System Of Thermal Power Plant Research Articles

Real-World Data-Driven Machine-Learning-Based Optimal Sensor Selection Approach for Equipment Fault Detection in a Thermal Power Plant

Due to growing electricity demand, developing an efficient fault-detection system in thermal power plants (TPPs) has become a demanding issue. The most probable reason for failure in TPPs is equipment (boiler and turbine) fault. Advance detection of equipment fault can help secure maintenance shutdowns and enhance the capacity utilization rates of the equipment. Recently, an intelligent fault diagnosis based on multivariate algorithms has been introduced in TPPs. In TPPs, a huge number of sensors are used for process maintenance. However, not all of these sensors are sensitive to fault detection. The previous studies just relied on the experts’ provided data for equipment fault detection in TPPs. However, the performance of multivariate algorithms for fault detection is heavily dependent on the number of input sensors. The redundant and irrelevant sensors may reduce the performance of these algorithms, thus creating a need to determine the optimal sensor arrangement for efficient fault detection in TPPs. Therefore, this study proposes a novel machine-learning-based optimal sensor selection approach to analyze the boiler and turbine faults. Finally, real-world power plant equipment fault scenarios (boiler water wall tube leakage and turbine electric motor failure) are employed to verify the performance of the proposed model. The computational results indicate that the proposed approach enhanced the computational efficiency of machine-learning models by reducing the number of sensors up to 44% in the water wall tube leakage case scenario and 55% in the turbine motor fault case scenario. Further, the machine-learning performance is improved up to 97.6% and 92.6% in the water wall tube leakage and turbine motor fault case scenarios, respectively.

Optimization of cold-end system of thermal power plants based on entropy generation minimization

Optimization of cold-end system of thermal power plants based on entropy generation minimization

Experimental study on hydraulic performance Optimization of pump house with ultra-short forebay

The intake channel of circulating water pump house is an important part of water supply system in thermal power plant. The good hydraulic performance of intake channel is very important for operation efficiency of water pump and ensuring the safety of power plant. A hydraulic model of scale 1:12 is used to study the hydraulic characteristics of circulating pump house with an ultra-short forebay in this paper, the reasons for the formation of undesirable flow patterns, such as flow bias at the inlet, rotating filter outlet of the flow channel and backflow the circulation of the pipe at the bottom of the flapper, and the appearance of the suction vortex in the suction chamber, are analyzed, a rectifying facility consisting of "column + beam" is proposed to be installed in the forebay, a curved bias pier is added at the outlet of the traveling network, and a breast wall is suggested to be set in the suction chamber. With undesirable flow patterns in the original scheme are eliminated, the uniformity of the flow velocity distribution in the flow channel is improved, the flow pattern is relatively stable and smooth, and the ideal inflow condition of the suction mouth is guaranteed. The research results can provide a reference for the design and hydraulic performance optimization of the pump house of similar thermal power plant.

Development of a CCTV Based Smart Safety Management System in Thermal Power Plants

Development of a CCTV Based Smart Safety Management System in Thermal Power Plants

Numerical investigation on novel water distribution for natural draft wet cooling tower

Natural draft wet cooling tower is widely used in cold end system of thermal power plants, however, the water droplets in the central area cannot be sufficiently cooled due to small air flow rate. In this paper, a novel water distribution mode is proposed for the wet cooling tower, in which the water distribution area is divided into four subdomains equally in the radius direction, with the diameters of sprayed water droplets from the inside to the outside of 4 mm, 3 mm, 1 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. The three-dimensional numerical model of natural draft wet cooling tower is developed and validated by the published data, and the cooling performance with the novel water distribution mode is then obtained. The results show that the air velocity in the central area is significantly increased thus the velocity gets more uniformly distributed with the novel water distribution mode. Besides, the thermal performance in the external area is also improved thanks to the larger contact area between the cooling air and water droplets. By comparing the proposed water distribution with the conventional one, it can be found that the outlet water temperature decreases by up to 0.69 °C, and the tower with the proposed water distribution can achieve better heat and mass transfer performances with a lower air mass flow rate, which can be recommended in engineering applications for an ideal energy efficiency of cold end system.

Exploration on Problems and Measures of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection of Boiler and Steam Turbine System in Thermal Power Plant

Exploration on Problems and Measures of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection of Boiler and Steam Turbine System in Thermal Power Plant

Application of Thermoelectric Technology in Direct Air Cooling System of Thermal Power Plant

In recent years, with the improvement of the coefficient of merit of thermoelectric materials, the research of thermoelectric power generation has entered a new climax. The developed countries have listed the development of thermoelectric power generation technology into the medium and long-term energy development technology. The research on thermoelectric power generation in China started relatively late, mainly focusing on the theory and preparation of thermoelectric materials. At present, the field of semiconductor thermoelectric power generation is just introduced, and its practical application is still blank. Thermal power generation technology is used to recover waste heat from direct air cooling system of thermal power plant. Power supply of wireless temperature sensor can be realized through energy storage components or integrated power management system, which can reduce energy waste and environmental pollution. It is of great significance for industrial waste heat recovery and clean energy development.

Research Status of Dust Reduction Technology in Coal Handling System of Thermal Power Plant

Aiming at the dust control of coal handling system in thermal power plant, the research status of dust reduction related theory and technology was summarized. This paper introduced the research progress of dust and air separation mechanism and multiphase flow simulation technology in dust removal and suppression, as well as the features and application of dust removal technologies such as wet dust suppression, bag type dust removal, high voltage electrostatic dust removal, unpowered dust reduction and others. The technical route of dust reduction in coal handling system of thermal power plant was advised, which provides reference for dust control in coal handling system.

Energy Storage Technology and Converter Topology for Primary Frequency Control in Thermal Power Plant

Motivation and complex process of energy storage technology and converter topology design suitable for integration in thermal power plant systems to improve flexibility and primary frequency control is presented in the paper. The case study of typical thermal power plant is included and optimal power and capacity are determined. Next, there are discussed and compared perspective accumulation technologies. Most perspective state of the art battery-based technologies are further in detail evaluated including employed methodology. The next part is focused on suitable converter topology design. Employed converter control algorithms including simulation results are presented.

Design of a Real-Time Monitoring System for Smoke and Dust in Thermal Power Plants Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm.

The major health hazards from smoke and dust are due to microscopic fine particles present in smoke as well as in dust. These fine particles, which are microscopic in nature, can penetrate into human lungs and give rise to a range of health problems such as irritation in eyes, a runny nose, throat infection, and chronic cardiac and lung diseases. There is a need to device such mechanisms that can monitor smoke in thermal power plants for timely control of smoke that can pollute air and affects adversely the people living nearby the plants. In order to solve the problems of low accuracy of monitoring results and long monitoring time in conventional methods, a real-time smoke and dust monitoring system in thermal power plants is proposed, which makes use of modified genetic algorithm (GA). The collection and calibration of various monitoring parameters are accomplished through sampling control. The smoke and dust emission real-time monitoring subsystems are employed for the monitoring in an accurate manner. A dual-channel TCP/IP protocol is used between remote and local controlling modules for secure and speedy communication of the system. The generic GA is improved on the basis of the problem statement, and the linear programming model is used to avoid the defect of code duplication with genetic operations. The experimental results show that the proposed smoke and dust monitoring system can effectively improve the accuracy of the monitoring results and also reduce the time complexity by providing solutions in a faster manner. The significance of the proposed technique is to provide a reliable basis for the smoke and dust emission control of thermal power plants for safeguarding the human health.

화력발전소 석탄취급설비 작업자의 위험도 평가를 위한 AHP 기법 모델 개발 및 적용방안 연구

Coal handling system in thermal power plants has a high accident rate, so workers are likely to be easily exposed to hazard factors. Therefore, it is necessary to identify risk factors by observing workers

Optimal generation for wind-thermal power plant systems with multiple fuel sources

In this paper, the combined wind and thermal power plant systems are operated optimally to reduce the total fossil fuel cost (TFFC) of all thermal power plants and supply enough power energy to loads. The objective of reducing TFFC is implemented by using antlion algorithm (ALA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA). The best method is then determined based on the obtained TFFC from the three methods as dealing with two study cases. Two systems with eleven units including one wind power plant (WPP) and ten thermal power plants are optimally operated. The two systems have the same characteristic of MFSs but the valve loading effects (VLEs) on thermal power plants are only considered in the second system. The comparisons of TFFC from the two systems indicate that CSA is more powerful than ALA and PSO. Furthermore, CSA is also superior to the two methods in terms of faster search process. Consequently, CSA is a powerful method for the problem of optimal generation for wind-thermal power plant systems with consideration of MFSs from thermal power plants.

Improved Coal Feeding Control System of Thermal Power Plant Based on PLC

Based on PLC, the improved coal feeding system of thermal power plant is developed, which solves the problems of poor timeliness and inaccurate quantity of coal feeder. In the process of belt transportation, a dynamic coal feeding rate is established. By controlling the coal feeding rate and then controlling the running speed of the belt, a certain amount of coal is supplied to the thermal power plant, so as to provide more accurate coal, improve the corresponding timeliness, and have better economic benefits.

Application of the basic principles of "Industry 4.0" in the intellectualization of automated control systems of modern thermal power plants

Abstract The description of the basic principles embodied in the concept of Industry 4.0 and the possibility of their use in the development of measures aimed at increasing intelligence of modern control system of thermal power plants (TPP) the results of the analysis of the level of intelligence and efficiency of modern control system on the basis of program-technical complexes (PTС). It is shown that, despite the widespread introduction of modern PTС in the construction of new and modernization of existing ACSTPs of TPP, the improvement of the quality of technological processes, optimization of their modes and parameters, occurs mainly at the level of equipment and power unit and to a much lesser extent - at the level of power plants and as a result-an insufficient level of automation and low technical and economic efficiency. Another conclusion from the analysis - when implementing control algorithms in automated process control systems based on modern PTC, their wide information and software capabilities are not fully used. The main ways of further improvement of ACSTPs in order to increase their efficiency and the level of intelligence of ACSTPs of power plants based on PTC are given The assessment of the level of increase in intelligence and economic effect from the implementation of the proposed solutions is given.

Performance Analysis of Multi-Energy Hybrid System Based on Molten Salt Energy Storage

This paper briefly summarizes the current status of typical solar thermal power plant system, including system composition, thermal energy storage medium and performance. The thermo-physical properties of the storage medium are some of the most important factors that affect overall efficiency of the system, because some renewable energy sources such as solar and wind are unpredictable. A thermal storage system is therefore necessary to store energy for continuous usage. Based on the form of storage or the mode of system connection, heat exchangers of a thermal storage system can produce different temperature ranges of heat transfer fluid to realize energy cascade utilization. Founded upon the review, a small hybrid energy system with a molten-salt energy storage system is proposed to solve the problems of heating, cooling, and electricity consumption of a 1000 m² training hall at school. The system uses molten-salt storage tank, water tank and steam generator to change the temperature of heat transfer fluid, in order to realize thermal energy cascade utilization. Compared to the existing heating and cooling system, the proposed system needs more renewable energy and less municipal energy to achieve the same results according to simulation analysis. Furthermore, by improving the original heating and cooling system, PMV has been improved. The comprehensive efficiency of solar energy utilization has been increased to 83%.

Multi-objective dynamic economic dispatch using Fruit Fly Optimization method

An essential task of the interconnected power system is about how to optimize power plants during operation time which is known as economic dispatch. In this study, the Fruit Fly Optimization method is proposed to solve problems of dynamic economic dispatch in an electrical power system. To measure the performance of the method, a simulation was conducted for two different electric systems of the existing Sulselbar 150 kV thermal power plant system in Indonesia with two objective functions, namely fuel costs and active power transmission losses, as well as the 30-bus IEEE standard system with five objective functions namely fuel costs, transmission losses (active and reactive power), a reactive power reserve margin, and an emission index by considering a power generation limit and ramp rates as the constraints. Under tested cases, the simulation results have shown that the Fruit Fly Optimization method can solve the problems of dynamic economic dispatch better than other existing optimization methods. It is indicated by all values of the objective functions that are lowest for the Fruit Fly Optimization method. Moreover, the obtained computational time is sufficiently fast to get the best solution

Removal of Iron Oxide Scale From Feed-Water in Thermal Power Plant by High-Gradient Magnetic Separation: Scale-Up Effect

In the boiler feed-water system of thermal power plants, iron oxide scale is generated due to the corrosion of piping, which decreases the effectiveness of the heat exchanger in the boiler and contributes to reduced power generation efficiency. Scale removal can prevent this phenomenon, which consequently results in decreased carbon dioxide emission. In a previous study, an iron scale removal system was developed using superconducting magnets, and high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) experiments were conducted using the height difference between the inflow and outflow tanks. As a result, particles were intensively captured by the filters at the inflow side. We succeeded in eliminating this capture by properly controlling the applied magnetic field. However, because the suspension also flowed due to the height difference in this experiment, the problems of partial blockage of the filter and the resulting decrease in the flow rate were not resolved even under the controlled magnetic field. In this study, HGMS experiments were conducted under a constant flow rate with a large pump in a large-scale system having a filter diameter of 300 mm to simulate a boiler feed-water system or chemical cleaning line. Furthermore, we investigated the feasibility of the large-scale HGMS system and elucidated the scale-up effect on the amount captured and the spatial distribution of the captured particles on the filters. Based on these results, a plant-scale HGMS system (800 mm filter diameter) was designed.

Efficiency assessment and improvement measures for thermal power plant in India

Usage of conventional energy resources has high limitations and constrains now a days. The thermal efficiency of the equipments in the modern thermal based power plant is mandatory for effective power generation with low production cost and pollution. The systems and equipments in the thermal power plant should be operated with optimum efficiency. An assessment of these system performance and comparing it with the design value is necessary for its improvement. This paper presents the findings of the observations and trials carried out on thermal power plant energy equipments. The main objective of this work is to assess the performance of various thermal power plant systems in respect of efficiency and determining the main factors which contribute to the efficacy of the power plant by indirect method. Further, suitable measures are recommended to enhance the energy performance with cost benefits. While making the measurements, care is taken to maintain the accuracy and wherever any discrepancy is found, the readings were again taken to ensure the best possible results.

The Necessity of Testing the Optical Fiber Link in the Distributed Control System

With the rise of industry 4.0 and the Internet, a large number of network optical fiber links are applied in the control system of thermal power plants. However, there are no test methods and requirements for optical fiber links in the acceptance test procedures for decentralized control system of thermal power plants. In this paper, the optical fiber medium, field bus type and so on are introduced, and the necessity and method of optical fiber link testing are discussed.

Modeling of thermophysical processes with moderate cryogenic effect on the periodontal zone using a thermoelectric cooling system

The aim of the article is to develop a mathematical model and conduct a numerical experiment of a thermoelectric system (TPP) for the treatment of in^ammatory periodontal diseases by moderate cryotherapy. Materials and methods . A design, a physical and mathematical model of TES for the treatment of in^ammatory periodontal diseases by moderate cryotherapy, developed on the basis of solving the unsteady heatconduction problem fora multilayer system, has been developed. Results . /4s a result of a numerical experiment, data were obtained that describe the temperature distribution over the thickness of each of the layers in the system, taking into accountthe heatfluxes on the junctions of the thermoelectric battery (ТЕБ), the parameters of the periodontal region, the temperature change atvarious points of the thermal power plant system - the periodontal region in time. It has been established that the necessary level of procedures associated with lowering the surface temperature of the periodontal zone to -40°C can be realized with a cooling capacity of ТЕБ of 6000 W/m2, which corresponds to the power of modern standard produced thermoelectric modules. Conclusions. It was estabished that the selection of the geometrical parameters TEB and power supply should be guided by the restrictions on the operation of the device, as well as medical norms and standards in order to avoid frostbite of adjacent tissues. A method for increasing the efficiency of the system is proposed, according to which the preliminary cooling of thermal power plants by an external source of cold is used, as well as by the use of forced operating modes of thermal fuel cells TEB.