Balance Exercises Research Articles

Effect of Peanut Ball Exercise on Fear of Labour among Primigravida Mother

Background: Fear of giving birth is the primary factor that has reduced the preference for natural birth. Thesudden rise in the percentage of C-sections has harmed women’s pregnancy and new-born health.Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of peanut ball exercise on reducing fear among primigravida mothers.Materials and Methods: Thirty participants were randomly assigned to experimental (peanut ball exercise,antenatal exercise, antenatal education) and conventional (Antenatal exercises) groups. The fear of childbirthquestionnaire (FCQ) was used to evaluate the pre-test the same test used to determine post-treatment values after12 weeks of the treatment.Results: A significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups (P =0.0001). peanutball exercise and antenatal education were effective in mothers with a fear of childbirth.Conclusion: Peanut ball training is effective in mothers with a fear of childbirth.

Changes in urinary stable nitrogen isotope ratios during controlled short-term energy deficit: a proof-of-principle analysis

PurposeStable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) have previously been shown to increase in human hair during periods of catabolism. The goal of this study was to assess changes in δ15N in urinary urea (δ15Nurea) and Δ15N during a short-term controlled energy deficit.MethodsWe analyzed samples from 6 recreationally active men (25 ± 1 years, BMI: 23.5 ± 0.6 kg/m2) who participated in a repeated measures cross-over study involving 4 days of energy deficit (ED, ~ 15 kcal/kg FFM) without and with exercise (ED-EX, ED + EX) and control conditions in energy balance (CON-EX, CON + EX). δ15Nurea was analyzed from urine samples, and Δ15N was calculated as δ15Nurea–δ15Ndiet, with δ15Ndiet obtained from diet prescriptions.Resultsδ15Nurea was significantly elevated in ED-EX (4.4 ± 0.2‰) when compared to CON-EX (3.7 ± 0.1‰; p = 0.026) and CON + EX (3.34 ± 0.13‰, p = 0.001). As a consequence, Δ15N was positive in ED-EX (0.2 ± 0.2‰) and remained negative in ED + EX (− 0.6 ± 0.5‰), CON-EX (− 1.0 ± 0.2) and CON + EX (− 1.1 ± 0.2). Differences in Δ15N were significant between ED-EX and CON-EX (p = 0.005) and ED-EX and CON + EX (p = 0.006).ConclusionOur results suggest that δ15Nurea and subsequently Δ15N are responsive to a short-term energy deficit, likely due to increased amino acid oxidation to meet energy demands and preferable elimination of 14N.

Effects of Strengthening Exercises on Human Kinetic Chains Based on a Systematic Review.

Kinetic chains (KCs) are primarily affected by the load of different activities that recruit muscles from different regions. We explored the effects of strengthening exercises on KCs through muscle activation. Four databases were searched from 1990 to 2019. The muscles of each KC, their surface electromyography (sEMG), and the exercises conducted were reported. We found 36 studies that presented muscle activation using the percent (%) maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) or average sEMG for nine KCs in different regions. The % MVIC is presented as the following four categories: low (≤20%), moderate (21~40%), high (41~60%), and very high (>60%). Only four studies mentioned muscle activation in more than three KCs, while the remaining studies reported inconsistent sEMG processing, lacked normalization, and muscle activation in one or two KCs. The roles of stabilizers and the base of support in overhead throwing mobility using balance exercises were examined, and the concentric phase of chin-up and lat pull-down activated the entire KC by recruiting multiple muscles. Also, deep-water running was shown to prevent the risk of falls and enhance balance and stability. In addition, low-load trunk rotations improved the muscles of the back and external oblique activation. Based on this study's findings, closed-chain exercises activate more groups of muscles in a kinetic chain than open-chain exercises. However, no closed or open chain exercise can activate optimal KCs.

Effects of Physical Activity on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Physical Function in Old Age: Bibliometric and Meta-Analyses.

Accumulating evidence suggests that physical activity (PA) is an efficient intervention to maintain functional capabilities and mitigate physiological changes in the older population. However, an attempt has yet to be made to comprehensively investigate the published landscape on the subject. This study had two aims. The first aim was to perform a bibliometric analysis for two keywords, "aging" and "PA", to analyze the research trend. Since "frailty" was the most noticeable co-occurring keyword with the two keywords, the second aim was to investigate the effects of PA, particularly, resistance training (RT), on frailty using a meta-analysis to provide a summary of the current evidence base. The bibliometric analysis revealed that the number of publications on this research topic has gradually increased, highlighting the importance of understanding the role of PA in aging. The meta-analysis found that RT had significant beneficial effects on physical frailty factors, including handgrip strength, lower limb strength, balance, gait speed, and stair-climbing ability. These findings demonstrate that RT is an effective intervention for improving physical function in frail populations; thus, it has important implications for the development of PA programs for older adults with frailty. Future research is warranted to explore the optimal dose, frequency, and duration of RT programs for older adults, as well as the potential benefits of combining RT with other forms of PA, such as aerobic or balance exercises.

Effect of dynamic balance on human mental rotation task in female badminton vs. volleyball players.

The present study aims to compare the mental rotation performance between two non-contact sports (i.e., badminton and volleyball) in different upright conditions (i.e., with and without dynamic balance). Thirty-five female sports and physical education students voluntarily participated in the experiment, including fourteen specialists in badminton and twenty-one specialists in volleyball. The experiment involved a mental body rotation task with or without balance exercises on a wobble board. Badminton players outperformed volleyball players in the mental rotation tasks regardless of balance. More interestingly, the results revealed an overall decrease in reaction times when participants performed balance exercises simultaneously with mental rotation. Our findings suggest that introducing dynamic balance on a wobble board has immediate beneficial effects on the mental rotation performance of female badminton and volleyball players. These findings are discussed in the context of sport specificities and cognitive processing framework.

Pencegahan Risiko Jatuh Pada Lansia Dengan Penyakit Degeneratif

The risk of falling is an incident reported by the sufferer or family who saw the incident, which resulted in a person suddenly falling down, sitting on the floor or a lower place with or without loss of consciousness or injury. Based on an initial survey at the Posyandu Lansia Akbar (Elderly Center) in the working area of ​​the Puskesmas Jembatan Kecil (Community Health Center), it was found that some health problems which are still often experienced by the elderly are degenerative diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and perceptual and sensory disorders that leads in decreasing balance, muscle strength and flexibility. These problems put elderly at high risk of falls. To reduce the risk of falls in the elderly, it is necessary to provide preventive, curative and collaborative health services in the form of health education and assistance with balance exercises. So the Community Service Team provides health education on preventing the risk of falls in the elderly.

Comparative Study to Assess the Effect of Gaze Stability Exercises and Perturbation Based Balance Exercises on Balance for Stroke Patients

Comparative Study to Assess the Effect of Gaze Stability Exercises and Perturbation Based Balance Exercises on Balance for Stroke Patients

FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN (FMSTM) AND BALANCE IN BODYBUILDERS DURING THE DEFINITION PERIOD

The functional movement and balance performances of bodybuilders and the relationship between them arouse curiosity in the definition period where intense restrictions are experienced. The aims of this study were to (a) determine functional movement screening (FMSTM) and balance performance in bodybuilders during the definition period and (b) examine the relationship between these tests. Twelve adult male bodybuilders voluntarily participated in the study. Participants performed flamingo balance test for static balance, upper & lower quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ & YBT-UQ) for dynamic balance, and FMS TM tests (deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability push-up, and rotary stability) for functional movement screening. There was a significant negative correlation between dominant leg static balance and rotary stability (r=-.832, p=.040) and a significant positive relationship between dynamic balance and rotary stability in dominant and non-dominant leg (dominant leg: r=.589, p=.044, non-dominant leg: r=.775, p=003). There was no significant relationship between YBT-UQ composite scores and FMSTM composite scores on both sides in bodybuilders during the definition period. As a result, the FMS TM score is quite low in bodybuilders during the definition period, and the increase in static and lower extremity dynamic balance performance may increase the rotary stability score. Bodybuilders are recommended to practice lower extremity static and dynamic balance exercises in addition to training during the definition period.

Effect of Suryanamskar v/s Gym Ball Exercises with K-Taping on Pain & Symptoms in Primary Dysmennorrhea: A Comparative Study

Effect of Suryanamskar v/s Gym Ball Exercises with K-Taping on Pain & Symptoms in Primary Dysmennorrhea: A Comparative Study

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction on Balance Performance During Dynamic Balance Exercises in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Blood flow restriction (BFR) is a rehabilitation tool which may introduce a constraint, similar to muscle fatigue, that challenge patients' sensorimotor system during balance exercises. The purpose of our study was to examine whether adding BFR to dynamic balance exercises produced a decrease in balance performance and an increase in ratings of perceived exertion and instability in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) compared with dynamic balance exercises without BFR. Crossover design. Our sample included N = 25 young adults with a history of CAI. Participants completed 2 laboratory visits. At each visit, participants completed 4 sets (30×-15×-15×-15×) of dynamic balance exercises, performed similar to the modified star excursion balance test (SEBT), once with BFR and once with control (no BFR) conditions. We measured composite SEBT scores at baseline and during the final repetitions of each set of balance exercise (sets 1-4). We also measured ratings of perceived exertion and instability following each balance exercise set. We observed no difference in composite SEBT scores between conditions at baseline; however, composite SEBT scores were significantly lower during all balance exercises sets 1 to 4 with the BFR condition compared with control. During the BFR condition, composite SEBT scores were significantly lower during all balance exercise sets compared with baseline. During the control condition, composite SEBT scores did not significantly change between baseline and each balance exercise set. Ratings of perceived exertion and instability scores were significantly greater in the BFR group compared with the control group during all balance exercise sets. Individuals with CAI demonstrated lower composite SEBT scores and greater perceived instability and exertion during dynamic balance exercise with BFR compared to without BFR. BFR introduced a novel muscle fatigue constraint during dynamic balance exercises in individuals with CAI. Additional research is needed to determine if adding BFR to balance training could improve clinical outcomes in CAI patients.

Effectiveness of exercise intervention in relieving symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis: A network meta-analysis.

Ankylosing spondylitis(AS) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease that leads to a reduced quality of life. Exercise appears to be one of the promising modes of intervention. The aim of this study was to review the available evidence and compare the effectiveness of different exercises in relieving symptoms of AS. We searched the Pubmed, WOS, EMbase, CNKI, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases. The search has spanned from the creation of the database until September 15, 2023. We extracted the first author, year of article publication, sample information, intervention, duration of intervention, and outcome indicators from the literature that met the inclusion criteria. The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool was used to assess the risk of bias for included studies. I² was used to judge the consistency of the included studies. Egger's test and Begg's test were used to judge whether there was significant publication bias. Forest plots were used to compare intervention effects and SUCRA was provided to rank the effects of the interventions. This study has been registered in PROSPERO(No. CRD42024518522). After screening, 10 papers matched the inclusion criteria for this study, and the total sample size of the 10 papers was 623. Upon analysis, the papers included in this study did not have significant publication bias (Begg's Test P = 0.210) and had good consistency (P>0.05). The direct comparisons showed that Running, Pilates, Stretching, Yoga, and Tai Chi were more effective interventions than traditional therapies. The effect sizes, confidence intervals, and number of studies for each intervention are shown below: Running [MD -1.90 (95% CI -3.14,-0.66) n = 1], Pilates [MD -1.70 (95% CI -2.90,-0.51) n = 1], Stretching [MD -1.54 (95% CI -2.21,-0.88) n = 4], Yoga [MD -1.24 (95% CI -2.18,-0.30) n = 1], Tai Chi [MD -0.78 (95% CI -1.44,-0.12) n = 2], Exergame[MD -0.80 (95% CI -1.99,0.39) n = 1], Swiss balls[MD -1.07 (95% CI -2.58,0.44) n = 1]. The indirect comparisons showed that the range of effect sizes for each sport intervention intersected the null line. Based on cumulative probability, the order of effectiveness of different exercises in relieving AS symptoms is Running, Pilates, Stretching, Yoga, Tai Chi, Exergame, and Swiss ball. Running, Pilates, Stretching, Yoga, and Tai Chi provided significant relief from AS symptoms. Exergame and Swiss ball were not statistically significant in relieving AS symptoms. There were no significant differences in the effectiveness of different exercise interventions in relieving AS symptoms. Running may have the most beneficial effect on alleviating AS symptoms.

Comparison of the Effects of Cognitive Dual-Task and Single-Task Balance Exercises on Static Balance among People with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery improves mechanical stability; however, functional stability remains impaired. Balance exercises can help improve functional stability. The effect of cognitive dual-task balance exercises has not been studied in people with ACL reconstruction surgery; therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of cognitive dual-task and single-task balance exercises on the static balance indices in these individuals. This study was a randomized clinical trial. After a period of conventional physiotherapy and applying inclusion criteria, 28 patients with ACL reconstruction surgery were randomly divided into two groups of cognitive dual-task and single-task balance exercises. Each group received the relevant exercises for four weeks, three times a week, with each session lasting 20 min. Center of pressure variables, including mean displacement in anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions, total path length, mean velocity of displacement, root mean square of displacement and velocity, and the elliptical area, were measured using the FDM pressure platform before and after the interventions as the primary outcomes. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) scale was completed by the participants before and after the interventions. The measured static balance variables and KOOS subscales had significant differences before and after intervention in both groups (P<0.05); however, no statistically significant difference was observed in these variables between the two groups. There was no significant correlation between KOOS subscales and measured static balance variables. Both cognitive dual-task and single-task balance exercises improved the indicators related to static balance and the level of functional disability of the knee. However, cognitive dual-task balance exercises had no superiority over single-task balance exercises in ACL-reconstructed individuals.

Ab. No. 157 To Study the Effect of Posterior Oblique Sling Exercises on Performance Parameter in Volleyball Female Players

Introduction: Review of the literature and on field observations found that there were paucity of evidence showing direct relation of TheraBand and Swiss ball exercise on activation of POS for performance enhancement. Therefore, in present study, we are going to evaluate the effect of POS activation with the help of TheraBand and Swiss ball stability exercises to improve performance parameters. The Purpose of study is to know the effect of posterior oblique sling (POS) activation exercise on Performance Parameters (spike velocity, ROM) in female volleyball players. Methods: 30 female volleyball players were selected by Purposive and convenient sampling and randomly allocated into two groups equally 15 each based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. experimental study on the POS activation exercises at MP volleyball association, Brothers club Indore. The demographic data including age, height, weight, were collected through a data collection sheet. Result: Means of thoracolumbar rotation after Theraband and Swissball exercise are 31.67 and 35.67 serve velocity are 63.60 and 72.40 Showing significant difference between means. The calculated t-value is 2.65 and 8.57 which is significant at the degree of freedom 28 at 0.05 level of significant because the calculated t-value is greater than (2.05) minimum value at 0.05 significant level. Conclusion: In this study statistically Swiss ball exercises is more effective than TheraBand to improving performance parameter through activation of POS in female volleyball players. Implications: There are few studies are available regarding POS. Furthermore, study use a larger sample size, duration etc. to provide strong evidence.

EXPERIÊNCIAS DAS PARTURIENTES DE ALTO RISCO COM O USO DAS TECNOLOGIAS NÃO INVASIVAS DE CUIDADO

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze high-risk parturient women’s experiences with the use of non-invasive nursing care technologies during labor. Method: this is qualitative and descriptive research, with twenty high-risk postpartum women admitted to a tertiary maternity hospital in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected from April to July 2019 through semi-structured interviews, subjected to thematic content analysis and analyzed in light of Kristen Swanson’s Theory of Caring. Results: the experiments revealed that theory processes were associated with the use of non-invasive care technologies by nurses. “Maintaining belief”, “knowing” and “being with” were made up of the following technologies: encouraging self-confidence; understanding the lived experience; bond formation; and creating a supportive and helpful relationship with parturient women. The “doing for” and “enabling” processes included other technologies that promoted comfort and facilitated the experience such as: encouraging active participation and conscious breathing; stimulation of vertical positions and pelvic movements; companion involvement in care; using resources, such as warm water, Swiss balls and essential oils; and applying massages. Conclusion: parturient women realize that the use of non-invasive care technologies by nurses shapes experiences of well-being during labor, expressed in feelings of safety, acceptance, respect, appreciation, support and comfort. The importance of investing in nurses’ work in assisting high-risk pregnancies is highlighted, as these technologies provide respectful care and women’s satisfaction with childbirth.

Aktivno vreme vežbanja devojčica na treningu ritmičke gimnastike

Nowadays, children are most often involved in different sports clubs where they can satisfy their need for movement through recreational activities or the practice of sport on a higher level, and obtain benefits brought by regular physical activity. If the program of these activities is well-organized, its contribution is reflected in the fact that in this manner young people can increase their total time of practicing physical activity during the day. The goal of this research was to establish the active exercise time of female gymnasts in rhythmic gymnastics training sessions, with various apparatuses used in the training, as well as exercises without any apparatuses. A method of descriptive analysis was applied in this paper, with the utilization of objectively acquired data in rhythmic gymnastics training sessions. The data was collected by trained observers by applying the "SOFIT" instrument, during November and December of 2022. Twelve training sessions were observed and analyzed, performed in three different gymnastics clubs, and attended by a total of 126 girls, aged 7 to 11. Out of the total number of training sessions, there were three that had exercises without apparatus as their content, three with jump rope exercises, three with ball exercises, and three with hoop exercises. The acquired data was first analysed by the methods of descriptive statistics, after which a comparative analysis of gained results was performed. The application of various forms of apparatuses or exercises without apparatuses influences the active exercise time, as well as coach behaviour in rhythmic gymnastics training.

Knee Alignment-Oriented Balance Exercises Versus Conventional Balance Exercises in Treating Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Knee Alignment-Oriented Balance Exercises Versus Conventional Balance Exercises in Treating Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

EMG Activity of Core and Global Muscles of Spine during Functional Exercises in Basketball Players with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Pilot Study

Introduction: Assessing the Electromyography (EMG) activity of core muscles during various exercises might be extremely important to understand the neuro-muscular strategies used by basketball athletes with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI). Aim: To compare the EMG activity of the core/global muscles during different functional exercises in basketball athletes with versus without CAI. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was conducted in the Department of Physiotherapy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India. A total of eight basketball players subjects aged 18-30 years with (n=4) and without CAI (n=4) were recruited using convenience sampling. Players with atleast 2 years of competitive experience were enrolled. CAI was diagnosed if there was a history of atleast two ankle inversion injuries in the same ankle for the past 2 years, which had required a period of protected weight bearing or immobilisation or any complaint of giving way of the ankle during functional activities and score of less than 24 on the Cumberland ankle instability tool. Surface EMG was recorded for multifidus, rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis and erector spinae during six functional exercises (single leg squat, Y balance exercise, quadrant hop, toe touch down, box jump and medicine ball slams). 2×5×4 repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to test the study hypothesis. Results: A significant difference was found between the activation patterns of the core and global muscles in basketball players with CAI and without CAI. Conclusion: It can be concluded that CAI alters the activation of core and global spinal muscles significantly. CAI is not restricted to distal joint but has an impact on proximal muscles as well. Neuromuscular training for the muscles, which alters motor control strategy because of CAI, could be taken into consideration when planning rehabilitation for CAI.

Ab. No. 73 Effect of Otago Exercise Program Via Tele Rehabilitation on Fall Risk and Balance in Older People

Introduction: To find the effect of Otago exercise program via telerehabilitation on fall risk and balance in older people. Older people’s falls and fall-related injuries have grown to be major health issue. Otago Exercise Program (OEP) consists of 17 strength and balance exercises and walking program at home, outpatient or community setting that is effective in preventing falls. Telerehabilitation is newer technique of delivery of rehabilitation services over telecommunication networks. Methods: 44 gender-matched participants aged 65-80 (71 + 4.3) years were divided into two groups using simple random sampling. People unwilling to participate were excluded. Ethics approval was obtained. A prospective follow-up study was carried out in community of Ahmedabad. Participants were explained the study. Fall risk was measured using Timed Up and Go(TUG) test and balance was measured using Berg Balance Scale(BBS). Group A (n=22) was given telerehabilitation-based OEP via zoom calls and Group B (n=22) was given unsupervised OEP at home. A total of 12 sessions (3 sessions/week) of OEP and (2 times/week) walking for 4 weeks was administered. Within group analysis for TUG was done using Paired samples T-test and for BBS using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Between group analysis was carried out using Mann-Whitney U test. Level of significance was kept at 5%. Results: Within group analysis showed statistically significant difference in group A TUG (t=14.96, p&lt;0.0001), BBS (Z=-4.135, p&lt;0.0001), in group B TUG (t=3.375, p=0.003), BBS(Z=-3.71, p&lt;0.0001). Between group analysis showed statistically significant difference in BBS (U=34.5, p&lt;0.0001) but not in TUG (U=191.5, p=0.211). Conclusion: Otago Exercise program is effective via telerehabilitation and as home-based program to improve balance and reduce fall risk. Tele-rehabilitation group was more effective in improving balance. Implications: Tele-rehabilitation can be used for older people by providing convenient, one-to-one, accessible healthcare services at home reducing travel.

The Impact and Intervention of Handheld Tai Chi Water-resistance Fitness Ball on Middle-aged and Elderly Patients with Parkinson's Disease

Through the use of a survey and statistical methods, this study explores the effects and interventions of handheld Tai Chi water resistance fitness balls on the elderly with Parkinson's disease. Firstly, a questionnaire on exercise compliance for patients with Parkinson's disease was developed, and its reliability and validity were tested. Then, a survey was conducted to investigate the current status of exercise compliance among Parkinson's disease patients, including general information, scoring status, and single and multiple factor analyses of influencing factors [1]. The results of the study show that through qualitative research, the dimensions and item pools of the questionnaire were initially constructed, and the reliability analysis of the questionnaire was conducted through Delphi expert consultation, with favorable results in terms of its reliability and validity [2]. Regarding the current status of exercise compliance among Parkinson's disease patients, the study found that the level of exercise compliance needs improvement, and there are significant differences in exercise compliance levels among patients under different circumstances. Finally, the research results were discussed and conclusions were drawn. The innovation of this study lies in the development of a questionnaire on exercise compliance for patients with Parkinson's disease and the preliminary qualitative research and Delphi expert consultation conducted on it, providing new ideas and methods for the study of exercise compliance. However, the study also has limitations as it did not examine the effects of other interventions on Parkinson's disease, therefore further research should be conducted [3].

Wii Fit Exercise's Effects on Muscle Strength and Fear of Falling in Older Adults With Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to investigate how Wii Fit exercises affect muscle strength and fear of falling in older adults with Alzheimer's disease. The study included a total of 32 volunteers with Alzheimer's disease, aged 65-80years. These participants were divided into two groups: the exercise group and the control group. The exercise group received a 30-min (one session) twice-weekly exercise program for 6 weeks with games selected from different categories, such as balance and aerobic exercises, with the Nintendo Wii virtual reality device. During this period, the control group did not receive any treatment, and routine medical treatments continued. At baseline and 6 weeks later, Mini-Mental State Examination, knee extension muscle strength, Timed Up and Go Test, and Tinetti Fall Efficacy Scale results were recorded in the exercise and control groups. In intragroup comparison, a statistically significant difference was found in all tests (muscle strength, Timed Up and Go Test, and Tinetti Fall Efficacy Scale) in the exercise group after the exercise program (p < .05), while no significant difference was found in the control group (p > .05). According to the interaction of group and time in the intergroup comparison, there was no difference between the groups (exercise and control group) in muscle strength and Timed Up and Go Test (p > .05), but there was a difference in Tinetti Fall Efficacy Scale (p < .05). This randomized controlled trial supports the claim that Wii Fit exercises can reduce the fear of falling in older adults with Alzheimer's disease.