensional scene of transmission line corridor. First, The visible light images and high-precision laser point cloud data of transmission line corridor are collected by helicopter, and extract power lines and towers from the laser point cloud data. Then, the oblique photogrammetric model of large-scale scene is made from visible light images and modified. Finally, according to the point cloud of power line and tower, the improved template matching method is used to realize the rapid modeling of transmission line GIM model, and the transmission line model is obtained. A complete 3D digital twin scene model of transmission line corridor is formed by fusing scene model and transmission line model. The research results show that the 3D scene construction method of transmission line corridor based on 3D GIS and GIM not only improves the efficiency of transmission line modeling, but also has a good visual effect. The abundant line information is helpful for the visual operation and maintenance management of existing transmission lines from macro to micro, which provides data support for the construction of digital power grid.

Ontology-based approach to data exchanges for robot navigation on construction sites

As the use of autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) for automated data collection from construction projects increases, construction stakeholders have become aware of a problem with inter-disciplinary semantic data sharing and exchanges between construction and robotic. Cross-domain data translation requires detailed specifications especially when it comes to semantic data translation. Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS) are the two digital building technologies used to capture and store semantic information for indoor structures and outdoor environments respectively. In the absence of a standard format for data exchanges between the construction and robotic domains, the tools of both industries have yet to be integrated into a coherent deployment infrastructure. In other words, the semantics of BIM-GIS cannot be automatically integrated by the robotic platforms currently being used. To enable semantic data transfer across domains, semantic web technology has been widely used in multi-disciplinary areas for interoperability. This paves the way to smarter, quicker and more precise robot navigation on construction sites. This paper develops a semantic web ontology integrating robot navigation and data collection to convey the meanings from BIM-GIS to the robot. The proposed Building Information Robotic System (BIRS) provides construction data that are semantically transferred to the robotic platform and can be used by the robot navigation software stack on construction sites. To meet this objective, first, knowledge representation between construction and robotic domains is bridged. Then, a semantic database integrated with the Robot Operating System (ROS) is developed, which can communicate with the robot and the navigation system to provide the robot with semantic building data at each step of data collection. Finally, the BIRS proposed system is validated through four case studies.

3D Tiles-Based High-Efficiency Visualization Method for Complex BIM Models on the Web

Geographic data visualization is an important research area of Web Geographic Information System (GIS). Owing to the detailed subassemblies and exhaustive knowledge database, building information modeling (BIM) plays an important role in geospatial research and industries. The integration of BIM and GIS contributes to the smooth visualization, quick construction, and efficient management of geographic data. However, there are very few methods that can yield high-efficiency data transmission and visualization for complex BIM models while maintaining the integrity of the internal subassembly structure and attributes. To overcome this issue, this paper proposes a 3D Tiles-based visualization method for complex BIM models on the Web-based 3D model viewer. This method is adopted to partition the BIM model according to its assembly without simplifying the BIM model, by using a tiling method for 3D models based on a degraded R-tree, which accounts for the size of tiles. Subsequently, we introduce the “Mask Filter,” a level of detail method that is used to layer the BIM model. Conducting a series of contrast experiments, the result indicates that this method is efficient and feasible, which significantly improves visualization performance of complex BIM with mass data in the geospatial scene and facilitates the integration of Building Information Modeling and Geographic Information System.

SEGMENTATION OF BUILDINGS BASED ON HIGH RESOLUTION PERSISTENT SCATTERER POINT CLOUDS

Abstract. Integrating differential synthetic aperture radar measurements into building information modeling systems requires a mapping of these measurement points onto structural parts of the building. We use a reverse geocoding approach to project building footprints into slant-range geometry, which helps to accurately assign PS points to single building identities. By treating the deformation time series as points in a high dimensional feature space, we can use dimensional reduction and clustering techniques to extract clusters of points that show a similar movement behavior. We visualize these clusters by mapping them onto ground truth, using laser scanning point clouds. Our approach segments buildings into plausible parts.

Parametric Architectural Elements from Point Clouds for HBIM Applications

To preserve tangible cultural assets for the future, it is crucial to make sure that the maintenance, repair, and restoration of these buildings are of high quality. To ensure proper cultural heritage preservation, highly accurate measurement and modelling methods are necessary. For this purpose, laser scanner systems are widely used; without any doubt, these systems provide many advantages over conventional measuring techniques. On the other hand, the scan angle, the distance to the object, the object’s material composition, the atmospheric conditions, as well as obstacles between the scanner and objects, can cause gaps or noise in the point clouds, making it challenging to manage and interpret the resulting datasets. Thus, extracting the geometries of architectural façade elements from these point clouds is often tedious and requires a high level of expertise. Projects utilizing Building Information Modelling (BIM) Systems have recently begun in Turkey. Although this technology is generally applied to address the whole life cycle of new buildings beginning with the design stage, it is necessary to define existing structures in this system. In this context, research-development and practices related to tangible cultural assets are carried out under the name of the Historic Building Information System (HBIM). In our study, we create parametric models that needed for transferring the cultural assets, which subject to deformation over years. A semi-automatic methodology based on the RANSAC algorithm was applied to extract geometry from point cloud data that contains noise. The obtained model was transferred to BIM following IFC standards. Şehzade Mosque, built by Mimar Sinan in the 16th century Ottoman Classical Period during the reign of Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent, was chosen as the application area of the study. The architectural elements obtained from the application of the current point clouds were compared with the existing architectural drawings, and the contributions of the study were evaluated.

Towards Effective BIM/GIS Data Integration for Smart City by Integrating Computer Graphics Technique

The development of a smart city and digital twin requires the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), where BIM models are to be integrated into GIS for visualization and/or analysis. However, the intrinsic differences between BIM and GIS have led to enormous problems in BIM-to-GIS data conversion, and the use of City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) has further escalated this issue. This study aims to facilitate the use of BIM models in GIS by proposing using the shapefile format, and a creative approach for converting Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) to shapefile was developed by integrating a computer graphics technique. Thirteen building models were used to validate the proposed method. The result shows that: (1) the IFC-to-shapefile conversion is easier and more flexible to realize than the IFC-to-CityGML conversion, and (2) the computer graphics technique can improve the efficiency and reliability of BIM-to-GIS data conversion. This study can facilitate the use of BIM information in GIS and benefit studies working on digital twins and smart cities where building models are to be processed and integrated in GIS, or any other studies that need to manipulate IFC geometry in depth.

Differentiating Digital Twin from Digital Shadow: Elucidating a Paradigm Shift to Expedite a Smart, Sustainable Built Environment

Construction projects and cities account for over 50% of carbon emissions and energy consumption. Industry 4.0 and digital transformation may increase productivity and reduce energy consumption. A digital twin (DT) is a key enabler in implementing Industry 4.0 in the areas of construction and smart cities. It is an emerging technology that connects different objects by utilising the advanced Internet of Things (IoT). As a technology, it is in high demand in various industries, and its literature is growing exponentially. Previous digital modeling practices, the use of data acquisition tools, human–computer–machine interfaces, programmable cities, and infrastructure, as well as Building Information Modeling (BIM), have provided digital data for construction, monitoring, or controlling physical objects. However, a DT is supposed to offer much more than digital representation. Characteristics such as bi-directional data exchange and real-time self-management (e.g., self-awareness or self-optimisation) distinguish a DT from other information modeling systems. The need to develop and implement DT is rising because it could be a core technology in many industrial sectors post-COVID-19. This paper aims to clarify the DT concept and differentiate it from other advanced 3D modeling technologies, digital shadows, and information systems. It also intends to review the state of play in DT development and offer research directions for future investigation. It recommends the development of DT applications that offer rapid and accurate data analysis platforms for real-time decisions, self-operation, and remote supervision requirements post-COVID-19. The discussion in this paper mainly focuses on the Smart City, Engineering and Construction (SCEC) sectors.