Data Exchange System Research Articles

Real-World Diagnostic Accuracy of the On-Site Cytopathology Advance Report (OSCAR) Procedure Performed in a Multidisciplinary One-Stop Breast Clinic.

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology has been widely used for the diagnosis of breast cancer lesions with the objective of differentiating benign from malignant masses. However, the occurrence of unsatisfactory samples and false-negative rates remains a matter of concern. Major improvements have been made thanks to the implementation of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) in multidisciplinary and integrated medical settings such as one-stop clinics (OSCs). In these settings, clinical and radiological examinations are combined with a morphological study performed by interventional pathologists. The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the on-site cytopathology advance report (OSCAR) procedure on breast FNA cytologic samples in our breast OSC during the first three years (April 2004 till March 2007) of its implementation. To this goal, we retrospectively analyzed a series of 1820 breast masses (1740 patients) radiologically classified according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) BI-RADS lexicon (67.6% being either BI-RADS 4 or 5), sampled by FNA and immediately diagnosed by cytomorphology. The clinicoradiological, cytomorphological, and histological characteristics of all consecutive patients were retrieved from the hospital computerized medical records prospectively registered in the central information system. Histopathological analysis and ultrasound (US) follow-up (FU) were the reference diagnostic tests of the study design. In brief, we carried out either a histopathological verification or an 18-month US evaluation when a benign cytology was concordant with the components of the triple test. Overall, histology was available for 1138 masses, whereas 491 masses were analyzed at the 18-month US-FU. FNA specimens were morphologically nondiagnostic in 3.1%, false negatives were observed in 1.5%, and there was only one false positive (0.06%). The breast cancer prevalence was 62%. Diagnostic accuracy measures of the OSCAR procedure with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were the following: sensitivity (Se) = 97.4% (96.19-98.31); specificity (Sp) = 94.98% (92.94-96.56); positive predictive value (PPV) = 96.80% (95.48-97.81); negative predictive value (NPV) = 95.91% (94.02-97.33); positive likelihood ratio (LR+) = 19.39 (13.75-27.32); negative predictive ratio (LR-) = 0.03 (0.02-0.04), and; accuracy = 96.45% (95.42-97.31). The respective positive likelihood ratio (LR+) for each of the four categories of cytopathological diagnoses (with their 95% CI) which are malignant, suspicious, benign, and nondiagnostic were 540 (76-3827); 2.69 (1.8-3.96); 0.03 (0.02-0.04); and 0.37 (0.2-0.66), respectively. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the OSCAR procedure is a highly reliable diagnostic approach and a perfect test to select patients requiring core-needle biopsy (CNB) when performed by interventional cytopathologists in a multidisciplinary and integrated OSC setting. Besides drastically limiting the rate of nondiagnostic specimens and diagnostic turn-around time, OSCAR is an efficient and powerful first-line diagnostic approach for patient-centered care.

자료교환체계 개선 및 OTP 다중인증을 통한 보안강화 메일시스템 구현

자료교환체계 개선 및 OTP 다중인증을 통한 보안강화 메일시스템 구현

Применение нанороботов в нефтегазовой отрасли

In order to increase oil recovery in oil fields the possibilities of using reservoir nanorobots in the oil and gas industry have been investigated. Nanorobots are micro- and nanomechanical systems capable of being injected into an oil reservoir to study and modify its properties. The main attention is paid to solving the problem of oil availability in the reservoir which is achieved by creating mechanical channels and changing the physico-chemical characteristics 
 of oil words, taking into account key factors - the reliability and durability of nanorobots, their ability to work in extreme field conditions. The importance of developing a specialized infrastructure for effective management and control of nanorobots, including software, as well as a communication system for data exchange between nanorobots, is emphasized. The ability of nanorobots to interact with each other and solve problems related to the optimization of oil production processes is considered. It is noted that nano-robots can be used to study and monitor the condition of wells, enhance production processes, improve the properties of materials, as well as in repair work. Before using this technology widely in the oil and gas industry, it is necessary to carry out a detailed study in order to determine the optimal methods of implementation and to solve issues of safety and reliability of such a system.

Organizational Relations and Human Resources with Information Quality in Health Center Information System Operators

Backgrounds: Preliminary studies found that the low quality of information in the implementation of the Health Center Information System was caused by the absence of a Health Center Management Information System management team, lack of knowledge and human resource capabilities, lack of funding and specific guidance on Health Center Information System Software operations and lack of use of technology such as computers in processing input, data processing and information output. So that it attracts researchers to conduct research on the Quality of Information on Health Center Information System Operators.
 Methods: This research is a quantitative research, with a Cross Sectional Study design. The population in this study were 36 people with a total sample of the Health Center Management Information System management team in East Kolaka, namely 36 people with a proportion of 3 people. Each Community Health Center used a non-probability sampling technique in determining the sample.
 Results: The results of the chi square statistical test at the level of confidence show that the value of p = 0.002 and the calculated X2 value = 9.257 > the X2 table value = 3.841, which means there is a relationship between Organization and Information Quality. And the results of the chi square statistical test show that the value of p = 0.04 and the calculated X2 value = 4.050 > the X2 table value = 3.841, which means that there is a relationship between Human Resources and Information Quality.
 Conclusion: There is a moderate relationship between Organization and Information Quality and there is a weak relationship between Human Resources and a moderate relationship between Information Quality in the Implementation of Health Center Information Systems in East Kolaka Regency.

Decentralized Inverse Transparency with Blockchain

Employee data can be used to facilitate work, but their misusage may pose risks for individuals. Inverse transparency therefore aims to track all usages of personal data, allowing individuals to monitor them to ensure accountability for potential misusage. This necessitates a trusted log to establish an agreed-upon and non-repudiable timeline of events. The unique properties of blockchain facilitate this by providing immutability and availability. For power asymmetric environments such as the workplace, permissionless blockchain is especially beneficial as no trusted third party is required. Yet, two issues remain: (1) In a decentralized environment, no arbiter can facilitate and attest to data exchanges. Simple peer-to-peer sharing of data, conversely, lacks the required non-repudiation. (2) With data governed by privacy legislation such as the GDPR, the core advantage of immutability becomes a liability. After a rightful request, an individual’s personal data need to be rectified or deleted, which is impossible in an immutable blockchain. To solve these issues, we present Kovacs , a decentralized data exchange and usage logging system for inverse transparency built on blockchain. Its new-usage protocol ensures non-repudiation, and therefore accountability, for inverse transparency. Its one-time pseudonym generation algorithm guarantees unlinkability and enables proof of ownership, which allows data subjects to exercise their legal rights regarding their personal data. With our implementation, we show the viability of our solution. The decentralized communication impacts performance and scalability, but exchange duration and storage size are still reasonable. More importantly, the provided information security meets high requirements. We conclude that Kovacs realizes decentralized inverse transparency through secure and GDPR-compliant use of permissionless blockchain.

Comparative analysis of optical data center switches

Abstract In the recent past, there has been an explosive growth in data traffic within data center systems. This rapid increase in data volume has put significant constraints on the speed of current data communication networks, which are predominantly based on electronic controllers and memory. The speed limitations of electronic devices hinder their ability to process data at higher rates efficiently. To address this issue and enable faster data processing, the use of optical communication emerges as the most promising solution. Optical communication leverages the capabilities of light signals and optical components, which can handle data at much higher rates compared to their electronic counterparts. One key element in optical communication systems is the utilization of fiber delay lines (FDLs) as optical storage for packets. FDLs offer the ability to temporarily store and delay optical signals, providing buffering capabilities within optical networks. These FDLs can be configured in various setups, including feed forward, feed backward, and recirculating configurations, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. In this context, this article explores several state-of-the-art arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)-based optical packet switch (OPSW) architectures. These switches are designed to efficiently route and manage optical packets within data center networks. Each architecture is summarized, highlighting its unique features and capabilities. To compare the different AWG-based OPSW architectures, various key parameters are considered, such as the cost, physical losses, bit error rate (BER), and the number of tunable components required. These parameters are critical in determining the performance, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of the switches.

Revolutionizing the road: How sustainable, autonomous, and connected vehicles are changing digital mobility business models

Major trends in the automotive industry are reconfiguring digital mobility business models. From a comprehensive, combined Dynamic Capabilities and Ecosystems approach, this study characterizes the digital mobility business models linked to sustainability, connectivity, and Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) adopted by four carmakers (Volkswagen, Stellantis, Toyota, and Honda). Results show that carmakers differ in their focal digital mobility value propositions, based mainly on the carmakers’ own mobility strategies. Volkswagen exhibits an integral proposition with personalized services, while Stellantis is focusing on electric mobility and its solutions, Toyota on autonomous and connectivity services, and Honda on a user-centric perspective via connected and shared mobility. The main sources of income are multiple personalized services linked to connectivity that specifically provide driver assistance, along with remote and digital platform services. Those carmakers pursuing sustainable, autonomous, or shared mobility strategies find their primary income sources in services like remote electric driving, autonomous door-to-door deliveries, and car-sharing. Such services are deployed not only due to technical resources, such as digital skills and data exchange systems, but primarily through organizational capabilities like a “team-player mentality” and a customer-focused vision. Finally, differences in sustainability have been highlighted, but in general terms, all manufacturers are striving to address the battery and charging-point issue through various business models to promote electric mobility. Carmakers are governing a digital mobility ecosystem configured by multiple service and technology providers that are developing transportation solutions.

The Use of SNN for Ultralow-Power RF Fingerprinting Identification With Attention Mechanisms in VDES-SAT

VHF Data Exchange System (VDES) is explored as a navigational safety guarantor for ships worldwide. As the number of jammers and spoofers targeting VDES is on the rise, its security authentication emerges as an urgent issue. Radio frequency fingerprinting identification (RFFI) as a noncryptographic physical layer security solution can effectively defend against increasingly sophisticated attacks. Nevertheless, the power consumption of frequent RFFI is not negligible for VDES satellite components with energy constraints. To this end, spiking neural networks (SNNs) are first employed to build an ultra-low power RF fingerprinting identification (RFFI) system for VDES, where the optimized spiking neurons can yield high accuracy with very few spikes. Moreover, multiple RF fingerprinting features are fused to highly integrate the information of the VDES signal in different dimensions, and the attention mechanism is utilized to further improve RFFI performance. Numerical results show that our SNN-based RFFI system can yield identification accuracy up to 92:59% at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 25 dB on VDES datasets, and reduces power consumption by 64% compared to artificial neural networks (ANNs) of comparable accuracy on 45 nm CMOS process.

ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ЗАСОБІВ ДЛЯ ПОЗИЦІЙНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ТЕПЛОСПОЖИВАННЯ

The article examines the scientific results of experimental studies of low energy efficiency of urban residential and communal energy supply. The purpose of the study is to reduce the costs of energy carriers in the field of housing and communal services using the example of residential, educational and industrial buildings of universities. Based on the analysis of the state of energy saving in the field of housing and communal services, a number of main factors influencing the reduction of its energy efficiency have been determined. Among the most important factors that require research is insufficient attention to the technical support of the energy consumption system, namely: outdated electrical equipment, low qualification of service personnel and an ineffective system of promotion of energy saving. According to the results of the conducted research, it was established that the degree of reduction of heat consumption in heating systems depends on heat losses due to the imperfection of factors that affect the reduction of energy efficiency, namely, the enclosing structures, which are determined by the thermophysical properties of the type and characteristics of heat energy meters, as well as through the control system, using which maintains optimal temperature values in building premises during the working day and their minimum permissible values in the evening hours, at night and on weekends. The results of the obtained research made it possible to state that in order to increase the energy efficiency of the heating system of buildings, it is necessary to provide a system of accounting and regulation of the consumption of the building coolant and to ensure the regulation of the coolant depending on the ambient temperature, as well as to limit heat consumption at night and on weekends (holidays). The installation of means of accounting and regulation of heat energy consumption, as well as the creation of a central information and measurement system with subsequent placement, make it possible to conduct operational monitoring of heat flows, which will contribute to reducing the amount of heat energy consumption by an average of up to 35%. Keywords: energy consumption, energy saving, energy efficiency, building, system, accounting, coolant, losses.

On the L1-acquisition of the pragmatics of discourse like

Abstract This study analyzes the L1-acquisition of discourse like and its pragmatic functions in American English based on the Home-School Study of Language and Literacy Development component of the Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES). The data show that discourse like is already present in the speech of 3- and 4-year-old children and that even very young children employ like to perform distinct pragmatic functions with specifying uses being dominant until age 8;5. The analysis also shows a notable increase in discourse like as children mature, mainly driven by an increase in attention-directing like, the dominant function of discourse like among children older than 8;5. Conditional inference trees show that the use of discourse like by children is affected by a child’s age, the situation type and the frequency of discourse like in caregivers’ input. Children younger than 7;10 use discourse like only rarely in formal contexts as well as in informal contexts if their caregivers do not use discourse like frequently. However, children use discourse like substantially more if they are older than 7;10 or, in informal contexts, when their caregivers use discourse like frequently. The changes in frequency and the functional shifts in the use of like around the ages of 7 to 9 is interpreted to show that peers become more important as linguistic role models when children enter school. The results thus substantiate research which suggests that the pragmatic and social meanings of discourse markers are learned alongside linguistic constraints rather than after the form has been acquired.

Study of the operating characteristics of a pump-driven thermosyphon loop with gas–liquid separation

Pump-driven thermosyphon loop (PDTL) is a highly efficient cooling method for air-conditioning systems in data centers. Typically, the refrigerant in gas–liquid two-phase state leads to significant pressure drop in pipes following evaporator, which results in more energy consumption for data centers cooling. This study proposes a novel PDTL with gas–liquid separation (PDTLGLS), aiming to separate the gas–liquid phase refrigerant into liquid phase and gas phase, to reduce pressure drop following evaporator and improve the PDTL performance using a gas–liquid separator. Driven by the pressure difference between the gas–liquid separator and the reservoir, the gas-phase refrigerant is condensed into liquid-phase refrigerant back to the reservoir and the liquid-phase refrigerant returns to a reservoir directly without heat exchanging. This paper firstly conducted a theoretical analysis of PDTLGLS. Then the experiments were conducted using R134a to investigate the influence of refrigerant flow rate and heating power on the performance of PDTLGLS. Furthermore, transient characteristics of the PDTLGLS were experimentally analyzed by varying the heating power. The experimental results show that the PDTLGLS achieves 36.8%-53.3% less heat dissipation temperature difference (from evaporator to condenser) and 28.3%–33.3% higher EER than traditional PDTL, and lower dryness could enlarge the PDTLGLS advantages. Furthermore, both analysis results and experimental results show that the PDTLGLS can adjust to diverse refrigerant mass flow and heating power via the self-regulation of the liquid height in the gas–liquid separator, which implies that the PDTLGLS is an effective way to enhance the traditional PDTL performance and could sustain stable operation across a broad spectrum of operating conditions.

Design pattern recommendations for building decentralized healthcare applications

Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLT) are emerging decentralized infrastructures touted by researchers to improve existing systems that have been limited by centralized governance and proprietary control. These technologies have shown continued success in sustaining the operational models of modern cryptocurrencies and decentralized finance applications (DeFi). These applications has incentivized growing discussions in their potential applications and adoption in other sectors such as healthcare, which has a high demand for data liquidity and interoperability. Despite the increasing research efforts in adopting blockchain and DLT in healthcare with conceptual designs and prototypes, a major research gap exists in literature: there is a lack of design recommendations that discuss concrete architectural styles and domain-specific considerations that are necessary for implementing health data exchange systems based on these technologies. This paper aims to address this gap in research by introducing a collection of design patterns for constructing blockchain and DLT-based healthcare systems that support secure and scalable data sharing. Our approach adapts traditional software patterns and proposes novel patterns that take into account both the technical requirements specific to healthcare systems and the implications of these requirements on naive blockchain-based solutions.

Analysis of the Six Sigma Principle in Pre-analytical Quality for Hematological Specimens.

Introduction Blood tests are essential for detecting and treating hospitalized individuals with diseases. Laboratory blood tests provide doctors with critical information required to treat their patient's illnesses. The most common sources of error in clinical laboratories are pre-analytical errors. Although quality control measures can remediate analytical errors, there is a requirement for stringentquality checks in the pre-analytical sector as these activities are performed outside of the laboratory. Pre-analytical errors when combined with the sigma value can reflect a better pictureas the sigma value represents the laboratory's performance. Aim In this study, six sigma and the Pareto principle were utilizedto assess pre-analytical quality indicators for evaluating the performance of a clinical hematologylaboratory. Methodology This is a retrospective observational study conducted from 2015 to 2023 (for a period of eight years). Information about the frequency of pre-analyticalerrorswas retrieved from the hematology section of the central diagnostic researchlaboratory information system and the data was entered into an MS Excel sheet and datawas evaluated utilizingSPSS version 23(IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results In the current research, total of 15 pre-analytical errors were noted. Out of the total 15 pre-analytical errors studied, 55.4% of pre-analytical errors were notedamong which80% errors were due to lack of mention of sample type or received timeand20% of errorswere attributedto no mention of diagnosis in requisition forms. The next most common errors noted were insufficient samples (8.26%) followed by absence of physician's signature (7%), incomplete request form (5.4%), age (4.2%), unique hospital identification (UHID) number (3.7%), clotted samples and transportation of the samples (3.6%), date and incorrect vials (2.6%). Gender (0.95%), hemolysed(0.85%), and lipemic samples (0.45%).Hemolysed andlipemic samples hada sigma value of 4.4 and 4.6, respectively, whereas gender and age had a sigma value of 4.3 and 3.8, inadequate sample for testing and an incorrect anticoagulant to blood ratio had a sigma value of 3.6, indicating that sample collection has to beimproved as the inverse relationship is noted between sigma value and laboratory performance. Conclusion Pareto chart and sigma value can help recognize most common pre-analytical errors, which consequently will help to prevent further recurrence of pre-analytical errors. Adequate training with regard to best practices in phlebotomy for interns, clinicians and technicians must be provided to decrease quantitative errors, which will further enhancetotal quality management in the laboratory.

Multi-Layer Hybrid Encryption: A Novel Approach for Enhanced V2X Security

In recent years, the pervasive integration of technology in various domains has opened up new avenues for cybersecurity threats and data breaches. The automotive industry, in particular, has experienced significant impacts from technological advancements, most notably with the advent ofvehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. Ensuring a secure framework for data exchange among vehicles has emerged as a crucial concern in the realm of automotive cybersecurity.This manuscript presents a comprehensive examination of a novel hybrid-encryption-based secure data exchange system, accompanied by a proposed implementation for an automated emergency reporting system in the event of a car accident.

SYNTHESIS OF A DEVICE FOR REMOTE CONTROL OF A VIDEO CAMERA USING THE LANC PROTOCOL

The expediency of using video camera remote control devices when using auxiliary video equipment is proven by the ever-increasing level of complexity and improvement of modern video shooting technologies. Companies producing systems for remote control of video equipment offer control systems with wireless radio interfaces for high-budget projects. But the price of such an interface can exceed the cost of a high-budget professional video camera. In most cases, management interfaces differ from manufacturer to manufacturer and are implemented based on leading wired management protocols. The use of these protocols is largely due to the need to implement very high-speed information transmission and its strict synchronization with the frame pulse generator of the video camera, which in turn provides control of entire groups of objects with high speed and fairly accurate synchronization in time, as well as wired information transmission lines are more secure and reliable. The object of research in the work is the widespread LANC protocol (CONTROL-L), which is used by two-way data exchange systems and is necessary for the remote control of video cameras. The paper proposes a device based on this protocol that allows remote control of the camera (data exchange takes place via cable). For this, an overview of existing video camera control devices was conducted. The analysis of the LANC protocol was carried out, and its working principle was considered. The protocol allows you to use 14 steps of changing the zoom speed (7 speeds in the direction of increasing the image and 7 speeds in the direction of reducing the image), so for an almost smooth gradual increase or decrease in the speed of the zoom; it is advisable to use not discrete buttons, but an analog variable resistor-joystick. The proposed electric circuit of the video camera remote control device is based on the Microchip microcontroller – PIC16F84. Modern microcontrollers have low consumption currents, so it becomes possible to use the power supply line of external devices built into the LANC connector to power the remote control controller, which allows you to connect a load with a current of up to 100 mA. The operation of the device was checked during the simulation. The correct operation of the algorithm for converting the resistance of the “joystick” resistor of the zoom into the command code has been confirmed. The given oscillograms are obtained from the device layout. The obtained results confirm the protocol’s theory and the device’s correct functioning.

Design and analyses of shipborne multifunctional Automatic Identification System (AIS) antenna

ABSTRACT This paper is introducing analyses of new design of the automatic identification system (AIS) ships antenna that will serve for both VHF-band radio and satellite tracking and identification system for maritime applications. The current AIS network is an automatic tracking system used by ships of vessel traffic service for identification and location of vessels by electronically exchanging data between nearby ships and on-shore base station. In the AIS system for the electronic data exchange, the very high frequency (VHF) range is used. Utilizing of the VHF range makes the AIS as short-range communication, identification and collision avoidance system between AIS equipped ships and base station is possible in the antennas line-of-sight . In order to widen the range of the AIS from short range up to long or global range, AIS communication should be used via a satellite. In order to provide communication via satellite as well should be designed multifunctional antenna for both radio AIS (R-AIS) and satellite AIS (S-AIS) communication antenna. The analyses and design of a new multifunctional antenna, calculation and development, including implementation and testing of helical VHF antenna for R-AIS and S-AIS equipment are discussed.

Parameter prediction optimization of data center’s heat dissipation system using machine learning algorithms

In this study, an optimization control method based on knowledge and operational data was investigated for a centralized water-cooling heat dissipation system in a data center. First, a numerical model describing the heat transfer and thermodynamic processes of the heat dissipation system was established, and five thermal characteristic parameters were extracted to identify the system. The thermal characteristic parameters, used as inputs to the model, were identified in real time using the mechanism formula from the operational data. Subsequently, the operational data of the heat dissipation system in a real data center were used to validate the numerical model. The model accuracy was within 15 %. The water flow rate of the actual system was optimized, showing that the average PUE of four typical cases under the optimized conditions were 1.12, 1.25, 1.13 and 1.3, respectively, with an improving rate between 4.3 % and 12.4 %. Next, considering the reasonable value ranges of the five thermal characteristic parameters and four direct input parameters, 62,208 groups of working conditions were designed, and the optimized water flow rate and the corresponding COP and PUE for each working condition were obtained using the numerical model. Finally, a prediction model that combined the heat transfer mechanisms was established based on an optimized dataset. Machine learning algorithms were applied to establish neural networks between the nine inputs and three optimized operating parameters. Based on the prediction model and thermal characteristic parameter identification module, software was developed to suggest optimized water flow rates and predict the PUE and COP in real time from the operational data.

Implementing data warehouse infrastructure for an e-learning system

The use of a data warehouse (DW) in e-learning applications helps us evaluate students from different perspectives. Depending on user behavior, we may change the content or appearance of the e-learning platform to achieve the best results. The aim of this study is to build a data warehouse infrastructure, which is a central information system for Anadolu University's distance education system. Thanks to the data warehouse project, all learners’ activities in the Learning Management System (ÖYS: Anadolum e-Kampüs) will be recorded regularly. Various analytical reports were obtained about students' study styles, preferred e-learning resources, and the time spent in the system. Additionally, the data warehouse system regularly pulls information from other information systems, such as the student information system related to the open education system. Data warehousing is designed to combine data from multiple sources into a single unified view, rather than performing operational operations like a database. Generally, data warehouses are used for analytical processing as opposed to transaction processing. They are used to analyze historical data and trends, as well as to identify patterns and insights that can aid in informing business decisions. When analysis and reporting is done in a different environment using data warehousing, there is no additional load on the database, which is already busy with daily operational processes. The data warehouse has made it easy to obtain student analytics for various periods, including daily, monthly, and yearly. The reports provided through this infrastructure are used in studies to increase the quality of the LMS system.

EMF-Syncer: scalable maintenance of view models over heterogeneous data-centric software systems at run time

With the increasing presence of cyber-physical systems (CPSs), like autonomous vehicle systems and digital twins, the future of software engineering is predicated on the importance of designing and developing data-centric software systems that can adapt intelligently at run time. CPSs consist of complex heterogeneous software components. Model-driven engineering advocates using software models to tame such complexity, capturing the relevant design concerns of such systems at different levels of abstraction. Yet most of the existing CPSs are engineered without considering MDE practices and tools, facing fundamental challenges when working with data: monitoring the program data at run time, syncing updates between program and model, dealing with heterogeneous data sources, and representing such observed data at run time to facilitate automated analysis. In this work, we introduce the notion of view models to explicitly represent parts of the domain knowledge implicitly embedded in the source code of a software system. This notion is equipped with a scalable bidirectional syncing mechanism that extracts view model instances from program snapshots at run time. The syncing mechanism is proposed from a conceptual point of view, independently of specific implementations and supports incremental view model update and view model maintenance. We show how this syncing mechanism is flexible enough to facilitate the non-intrusive adoption of MDE technology over existing MDE-agnostic heterogeneous data-centric systems. We study the run-time cost implied by the EMF-Syncer , the tool implementing this syncing mechanism for Java applications and view models atop the eclipse modeling framework (EMF) when executing data analytic and transformation tasks over large volumes of data in the presence of data updates at run time. An empirical evaluation of the EMF-Syncer has been conducted with an industry-targeted benchmark for decision support systems, analyzing performance and scalability. The novel syncing mechanism enables new opportunities to adopt MDE technology in heterogeneous data-centric systems.

OPTIMALISASI ELEKTONIK MEDICAL RECORD (EMR) PADA LAYANAN KESEHATAN DI TINGKAT PRIMER PUSKESMAS BOTANIA KOTA BATAM

The Batam City Health Office facilitates health centers in its working area by using the health center information system to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of patient services. Assistance in the implementation of information systems related to electronic medical records is needed in puskesmas so that the use of information systems can be optimized. This activity aims to improve officer performance in processing electronic medical record data on information systems. This service activity was carried out at the Botania Health Center, Batam City. The methods used in this activity include counseling on optimizing the puskesmas information system, especially electronic medical records, as well as question and answer sessions. Overall, this community service activity went well. Participants also showed good enthusiasm, which was seen from the beginning of the activity to the end of the community service activity. The organizing team provided material related to optimizing the use of the puskesmas information system as well as system maintenance that can be carried out by puskesmas officers themselves without having to rely on the technical team from the Health Office. Socialization and training activities on the use of information systems have been successfully carried out at Puskesmas Botania. Technical solutions related to the use of the ePuskesmas application have been provided, including suggestions for the future development of the puskesmas management information system.