Symbol Of Strength Research Articles

MORAL LESSONS AND VALUES IN UZBEK AND KOREAN FAIRY TALES: AN INSIGHT INTO CULTURAL BELIEFS

In recent years, Uzbek folklore has become increasingly interested in comparing it with the folklore of other peoples and nationalities. Comparing the features of a number of genres created at the stage of the nation’s literary development - fairy tales, epics, ritual folklore, this article is of great importance in establishing literary cooperation in the era of the Third Renaissance.The common features of Uzbek and Korean folklore genres are the presence of folk heroes and legends, who express courage and resourcefulness, and often go on epic journeys or quests. These heroes are revered in their cultures for their extraordinary qualities and deeds as symbols of strength and virtue

Research on the Sexualization or Empowerment of High-heeled Dancing on Social Media

With the rapid development of modern technology and the internet, social media has become the mainstream way to shape groups. Many people will express their ideas online, which can greatly affect their psychology and spirit. Heel dancing has evolved, incorporating different dance styles and cultural influences. In terms of high-heeled dancing, social media also became a hotbed of debate.This article delves into the sexualization of heel dance on social media platforms, highlighting the difficulties dancers, particularly women, encounter as their image shapes society's perceptions. By reviewing and analysing historical insights, we have revealed the social factors that contribute to this phenomenon. In addition, the paper aims to challenge stereotypes and regain the empowering narrative of heel dance as a symbol of strength and self-expression. According to the study, social media, pop culture, and fashion, whether heels dancing or its industry, empower women overall, portraying a powerful, free, and diverse female role. Therefore, eradicating negative comments and stereotypes about heels and other dances would be beneficial.

Sita: A symbol of Strength, Resilience, and Empowerment in The Forest of Enchantments

The epic, Ramayana is an enduring literary classic and serves as a guide for social practices, which have a great deal of influence even today. Ramayana is about satisfaction, sacrifice, honesty, and destruction of greed and indiscipline. The epic pictures the birth of goddess, Lakshmi as an avatar to rescue the earth and to destroy the evil kings, who plunder the resources and destroy life through bloody wars and evil conduct. Sita is one of the significant characters in the epic, Ramayana who is considered to be one of the Panchkanyas and respected as the epitome of all womanly virtues for Hindu women. Ramayana depicts women as warriors in domestic life and the novel, The Forest of Enchantments, depicts the incredible journey of women in a patriarchal society and pictures the struggle of modern women to achieve their identity in both their families and society. Chitra Banerjee in The Forest of Enchantments explores the characters of women and brings out their qualities like their moral strength and urges them to attain their destiny. The novel brings out the importance of women’s role in both their family and society.

MAKNA SIMBOLIS ORNAMEN PINTU BLEDEG MASJID AGUNG DEMAK

The current study aims to describe the symbolical meaning in the ornaments of “Bledeg” Doorof Demak Great Mosque viewed from three aspects, namely contour, content, and context. Theresults of the study demonstrate that analysed from the aspect of contour, ornaments of“Bledeg” Door consist of several parts, namely the crown, dragon head, and vase. There areseveral motifs originating from Majapahit, namely the “tumpal” motif and the use of SuryaMajapahit symbol stylized as dragon's eyes. The colors used are red, green, and white. Interms of content, the tumpal motif is a symbol of relationship of human beings with God, thecrown motif is a symbol of virtue, the dragon head motif is a symbol of strength in spreadinggoodness, the vase motif is a symbol of religion, and the floral plant motif is a symbol offertility, while the red, blue, and white colors symbolize safety. Viewed from the context, themyth of Ki Ageng Selo when catching lightning comes to light which is visualized into asymbolic ornament. The ornaments of “Bledeg” Door of Demak Great Mosque symbolizes therelationship between human beings and God signifying their privilege to spread God'steachings.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF SELECTED NATIONALIZED BANKS IN INDIA

The purpose of this study is to investigate the complex relationship between key profitability indicators and the performance of Indias top five nationalised banks according to Nifty PSU Bank Index are - State Bank of India (SBI), Bank of Baroda (BOB), Canara Bank (CB), Punjab National Bank (PNB), and Union Bank of India (UBI). The study is based on secondary data obtained from the Money Control Database of the respective banks. The study covers time duration of five years i.e., from 2018–19 to 2022–2023. Profitability ratios like Return on Equity (RoE), Return on Assets (RoA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) are utilized, along with statistical techniques, for analysis. The findings of the study reveal that the State Bank of India (SBI) stands out as a symbol of strength and stability with impressive returns. Union Bank of India (UBI) is still facing difficulties, therefore strengthening its deficiencies, and reducing performance variability would require concentrated effort. As Punjab National Bank (PNB) experiences financial downturns, it is imperative that corrective action be taken quickly. In this context, Bank of Baroda (BOB) exhibits a noteworthy Net Interest Margin (NIM), but Canara Bank (CB) encounters difficulties in this regard. KEYWORDS: Nationalized Banks, Financial Performance, Profitability Analysis.

One Man, Two Stories: The Differing Legacies of Rikidozan

Kim Sin-rak(November 14th, 1924- October 28th, 1963), better known as Rikidozan, is one of the most decorated professional wrestlers of all time. Born in the Northern part of Korea, he immigrated to Japan to become a sumo wrestler. Though he had some success in the world of sumo wrestling, his dispute with his stable master would lead to Rikidozan retiring from the sport to become a black marketeer and construction worker. His life would change after being recruited by American professional wrestler and promoter Bobby Bruns to come along on a wrestling tour of Japan. After this first tour was done, he left for the United States where his fame and popularity steadily grew. He was soon established as Japan's biggest professional wrestling star, defeating the imposing American wrestlers through sheer strength, tenacity, and sumo-based chops. At the time of Rikidozan's rise to superstardom, Japan was left reeling after surrendering to the United States in 1945. The Japanese people needed a hero, and Rikidozan became that hero. Millions of Japanese citizens crowded television screens in order to watch Rikidozan fight off American wrestlers, giving hope to a downtrodden nation. Rikidozan's storied career would leave behind a major impact on Japan, becoming the first postwar hero who embraced Japanese ideals. His foundation of the Japan Pro Wrestling Alliance in 1953 was the starting point for the establishment of puroresu, or Japanese pro wrestling. His JWA paved the way for companies like New Japan Pro Wrestling to become both a domestic and worldwide phenomenon. Japan was not the only country to have idolized Rikidozan as a national hero, however. Years after Rikidozan's death, North Korea claimed Rikidozan as their own national hero. Though Rikidozan lived life as a Japanese star, he was born as Kim Sin-rak, an ethnic North Korean. North Korea published multiple pieces of state propaganda re-writing the narrative of Rikidozan's career to fit the views of North Korea, to inspire their citizens to follow state teachings. Rikidozan was repackaged into a North Korean patriot who hated Japan and loved his home country, and had fought and dedicated his matches to the Supreme Leader Kim Il-sung. He did not simply defeat wrestlers, he had fought off almost mythical beings in American and Japanese wrestlers and became the symbol of strength and resillience in North Korea.This essay seeks to examine both of the differing stories told about Rikidozan's career, and contextualize them with their respective time period. Rikidozan's career in the Japanese telling is post-World War 2, while the North Korean telling lines up more accurately with the later half of the Cold War. Rikidozan's career is examined with an understanding of the ins and outs of professional wrestling and historical context behind the concurrent events during Rikidozan's career and the North Korean re-telling of that career.

Jaran Mbako

Jaran Mbako is on a journey, a form of survival and enthusiasm to maintain tobacco farming amid the problems experienced by tobacco farmers in Temanggung. rising tobacco prices, restrictions on supply in factories, uncertain seasons, fraudulent collectors, and anti-smoking advertisements that continue to be broadcast everywhere. The problems that arose made them more aggressive in fighting and maintaining tobacco farming. Because with tobacco, they can live. Tobacco is their breath. This study aims to determine the importance of tobacco farming among the people of Temanggung. The method used is the creation method with the principles of re-visiting, re-questioning, and re-interpreting with data collection techniques using an ethnographic approach. The results of this study are dance films based on motion, which are strengthened by editing and camera and audio details. Jaran movement as an inspiration and a symbol of strength and life Horses will live under any circumstances, just like tobacco farmers will live under any circumstances

SAIFUDDIN ZUHRI'S DAKWAH LEADERSHIP VALUES (Historical Analysis)

A leader is someone who can influence the thoughts, feelings and behavior of others, both individually and in groups with a view to achieving certain goals. The leader becomes a symbol of strength in achieving the goals of the community he leads. It is the leader who determines the direction of the life of the people he leads. The leadership crisis in Indonesia has become a phenomenal one. There is a side of people's life that contains problems and difficulties in fulfilling the needs of life. The problem of the crisis of trust in the leaders of the nation, the result of a mirror of behavior that is not commendable. In the midst of the struggles of modern society that dissolves with freedom and is free from religious control, the role of Islamic leadership and da'wah is increasingly needed and has a strategic position.
 This research is a literature research that uses a qualitative approach. The analysis used is historical analysis. In historical analysis, the data processing process is carried out in three stages, namely source collection (heuristics), source criticism and hysterography (historical writing). To strengthen the historical analysis, Paul Recaour's hermeneutic analysis model is also used. In historical analysis there are three things to consider, namely interpretation, explanation and exposition. All three were carried out together during the study. In carrying out this interpretation, Paul Recaur's hermeneutic analysis model is used which includes 3 things, namely exploring the meaning of the text contained in the expression or what is said, connecting the meaning of the text with reality; and connecting one text to another (intertextuality).
 From the results of the study it was found that Saifuddin Zuhri's leadership in da'wah was found in three aspects, namely leadership as a cleric and a fighter, as a politician and as a state official. As a scholar and fighter, he has consistency in the struggle for da'wah amar ma'ruf nahi munkar, is critical of the government and is passionate about upholding truth, honesty and justice. As a politician, he has the ability to compromise with groups with different political ideologies, be open, honest and use politics as a tool to fight for the aspirations of the people. As a state official, he makes his position a mandate and is played as a service to the state and nation.

THE MEANING OF DULANG DANCE SYMBOL FOR THE MALAY COMMUNITY ACCORDING TO THE SEMIOTIC THEORY OF FERDINAND DE SAUSSURE

The purpose of this study is to identify the meaning of the Dulang dance symbol based on its function in the Langkat Malay community according to the theory of Ferdinand de Saussure. This research uses qualitative methods with an ethnographic approach. Data collection techniques carried out in this study include observation, interviews and documentation. Researchers as instruments went directly to the field to make engaged or participatory observations to obtain data in the form of detailed descriptive information about the meaning of the Dulang dance symbol in Langkat Regency. Basically, Dulang has a variety of meanings that can be adapted to the function of the Dulang in Malay traditional activities. It can be concluded that the symbolic meaning in this study is that Dulang is a signifier in Dulang dance and other Malay traditional activities. The signified Dulang in Dulang dance and Malay traditional activities include as an expression of gratitude to God Almighty, a symbol of prosperity, and a symbol of strength and power. The existence of Dulang for the Malays, not only as a container or place to place objects or food, but Dulang has a meaning that is able to strengthen the bonds of brotherhood in the Malay community.

Образ медведя в чувашской культуре

The work is devoted to the study of the image of the bear in the Chuvash linguistic culture and aims to study its properties in the perception of the Chuvash people in a broad ethnographic aspect, including linguistic (etymological, onomastic), as well as folklore approaches. The material of the study was the texts of oral folk art and ethnographic developments containing information about bears. The author also refers to thematic developments in the field of Finno-Ugric studies, since the Finno-Ugric peoples are representatives of the forest culture, which invariably implies a significant participation of bears in their lives. The study is based on traditional methods: scientific understanding of oral folk art and analysis of ethnographic literature. The bear is a popular character in Chuvash folklore. At the same time, it does not have an unambiguous assessment in the Chuvash culture: the bear is an ingenuous creature, as a result of which it loses to a cunning person. At the same time, the Chuvash recognize the bear as a symbol of strength. Analogues in the perception of the bear are more likely to be traced in Russian linguistic culture than in the cultures of the Volga-Kama peoples, many of whom, primarily the Finno-Ugric peoples, recognize the bear as a totem animal. A number of Chuvash texts about bears are nomadic plots.

Mechanisms of designs inspired by nature and ways to develop them

Research in the field of biometric simulation is in the design of various and various industrial products, but it still needs new studies and research that are compatible with scientific and technological development, especially in the field of computing. Recognition, deduction, and simulation of nature, for example, the use of animal bones as tools in cutting, hunting or fighting, in addition to the use of animal drawings in cave drawings as symbols of strength, as well as dance movements and face painting to simulate the natural reality that surrounds humans. This trend developed to include simulation of nature in the formal and functional aspect to reach To vocabulary and solutions that help man in his daily life, the research problem is summarized in answering some questions, including what are the methods and methods that are used in bio-simulation and how to compare them, and is it possible to reach a new mechanism, but the objectives of the research were to reveal and compare the methodologies that address Biomimetics and the possibility of reaching a new mechanism in biomimetics. As for the research results, they were summarized as follows:1- There are a number of methodological approaches that describe the way in which biomimetics are solved.2- These methods only provide the way to achieve biomimetics, and their application is subject to the designer's direction and thinking.3- It is important to study the dynamic form in detail in order to get the basic idea of the design.

Wild Pig in the Traditional Worldview and Rituals of the Buryats

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to find out the complex of traditional ideas about the wild pig and its symbolism among the Buryats. Results. In the first part of the work, a comparative characteristic of wild and domestic pigs in the Buryat culture is carried out. Lexical materials indicate the common Mongolian origin of the main terms denoting wild and domestic pig. Based on the fact that the population of the Baikal region knew about the domestic pig from the Hunnic time, the ancestors of the Buryats could get information about this animal at a fairly early period of their history. It is indicated that the Buryats reflected the biological characteristics and behavior of wild and domestic pigs in the works of small genres of folklore. The negative characteristic of the domestic pig in the traditional worldview of the Buryats is emphasized in general. In the second part of the study, mythological views about the wild pig are isolated. It is noted that in the traditional representations of the Buryats, this animal appears as a totem or nurse of the progenitors. The symbolism and semantics of the boar are revealed, the connotation of this artiodactyl among the Buryats is determined. The third part of the article is devoted to identifying the image of a wild pig in the traditional ritual of the Buryats. The manifestations of the image of the boar in the traditional ritual of the Buryats are being clarified. The sacredness of his image is associated, in particular, with the apotropaic function of the animal’s head, especially its tusks. The main motives associated with the wild pig are determined. Conclusion. The study shows that in the traditional worldview of the Buryats, the image of a wild pig is polysemantic and has ambivalent connotations. Comparative characteristics of images of domestic and wild pigs in the culture of the Buryats revealed a different attitude towards them. Based on the analysis of Buryat vocabulary and small genres of folklore, it can be argued that the domestic pig symbolized sensuality, poverty and, conversely, material well-being. Many negative qualities of a person were associated with it. Meanwhile, the boar personified bravery, and at the same time thoughtlessness. Of the biological signs of a wild pig, the Buryats especially distinguished its hearing and sense of smell. Despite some fragmentation of the image of the boar in the traditional worldview of the Buryats, a complex of judgments about it is revealed. In them, the animal acts as a totem, and as the nurse of the first ancestors. He is perceived as a symbol of strength, masculinity. In addition, he is endowed with the symbolism of fertility and heavenly water. In the epic of the Buryats, his image received an unambiguously negative connotation, and was linked to the motive of the soul of a demonic being. In the shamanic ritual, the tusks and, in general, the boar’s head, played the role of the apotropee. In it, the image of the animal was associated with the “game” spirit of Gakhai ongon. In shamanic poetry, the boar appears as an anthroponym (Gakhai bagsha). The materials on shamanic rituals highlight the positive connotation of this animal, due to such important meanings as earth, sky. The wild pig is a symbol of fertility. Probably, she was also perceived as a transport for the deity. However, there is also a negative connotation associated with the perception of the boar as a messenger of death.

"مسالك العلماء في التعامل مع اختلاف النسخ في رموز "الجامع الصغير

The book ‘al-Jami as-Saghier’ of Al-Suyuti has become the major source for scholars, jurists, and preachers regarding the Prophet’s narrations. The reason for that is the easy access to the narration in it, with the addition of Al-Suyuti's classifications, and followed by the sources of the narration. But unfortunately, there occurred some differences in the manuscript copies regarding Al-Suyuti’s symbols, whether for sources or for strength and weakness of the narrations, which distracts the reader of this book. And caused the scholars to differ about these symbols and giving them lack trust. That is why this study came with the aim of choosing a scientific methodology to reach the rulings of Al-Suyuti, relying on the inductive approach in collecting texts. And it was found that the differences were caused by omission and misspelling, as well as the additions of some scholars such as Ibn Maghlabai and Sharif. And accordingly, the scholars’ approach towards these symbols differed: some of them removed them, like Al-Albani and Al-Nabhani. And others took the path of probability and likelihood, such as Al-Manawi and Al-San’ani, using correspondence between copies and the author’s handwriting, but their results are different. Therefore, I took what Al-Alqami mentioned as my main source, but since his explanation did not cover the whole book, we also relied on the copy of Testarbiti, due to its closeness to the author’s era and his acknowledgement of the copier. However, it contains blur and blanks, and a similarity between the two symbols of strength and weaknessص, ض) ) which affects the knowledge of the symbol. If Al-Alqami did not transmit anything, and we found an obliteration in the copy of Testarbiti, and the copies differed, then what Al-Manawi and Al-San’ani agreed upon is chosen. And even in the occasion one of them made a unique choice, because they took care of the book regarding their explanation and in comparing the copies. If Al-San’ani and Al-Manawi differ, or one of them is unique in contrast to the rest of the copies, as well as when there is a fear that a correction may occur in a copy of Testarbiti, then what agrees with the rule mentioned by Al-Suyuti in Al-Jami’ Al-Kabeer is given preference regarding the degree of the narration above the symbol of its correctors, or by Al-Suyuti’s statement in his other books as Al-Alqami used to do when giving preference.

ANALISIS PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA BATIK GROMPOL DI GALERI BATIK SOENDARI

The value of foreign culture is currently growing so rapidly along with technological advances that are very real and change the values of local culture in Indonesia, one of which is batik. Most of the community, including students at universities, do not understand the local wisdom found in their area. There is a gallery in Malang with the name Soendari Gallery which has many kinds of batik based on Strengthening Character Education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the character load on Grompol batik. This study uses an approach with a descriptive type of research. The research subject is Grompol batik. Batik Grompol has a circle shape in which one of the five characters is gotong royong. There is also the kawung motif, which is known as a symbol of strength and justice, which is also one of the missionaries of character education. It can be said that in grompol batik contains character education.

Ancient Giant Sequoias Are Dying: Scientists Refuse to Acknowledge the Cause

California’s Giant Sequoias and Coast Redwoods, long symbols of strength, longevity, and resilience, have survived natural climate change for as long as 3,000 years, but are now succumbing to human manipulation of the natural environment. Scientists concerned with the wellbeing of these magnificent trees blame their recent die-offs on climate change, drought, and insects while turning a blind eye to the primary underlying cause: environmental modification by jet-emplacement in the troposphere of toxic particles evidenced as coal combustion fly ash. Said aerosolized particulates cause droughts and deluges, heat the troposphere, contaminate rain, snow, and fog with plant-killing toxins including chemically-mobile aluminum, coat foliage, and exacerbate forest fires. The aerial spraying depletes stratospheric ozone, allowing damaging ultraviolet radiation B and C to reach Earth’s surface. These environmental stressors weaken the trees to the point they are attacked by insects and pathogenic fungi. Here we disclose the unspoken, underlying cause of the die-offs of Giant Sequoias and Coast Redwoods. Through a diabolically-deceptive, Trojan horse, United Nations’ International Treaty the governments of sovereign nations were coerced to wage environmental warfare against their own citizens and the natural environment under the guise of peaceful environmental modification. Remaining trees, and indeed much of the life on Earth, can only be saved if this environmental modification is halted.

Analysis of Strengthening Character Educationin Gropol Batik in Soendari Batik Gallery

Character education is an effort to create a generation that is intelligent and has noble character and has an Indonesian personality. The success of character education in learning does not necessarily come from the perspective of the cognitive domain, but rather how to balance cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains whose estuary is to create a complete human being, likewise with cultural values. Foreign cultural values are growing rapidly along with technological advances, which have significantly shifted local cultural values in Indonesia, one of which is batik, most people, including university students, do not know the uniqueness of local wisdom in their respective regions; this Soendari Gallery has a batik based on strengthening character education. The purpose of this study is how to analyze the content of character education contained in Grombol Batik at the Soendari Gallery. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. The subject of this research is Grompol Batik from Soendari Gallery. In Grompol batik, there is a circle or oval shape, which is one of the five characters, namely mutual cooperation. Besides that kawung is also known as a symbol of strength and justice which is also one of the dai character education. It can be concluded that the Grompol batik contains character education in it. This research is expected to provide many benefits for the community and the artists.

Mixed Cultural Representation of Stuart's Character in Minions As a Symbol of Strength and Protection Mixed Cultural Representation of Stuart's Character in Minions As a Symbol of Strength and Protection

The myth of the one eye symbol is a symbol of the symbolism of symbols that are still unclear and hidden visual signs. Interpretations can be unclear and varied, Connecting with the sign of the Illuminati, the sun god with the eye symbol depicted single or one will have a psychological impact on the one who reads it. History records of artifacts made about the shape of the eye symbol and other forms. It is in ancient religious symbols of worship and leadership. The Sumerians demonstrated the sanctity of certain sculptures, the shape of the eyes enlarged by an abnormal size gave the impression, the message of sensation from the statue. Making performances of religious ceremonies, artists seek to bring sculptures to life in the way they do eye openings. The ancient Egyptian civilization was the originator of the disembodied eye as a symbol of the single eye. One of the well-known symbols of Egypt is the eye of the sun god in Pharaoh's mythology. The image is a mixture of the image of a human eye combined with an eagle's eye, with eyebrow markings, dark cheek markings of a bird. And also various forms of the relics of the modern era associated with the shape of the image of the one eye. In this case, Semiotics is a branch of science that studies a sign. Semiotics comes from the Greek word: semeion, which means sign. Sign as something that represents something; metaphor. The process of a sign as a representative occurs when the sign is reinterpreted concerning what it represents, in the form of visual forms, colors in works of art. It can be said that Semiosis is a process in which the sign becomes a function as a representative of the signified. The focus of researchers in the study of semiotics here is a visual sign of combining entities that are used as representations of the represented entities. This representation process is often called signification. This research is how the visual sign of the one eye on the animated minion character named Stuart can be a representation of the one eye symbol in the past and modern era that represents it both in shape and color.

ICONIC AND SYMBOLIC ASPECT IN TRADEMARKS OF THE LATE 19th AND EARLY 20th CENTURIES

The purpose of the study is to identify the possibilities of visual symbolism in the creation of a company image using a logo in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Research Methodology. The historical, historical-comparative, analytical methods were used to conduct the research; art history methods — formal, figurative-stylistic, semantic analysis — were used to identify the figurative and symbolic language of the company’s logos late 19th – early 20th centuries. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the works of foreign and national scientists of the 20th century, the symbol and mark are characterised as means of expressing the phenomenon essence, and the existing classifications of symbols are considered. The logos used in the late 19th – early 20th centuries in the world practice and on the Ukraine territory are analysed. The example of the Prudential Financial insurance company (the USA) shows that the use of a symbolic element remained unchanged in the process of its changes during 1860–1996. On the example of the trademarks of Ukrainian enterprises — the Ernst Mehlhose Agricultural Machinery Plant (1874–1923), the F. V. Alsop in Kharkiv enterprise, Luhansk Textile Mill (1904–2001), Kyiv Contract Fair (1797–1930) — the methods of visual identification are considered, the artistic means are determined; the comparative analysis is carried out. It is established that the image of the rock in the structure of the American company logo is a symbol of strength and security and appeals to its main characteristics. It is determined that in the means of visual identification of Ukrainian enterprises of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, there is a tendency to express clearly the company specialisation through realistic images of architectural buildings that belonged to them or produced products, as well as ordinary names with moderate artistic design.

PEMBAHARUAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAM MODEL MUHAMMADIYAH DAN NAHDLATUL ULAMA

Muhammadiyah and NU are two of the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia. Both of these organizations have significant mass and inter-related to each other. These organizations stand up long before the independence of Indonesia announced. Muhammadiyah itself was founded by Kyai Ahmad Dahlan and Nahdlatul Ulama Hasyim was initiated by Kyai Ash'ari. Sincerity and the struggle of its founder, who make this great organization can exist and be accepted by the community to this day. The organization is also a symbol of strength of the Islamic organizations in Indonesia. The two religious organizations also does little merit in the fight for Indonesia's independence. Although many of the negative view that menyasar him but did not make the harmony both fade. It is visible from their struggle in propagating dakwahnya in Indonesia with sincere and full of struggle. Da’wah movement not only focused in purification of belief but also plays a role in answering the problems that exist in society. By using the methods to critical review I tried to dig the closeness between the Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama which can not be disputed again.

Memory, risk, and regional identity: Assessing the socio-cultural impacts of tornadoes in Oklahoma, USA

Tornadoes are often seen as a way of life in the Great Plains region of the United States, with many stories of deadly storms originating before the 20th century. Because of this historic connection between people and their environment, residents of states such as Oklahoma develop distinctive sociocultural relationships to extreme weather, particularly associating tornadoes with social memory and regional identity. In this paper, I assert that shared memories of historic tornadoes are impactful to Oklahomans’ regional identity as it relates to residents’ relationships with risk. Multiple qualitative methods, including interview and archival research were used in order to identify the importance of this relationship to Oklahomans as a social group. Much importance is also placed on connecting the present to the past, and many Oklahomans have adopted tornadoes as a symbol of strength. While memories of these tornadic events do not negate the risks of living in a potentially dangerous environment, they also do not imply that risks should be avoided. Rather, facing these risks is seen as a practice in endurance that many Oklahomans believe they were built to face.