Symbolic Analysis Research Articles

Methods of teaching graphic-symbolic analysis in the literary and cultural-historical context of the 20th century (in terms of the novel ‟The Master and Margarita” by Mikhail Bulgakov)

The paper discusses the methodology for teaching graphic-symbolic analysis in the literary and cultural-historical context of the 20th century in terms of the novel ‟The Master and Margarita” by Mikhail Bulgakov. This method of analysis is an effective method of teaching oral monologue speech to foreign students. The purpose of this study is to develop the oral coherent speech of foreign students with the help of a graphical and symbolic analysis of the text of the novel ‟The Master and Margarita”. The set goal involves solving the following tasks: to help students from China understand the artistic features of the works by Mikhail Bulgakov, to acquire the skills of literary text analysis and, in general, to study Russian literature more deeply. The material of the presented study can be used in the preparation of training courses designed to teach the Russian language and literature to Chinese students, as well as in the development of special courses on the specifics of literature. The research methods were chosen in accordance with the object of study, its subject, purpose and objectives, our methodology is based on the use of practice-oriented provisions of semiotics, artistic and graphic-symbolic analysis of the text and the introduction of a new concept of ‟sign word” into the system of dictionary work. This study determines the effectiveness of using the method of teaching graphic-symbolic analysis in the educational process at different stages of teaching literature and the Russian language to foreign students. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of materials relating to the peculiarities of the perception of Russian fiction by native speakers of the Chinese language. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the study of the specifics of Russian works and language in the aspect of Russian as a foreign language. The practical significance lies in the prevention of lexical and grammatical errors when using the Russian language and semantic errors in the analysis of Russian literature.

Correlations for prediction of hydrogen gas viscosity and density for production, transportation, storage, and utilization applications

Accurate determination of hydrogen transport properties is essential for hydrogen production, transportation, storage, and utilization. Different Equations of State (EoS) are commonly used to calculate hydrogen thermophysical properties. However, EoS approaches are usually implicit and require numerous calculations and could be very time consuming. Therefore, the end users often desire the predictions of thermophysical properties using simple empirical correlations, which can be considered a practical solution to reduce the computational burden of EoS calculations. This study presents new explicit empirical correlations using symbolic regression analysis of available experimental data to calculate hydrogen viscosity and density. The developed viscosity correlation provides accurate predictions over the temperature range of 100–2130 K for dilute gas and 14 (H2 triple point) −1000 K for hydrogen gas up to 220 MPa. The results show an average absolute deviation (AAD) of 1.06% in the predicted gas viscosity, with the largest deviation in the vicinity of the critical point. The dilute gas viscosity was also predicted with an AAD of 0.467%. The density correlation represents a high prediction accuracy with an AAD of 0.26% over the temperature and pressure ranges of 150–423 K and 0.1–220 MPa, respectively. The developed correlations offer a higher prediction accuracy and find applications in hydrogen production, transportation, storage, and utilization value chain.

Obtaining Information Leakage Bounds via Approximate Model Counting

Information leaks are a significant problem in modern software systems. In recent years, information theoretic concepts, such as Shannon entropy, have been applied to quantifying information leaks in programs. One recent approach is to use symbolic execution together with model counting constraints solvers in order to quantify information leakage. There are at least two reasons for unsoundness in quantifying information leakage using this approach: 1) Symbolic execution may not be able to explore all execution paths, 2) Model counting constraints solvers may not be able to provide an exact count. We present a sound symbolic quantitative information flow analysis that bounds the information leakage both for the cases where the program behavior is not fully explored and the model counting constraint solver is unable to provide a precise model count but provides an upper and a lower bound. We implemented our approach as an extension to KLEE for computing sound bounds for information leakage in C programs.

Automatic generation of macromodels and design equations for application to Op Amp design

SummaryOperational amplifier (Op Amp) is a special class of analog integrated circuits. Multiple‐stage Op Amp design is of particular interest recently. However, analysis of this class of circuits has to be done manually and requires advanced skills. Automatic analysis of this class of circuits is studied in this paper, which takes a novel approach by circuit recognition and symbolic generation. Circuit recognition is deterministic, implemented by deterministic circuit partitioning and functional block extraction methods. Symbolic analysis of extracted circuit blocks can subsequently be performed with greatly reduced complexity while generated models and equations bear more useful information for circuit design. Symbolic results so generated can be applied in design space exploration, including tasks like finding the limitation in circuit topology, conducting initial sizing, and determining performance tradeoffs. This paper proposes the key algorithms for realizing the recognition of a few well‐known functional blocks frequently used in CMOS Op Amp circuits and further explores the possibility of using the recognized circuit cells in combination with the gm/ID method for circuit sizing. Preliminary tests show that this approach is a potential candidate for locating the performance boundaries of multiple‐stage Op Amps.

Symbolism of Classical Color Triad in Siegfried Lipiner’s Poem “Freed Prometheus”

The question of the relationship between the motive series of the poem “Freed Prometheus” (1876) by the Austrian writer Siegfried Lipiner (1856—1911) and the symbolism of the classical color triad is considered. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that the analysis of the symbolism of color in Lipiner’s lyrics is carried out for the first time in Russian literary criticism. It is noted that the Austrian context of the 1870—1880s correlates with the symbolism of color in world literature. A selective review of the evolution of color and motif from the early Middle Ages to the turn of the 19th—20th centuries is made. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of the color symbols of Lipiner’s poem with the elements of the color triad in Dante’s Divine Comedy, as well as the treatise “Theory of Colours” by Goethe. Red and yellow (golden) tones of the color triad are presented as dominant. It is shown that the symbolism of the red color in the poem “Freed Prometheus” is interconnected, first of all, with the leitmotif of the Promethean fire, which determines the relevance of the study: the theme of the Promethean fire is actively studied in modern Western literary criticism. It is proved that the symbolism of the classical color triad has a significant impact on the motifs of Lipiner’s lyrical work.

A Semiotic Analysis of Diary of a Wimpy Kid Movie Posters

This research is a descriptive qualitative research on semiotic field. The subiect of this research is a poster series of Diary of a Wimpy Kid, a movie adaptation of the same title semi-animated children book by Jeff Kinney. The data consists of a teaser poster and a theatrical poster of the movie film derived from Cinemags Movie Magazine and 20th Century Fox. This research aims to analyze semiotic signs from both posters by identifying icon, index, symbol, code, language, and myth following Saussure's, Peirce's, Danesi's, and Barthe's theories on Semotics. The result of the analysis presented 8 semiotic signs (4 on each poster) with the detailed analysis of signs, icon, index, symbol, code, and myth on each signs.

Effect of doxycycline in autonomic modulation of the heart, assessed by heart rate variability, in rats with myocardial infarction

Treatment with doxycycline (DOXI) reduces ventricular remodeling and decreases the susceptibility of arrhythmias after myocardial infarction (MI), probably due to its inhibitory effect on metalloproteinases, inflammatory mediators, and oxidative stress. We evaluated the effect of DOXI on heart rate variability (HRV) in rats with MI. Infarcted rats (coronary ligation) or control animals (sham-operated), were treated with DOXI (30 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 4 weeks (N=7-10/group). Rats were implanted with subcutaneous electrodes and, on the following day, had ECG recorded for 30 min. Series of RR intervals were generated to calculate HRV indices. DOXI-treated control rats had lower heart rate (HR) than vehicle-treated counterparts (327±7 vs. 352±7 bpm). Infarcted rats, treated or not, had similar heart rate (344±7 and 350±6 bpm). The standard deviation of RR intervals was similar among groups, but the differences between successive RR (RMSSD) were smaller in DOXI-treated sham-operated rats (4.0±0.5 vs. 6.3±0.9 ms). No differences were observed in RMSSD in rats with MI. Spectral analysis showed that the LF/HF ratio was lower in DOXI-treated control rats (0.32±0.05 vs. 0.62 ± 0.07). There was no difference in the LF/HF ratio in infarcted rats treated with DOXI or vehicle. The symbolic analysis, as described by Porta et al., showed a lower occurrence of 0V patterns (19±4 vs. 33±3%) and a higher 2UV (38±5 vs. 22±2%) in sham-operated rats that received DOXI. In rats with MI, DOXI symbolic indices were found to be similar. Our findings strongly suggest that 4-weeks of treatment with DOXI lead to a change in sympathovagal balance to the parasympathetic side. Curiously this effect was seen only in sham-operated but not in infarcted rats. Funding Sources: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estados de São Paulo - FAPESP, 2020/06043-7. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq, Process 306994/2021-6. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Ukrainian Poetic Sixties: Mykola Kholodnyi’s Creative Individuality

The article is devoted to the little-studied Ukrainian poet of the sixties, dissident M. Kholodnyi, his creative style, analysis of motifs, images, and symbols of lyrical heritage, and the phenomenon of creative individuality. Socio-political reflection of Ukrainian tragedies, the role of the artist and his work singled out among the motifs of his poetry. There are images of famous Ukrainian writers who are carriers of the code of national memory and help to shape the national consciousness of future generations. A separate block constitutes his intimate lyric poetry reflecting the various facets of the spiritual and corporeal together with emotions ranging from romantic to deeply sensual. It is noted that among the writers of the 60s generation, his poetry is distinguished by the presence of sharp satire and tragedy in depicting paradoxical and absurd Soviet reality.

A Cultural Analysis of Painted Canoe Symbols and Their Significance in the Fishing Acculturations of Axim and Winneba in Ghana

This study examined the symbols present on canoe paintings in the Axim and Winneba fishing communities located in the Western and Central Region of Ghana. The research approach employed was qualitative, using a descriptive research design. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and document reviews, with 25 participants providing insights into the phenomenon. The study found that the symbols on the canoes represented the owners' personal relationships and incorporated various art forms such as animals, human figures, multinational telecommunication networks, and football clubs. These images served multiple purposes, including physical protection, decoration, identification, sanitation, and conceptual representation. The researchers recommend that the Ghana Museums and Monument Board (GMMB), the Centre for National Culture, the Ministry of Tourism, as well as individuals and businesses in the tourism industry, should focus on the coastal areas and recognize the cultural significance of the canoe symbols present in the fishing communities of Ghana. By doing so, they can tap into the tourism potential of these areas and use them to attract visitors

Graphical User Interface for Design, Analysis, Validation, and Reporting of Continuous-Time Systems Using Wolfram Language

A graphical user interface presented is intended for fast design, symbolic analysis, accurate simulation, exact verification, and test report preparation. It helps to skip the gap between theory and practice in electrical engineering because the numeric analysis is usually approximate, and the power of symbolic systems has insufficient speed even, for simple engineering problems. The software is written using a computer algebra system that is free on small computers. The mathematical representation of the system can be obtained automatically from the schematic description. Further automated symbolic manipulations are possible according to the user’s aspirations.

Child of the Cranes

Abstract The monk-painter Sesshū Tōyō (1420–ca. 1506) is among the most heralded of Japanese artists. This reputation is due in large part to his heroization in art-historical texts of the early modern period. Earlier scholarly emphasis on Sesshū's artistic individualism has obscured our understanding of the professional nature of his activity as a painter in service to a regional military clan. This article reexamines Sesshū's career through consideration of the pair of folding screens known as Birds and Flowers of the Four Seasons. As the only firmly attributed painting in this format in the painter's oeuvre, Birds and Flowers offers illuminating insight into the ways in which Sesshū performed the role of painter-in-attendance for the Ōuchi clan. Sesshū's travel to China as part of an official diplomatic delegation in the fifteenth century was the most defining experience of the painter's career. In style and subject matter, Birds and Flowers provides insight into Sesshū's encounter with imperial painting at the Ming academy during this time. This symbolic analysis also offers a fresh approach to deciphering the heretofore mysterious patronage context surrounding the screens.

Feedback Coupling and Early Detection of Thermoacoustic Combustion Instability

We study the feedback coupling of thermoacoustic combustion instability from the viewpoint of a complex-systems approach, including the early detection of combustion instability. An upwardly traveling large-scale transverse vortex motion gives rise to large heat release rate fluctuations in the shear layer region between the inner and outer recirculation flows. The directional coupling from flow velocity to heat release rate fluctuations clearly appears near the rolled-up flame front generated by the developed transverse vortical structure. These events are strongly associated with the formation of a strong and local thermoacoustic power source cluster during combustion instability. A methodology combining symbolic dynamics-based analysis and a convolutional neural network enables the detection of a precursor of combustion instability.

Illustration of Religious Minority Symbols in Bollywood Films: A Descriptive & Semiotic Approach

Bollywood Cinema has extended fame on the global streets and gained enormous clout through its massive audience. This current research discovers the religious symbols in thirty Hindi Films with regard to the top three minorities in India i.e. Muslims, Christians, and Sikhs. The study theoretically connected with Pierce's theory of symbol and representation theory by Stuart Hall.Qualitative descriptive semiotic analysis was applied to identify the religious symbols and reveal the underlying meaning associated with the minority characters. The symbolic analysis exposed the agenda of the Bollywood films that the symbols associated with the three minor religions like Muslim beards, caps or veils and the concept of Jihad, Sikh turbans and Christian cross were represented in a distorted and negative way. The research is a humble opinion to provide more awareness of movie makers, directors, and producers toward minority religions before making films pertaining to religious minorities.

An Efficient Code-Embedding-Based Vulnerability Detection Model for Ethereum Smart Contracts

Efficient and convenient vulnerability detection for smart contracts is a key issue in the field of smart contracts. The earlier vulnerability detection for smart contracts mainly relies on static symbol analysis, which has high accuracy but low efficiency and is prone to path explosion. In this paper, the authors propose a static method for vulnerability detection based on deep learning. It first disassembles Ethereum smart contracts into opcode sequences and then converts the vulnerability detection problem into a natural language text classification problem. The word vector method is employed to map each opcode to a uniform vector space, and the opcode sequence matrix is trained by the TextCNN method to detect vulnerabilities. Furthermore, a code obfuscation method is given to enhance and balance the dataset, while three different opcode sequence generation methods are proposed to construct features. The experimental results verify that the average prediction accuracy of each smart contract exceeds 96%, and the average detection time is less than 0.1 s.

Mathematical Circuit Root Simplification Using an Ensemble Heuristic–Metaheuristic Algorithm

Symbolic pole/zero analysis is a crucial step in designing an analog operational amplifier. Generally, a simplified symbolic analysis of analog circuits suffers from NP-hardness, i.e., an exponential growth of the number of symbolic terms of the transfer function with the circuit size. This study presents a mathematical model combined with a heuristic–metaheuristic solution method for symbolic pole/zero simplification in operational transconductance amplifiers. First, the circuit is symbolically solved and an improved root splitting method is applied to extract symbolic poles/zeroes from the exact expanded transfer function. Then, a hybrid algorithm based on heuristic information and a metaheuristic technique using simulated annealing is used for the simplification of the derived symbolic roots. The developed method is tested on three operational transconductance amplifiers. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in achieving accurate simplified symbolic pole/zero expressions with the least complexity.

Symbols in hindu political communication by the governor of bali regarding pusat kebudayaan bali (symbolic convergence analysis)

In the news on Tempo.co Online Media on April 28, 2022, at 09.43 WIB with the title Towards a New Era of Bali, Built Cultural Center Areas, Governor of Bali for the 2018 – 2023 period, I Wayan Koster made several statements relating to Hindu political communication. In several accounts, the Governor of Bali, I Wayan Koster, used several symbols considered historical representations during the Hindu Gelgel Kingdom that are repeated in the present. In this study, researchers used a qualitative descriptive research method with an analysis of Symbolic Concentration Theory to analyze fantasy themes conveyed as symbols in political communications contained in the news. Based on the study, it can be stated that a fantasy theme correlates with the political communication goals of the Governor of Bali as a political communicator, namely Character, Plot, Place and Supporting Intermediaries. In this news, the Governor of Bali, I Wayan Koster, delivered rhetoric by using several symbols such as Raja Dalem Waturenggong (Character), the 500-year journey of the evolution of civilization in Bali since the time of the Gelgel Kingdom (Groove), Ex-Excavation Area C Gunaksa, Klungkung (Place), Concept Bali Padma Bhuwana, Bali Cultural Center Area, Monumental and historical masterpiece, new Economic Center, as well as a symbol of pride and happiness for Balinese people, and New Era of Balinese Civilization (Supporting Intermediaries). The use of this symbol aims to strengthen the political position of the Provincial Government of Bali, in this case, the leadership of the Governor of Bali, I Wayan Koster, through the achievements that have been achieved through the Development of the Bali Cultural Center which is located in Ex Excavation C, Gunaksa. Apart from that, the Governor of Bali's statement also aims to influence the Balinese people to unite in supporting government programs to realize harmonious social conditions following the Padma Bhuwana concept.

Exploring the Structure of IoT Data: A Symbolic Analysis Perspective

With the development of different kinds of techniques, especially the Internet of Things (IoT), a large amount of quantitative (either numeric or categorical) data have been generated, transmitted, and stored in the modern society. People hope to understand the interested phenomenon from the collected quantitative data by utilizing different data analysis methods. Exploring the structure of data (e.g., the cluster centers or prototypes) has always been a hot spot in the domain of data mining and knowledge discovery, yet it seems that the modeling and analyzing process still focus on a low-level abstraction of the data because normally, the structure found is only represented by some numeric data points. In this study, we highlight that a low-level abstraction may not be a user-friendly way for people to grasp the knowledge contained in the data. Instead, we explore the structure of the data from a perspective of symbolic analysis. Specifically, two modes of abstraction are proposed. In the vertical mode (i.e., values of each feature are abstracted), the numeric prototypes are characterized by the symbolic prototypes such that people could get rid of being stuck in minor details of each feature. In the horizontal mode (i.e., values of each prototype are abstracted), the linguistic summarization is used to describe all the features of each symbolic prototype such that people could immediately grasp the essential information conveyed in the symbolic prototype. We conduct comprehensive experimental studies on the publicly available data to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed symbolic analysis process.

“I ACKNOWLEDGE ONLY ONE BAPTISM FOR THE REMISSION OF SINS” AND REBAPTISM

The article starts from the situation of the rebaptism practiced by the Orthodox Church in Georgia and by other churches, as well as from the scarce attention given to the phenomenon in the ecumenical world, with the intention of reaffirm through the analysis of the first Christian symbols, the reflections of the fathers up to Augustine, theposition of the Roman Catholic Church and some ecumenical documents, the importance of the “I acknowledge only one baptism for theremission of sins”.

SAT-Reach : A Bounded Model Checker for Affine Hybrid Systems

Bounded model checking (BMC) is well-known to be undecidable even for simple hybrid systems. Existing work targeted for a wide class of non-linear hybrid systems reduces the BMC problem to the satisfiability problem of an satisfiability modulo theory formula encoding the hybrid system dynamics. Consequently, the satisfiability of the formula is deduced with a δ-decision procedure. However, the encoded formula can be complex for large automaton and for deep exploration causing the decision procedure to be inefficient. Additionally, a generalized decision procedure can be inefficient for hybrid systems with simple dynamics. In this article, we propose a BMC algorithm built upon the foundation of the counter example guided abstraction refinement (CEGAR) technique and targeted for hybrid systems with piecewise affine dynamics, modeled as a hybrid automaton. In particular, our algorithm begins by searching an abstract counterexample in the discrete state-space of the automaton. We check whether a discovered abstract counterexample is spurious or real by a two-tier refinement of the state-space guided by the abstract counterexample. The primary refinement is through symbolic reachability analysis and the following refinement is via a search of a real counterexample by the trajectory splicing method, guided in turn by the outcome of reachability analysis. We show that our algorithm reaps the benefits of the CEGAR technique by directing the exploration in the regions of interest and pruning search space that is irrelevant to the property under consideration. In addition, an optimization by memoizing the computed symbolic states during reachability analysis has been proposed for efficiency. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the tool SAT-Reach, and we compare its performance with dReach , XSpeed , Flow* , SpaceEx, and a pattern database heuristic-guided search algorithm. Experiments demonstrate the efficacy of our algorithm.

Images of the profession of pre-primary teacher in the drawings of Czech female student teachers

ABSTRACT A deeper understanding of the pre-primary teacher’s profession is made possible by the use of pictures in pedagogical research, i.e. the hermeneutic analysis of symbols visually representing this profession. The study seeks comprehension through quantification of the thematic motifs in the students’ pictures (n = 132) as well as a detailed qualitative analysis of selected artefacts (n = 8). An interesting tension arises from the juxtaposition of the authors’ descriptions and the expert team’s interpretations. Thus, aspects of the profession that are at first glance absent from the research, such as spirituality, love, atmosphere, colour, airiness and horizon, emerge.