Green synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles using Syzygium Aromatic Extract: Characterization and Biological Applications

Abstract

In this study, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by Syzygium aromaticum (clove) extract via a green synthesis method and evaluated their antibacterial properties. The bio-molecules inside the extract play an important role in converting nickel nitrate salt into nickel oxide nanoparticles. The prepared nickel oxide nanoparticles were characterized via different techniques such as X-ray Diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. From X-ray diffraction results, the crystallite size of NiO NPs was estimated to be (39.7 nm). The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy exhibits intense two peaks at 594 cm-1 and 469 cm-1 which indicates the formation of NiO NPs. In addition, the energy band-gap calculated by Tauc’s formula was ~ 2.89 eV. Finally, The antibacterial activity study results detected that NiO NPs have the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus when compared to Escherichia coli. Thus, the present study exhibits good antibacterial activity, which may be explored in future clinical treatments.