Principles Of Synergetics Research Articles

A new jet–emulsion metallurgical process

The operation of a jet–emulsion reactor is considered. The possibility of employing fundamental synergetic principles (the theory of self-organization) in creating a new jet–emulsion metallurgical process and a jet–emulsion reactor is demonstrated. Specific examples in which the relative rates of reduction and oxidation—and hence the chemical composition of the metal—are controlled by the organization of spatial dynamic dissipative structures are presented. A jet–emulsion process in which the metal composition may be controlled by synergetic principles in the course of direct reduction is described.

Synergetic Principles of Research Competences Formation of High School Students In the Process of Studying Humanities

The relevance of this problem’s study is due to the rapid integration processes of the educational environment of higher educational institutions with research institutes of large industrial complexes, research centers, laboratories, technology parks, etc., which require a rethinking of the competence paradigm of education and its reorientation towards the synergetic principles of humanitarian training of students – future intellectually developed, humanitarianly educated specialists possessing high-tech research competencies, capable to self-organization and self-transformation in the modern labor market. In this regard, this article is focused on the scientific study and experimental verification of the synergetic principles’ effectiveness of high school students’ research competences’ formation in Humanities study. The article represents the theoretical and methodological basis for students’ research competence’s formation (goal, content, technology, effectiveness criteria), reveals the essence and structure of the synergetic principles of self-organization and self-transformation of students’ research competencies in the process of studying the Humanities. The article can be useful for teachers of the higher school, the Methodist, the listeners of the system of professional skill s’ improvement and pedagogical staffs retraining of higher education institutions, young scientists, undergraduates, graduate students, students, working on research projects. It is recommended for professionals who are interested in issues of synergy in education.

Scales of metal fatigue cracking

A new paradigm is proposed for considering metal fatigue cracking based on the principles of synergetics and physical mesomechanics. Fatigue cracking is described as a three-stage process. Metal evolution is studied with stress growth from the micro- (ultrahigh cycle fatigue) to meso- (high cycle fatigue) and then macroscale (low cycle fatigue). The notion of two effective stress concentration factors on the metal surface and in its bulk is introduced; their variation pattern with stress growth is discussed. In the general case, the propagation of through-the-thickness cracks is shown to also occur in three stages—on the micro- (shear), meso- (rotation with the formation of triangular fatigue striations) and macroscale (rotation plus shear which lead to the formation of fatigue striations of complex shape), consecutively.

THE MEGA-CLASS TECHNOLOGY AS A TUTORIAL OF COLLECTIVE TRANING IN EDUCATIONAL CLUSTERS

The article is devoted to justification of the Mega-class technology as a tutorial providing «a pedagogical resonance» in the integrated educational process of an educational cluster. The scenarios of informatics mega-lessons, which are carried out by teachers of several schools, students and teachers of pedagogical university with participation of specialists of IT firms are submitted. The effect of collective training in collective educational structures «school-University-business» is provided with the synergetic principles of self-organization and self-development of educational collectives with attraction of high school science and business.

THE PROBLEM OF OPENNESS OF THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL MORALITY

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the specificity of the openness of the system of social morality to influence of the various phenomena of natural and social being. To achieve this goal it is necessary to identify the control factors of the system of social morality and describe characteristics of their interaction with the system. Methodology. The research is based on the use of synergetic methodology, according to which social morality is treated as an open complex self-organizing system. The openness and non-linearity are the main methodological principles of synergetics, which were used in the study. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact, that the idea of openness of the system of social morality to influence of the various phenomena of natural and social being and, above all, those that can be called «control factors» has been comprehensively investigated for the first time. It is noted nonlinear connection between system of social morality and its control parameters, the existence of circular causality between them, the difference in the intensity of the influence of different control factors on morality. Conclusions. Openness of the system of social morality provides, that external factors have an impact on it. Among them there are factors which impact is most relevant. We call them the control factors of the system of social morality. They can be divided into two main groups: the first are those, that have a social origin, and the second – biological. Macro level of morality (moral consciousness) is a new quality in comparison with the control factors. It is not their linear extension, because though it is formed by their influence, but the immediate cause of its appearance is self-organization mechanisms. Control factors are differ by the intensity of their impact on the system of social morality. Among them are those, which can be considered as fundamental, because structures, which are formed under their influence, are the basis of morality. The influence of others is usually lower, although at certain periods of system development it may increase or decrease. Interaction between the system of social morality and its controlling factors is characterized by circular causality: controlling factors affect morality and, in turn, they are subject to its influence.

Сложность. Разум. Постнеклассика (обзор литературы)

There are three main approaches in the development of mankind. These approaches encompass all anthropogenic activities and are the basis of paradigm change. The transition from one paradigm to another (from deterministic to stochastic and to the third synergetic paradigm) the certain patterns were identified. To consider the differences between these three paradigms the authors introduced the philosophical categories of certainty - uncertainty, predictability - unpredictability. Currently, we are witnessing the birth of the third, synergetic paradigm, which is based on the design of the origin, formation, development and change (evolution) of complex open nonlinear non-equilibrium systems. The theory of self-organization claims to be interdisciplinary and universality, including in the sphere of creation a modern social picture of the world. Synergetics is dealing with collective and mass processes, with complex social systems and it is the most rational key to solving this problem. The Humanity, creating a science, did constantly a system synthesis, specifying in any science, the most important variables and the laws by which these variables are developing. All the laws of physics, chemistry were determined by such rules. Synergetics is now trying to say, how to do it in all Sciences. This review presents the basic principles of the theory of chaos and self-organization and main scientific areas of synergetics. The basics of application of synergetic methodology to practitioners of strategic planning, forecasting, forsythe and modeling were analyzed. The authors presented on the principles of synergetics the basic staged scenarios for the development and management of complex systems. The coping and management of social chaos and interdisciplinary modeling were classified.

A New Approach to Foreign Language Discourse Teaching as a Super-complex, Self-developing System

This paper analyzes the structural content of foreign language discourse. Flexibility, mobility, fluidity and self-development of the discourse are closely connected with the ability of people to retain in their memory and to momentarily elicit from it an enormous number of words necessary for the process of constant communication. Teaching a foreign language discourse as a super-complex self-developing system can be successfully improved due to the methodological technique we have elaborated and described in the paper. We explore a model of teaching that has an interdisciplinary status and is based on synergetic principles, where language, environment and linguistic personality constitute an open super-complex self-developing system with a considerable accent on personal effort.

The nature of explanation in synergetic linguistics

AbstractThis investigation focuses on the nature of explanation in synergetic linguistics. After recounting the basic principles of Haken s synergetics, a physicalist stance constitutes the basis of a critique of using the stringent synergetic principle of synergetic linguistics. Jaegwon Kim has convincingly demonstrated that the strict synergetic principle impairs quantitative linguistics with downward causation. The central part of this paper demonstrates that the synergetic principle is not an appropriate principle on which to construct a valid functional explanation of quantitative linguistics. The final section analyses the concept of law in quantitative linguistics. We examine a series of laws as models and economization principles and we outline a conception of laws as various categories of conservation principles.

MODERN MAGISTRACY IN UKRAINE AS AN ACMESYNERGETIC SYSTEM

The article reveals the urgent problems of master’s degree training in Ukraine. It was highlighted the great scientifically-pedagogical potential of national higher school, active development of educational service market, the leading concept of magistracy in it. It was revealed the problems of master’s degree training in Ukraine as a pedagogical system with special peculiarities and features. It was adapted the basic principles of synergetics to the masters’ training process as an open pedagogic system, able to self-organization and self-development. It was taken the functional characteristics of system and peculiarities of its development on the present stage of higher educational system development in Ukraine. Phenomenon of self-organization in the process of master’s training as the possible direction of its optimization is studied. It was revealed the acmeological peculiarities to the masters’ training approach. Attention was paid to advantages of master’s degree as a suitable environment for the development of future specialist’s personality, able to constant self-education and self-perfection. In the result of analysis of self-cognition, self-education, self-development and self-perfection of masters were studied the stages of their professional and self-development. It was proved the organic unity of self-organization level of future specialist and the process of their professionalism formation. From the position of acmesynergetic approach was studied masters’ training as an open dynamic system, which constantly develops, changes, acquiring new personal and individual-psychological characteristics, providing future specialist with broad peculiarities of social and professional adaptation.

Implementation of two-level project management for safety systems development

Safety systems are nonlinear complex open systems. systems in terms of a system approach is in their t target . Managing this process can be considered as projec two levels - macro and micro levels. At the macro level to creat tion paths used synergetic principles of management tion necessary for the efficient movement along a c are considered as self- organizing systems, which can be managed by changin position and external conditions. The paper attempt macro and micro approaches to project management of

Synthesis and DNA Cleavage Activity of Piperazine Containing Guanidinoethyl and Hydroxyethyl Side Arms

AbstractAccording to active groups synergetic catalysis principle, a novel phosphodiester receptor 1‐(N‐guanidinoethyl)‐4‐(N‐hydroxyethyl)‐piperazidine hydrochloride was firstly synthesized and the preliminary studies of its DNA cleavage activity. It is characterized and confirmed by methods as 1H NMR and 13C NMR. A “couple hardness with softness” piperazidine is designed to connect guanidinium group and hydroxyl group; The reserch was showed that the best cleaving conditions was 7.2 in pH; Cleaving DNA by the compound reaction was oxidation process that were proved through the free radicals quenches experiments; The compound can cleaved the pUC 19 DNA by phospholipid transferance was proved by BDNPP.

Neutral Monism and Conceptions of Historiosofical Synthesis as Methodology of History

Examination of issues related to the methodology of history is important in connection with discussions of the theoretical component of historical knowledge. We consider that the methodology of history is an aggregate of philosophical, historical, and universal scientific conceptions, which can be presented as an integrated system with aspects and levels. There are ontological, epistemological, and axiological aspects of historical methodology. From the ontological perspective, researchers are trying to define the historical reality and the way how this reality evolves. Ontological aspect consists of doctrines of being (low-level), universal scientific theories, including theories of evolution (mid-level), historiosophical conceptions of world history (top-level), special historiosophical and general historical conceptions (additional and special methodology). The aim of this article is to find what doctrines of being and what historiosaphical conceptions of the world history may be considered as constructive methodology of history in the framework of its ontological aspect nowadays. For this purpose, we examine ontological doctrines and historiosaphical conceptions of the world history and determine what kinds of them are consistent with the key principles of evolution of great open systems, established by synergetics as a modern theory of evolution. We prove that evolutionary version of neutral monism and conceptions of historiosothical synthesis collocate with the key principles of synergetics to the gratis extend. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n8p146

Role of local curvature in grain boundary sliding in a deformed polycrystal

The paper considers experimental and theoretical principles of accounting for curvature in multiscale computer simulation of the behavior of interfaces as independent planar subsystems in a loaded polycrystal. Dynamics of matter and energy flows along grain boundaries is studied using a hybrid discrete-continuous method of excitable cellular automata, which combines synergetic principles of discrete switching and laws of continuum mechanics. It is shown that these flows have a rotational-wave nature and depend on the loading conditions of a grain boundary.

Synthesis of a Novel Organic Molecule for DNA Cleavage

The artificial nucleic acid cleaving agents have attracted extensive attention due to their potential applications in molecular biological technology and drug development. Metal-free cleaving reagents have beenconsidered safer for their hydrolytic pathway of cleaving the P—O bond of phosphodiester in nucleic acids and have shown clinical potential. It is known that guanidinium is the arginine residue and the key functionality at the active site in staphylococcal nuclease( SNase) for DNA hydrolysis. Some small organic molecules as guanidinium derivatives have been used to cleave phosphodiester for DNA hydrolysis. We report here,according to active groups synergetic catalysis principle,the design and synthsis of a novel phosphodiester receptor 1-( N-guanidinoethyl)-4-( N-hydroxyethyl)-piperazidine hydrochloride( 4) and the preliminary studies of its DNA cleavage activity. In the compound,the guanidinium group serves to recognize,bind,and electrophilically activate the anionic phosphodiester through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. The hydroxyl group works as a nucleophilic group in the transphosphorylation reaction,which is expected to be highly efficient because of the proximity effect. A "couple hardness with softness"piperazidine is designed to connect these two groups. Compound 4 was synthesized via a three-step reaction( nucleophilic substitution,hydrazinolysis and guanylation). Its structure was confirmed by1H NMR,13C NMR and LC-MS. The influence of pH on the cleaving of pUC 19 DNA was studied by sugar gel electrophoresis. The mechanism of cleaving DNA by the compound was proved through the free radicals quenches experiments. The way of DNA cleavage was discussed through density functional theory and theoretical investigation by Gaussian. The results indicate that with pH value of 7. 2 is the optimal pH for DNA cleavage in the presence of compound 4,the phosphodiester bond of DNA would be cleaved by compound 4 via a transphosphorylation pathway through oxidation-reduction reaction. Thus,this compound may be useful as artificial nucleic acid cleaving agent and the study may be usefully applied to achieve a more effective DNA cleavage for optimizing the structure and the distance of functional group to synergistic catalytic cleavage of the phosphodiester bond. In conclusion,design and synthesis of a novel phosphodiester receptor compound 4 containing guanidinoethyl and hydroxyethyl side arms was achieved successfully. We propose to introduce more such compounds as cleaving agents of nucleic acids to be widely investigated and found to be quite efficient.

On a Synergistic Operating Mechanism for China’s Intellectual Property Public Policy System: A Study of China’s Technology Transfer Policy System

Following the change of objectives in China’s public policy on intellectual property and the continuous increase in that policy’s range of adjustment and number of policy input sources, the focus of policy making should be shifted to perfecting the policy system and its operating mechanism. However, the present operating model of technology transfer policy still adheres to the conventional emphasis on the effectiveness of individual policies. Conflicts between policies cancel out efficiency, leading to internal friction which may make the system as a whole work less effective. This paper applies the principle of synergetics to the construction and operation of the public policy system. On the basis of the high efficiency and practical value of synergistic operating mechanisms, we put forward concrete measures for establishing a synergistic operating mechanism for Chinese technology transfer policy.

Structural and technological particulars of glass melts

Works on the structure of silicate and glass melts are reviewed using the principles of synergetics and the concepts of a cluster and fractal. Some particulars of commercial technological processes and the operational reliability of manufactured articles are examined.

Research on Multi-Sectoral Synergetic Mechanism for Emergent Decision-Making on Critical Incidents

Emergency decision making is the core link and key content of crisis emergent management. The conventional decision-making principle cannot meet the needs of emergent decision-making. Therefore, general linear superposition principle is not applicable any more, and the synergetic principle must be followed in emergent decision-making on critical incidents. Basic principles of making emergent decision and approaches to multi-sectoral synergetic mechanism innovation relating to emergency decision making is presented in the article.

Study on the Synergetic Mechanism for the Dynamic Evaluation of Electricity Market Operational Efficiency

In Synergetics, when a complex system evolves from one sate to another, the order parameter plays a dominant role. We can analyze the complex system state by studying the dynamic of order parameter. We developed a synergetic model of electricity market operation system, and studied the dynamic process of the system with empirical example, which revealed the internal mechanism of the system evolution. In order to verify the accuracy of the synergetic model, fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm and grey relevance method were used. Finally, we found that the reserve rate of generation was the order parameter of the system. Then we can use the principle of Synergetics to evaluate the efficiency of electricity market operation.

Hölder continuity of two types of bidirectionally coupled generalised synchronisation manifold

This paper studies the existence of Hölder continuity of bidirectionally coupled generalised synchronisation (GS). Based on the slaving principle of synergetics and the modified system approach, it classifies the GS into several types. The existences of two main types of Hölder continuous bidirectionally coupled GS inertial manifolds are theoretically analysed and proved by using the Schauder fixed point theorem. Numerical simulations illustrate the theoretical results.

Application of Probabilistic Approach to Describe the Kinetic Curves of Dissolution And Leaching of Magnetite

Proposed kinetic analysis of the processes of dissolution is based on use of principles of synergetics, fractal geometry, heterogeneous kinetics, using probabilistic approaches to the description of the interaction of oxide with a solution. The authors investigated in details the mechanisms of dissolution of magnetite and other oxides of iron in sour environments with the purpose to determine the mathematical equations that describe the kinetic curves of dissolution and leaching of magnetite.