Synthesis Of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Research Articles

Surface and quantum chemical parameters of nickel oxide nanostructures suited for ultraviolet-assisted cationic dye degradation

Nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures were synthesized through chemical precipitation and subsequently analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Rietveld refinement of XRD data revealed a cubic structure with lattice parameters of a = b = c = 4.173 Å. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray were employed to analyze the functional group and elemental composition of NiO NPs. The ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectra indicated an optical band gap of 3.08 eV for synthesized NiO nanoparticles. Surface characteristics were evaluated using the Gwyddion open-source application, and parameters including Ra (mean roughness), Rq (mean square roughness), Rsk (surface skewness), and Rku (kurtosis coefficient) were calculated. The chemical properties of NiO were investigated through density functional theory calculations, and the results aligned well with experimental data. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB) in the presence of UV light was examined, and it followed pseudo-first-order rate kinetics with degradation efficiencies of 82.62% (MB) and 71.31% (RhB), respectively. The electric energy per order for the photodegradation process was calculated to be 9.4 × 102 kWh/m3/order (MB) and 11.7 × 102 kWh/m3/order (RhB). Notably, the low electric energy consumption per order indicated a cost advantage for the reactor setup.

Aloe vera extract-assisted sol-gel synthesis of NiOx nanopyramids for supercapacitor application

Green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles is a cost-effective and sustainable approach that allows tailoring of the size and shape of the nanostructures for versatile applications. In this study, aloe vera extract-assisted sol-gel synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiOx NPs) was explored for supercapacitor application. The NiOx NPs were synthesized at different aloe vera concentrations (2.5 and 5 wt%) and calcination temperatures (300, 400 and 500 °C). The phytochemical-assisted synthesis yielded NiOx nanopyramids with pores on their surface which widens as calcination temperature increases. As confirmed by XRD analysis, NiOx crystallite size also increased at higher calcination temperatures. Upon electrochemical characterization, NiOx-400B which was synthesized with 5 wt% aloe vera extract at 400 °C recorded the highest specific capacitance of 721 F g−1 at 1 A g-1 current density with the energy and power density of 10.38 Whkg−1 and 241.08 W kg-1 respectively. The charge storage mechanisms in the samples were gauged using Dunn's method which revealed that NiOx synthesized at higher calcination temperatures exhibited a greater contribution of the diffusion-controlled process. The optimized composition, NiOx-400B, also demonstrated excellent cycle stability by retaining up to 90.4 % of its original capacitance over 1500 cycles. This work is an attempt to investigate the viability of green synthesized nanoparticles in energy storage applications and the novel NiOx nanopyramid substantiates its prospect as a good electrode material for supercapacitors.

Green synthesis of NiO nanoparticles using a Cd hyperaccumulator (Lactuca sativa L.) and its application as a Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorbent

The proliferation of heavy metal contamination, namely, lead and copper, has emerged as a pervasive worldwide peril to human existence. One potential solution for addressing this issue is the utilization of nanoparticle adsorption, specifically for nickel oxide nanoparticles. However, to promote environmental sustainability, scholarly studies have identified green synthesis as a prospective methodology. The process of cadmium phytoremediation, although offering a potential remedy for heavy metal contamination, gives rise to apprehensions surrounding the proper disposal of cadmium hyperaccumulator plant biomass. Hence, it is imperative to establish suitable strategies for the disposition or usage of this biomass. The utilization of hyperaccumulator extracts for the eco-friendly production of nickel oxide nanoparticles remains unexplored in the current literature. The main aim of this research is to explore the possible application of Lactuca sativa L. as a plant species with the ability to accumulate high levels of cadmium. The study also seeks to examine the efficacy of utilizing these plants in the fabrication of nickel oxide nanoparticles and evaluate their capacity to absorb lead and copper ions. The characterization of nickel oxide nanoparticles is conducted through a range of techniques, encompassing scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The present work achieved successful utilization of Lactuca sativa L. extract for the manufacture of nickel oxide nanoparticles, which showed notable efficacy as an adsorbent for lead and copper. The synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using an extract from Lactuca sativa L. has demonstrated the viability of utilizing hyperaccumulator biomass in the phytoremediation of cadmium. This finding presents a promising avenue for investigating hyperaccumulator plants as potential sources for nanoparticle synthesis in the field of environment-based nanotechnology development.

High-performance UV photodetector based on nickel oxide loaded with low amount of nitrogen and boron co-doped reduced graphene oxide for bias-switchable photoconductance

In this work, we report a low cost and straightforward chemical synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles decorated with low amount of nitrogen and boron co-doped reduced GO for a high-performance UV photodetector. For the first time, NiO/NB-rGO nanomaterial was synthesized following the co-precipitation method and subsequently annealed at 400 °C. The nanomaterial was characterized with several techniques such as SEM, TEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the device was subjected to electrical characterizations to determine their responsivity, detectivity, and temporal responses both in the absence of illumination (dark conditions) and under UV illumination of 375 nm. In particular, the studied I-V curve was performed to evaluate the coexistence of positive and negative photoconductivity in our device. The results revealed a better photoresponse of NiO/NB-rGO device to UV light, which showed high responsivity (800 A/W), large detectivity (9.4 ×1011 Jones), and fast rise/fall time (1.38/2.17 s) at reverse bias. Consequently, the Schottky contact of NiO/NB-rGO allowed to switch between carriers’ conduction, which displayed both positive and negative photoconductance at reverse and forward bias.

Plant Extract Mediated Biogenic Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles and its Environmental and Antibacterial Applications

This research focuses on the green synthesis of Nickel Oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) using Musa paradisiaca, commonly known as banana plant, as a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach. Musa paradisiaca, utilized in traditional medicine, possesses various medicinal properties, including antioxidant, antibiotic, allogeneic, and hypoglycemic antimicrobial attributes. The peduncle extract of Musa paradisiaca serves as a reducing and capping agent for NiO nanoparticle synthesis. Characterization techniques such as XRD, EDX, and UV-vis spectroscopy were employed to analyze the properties of the synthesized NiO nanoparticles. XRD analysis confirmed an average grain size of 15.26nm, while SEM images revealed round cubic-shaped nanoparticles with a highly crystalline structure. The antibacterial activity of NiO nanoparticles was investigated against bacterial strains, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bordetella bronchiectasis, and Bacillus subtilis, demonstrating effective antibacterial properties. Furthermore, the catalytic power of the synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated through the degradation of methyl blue and methyl orange dyes under sunlight and UV light. The results indicated superior degradation efficiency under sunlight compared to UV light for both dyes. Additionally, the study explored the adsorption activity of NiO nanoparticles for chromium (VI) at various concentrations, with the best adsorption percentage recorded at 17.23% under pH 4.

Green Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles Using Salvadora persica and Their Application in Antimicrobial Activity against Oral Microbes

The current study evaluated the biogenic synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (SP-NiONPs) from the root extract of (Salvadora persica) S. persica and their biological properties. The nanoparticles were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques and then evaluated for their antimicrobial properties against 10 oral pathogens. The ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) spectra exhibited a distinctive resonance spectrum at 334 nm for the SP-NiONPs produced from S. persica. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed the presence of functional groups of biomolecules of S. persica that served as reducing and capping agents of the SP-NiONPs. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the nanoparticles were spherical-shaped, tightly packed, and ranged in size from 18.20 nm to 45.12 nm. The energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed 69.9% of the nickel (Ni) content by weight, and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline structure of the formed SP-NiONPs. The antioxidant activity of the SP-NiONPs exhibited a dose-dependent profile with an IC50 value of 51.45 ± 0.65 and a 54.13 ± 0.98 DPPH• and ABTS•+ radical scavenging activity, respectively. The SP-NiONPs showed an antibacterial activity against all the test strains; however, E. cloacae was found to be the most sensitive strain, with an inhibition zone of 31 ± 0.50 mm. The SEM image of the E. cloacae cells treated with SP-NiONPs showed irregular shapes and ruptured, destroyed cell membranes. Our findings revealed that SP-NiONPs could be used as excellent antibacterial agents against oral pathogens.

Synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles from Enicostemma littorale plant extract and investigation of their photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties

Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiOxi‐NPs) with a spherical shape have been developed using a green aqueous extract of the Enicostemma littorale plant, and their efficacy on various photochemical and biological applications like antibacterial and anticancer has been studied. The intense vibrational bands in the Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) spectrum correspond to Ni‐O, C=O, and O‐H, confirming the formation of NiOxi‐NP. Also, two intense peaks at 2θ = 36.42° (111) and 42.87° (200) in the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum confirm the NiOxi‐NP crystal lattice as face center cubic (FCC). To determine the light‐absorbing behavior and shape of the newly produced NiOxi‐NP, UV‐visible, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations were performed. NiOxi‐NP has a maximal distinctive UV‐visible absorption wavelength in the 306‐nm region. The nickel oxide nanoparticles are formed in spherical form and dispersed in the 33‐ to 46‐nm size range, according to the SEM and TEM investigations. According to the 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl thiazolyl‐2)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the Michigan Cancer Foundation‐7 (MCF‐7) breast tumor cancer cell line is extremely responsive to the green NiOxi‐NPs' exceptional lethal effectiveness. The IC50 value for MCF‐7 cell lines is 12.87 μg/mL. When tested against bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus, and Escherichia coli stains, the aforementioned particles demonstrate greater activity on the three bacteria. The photocatalytic activity of the greenery NiOxi‐NP over the dye rhodamine B (RBD) was finished in 16 min when the solution concentration was 0.025 mg/L. The green synthesis of NiOxi‐NP nanoparticles can behave as a better UV‐visible screener between 290 and 450 nm, a better antimicrobial agent, a better RBD degradation agent, and a better low‐dose anticancer agent.

Green synthesis of cotton flower shaped nickel oxide nanoparticles: Anti-bacterial and tribological studies

The goal of this study was to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) by the sol–gel method, which involved the use of Cassia Fistula is a herbal and medicinal plant. The Cassia Fistula (CF) plant extract acts as a stabilizing and capping agent. Further, NiO-NPs were characterized using UV–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). According to the results of UV–Visible, the absorption spectroscopy has displayed that the band gap is 3.5 eV. The biological properties were studied for prepared NiO-NPs. The antibacterial testes were examined using different bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus Epidermis and dose-dependent inhibition response was reported. The tribological tests are carried out using four ball testers in accordance with ASTM D4172-18 requirements. NiO-NPs are utilised as lubricating additives in poly alpha olefin (PAO4) base oil. NiO-NPs in PAO4 at a concentration of 0.5 wt% improved the coefficient of friction, and positive results are observed.

Synthesis and characterization of NiO nanoparticles using Sesbania grandiflora flower to evaluate cytotoxicity

Conventional nanoparticle (NP) synthesis based on physical and chemical processes are costly and are mostly associated with harmful effects on environment, whereas the use of plant extract is eco-friendly and cost effective which could act as reducing, stabilizing and capping agent. Herein, the present study is aimed to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles from nickel nitrate precursor and Sesbania grandiflora flower extract. Synthesized nickel oxide nanoparticles were characterized by Ultraviolet–Visible, FT-IR, SEM and XRD analyses. Ni-O stretching vibrations at 418 cm−1 in the FT-IR spectrum confirmed the formation of NiO NPs. The XRD pattern revealed the crystallite size of the NiO NPs to be in range of 19.9–60.4 nm. The morphology of the NiO NPs as revealed by the SEM images, which was rod like structure. The anticancer activity of the synthesized NiO NPs was evaluated with MM2 (human breast cancer cells) and HeLa (human cervical cancer cells) and compared with cisplatin. In MM2, the IC50 value of the NiO NPs is 33.57 ± 1.37 µg/mL whereas in HeLa, the IC50 value is 26.92 ± 1.67 µg/mL. The value is significant when compared with the conventional standard drug cisplatin (17.80 ± 0.30 µg/mL for MM2 and 15.06 ± 0.84 µg/mL for HeLa).

A green approach for the degradation of toxic textile dyes by nickel oxide (NiO-SD) NPs: Photocatalytic and kinetic approach

By utilizing the combustion process, nanoparticles can be produced quickly, easily, and in an environmentally friendly manner. In this study, sheep dung is employed as fuel for the synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-SD), and characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV, FESEM, and EDX, are used to confirm the as-desired nanoparticles. Malachite green (MG) and methylene blue (MB), respectively, are used as benchmark dyes to measure the photocatalytic effectiveness of the material and systematically investigated the effects of the light source, dye concentration, dose of photocatalyst, and pH value on the effectiveness of photocatalyst and photodegradation kinetics. It is found that the NiO-SD, when exposed to UV light, shows good removal effectiveness of the MB and MG dyes, according to the photodegradation data of 99.9% and 96.8%, respectively. The remarkable photodegradation efficiency of MB and MG dyes over the developed photocatalyst is also explained by a plausible photo-catalytic process. The green-manufactured photocatalyst can be a promising for ecological applications such as waste-water remediation.

Biomedical Applications of Biosynthesized Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles have gained tremendous attention recently in a variety of scientific domains thanks to their characteristic chemical, physical, optical, and biological properties. Due to the diversity of applications in various fields, different physicochemical methods have been used to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles. However, most conventional methods use hazardous chemicals during synthesis and become liable for potential health risks, while others are expensive and require a lot of energy to synthesize nanoparticles. As a result, the nanoparticles become less biocompatible and biologically inefficient. Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles is currently proposed as a valuable alternative to the physical and chemical methods, as it is a simple, non-toxic, cheap, green and facile approach. This synthetic method uses biological substrates such as plant extracts, microorganisms, and other biological products to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles. The various phytochemicals from plant extracts, enzymes or proteins from microorganisms, and other biological derivatives play as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents to provide bioactive and biocompatible nickel oxide nanoscale material. This review discusses current findings and trends in the biogenic synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles and their biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antileishmanial, and anticancer, with an emphasis on antimicrobial and anticancer activity along with their mechanistic elucidation. Overall, this thorough study provides insight into the possibilities for the future development of green nickel oxide nanoparticles as therapeutic agents for a variety of ailments.

Green synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles using Syzygium Aromatic Extract: Characterization and Biological Applications

In this study, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by Syzygium aromaticum (clove) extract via a green synthesis method and evaluated their antibacterial properties. The bio-molecules inside the extract play an important role in converting nickel nitrate salt into nickel oxide nanoparticles. The prepared nickel oxide nanoparticles were characterized via different techniques such as X-ray Diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. From X-ray diffraction results, the crystallite size of NiO NPs was estimated to be (39.7 nm). The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy exhibits intense two peaks at 594 cm-1 and 469 cm-1 which indicates the formation of NiO NPs. In addition, the energy band-gap calculated by Tauc’s formula was ~ 2.89 eV. Finally, The antibacterial activity study results detected that NiO NPs have the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus when compared to Escherichia coli. Thus, the present study exhibits good antibacterial activity, which may be explored in future clinical treatments.

Green synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles using Syzygium Aromatic Extract: Characterization and Biological Applications

Green synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles using Syzygium Aromatic Extract: Characterization and Biological Applications

Isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics, recyclability and mechanism of ultrasonic assisted adsorption of methylene blue and lead (II) ions using green synthesized nickel oxide nanoparticles

One of the urgent global problems demanding effective mitigation strategies is the pollution caused by organic dyes and metal ions like methylene blue and lead (II) ions. In recent times, the increasing applications of nickel oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine, catalysis, sensors in optoelectronic materials, and the prevention of environmental pollution have attracted researchers' interest across the globe. Herein, Psidium guajava leaves extract was utilized to synthesize green nickel oxide nanoparticles (PG-NiONPs). Surface and analytical techniques were employed to characterize PG-NiONPs and were thereafter applied to remove methylene blue and lead (II) ions from wastewater. The results revealed the quantified presence of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids and saponins in the Psidium guajava leaves extract. The prepared PG-NiONPs revealed a crystalline phase, functional groups, mesoporous and microstructural arrangements typical of nickel oxide nanoparticles. The surface area of PG-NiONPs was obtained as 85.40 m2/g. The best ultrasonic-assisted adsorption of MB and Pb(II) ions was achieved at pH values of 6 and 5 for MB and Pb(II), a contact time of 60 min, an adsorbent mass of 40 mg/L, and a temperature of 50 °C, respectively. The maximum MB and Pb(II) adsorption capacities of 495.58 and 508.56 mg/g were evaluated. The experimental data corroborated with the pseudo-second-order and Toth isotherm models. The adsorption of MB and Pb(II) over green PG-NiONPs was a thermodynamically spontaneous process. The PG-NiONPs indicated good recyclability with high stability even after 8 adsorption cycles. Overall, the PG-NiONPs is a potential adsorbent for improved toxic dyes, metal ions and other scavengers removal from wastewater.

Effect of laser pulse repetition rate in the synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles in PVA solution on the adsorption efficiency against phosphate ions

Eutrophication of the receiving confined water bodies could be caused by the presence of phosphate traces in treated wastewater from municipalities and factory businesses. One of the promising methods for phosphate removal is adsorption, which could be used in conjunction with the phosphate ions in the wastewater sectors, to meet discharge requirements when the biological media performance is compromised by changes in operating conditions. For that, pulsed laser ablation in liquid media process was used to create nickel oxide nanoparticles and embed them with poly vinyl alcohol to create nanocomposite structures. Their effectiveness in removing phosphate from the water was then investigated under various aquatic environmental circumstances. Additionally, the novelty was appeared for the first time to vary their particle sizes using different laser ablation parameters, like repetition rate. To determine how surface characteristics affect the phosphate adsorption behavior, the surface structure of the materials was examined using X-ray diffraction, a N2-adsorption-desorption technique, UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, a transmission electron microscope, and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. After that, in the adsorption investigation, adsorption isotherms, pH effects, and a desorbability study were all investigated during the adsorption test. The findings demonstrated that the prepared nanocomposite with a lower particle size of NiO NPs had higher adsorption efficiency than that with a larger particle size of NiO NPs because of the changes in surface structure of the materials. The results also demonstrated that the adsorbed amounts of phosphate tended to reduce with increasing pH for all samples. Thus, phosphate could be absorbed by the NiO/PVA nanocomposite structure in complicated solutions.

Electrochemical Detection of 4‐Nitrophenol Using A Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrode Modified by Rod‐Shaped Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles

Abstract4‐Nitrophenol (4‐NP) is a hazardous organic pollutant with detrimental effects on plants, animals, and humans. Detection of 4‐NP in the environment is therefore a necessary requirement. We demonstrate a facile green synthesis of nickel‐oxide (NiO) nanoparticles employing Brassica oleracea vegetable extract (cauliflower) as a green stabilizing and reducing agent. Green synthesized NiO nanoparticles were used as an efficient electrode material for the highly sensitive electrochemical detection of 4‐NP. The abundant polyphenolic component in the vegetable extract of Brassica oleracea is capable of reducing and stabilizing C2NiO4 into NiO nanoparticles. The as‐synthesized NiO nanoparticles were characterized by UV‐Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the structural phase of NiO nanoparticles was confirmed using powder X‐ray diffraction technique. The surface morphology of the NiO nanoparticles was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques were adopted to for the electrochemical determination of 4‐NP after drop casting the NiO nanoparticles onto the screen‐printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The developed sensor (NiO/SPCE) showed a high sensitivity of 1.055 μA/nM over a wide linear‐range from 1 to 10 nM with a detection limit of 0.519 nM for the detection of 4‐NP using DPV technique.

Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using Acacia nilotica leaf extracts and investigation of their electrochemical and biological properties

Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has attracted the researcher's attention due to its rapid, cost-effective, sustainable and eco-friendly nature. Current studies were carried out to perform and investigate the green synthesis of NiO NPs with aqueous (NiO(aqueous)) and ethanolic extracts (NiO(ethanolic)) of Acacia nilotica leaves, respectively. The NPs were characterized by spectroscopic, microscopic and thermometric techniques including FTIR, Raman, XRD, SEM, TGA and DSC. The electrochemical properties, antibacterial potential and haemolytic activities of the synthesized NPs were also examined. XRD patterns revealed the face-centred cubic structures of NiO NPs and a high degree of crystallinity. The average crystallite size of NiO(aqueous) NPs was significantly smaller (16 nm) than that of NiO(ethanolic) NPs (28 nm). SEM images show that NiO NPs are spherical. The synthesized NiO NPs demonstrate good electrochemical stability at an operating potential of −0.5-0.5 V. The inhibition effect of NiO NPs(ethanol) against B. subtilis, was comparable to the ciprofloxacin.

Synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles as an agent for antibacterial and wastewater remediation applications by calcination

Abstract In this paper, a nickel complex with the general formula [Ni(HST)(OAc)] (HST: 1-salicylaldehydethiosemicarbazone, OAc: acetate) was subjected to thermal decomposition to produce nanoparticles at three different temperatures. The semiconductor nanoparticles have a particle size of 22.18 nm and a band gap of 2.68 eV. Furthermore, it was observed that the nanoparticles exhibiting a zeta-potential value of −26.1 are stable in colloidal media. The produced nanoparticles have the potential to be used as wastewater treatment agents under optimized conditions, as evidenced by the photocatalytic activity on methylene blue degradation with a 69.30% decomposition. Although all the synthesized compounds exhibit high antibacterial activity with low minimal inhibitory concentration values, the nanoparticles obtained by calcination at 400 °C had the highest activity, which is consistent with the literature.

A review on green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activities

In this present world, harmful diseases and aquatic contaminations are declaring the excess demand for the welfare or dynamic materials for the upcoming generation. For this, the green synthesis of nanoparticles and their photocatalytic effect has been effectively investigated by chemical engineers and medical concerns for future use. The analysis of synthesized nanoparticles is done through microscopic techniques and several spectroscopic techniques, such as TEM, EDX, SEM, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, and UV–visible spectroscopy. In the absorption energy spectrum, nickel oxide nanoparticles show a red shift with a bandgap energy of 2.50 EV. The existence of CC, NC, CH, and OC = O bonds is confirmed through the FTIR spectrum on the surface of nickel oxide nanoparticles.

Synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles and Copper-Doped Nickel Oxide Nanocomposites Using Phytolacca dodecandra L'Herit Leaf Extract and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant and Photocatalytic Activities.

Nanotechnology research is emerging as cutting-edge technology, and nanoparticles (NPs) and nanocomposites (NCs) have played a significant role in the bioremediation and treatment of polluted water by organic and nonorganic materials. Nanoparticles produced by plant extracts are more stable and biocompatible in comparison with those produced by physical and chemical methods. This research focuses on the synthesis of NiO NPs and Cu-NiO NCs using Phytolacca dodecandra L'Herit (P.d) leaf extract and evaluation of their antioxidant and photocatalytic activities. Cu-NiO NCs were synthesized using 50 mL of 0.1 M nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate, 10 mL of 0.1 M copper(II) nitrate trihydrate, and 20 mL of leaf extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses to study the energy band gap, average crystallite size, functional groups, and morphology of the samples, respectively. The UV-vis analysis showed a red shift after copper doping, indicating a decrease in the optical band gap values. FT-IR characterization confirms the presence of various functional groups in samples. Crystallite sizes of the formed particles were obtained to be 14.18 and 16.10 nm from the XRD data for NiO NPs and Cu-NiO NCs, respectively. SEM showed the crystallinity of particles with a cubic structure. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) was found to be 78.3 and 97.8% by NiO NPs and Cu-NiO NCs, respectively. In the antioxidant test, NiO NPs and Cu-NiO NCs prevented the oxidation of 50% of the H2O2 molecules at a concentration of 363.96 and 350.29 μg/mL, respectively. Finally, the synthesized samples showed good photocatalytic and antioxidant activities.