Emotional Exhaustion Symptoms Research Articles

Qualitative Meta Integration of the Real Experience of Bank Employee Burnout Based on Computer System

Bank employee burnout is a state of exhaustion in the physical, mental, emotional, emotional and behavioral aspects of bank employees caused by excessive working hours, excessive workload, excessive work intensity and ignoring their individual needs during the work process. Since bank employees belong to the piece-rate work system, not the hourly work system, they are different from the elementary and middle school bank employees who can arrange their own time outside of work. Therefore, the definition of bank employee burnout refers to the conflict between work and family. The symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment caused by conflicts between audit and banking business, work pressure and banking system problems, show a state of low work input and low work efficiency. Through computer technology, it is possible to conduct a comprehensive analysis of its experience, thereby completing scientific integration and making it more reasonable.

Evaluating the Association of Multiple Burnout Definitions and Thresholds With Prevalence and Outcomes

Physician burnout is a serious issue, given its associations with physician attrition, mental and physical health, and self-reported medical errors. Burnout is typically measured in health care by assessing the frequency of symptoms in 2 domains, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. However, the lack of a clinically diagnostic threshold to define burnout has led to considerable variability in reported burnout rates. To estimate the prevalence of burnout using a range of definitions (ie, requiring symptoms in both domains or just 1) and thresholds (ie, requiring symptoms to occur weekly vs a few times per year) and examine the strength of the association of various definitions of burnout with suicidal thoughts and thoughts of attrition among general surgery residents. A cross-sectional national survey of clinically active US general surgery residents administered in conjunction with the 2019 American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination assessed burnout symptoms, thoughts of attrition, and suicidal thoughts during the past year. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association of burnout symptoms with thoughts of attrition and suicidal thoughts. Values of R2 and C statistic were used to evaluate multivariable model performance. Burnout was evaluated with a 6-item, modified, abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory for 2 burnout domains: emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The primary outcome was prevalence of burnout. Secondary outcomes were thoughts of attrition and suicidal thoughts within the past year. Among 6956 residents (a 85.6% response rate; including 3968 men [57.0%] and 4041 non-Hispanic White individuals [58.1%]) from 301 surgical residency programs, 2329 (38.6%) reported at least weekly symptoms of emotional exhaustion, and 1389 (23.1%) reported at least weekly depersonalization symptoms. Using the most common definition, 2607 general surgery residents (43.2%) reported weekly burnout symptoms on either subscale. Subtle changes in the definition of burnout selected resulted in prevalence estimates varying widely from 3.2% (159 residents; most stringent: daily symptoms on both subscales) to 91.4% (5521 residents; least stringent: symptoms a few times per year on either subscale). In multivariable models, all measures of higher burnout symptoms were associated with increased thoughts of attrition (depersonalization: R2, 0.097; C statistic, 0.717; emotional exhaustion: R2, 0.137; C statistic, 0.758; both: R2, 0.138; C statistic, 0.761) and suicidal thoughts (depersonalization: R2, 0.077; C statistic, 0.718; emotional exhaustion: R2, 0.102; C statistic, 0.750; both: R2, 0.106; C statistic, 0.751) among general surgery residents (all P < .001). In a national evaluation of general surgery residents, prevalence estimates of burnout varied considerably, depending on the burnout definition selected. Frequent burnout symptoms were strongly associated with both thoughts of attrition and suicide, regardless of the threshold selected. Future research on burnout should explicitly include a clear description and rationale for the burnout definition used.

Prevalence and predictors of burnout syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety in nursing staff in various departments

BackgroundHospital settings are a highly challenging work environment because of the increased demands of most of the works assigned to do, changes in the everyday routine of work, unreasonable expectations of patients and their relatives, and serious legal and death problems. Nurses experience stress due to work exhaustion that makes them vulnerable to many psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety in nursing group and their possible risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 181 nurses working at Al Zahraa University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt; the sociodemographic characteristics and occupational data were collected and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Davidson Trauma Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Proactive Coping Inventory were completed.ResultsPsychiatric symptoms were prevalent among nurses, 79% were positive for depression and 64.6% were positive for anxiety. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was 19.9%, while 87.8% of nurses were positive for burnout syndrome and had symptoms for at least one of the 3 types of burnout syndrome: 73.5% for emotional exhaustion, 61.9% for depersonalization, and 68.5% for personal accomplishment. Eighty-six percent of nurses who had post-traumatic stress disorder were also positive for burnout syndrome. ICU nurses had 100% emotional exhaustion symptoms compared with other departments; lack of use of different coping approach towards stressors at work and work experience was risk factors of burnout syndrome.ConclusionBurnout syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety were common in a wide group of nurses; the development of health educational program for nurses about different coping strategies to face stressors and conflicts at work is mandatory.

Burnout and Career Satisfaction Among Canadian Vascular Surgeons

(1) To determine the scope and severity of burnout in Canadian vascular surgeons, (2) to quantify the impact of occupational burnout, and (3) to inform on potential intervention strategies. A survey was developed following the American College of Surgeons study containing the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Primary Medical Evaluation of Mental Disorders, Short Form Health Study, and questions surrounding demographics, medical errors, and coping behaviors. It was confidential and administered via SurveyMonkey and accessible to one researcher. The survey was circulated via email to all active members of the Canadian Society of Vascular Surgery. Research ethics board approval was attained before administration. Responses were anonymously recorded through open-text, Likert scales, and multiple choice answer fields. Consistent with American College of Surgeons survey analysis, categories were evaluated according to original marking schemes. Results were presented in aggregate form. Primary outcome variables included burnout scope and severity, stressors, and correlation to medical errors. Secondary variables included measurements of burnout criteria and work-life balance. Two hundred ten Canadian Society of Vascular Surgery members were surveyed. Reminders circulated until a 34% response rate (n = 72) and saturation were achieved. Respondents were 89% male and 11% female, predominantly Caucasian, and married with children. Sixty percent of surgeons worked in academic hospitals and 40% in community hospitals, representing well the Canadian vascular environment. Burnout was reported in 34% of respondents. Symptoms of emotional exhaustion were present in 50% of respondents, depersonalization in 25%, and reduced sense of accomplishment in 35%. Seventy-one percent reported the ability to separate stress from providing high-quality care while 29% felt poor emotional health rendered them less able to do so. Fifty-three percent of reported symptoms of depression and loss of interest in previously enjoyed things. Thirty percent reported increased callousness toward others, and 10% of respondents experienced panic attacks within the past 6 months. The commonly cited stressors included poor work-life balance, lack of support systems, and unrealistic job expectations. This is the first study to quantify burnout and causal factors in Canadian vascular surgeons. It confirms that burnout, depression, and job dissatisfaction are major issues. Burnout is primarily attributed to infrastructural limitations and conflicting institutional demands, citing a lack of collegial and administrative support. No significant admission in correlation to medical errors or substance dependency was found. Respondents derive great purpose from their careers yet would not recommend it to others. Further investigation into specific environments and individual practice is warranted to inform effective interventions.

Kulnun kennara og starfsaðstæður: Þróun og samanburður við aðra opinbera sérfræðinga

Frá efnahagshruninu 2008 hefur niðurskurður fjármagns leitt til þess meðal annars að minna svigrúm hefur gefist til að takast á við brýn úrlausnarefni í skólastarfi. Vísbendingar eru um að líðan kennara hafi versnað frá árinu 2008 og því er mikilvægt að kanna hvort breytingar hafi orðið á einkennum kulnunar frá fyrri rannsóknum meðal grunnskólakennara á árunum 1999 og 2005. Sami spurningalisti og notaður var í fyrri rannsóknum, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-ES) var lagður fyrir 515 grunnskólakennara í Reykjavík. Konur voru 85%, karlar 15% og svarhlutfallið var 38%. Einnig voru lagðir fyrir listar sem meta annars vegar örmögnunarröskun (The Karolinska Emotional Exhaustion Scale – KEDS) og hins vegar starfsaðstæður (Job Demands-Resource Scale – JDRS). Í ljós kom að einkenni kulnunar meðal grunnskólakennara hafa aukist frá því fyrir hrun, einkum tilfinningaþrot, en grunnskólakennarar meta starfsárangur enn nokkuð mikinn og finna varla til hlutgervingar gagnvart nemendum. Um 42% grunnskólakennara mæta greiningarviðmiðum fyrir örmögnunarröskun samanborið við 31–38% félagsmanna BHM. Hvað starfsaðstæður varðar meta grunnskólakennarar álag mikið en telja sig hafa tækifæri til að vaxa í starfi og fá stuðning frá stofnun, t.d. stjórnendum. Grunnskólakennarar finna til starfsöryggis en þeir hafa ekki mikla möguleika á framgangi í starfi. Álag reyndist hafa sterkust tengsl við kjarnaeinkenni kulnunar, tilfinningaþrot, í líkani Maslach og einnig örmögnunarröskun. Möguleikar til vaxtar í starfi og stuðningur stofnunar virðast hafa verndandi áhrif. Niðurstöður sýna að kulnun hefur aukist og mikilvægt er að huga að starfsaðstæðum grunnskólakennara, sérstaklega of miklu álagi. Ástæður þessa mikla álags geta verið margvíslegar en hugsanlega má rekja þær til hegðunarvanda í nemendahópi, skorts á viðeigandi úrræðum í málefnum nemenda sem veita þarf sérstakan stuðning, aukins foreldrasamstarfs og almenns virðingarleysis gagnvart kennarastarfinu í samfélaginu.

Job stress and emotional exhaustion at work in Spanish workers: Does unhealthy work affect the decision to drive?

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the relationships among the following elements: unhealthy work indicators (job stress and emotional exhaustion at work), the decision to drive (or not), and driving crashes suffered by Spanish workers.MethodsFor this cross-sectional study, a full sample of 1,200 Spanish drivers (44% women and 56% men) was used, their mean age being 42.8 years. They answered a questionnaire divided into three sections: demographic and driving-related data; burnout, job stress, and life stress; and self-reported road behaviors and driving safety indicators.ResultsOverall, 41.6% of drivers reported emotional exhaustion at work. Furthermore, 80.2% of the participants showing substantial signs of job stress or exhaustion had experienced one or more important stressful life events during the previous year. Job stress was associated with the number of driving crashes suffered along the last 3 years. Also, and especially in situations where drivers admit not feeling well enough to drive, job stress and emotional exhaustion seem to be independent from the decision to drive, and from perceiving these variables as potential impairers of driving performance.ConclusionsFirst of all, this study showed a high prevalence of job stress and emotional exhaustion symptoms experienced at work by Spanish workers. Moreover, significant relationships were found among self-rated driving performance, workplace stress and burnout indicators, which suggests that job stress and emotional exhaustion levels may, indeed, impair driving performance, but they do not influence the decision to drive or not. In other words, even when they are significantly affected by job stress or emotional exhaustion at work, most Spanish drivers still drive.

Decreasing Resident Physician Burnout Requires a Multifaceted Approach

* Abbreviation: PRB-RSC — : Pediatric Resident Burnout-Resilience Study Consortium The alarming rate of physician burnout is a call to action on behalf of current trainees and future generations of doctors. Although this concern was identified more than a decade ago, little progress has been made. Symptoms of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficiency are widespread in this work environment. In addition, physicians also face high levels of individual stress, anxiety, and depression. The Pediatric Resident Burnout-Resilience Study Consortium (PRB-RSC) surveyed a cross-section of pediatric residents from 49 programs across the United States. The survey revealed a >50% burnout rate among pediatric residents.1 Importantly, this study also identified protective and risk factors that impact burnout. As medical educators, it is our responsibility to take an evidence-based approach and evaluate these factors. Afterward, a comprehensive plan to modify trainee burnout and improve overall wellness can be further developed. Resident burnout in pediatrics is not unique; it is present in all specialties. Chaukos … Address correspondence to Jeanine C. Ronan, MD, MS, MSEd, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, 9th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104. E-mail: ronan{at}email.chop.edu

Marine Healing, but Not Additional Intake of Undaria pinnatifida, Benefits Physical and Emotional Exhaustion Symptoms of Menopause.

Menopausal symptoms can persist or worsen even years after menopause and affect women's quality of life. We investigated whether menopausal symptoms were alleviated through a marine healing program and if sea mustard intake additionally benefits these symptoms. A total of 42 menopausal women self-selected to participate as the marine (n = 22) or city group (n = 20). The marine group participated in a 5-day marine healing program consisting of a balanced diet, exercise, and mind-body practices using ocean resources. The city group continued one's daily routine without any intervention. Within the marine group, participants were randomly assigned to consume sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida) (15.4 g dry weight/day; n = 11) or control (n = 11). Changes in menopausal symptoms were measured using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) before, immediately after, and 2 weeks after the end of the marine healing program. The city group completed the MRS at baseline and on day 20. Within subject differences of menopausal symptoms between baseline and immediately after the marine healing program were assessed using paired t-test. Intervention effects were assessed by mixed analysis of variance. Somatic, psychological, and urogenital symptoms were immediately alleviated after the marine healing program. No effect of sea mustard was detected in the marine group. After 2 weeks, the effect of marine healing persisted in physical and mental exhaustion only. A 5-day integrated marine healing program, but not additional sea mustard intake, temporarily alleviated menopausal symptoms. The reduction in physical and mental exhaustion after marine healing can be maintained for 2 weeks.Trial RegistrationClinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0004025

Risk factor and symptoms of burnout in physiotherapists in the canton of Bern

BackgroundSeveral studies have shown that the risk of burnout is high for people working in health professions. Many physiotherapists have either suffered from burn out personally or have seen colleagues suffer from it. In Switzerland, there is a lack of evidence concerning the risk factors and symptoms for burnout among physiotherapist.The aim of this study was to empirically identify risk factors and symptoms of burnout in physiotherapists working in the canton of Bern.MethodBased on interview guidelines, three semi-structured interviews with physiotherapists who experienced burn out themselves were conducted. The questions were divided into two main categories: risk factors and symptoms. For analysis, the interviews were transcribed and assigned to individual categories.ResultsHigh personal expectations and the pressure that comes with working on patients with chronic complaints were the most common answers from the participants. In this study these factors can be considered as important risk factors. In particular, emotional exhaustion and depression seem to be relevant burnout symptoms which lead to a decrease in personal performance.ConclusionIn this study physiotherapists with burn out working in an acute care hospital tend to suffer from symptoms of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. For physiotherapists, sensitization to symptoms and risk factors of burnout is essential in daily work as well as in education. The results of this study might be of interest for physiotherapist or physiotherapists students to prevent and sensitive them for burnout symptoms.

The impact of NHS change processes on art therapists working in LD services

ABSTRACT The impact of working as art therapists in the NHS during protracted change processes, with people with learning disabilities (LD), was investigated in a qualitative heuristic doctoral study (Ashby, 2018), which considered concerns about emotional exhaustion and reduced efficacy, symptoms of burnout (Maslach, 1982), as a result of occupational stress. The researcher’s own data was examined, and 15 art therapists employed by NHS Trusts across England were interviewed. This article explores how the research was conducted, its findings related to LD services in the NHS and wider employment issues, and addresses how the findings are relevant to all art therapists. Most burnout studies are quantitative and consider workplace sources of occupational stress, but this qualitative research importantly revealed how crucial personal sources of support and stress were in terms of aiding or reducing clinicians’ capacities to cope. There was evidence of job satisfaction, resilience, and personal growth developed over years of practice, and high levels of stress resulted in symptoms of burnout in some participants, but recovery was shown to be possible. Plain-language summary Research into the impact of working as an art therapist in learning disability (LD) services in the NHS in England during long periods of change processes found sources of stress and of job satisfaction (Ashby, 2018). The doctoral research was qualitative, using heuristic methodology as the researcher had experience of the issues investigated, and 15 art therapists were interviewed. This article discusses the relevant literature, the way the research was done, and findings of the research; it applies the knowledge gained to the situations many art therapists experience in their practice with different organisations and work environments. The impact on art therapists was investigated as both positive and negative aspects of their working lives were evident, and sources of job satisfaction and of occupational stress were experienced, including burnout symptoms of emotional exhaustion and reduced capacity to work, though not depersonalisation (Maslach, 1982). Organisational sources of satisfaction and stress within NHS LD services were identified, and employment issues for art therapists became apparent in relation to job insecurity, within the depressed employment market. This qualitative research found that personal sources of support or stress could result in art therapists being able or unable to manage coping with occupational stress if multiple sources of stress were present. Burnout symptoms of emotional exhaustion and a reduced capacity to manage their workload resulted from these situations for some participants, however, those affected were able to recover when they addressed the occupational stress that had become too much for them; no participants avoided contact with service users.

BURNOUT AMONG EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TEACHERS: CAUSES AND IMPLICATIONS

Burnout among early childhood education teachers and the factors that cause burnout will affect the value and quality, performance and service of an achievement. This study examines the level of burnout of early childhood education teachers through three main symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievements and further decline to analyze the causes contributing to the symptoms of burnout and burnout implications against the teacher early childhood education. This study uses a mixed-method and was carried out involving 165 and respondents consisting of early childhood education teachers in the Samarahan and Kuching Sarawak. A total of five respondents were interviewed. Questionnaires related to burnout were circulated containing 30 items whereas items for the interview questions contained 20 questions. Data has been analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings show that burnout levels among early childhood education teachers in Kuching and Samarahan are low. While teachers' personal factors, economic factors, and social factors have been identified as the main cause of teachers experiencing burnout. Uncontrolled burnout provides negative impact to teachers that can be viewed through the impact of emotional, physical, health, social and career education of early childhood teachers.

Effects of organisational and patient factors on doctors’ burnout: a national survey in China

ObjectivesTo measure the burnout of doctors affiliated with western medicine (WM) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospitals and to evaluate its relationships with organisational and patient factors.DesignA national cross-sectional study...

The effects of employee burnout on customers: An experimental approach

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the different effects of employee burnout dimensions (depersonalisation and emotional exhaustion) on customer service perceptions. We hypothesised that customers who interact with depersonalising employees will feel angry and hostile, which, in turn, should be related to low service perceptions. Emotional exhaustion was hypothesised to attenuate this effect because customers might perceive exhaustion as a reason for the depersonalising behaviour and may be affected less negatively. Each of the 156 study participants read 12 vignettes in which university employees displayed depersonalisation and emotional exhaustion symptoms. Multilevel analysis showed that employee depersonalisation negatively affected customer perceptions towards employee service and organisation service. Customer anger and hostility mediated this effect. Employee emotional exhaustion moderated the indirect effect such that depersonalisation had the strongest effect on customer service perceptions via anger and hostility when the employee did not display emotional exhaustion. Findings highlight the importance of studying the effects of depersonalisation and emotional exhaustion separately, and taking into account customer affective processes.

Pediatric Liver Transplant Teams Coping With Patient Death.

Coping with patient death among pediatric liver transplant teams has received little attention despite general recognition of the potentially negative emotional consequences associated with such loss. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways in which members of pediatric liver transplant teams cope with the death of patients on the waitlist and post-transplant and the institutional resources available to facilitate this coping. Participants included 120 physicians, nurses, and mental health professionals from multiple transplant centers across the United States. Participants completed an online questionnaire that assessed the availability of formal coping resources at their institutions, informal sources of support used to cope with patient death, and as indices of coping, bereavement, and emotional exhaustion symptoms experienced. Debriefing, the most commonly offered support, was available to about half (55.8%) of the sample; yet, nearly all respondents (98.3%) indicated that debriefing would be useful. On average, bereavement and emotional exhaustion levels were comparable to normative data, but patterns of coping varied based on participants' position within the transplant team. For participants who reported that debriefing was available at their institutions, emotional exhaustion was lower. Overall, formal supports were inconsistently offered to pediatric transplant team members. Team members expressed high acceptability for debriefing, which has been associated with benefits in other populations, and findings indicated better coping in the transplant setting when it was offered.

Nurses' Intention to Leave the Organization: A Mediation Study of Professional Burnout and Engagement.

The nature of the turnover process calls for the study of more complex relationships among variables beyond simple bivariate or multiple associations between predictors and turnover intentions. The present article aims to examine the predictive value of job demands and resources in the explanation of nurses' intention to leave the organization and to test the mediating roles of professional burnout and engagement in these relationships, within a Portuguese nursing population. The research models were tested within the scope of the Registered Nurse Forecasting project. Data included the self-report questionnaires of 2,235 Portuguese nurses from 31 hospitals, collected through stratified random sampling procedures. The statistical analyses of the structural models showed that nurses' participation in hospital affairs, a job resource at the work organization level, was the only significant predictor of nurses´ intention to leave the organization (β = -.45, p < .001). Analyses of the mediation models revealed that the emotional exhaustion symptoms of burnout (β = -.11, p < .001) and job engagement feelings (β = -.15, p < .001) were both significant mediators between nurses' decisional involvement and their intentions to leave the organization. Results suggest that including nurses in decision-making processes regarding their professional practice policy and environment, and improving nurses' professional well-being are two crucial strategies to reduce nurses' turnover intentions.

Prevención de burnout y fatiga por compasión: evaluación de una intervención grupal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a group intervention designed to reduce symptoms of burnout and compassion fatigue. By non-probabilistic sampling 24 volunteer participants, 21 women and 3 men (mean age 43.5±7.9) were recruited, they played managerial functions in organizations that give services to vulnerable population. By quota sampling, 3 independent therapeutic groups were formed with 8 participants each, a package of instruments was used to measure burnout, compassion fatigue, depression and anxiety at 3 moments: baseline, post-treatment and follow-up at 3 months. The intervention was preventive and with 2 axis: one therapeutic (interpersonal group therapy with cognitive behavioral components) and another psychoeducational; it was implemented by the author through 20 biweekly sessions of 3h each, plus an additional follow-up session. There was a significant decrease (P<.05) in symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depression, burnout and anxiety, a change that remained stable for the 2 first variables after 3 months. In conclusion, the group intervention was efficient and specific to reduce key symptoms of burnout in professionals who experience high levels of work stress.

Burnout syndrome and coping strategies in Portuguese oncology health care providers.

Burnout is a multidimensional syndrome and includes symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment at work. Oncology health care providers are at high risk to develop symptoms of burnout because of work-related stressors. Adaptive coping strategies adopted to deal with stressors may prevent the development of burnout. The present study aims to assess the association between burnout, functional coping strategies, and occupational factors in a sample of oncology providers, mostly nurses. Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Problem Solving Inventory "Inventário de Resolução de Problemas" were administered. Descriptive, correlational, and linear regression analyses were performed. The study showed that emotional exhaustion correlated with lower levels of adaptive coping, less years of experience in Oncology, and a greater amount of hours worked per week. Personal accomplishment was associated with the adaptive coping strategies. No further statistically significant associations were identified. Our findings support the importance of adaptive coping strategies in order to prevent symptoms of burnout when health professionals face potentially stressful occupational factors. Training aimed at improving adaptive coping skills may prevent burnout syndrome for health care professionals working in Oncology.

The role of personal resources in the relationship between job stressors and emotional exhaustion

AbstractOur study was designed to examine an individuals’ affective traits (i.e., dispositional affectivity and emotional intelligence) and job stressors (i.e., interpersonal conflicts, quantitative workload and organizational constraints) on emotional exhaustion. One hundred and fifty-three employees participated in our study. All of them worked in teams and their job required face-to-face contacts with clients. Our main hypothesis was that emotional intelligence acts as a moderator in the relationship between job stressors and emotional exhaustion. The results indicate that employees who report more interpersonal conflicts at work, greater quantitative workloads and greater organizational constraints also report more symptoms of emotional exhaustion. Moreover, the results show that all three stressors were significant as predictors of emotional exhaustion beyond the employee’s dispositional affectivity. The moderating effect of emotional intelligence was observed in the relationship between interpersonal conflicts at work and emotional exhaustion. The relationship between interpersonal conflicts and emotional exhaustion was observed only among employees who were low in emotional intelligence. In contrast, interpersonal conflicts and emotional exhaustion were unrelated among employees who were high in emotional intelligence. The results are discussed from the Job Demands–Resources model perspective.

Prevention of study-related stress symptoms: health-promoting behavior among dental students.

Training to become a dentist is one of the most demanding professional education experiences. There are very few studies on strategies and activities to cope with study-related stress during dental training. We therefore evaluated the prevalence of burnout symptoms and coping activities among dental students. A cross-sectional survey was performed analyzing a sample of 239 dental students from Germany. Students were asked to complete a survey containing questions about burnout symptoms and coping behavior. A total of 38% of the dental students perceived symptoms of emotional exhaustion; 17% reported symptoms of personal accomplishment and 11% perceived scores of depersonalization. Students reported on coping activities, ranging from health-promoting techniques, such as exercising, to less recommendable health harming relaxation strategies, such as taking drugs. Our results indicate the need for relevant health promotion and may aid decision makers in developing health promotion programs.

Burnout and quality of life among orthopaedic trainees in a modern educational programme: importance of the learning climate.

We aimed to determine quality of life and burnout among Dutch orthopaedic trainees following a modern orthopaedic curriculum, with strict compliance to a 48-hour working week. We also evaluated the effect of the clinical climate of learning on their emotional well-being. We assessed burnout, quality of life and the clinical climate of learning in 105 orthopaedic trainees using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, linear analogue scale self-assessments, and Dutch Residency Educational Climate Test (D-RECT), respectively. A total of 19 trainees (18%) had poor quality of life and 49 (47%) were dissatisfied with the balance between their personal and professional life. Some symptoms of burnout were found in 29 trainees (28%). Higher D-RECT scores (indicating a better climate of learning) were associated with a better quality of life (r = 0.31, p = 0.001), more work-life balance satisfaction (r = 0.31, p = 0.002), fewer symptoms of emotional exhaustion (r = -0.21, p = 0.028) and depersonalisation (r = -0,28, p = 0.04). A reduced quality of life with evidence of burnout were still seen in a significant proportion of orthopaedic trainees despite following a modern curriculum with strict compliance to a 48-hour working week. It is vital that further work is undertaken to improve the quality of life and reduce burnout in this cohort.