Symbolic Significance Research Articles

Voices from Margin: Theoretical Insights into Kaiser Haq's Ode on the Lungi

This article investigates into Kaiser Haq’s poetic masterpiece, “Ode on the Lungi”, exploring its theoretical underpinnings and critical insights. The study employs a multidimensional approach, integrating postcolonial theories, literary analysis, and socio-cultural inquiry to unravel the symbolic significance of the lungi as a representation of subaltern voices. Haq strategically uses the lungi to challenge power imbalances, resist sartorial hegemony, and advocate for sartorial equality in the face of globalization. The research method includes qualitative analysis, theoretical engagement, and empirical evidence, aligning with postcolonial scholars such as Gramsci and Guha. The article underscores the poem’s role in breaking down divisive dichotomies and promoting democratic ideals. Through theoretical insights and close textual analysis, the study explores how the lungi, as a symbol of the underclass, resists aggressive modernism, demanding equal standing in the postcolonial and globalized reality. The poet’s call for “sartorial equality” transcends fashion, becoming a rallying cry for broader societal equality and recognition of marginalized voices. The research concludes by positioning Haq’s “Ode on the Lungi” as a powerful articulation of the subaltern voice within the complexities of postcolonial discourse.

Il disegno dei sogni

This article explores the multifaceted concept of dreams within the context of contemporary art. It examines how the term "dream" is interpreted and represented by different artists and their works, specifically in the exhibition "Dream: Art Meets Dreams" curated by Danilo Eccher. The exhibition is described as an allegorical journey into the deepest parts of the human soul, touching on desires, expectations, and fears. It showcases how dreams serve as a channel to access the unconscious and spiritual dimensions, influenced by Freudian thought. The article also delves into historical perspectives on dreams, from Plato to modern neuropsychology, and how these perspectives shape our understanding of dreams as both a personal and universal phenomenon. Through the analysis of various artworks and artistic approaches, the article highlights the ongoing dialogue between dream imagery and its aesthetic and symbolic significance in both historical and contemporary contexts.

아브젝트 개념으로 접근한 ‘무진’이라는 공간의 상징성

Kim Seung-ok's “Record of a Journey to Mujin” is a successful work to the extent that it has been adapted into a film among his many works. Along with this, “Record of a Journey to Mujin” is actively discussed among his works. Within it, various studies have been conducted on the symbolism of the space due to the uniqueness and imaginative nature of the space called 'Mu-jin.' Particularly noteworthy is that although the title of Record of a Journey to Mujin” includes the word 'journey' as a clue, it shows a different form from conventional travel novels. There are also studies suggesting that the space called 'Mu-jin' is not a space existing in reality but holds symbolic significance as a space that contrasts with Seoul. Among these, noteworthy are studies that adopt Lacan's concepts of the imaginary and symbolic orders. These studies analyze 'Mu-jin' as an imaginary or real space contrasting with 'Seoul,' an existing space symbolized by the symbolic order. In this paper, adopting these two perspectives, we will posit 'Seoul,' existing in contrast to 'Mu-jin,' as the symbolic order. However, there are aspects of the characteristics of the space called 'Mu-jin' that cannot be accommodated solely by Lacan's concepts of the imaginary and real orders. Therefore, by expanding and reinterpreting Lacan's studies from a feminine perspective, adopting Kristeva's concept, we aim to present 'Mu-jin' as a gathering of abjects placed in opposition to 'Seoul,' symbolized as a symbolic order, forming a 'semiotic system.'

‘The bit of bread, the draught of coffee’: Food Imagery in Jane Eyre

Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre (1847) foregrounds the subject of food, depicting the material culture of mid-Victorian society. The text is rife with alimentary imagery and metaphors. Each section of the novel explores different aspects of food, hunger and privation, drawing upon food motifs in varying degrees to map out the heroine’s development into a moral agent. In general, food discourse tends to elucidate the major themes of the novel: childhood trauma; identity formation; education and discipline; love, marriage and sexuality. The novel thus suggests that the issue of food is associated with a wide range of human experience. It engages the reader to critically reappraise food and its consumption, seemingly a banal practice of everyday life, which resonates with material, symbolic and socio-cultural significance.

Trees in Lao Myths and Beliefs: Roles and Symbolic Ecological Meanings through the Aspects of Folklore

This paper aims to analyze the roles and symbolic ecological significance of tree motifs as depicted in Lao myths and beliefs, derived from both literary and oral traditions. The study applies the concept of roles and symbolic ecological meanings within a folkloric framework for its analysis and interpretation. The findings indicate that tree motifs in Lao myths and beliefs encompass four primary roles and symbolic ecological meanings: first, as representations of the universe and life; second, as symbols of humanity and the supernatural; third, as embodiments of fertility and prosperity; and fourth, as representations of the Buddha and the principles of Buddhist teachings. We argue that the roles and symbolic ecological meanings of trees are intricately connected to the social and cultural dimensions in both profane and sacred senses, reflecting the thought systems of the people. This connection illustrates the worldview, values, and social ideology of Laos in a compelling manner.

Optimism Bias Among Gun Owners: Associations With Firearm Injury Prevention Practices and Policy Support.

Optimism bias is common across health risk assessments, including firearm injury risk, and can have behavioral consequences. Using data from the 2018 California Safety and Wellbeing Survey, we examine whether optimism bias influences firearm injury prevention practices and policy support by comparing the characteristics, behaviors, and opinions of gun owners who believed having a gun at home is comparatively safer for themselves than for similar others (Optimism Bias group) with (1) those who unequivocally believe guns increase safety for themselves and others (Always Safer group), and (2) those who said they "don't know" or "it depends" in both the self and other scenarios (Uncertain group). Weighted multinomial logistic regression results indicated that gun owners in the Optimism Bias group were more often female, members of minoritized racial or ethnic groups, and new gun owners than the Always Safer and Uncertain groups; they also demonstrated greater support for 4 of 5 firearm injury prevention policies/interventions. Despite similar prevalence of owning a gun for protection, gun owners in the Optimism Bias group less often carried a loaded firearm or stored a gun in an unsecure way compared with the Always Safer group. Findings suggest that gun owners characterized by optimism bias, who acknowledged some risk associated with firearms, even if only or more so for others than for themselves, may represent a "movable middle" that is more receptive to firearm injury prevention efforts. Public health messages emphasizing other-oriented (vs. personal) risk and collective responsibility may be perceived as less threatening to the symbolic significance of guns to individual identity, thus enhancing effectiveness.

Numbers and emotions in the governance of the Covid-19 datademic.

There is a rich body of literature on numbers as tools of governance. But the attention of the corpus in question is almost entirely on the rational properties of quantification. This article shows that government by numbers is also, and inseparably, a government by feelings. The Covid-19 pandemic was also a datademic in the sense that numbers populated and spread through the public sphere. We focus on three cases. Death tolls were associated with fear, immunization rates were linked to hope, and the threshold of 100,000 deaths was credited with symbolic significance. This article, based on the French case, examines how data like these, frequently perceived as objective evidence, can at the same time be a source of emotional engagement and, as such, be used to inform modes of public governance in times of crises.

Tourism and Tradition: How Community-Based and Ethnic Tourism Are Reshaping Chin Traditional Tattoos in Myanmar

In response to the increasing interest in local cultures and the preservation of heritage, the tourism industry has evolved beyond traditional leisure and recreation activities. This evolution has led to a surge in initiatives aimed at safeguarding the cultural identity, heritage, and traditions of developing nations. In the context of chin state in Myanmar, the resurgence of tradtitional face tattoos, onece less prevelent, can be attributed to the rising tourism activity in the region. This study hightights how facial tattors have been commercialized within the tourism sector, influenced by religious and ethnic dynamics. The commodification of these facila tattoos has paradoxically contributed to the preservation of this cultural practice among the Chin tribes by imbuing it with symbolic significance in the realm of ethnic tourism. Moreover, the processes of ethnic tourism have played a crucial role in reviving indigenenous knnowledge and promoting cultural sustainability in Myanmar.By intertwining tourism initiatives with the preservation of cultural heritage, ethnic tourism has emerged as a vehicle for revitalizing traditional practices and forstering a deeper appreciation for the cultural identity of the chin tribes. This intertwining of tourism and cultural sustainability underscores the importance of ethnically engaging with local communties and traditions to ensure the authenticity and longevity of cultural heritage in the face of evolving tourism landscapes.

Symbology and Codes in Dan Brown’s Origin

This paper explores the intricate web of symbology and codes found within Dan Brown's gripping novel, Origin. As a renowned master of blending history, art, science and religion, Brown weaves a tale that captivates readers with a labyrinth of symbols and enigmatic ciphers. Through an analysis of key elements in the narrative, this study aims to shed light on the significance of symbolism and cryptographic puzzles as essential devices in the plot's development. Drawing upon Brown's signature writing style, the paper examines the role of religious symbology, ancient texts and iconic art and architecture, intertwining them with scientific theories to craft a compelling narrative. The central focus lies in the protagonist, Robert Langdon, a symbologist, whose expertise in languages and linguistics plays a pivotal role in deciphering messages and solving the mystery at hand. Jean Moréas' Symbolist Manifesto (1886) is a foundational text in the development of literary symbolism. In this manifesto, Moréas emphasized the importance of symbolism in art and literature, advocating for a departure from naturalism and realism. He proposed that artists should focus on conveying emotions and ideas through symbols, rather than direct representation. Applying Moréas' theory of symbolism, the researcher analyzes how Dan Brown employs symbols and codes as key elements in Origin. By analyzing the relationship between language and technological innovation, the study aims to unveil how these elements converge to heighten the intrigue and suspense in the novel. It delves into the significance of linguistic techniques and cryptic passages, as tools for building suspense and enriching the reading experience. Langdon reveals meanings and ideas inherent in symbols and codes and demystifies the concepts- "Where do we come from?" and "Where are we going?"

EARTHEN ART - THE CERAMIC HERITAGE OF NEOLITHIC KASHMIR

Neolithic art marks a turning point in the evolution of human culture, from roving hunter-gatherer cultures to permanent agricultural settlements. This change aided in the development of new technology, social structures, and most significantly, the advancement of art and craftsmanship. Because of its practical and ceremonial applications, pottery-making emerged as a prominent craft. This essay investigates the evolution of art throughout the Neolithic era, concentrating on the techniques, styles, and cultural significance of pottery manufacture. The art of the ceramic heritage of Neolithic Kashmir represents a significant aspect of the Kashmir's early human history, showcasing the development of pottery and earthen art from the Neolithic period. This heritage is not just a testament to the artistic skills of ancient peoples but also provides insights into their daily lives, societal structures, and interactions with the environment. Neolithic sites in Kashmir have yielded a wealth of pottery pieces, characterized by their fine finishes, intricate designs, and functional forms. These artefacts indicate a high level of craftsmanship and an understanding of ceramic technologies that were advanced for their time. The pottery often features geometric patterns, animal figures, and other motifs that may have held cultural or symbolic significance. The earthenware from Neolithic Kashmir is typically made from locally sourced clay, shaped by hand or with simple tools, and then fired in kilns or open fires to achieve durability. The variety of forms—from storage jars and cooking pots to bowls and plates - suggests a diversified use in daily activities such as food preparation, storage, and consumption. These ancient ceramics also provide evidence of trade and cultural exchange. Variations in styles and techniques between different sites within the region, and similarities with pottery found in other parts of South Asia, suggest that Neolithic communities in Kashmir were not isolated but part of a broader network of interaction. The study of Neolithic Kashmir's ceramic heritage is crucial for archaeologists and art historians as it helps reconstruct the lifestyles, technological advancements, and aesthetic sensibilities of early societies in the region. Additionally, it underscores the importance of preserving such art and skill at the archaeological sites, which face threats from environmental factors, urban development, and illicit trafficking.

The Symbol of The Divine Eye in Caodaism

Caodaism is an indigenous religion that originated in the southern region of Vietnam in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Caodaism was formed through creative adaptation, selectively incorporating elements from existing major religions and indigenous beliefs within the community to develop its own distinct doctrine. The devotees of Caodaism worship the Divine eye (Heavenly Eye) as a symbol of the Divine, the Highest God (also known as Cao Đài Tiên Ông Đại Bồ Tát Ma Ha Tát), who is revered as the supreme ruler over all gods, saints, immortals, Buddhas, and the creator of the universe. In this article, the author will delve deep into researching the significance of the Divine eye symbol in Caodaism, shedding light on the religious teachings from an anthropological perspective on symbolism.

THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF THE MUNGGAH MOLO TRADITION IN SUMUB LOR VILLAGE, SRAGI DISTRICT, PEKALONGAN DISTRICT

Many people should be aware of the munggah molo tradition. The purpose of this study is to characterize the structure, significance, and use of the munggah molo tradition. An technique based on folklore is employed in this study. Qualitative descriptive research methodology was employed in this study. The findings of this study demonstrate that the Sumub Lor Hamlet inhabitants follow the Munggah Molo custom, which has been passed down from generation to generation, when building a dwelling. Processions such pitung (calculating good time), munggah molo (raising the highest wood to support the roof), and sitting batur (building foundations) are part of this custom. Every step reflects thanksgiving and a plea for salvation, and has a profound spiritual and symbolic significance. A harmonious life for the occupants of the new residence is also hoped for, together with blessings of good fortune. The walimahan procession, a group prayer for the protection and blessings of the newly constructed house, marks the conclusion of the custom.

DEVOTIONAL POETRY IN TECHNICAL MANUSCRIPT TERMINOLOGY: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ROSE GARDEN OF PURITY (GOLZĀR-E ṢAFĀ)

Among the wide variety of Persian manuscript categories, there is a distinctive genre that includes recipes on materials and technics of manuscript production. And within this genre, we come across distinctly interesting works that adopt charming romantic poetry to record subjects that are rather dull, dry, and unattractive to the general audience! One of such historical sources is a sixteenth century manuscript entitled Rose Garden of Purity (Golzār-e Ṣafā) by ʿAlī Ṣayrafī, preserved in Paris Central Library. The subject of this research is the manuscript’s impressive Preface in which the poet expresses his sincere devotion to his Creator, and begs for forgiveness – all in melodious poetic language, using technical manuscript terms, colors and pigments as symbols and metaphors. The essay provides an opening remark entitled ‘Manuscripts on Manuscript Production’ followed by and introduction to the manuscript of ‘Golzār-e Ṣafā (Rose Garden of Purity). The little knowledge extracted about ʿAlī Ṣayrafī from the manuscript is shared under ‘The Author-cum-Poet.’ ‘Preface with 12 Couplets’ is the focal point of the essay; there the 12 couplets (24 hemistiches) are presented in the original language (Farsi/Persian) along with an English translation that is published here for the first time. A detailed analysis of technical terms used in the Preface, and an elaboration of their symbolic significance, is presented under ‘Expression of Devotion in Technical Manuscript Vocabulary.’

A CASE STUDY OF FOUR-SYLLABLE IDIOMS IN KOREAN AND VIETNAMESE THAT REFLECT COGNITION OF LIFE AND HUMANS

Four-syllable idioms represent a unique linguistic phenomenon, serving as a hallmark of cultural expression within the languages of various nation. This article delves into the meanings of four-syllable idioms in Korean, focusing specifically on how their cultural semantics- particularly in relation to cognitive culture surrounding life and humans - differ from those in Vietnamese. By analyzing the meaning of these idioms meanings and comparing the cultural narratives they encapsulate, we can identify and explain the similarities and differences in which Korean and Vietnamese perspectives on life and human nature are reflected through these linguistic expressions. The study of cultural semantics is enriched by the diverse idioms present in both Korean and Vietnamese, illustrating distinct worldviews and human attributes such as appearance, personality, and other qualities. While it is beyond the scope of this article to conduct a comprehensive semantic analysis of all such idioms, we will explore a selection of typical and representative four-syllable idioms that highlight similarities or shared meanings between the two languages, analyzing both their literal and symbolic significances.

Pierced, looped and framed: the (re)use of gold coins in jewellery in sixth‐ and seventh‐century England

The early medieval coin‐using economy is traditionally conceptualized as a masculine sphere with minimal female involvement. This article examines a corpus of 135 gold and pale gold coins of the later sixth and seventh centuries that underwent modification as coin‐pendants, a form of jewellery that belongs almost exclusively to feminine contexts. Analysis of this corpus reveals that these coins were valued as coins, with their attendant symbolic and economic significance, and that this transformation into jewellery did not irreversibly remove them from circulation, offering important evidence for female engagement in the seventh‐century coin‐based economy.

Crafting illusions: Human-made composite coating used to simulate amber beads in prehistoric Iberia

The discovery of a set of beads, comprising both Sicilian amber and resin-coated beads in the Middle Bronze Age burial site of Cova del Gegant (Sitges, Barcelona, Spain), has sparked inquiries into whether the coating was intended for imitation or counterfeiting of amber. We assert that human-made materials, such as bead coatings, are intentionally conceived, designed, and crafted to fulfill specific functions. Thus, for an object to effectively fulfill its intended purpose, it must meet particular performance criteria influenced by situational factors.This paper aims to construct an empirically grounded narrative elucidating the development and function of resin-coated bead technology. Our methodology includes a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the coating and beads, an exploration of the interplay between technical choices and situational factors, and an investigation into whether the simulation of sensory performance characteristics played a pivotal role in the concept and design of resin-coated beads. Additionally, we synthesize data to unveil broader patterns related to the crafting and utilization of resin-coated and amber beads across time and space.We have documented resin-coated beads in the Iberian Peninsula from the Neolithic period (5th to 3rd millennia BCE) until at least the Middle Bronze Age (first half of the 2nd millennium BCE), where they coexisted with amber beads. Analysis employing ATR-FTIR and μ-CT imaging has revealed a composite coating comprising pine resin, beeswax, and carotene, adhered to shell beads with bone glue. This composite material represents the earliest known development in human history, unique to the Iberian Peninsula and without parallel in Prehistoric Europe.Our examination of the performance characteristics and functional roles of resin-coated beads suggests their potential as substitutes for amber beads, particularly in regions where amber was scarce or inaccessible. Despite being crafted from commonplace materials, these coated beads exhibit intentional design choices likely aimed at simulating the visual performance characteristics of amber. This deliberate effort, alongside their widespread distribution across time and space, indicates that composite-coated beads held symbolic and social significance akin to amber beads.

자연 이미지를 활용한 헤어디자인 제안 연구

In October 2022, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea confirmed that school regulations regarding hair length infringe upon students’ rights. Back in 1982, the Ministry of Education introduced ‘Hairdo Freedom’. Since then, the regulations have been adjusted in response to social changes. Nonetheless, witnessing such regulations being lifted remains exceptional. In fact, there have been various discussions regarding regulations for employees as well as students. These changes indicate that our society has transitioned from an era of ‘respect for human rights’ to an era of ‘respect for individuality’. The respect for individuality forms the foundation for the ground for the growth of beauty industry. This necessitates a high level of professionalism in each field because consumers seek out experts who can distinguish themselves with unique styling skills and expertise. Consequently, beauty corporations have strived to introduce new styles on a quarterly or annual basis, while small businesses have also been releasing their own styles. In this new era of information and communications technology (ICT), consumers access information about these experts through their mobile devices. Therefore, it is the right time to develop new and creative ideas to effectively respond to such changes. Throughout the extensive history of art, nature has served as a focal point for aesthetic inspiration. In fact, it holds great symbolic significance as an art motif in design because it offers a wealth of unique images that can inspire people to create imaginative artworks. These days, the trend-sensitive beauty industry has experienced an increase in demand for distinctive and creative designs. Given these circumstances, it seems that nature could serve as a creative and distinctive source of inspiration. Therefore, this study proposes practical hairstyles inspired by such natural images.

Non-Verbal Communication in Indian Classical Dance Forms

This study delves into the intricate world of non-verbal communication within the rich mosaics of the Indian classical dance forms. The statement quoted by Noam Chomsky, “Language is not an inborn quality, it is creative and acquired”. The objective of this research is to analyse and focus on the need for humans to communicate, that too using non-verbal communication. Dance will not be relegated to simply a performance genre but will be treated as an essential ingredient of life. The focus would be on identifying the non-verbal elements of the dance that would communicate not just the stories but also social messages if needed through the gestures and other elements in Indian Classical Dance Forms. For this analysis, the researcher has considered, Bharatanatyam, Kuchipudi, Mohiniyattam, and Kathakali, the dance forms that trace their origin to the southern states of India namely, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, combining elements of anthropology and performing arts to unravel the communicative nuances in the intricate hand gestures, facial expressions, body postures, and rhythmic footwork inherent in Indian classical dances. By examining the symbolism and cultural significance of gestures (mudras), the utilization of facial expressions (abhinaya), and the synchronization of movements with musical rhythms, the research seeks to unveil the deeper layers of communication that lie beneath the surface of these mesmerizing performances.

Genome-wide identification of starch phosphorylase gene family in Rosa chinensis and expression in response to abiotic stress

Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis) is an important ornamental plant, with economic, cultural, and symbolic significance. During the application of outdoor greening, adverse environments such as high temperature and drought are often encountered, which affect its application scope and ornamental quality. The starch phosphorylase (Pho) gene family participate in the synthesis and decomposition of starch, not only related to plant energy metabolism, but also plays an important role in plant stress resistance. The role of Pho in combating salinity and high temperature stress in R. chinensis remains unknown. In this work, 4 Phos from R. chinensis were detected with Pfam number of Pho (PF00343.23) and predicted by homolog-based prediction (HBP). The Phos are characterized by sequence lengths of 821 to 997 bp, and the proteins are predicted to subcellularly located in the plastid and cytoplasm. The regulatory regions of the Phos contain abundant stress and phytohormone-responsive cis-acting elements. Based on transcriptome analysis, the Phos were found to respond to abiotic stress factors such as drought, salinity, high temperature, and plant phytohormone of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid. The response of Phos to abiotic stress factors such as salinity and high temperature was confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis. To evaluate the genetic characteristics of Phos, a total of 69 Phos from 17 species were analyzed and then classified into 3 groups in phylogenetic tree. The collinearity analysis of Phos in R. chinensis and other species was conducted for the first time. This work provides a view of evolution for the Pho gene family and indicates that Phos play an important role in abiotic stress response of R. chinensis.

Rethinking educational strategies through Bourdieu´s “trialectic” of space: insights from the Chilean case

ABSTRACT While educational decisions are considered a key mediator between residential and educational segregation, the role of spatial dimensions in the construction of educational strategies has been only recently studied. This article contributes to linking urban and educational research to examine decisions about schooling, using the case of Santiago, Chile. Empirical research included focus groups with parents and students at public and semi-public schools in four neighbourhoods of Santiago. We take a particular policy conjuncture, a progressive reform of the education system called the Inclusion Law, as a window to observe how educational decisions are anchored to spatial dimensions, and how a change in the “rules of the game” challenges families’ educational strategies. Using Bourdieu´s “trialectic” of space we show that the interplay and dynamic transposition of social, physical and symbolic dimensions of space contributes to the development of three educational strategies spanning across different neighbourhoods. The article contributes to showing the differential role and value of each spatial dimension according to social class in all educational strategies. The resources that agents mobilise in the educational field are influenced by their particular positions in social space, the material conditions of the neighbourhoods they inhabit, as well as the symbolic significance they attribute to both schools and neighbourhoods. Finally, we suggest that the change in the rules of the educational game elicits resistances because the positions that agents occupy in all three spaces remain unaltered by the new regulatory framework.