Syndrome In Chinese Children Research Articles

Major histocompatibility complex class II antigens in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in Chinese children

Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) has been postulated to have an immunopathogenic basis. To determine whether SSNS is associated with specific class II antigens of the major histocompatibility complex, we studied HLA-DR and DQ in 40 children with SSNS. HLA-DR7 was found in 40% of SSNS patients compared with only 11.23% of controls (P = 0.00025). HLA-DR9 occurred in 71.40% of patients with frequent relapses, compared with 27.37% of controls (P = 0.016). It seems likely that SSNS has an immunogenetic basis.

Kawasaki syndrome in Chinese children

SUMMARYA retrospective analysis of the clinical features and outcome of 39 Chinese children with Kawasaki syndrome was made. The mean age of onset was 2·7 years (range: 0·2–13 years). The male: female ratio was 2·9: 1. One child presented with nephrotic syndrome. This renal manifestation has not been described in Kawasaki disease. Ten (32%) out of 31 patients were found to have coronary aneurysms by cross-sectional echocardiography. The only significant risk factor detected in this group of patients was anaemia (P< 0·007). There was one (2·5%) death from acute myocardial infarction and the rest of the patients were clinically well with a mean follow-up period of 1 year (mean: 5–40 days). This study indicates that there is a high incidence of coronary aneurysm complicating Kawasaki syndrome in Chinese comparable with that reported in Japanese children.

Kawasaki syndrome in Chinese children

A retrospective analysis of the clinical features and outcome of 39 Chinese children with Kawasaki syndrome was made. The mean age of onset was 2.7 years (range: 0.2-13 years). The male:female ratio was 2.9:1. One child presented with nephrotic syndrome. This renal manifestation has not been described in Kawasaki disease. Ten (32%) out of 31 patients were found to have coronary aneurysms by cross-sectional echocardiography. The only significant risk factor detected in this group of patients was anaemia (P less than 0.007). There was one (2.5%) death from acute myocardial infarction and the rest of the patients were clinically well with a mean follow-up period of 1 year (mean: 5-40 days). This study indicates that there is a high incidence of coronary aneurysm complicating Kawasaki syndrome in Chinese comparable with that reported in Japanese children.

Hyperventilation syndrome in Chinese children.

SUMMARYIn children the hyperventilation syndrome, though not rare, is a psychological condition which is seldom recognized. During the three-year period 1979 to 1981 five Chinese children, aged seven to 11¾ years, were admitted with this condition. Their clinical profile included, in addition to classical deep sighing respiration and carpopedal spasm, other protean manifestations—chest discomfort, nausea, paraesthesia, diaphoresis, giddiness, fainting spells and muscular twitching. On admission arterial blood gas studies showed acute respiratory alkalosis which returned to normal after the initial attack. The precipitating factors in three of the five children were related to school examinations—underlying anxiety of both children and parents and high parental expectation; over-protectiveness and other emotional stresses in school and at home also appeared to be important. Although all five children responded in the acute stage to reassurance and simple psychotherapy, with or without rebreathing into a pl...